2022中考阅读理解热点话题练 专题13 家庭信息（解析版）

PAGE8PAGE92022中考阅读理解热点话题练专题13家庭信息Passage1（2021·江苏扬州·中考真题）Roberta,PeterandPhyllislivedinalargehouseinLondon.Fatherworkedhardinagovernmentoffice.Hewasneverangryandalwaysreadyforagame.Motherwasalmostathome,readytoplaywiththechildren,andreadtothem,andhelpthemdotheirhome—lessons.Thesethreeluckychildrenalwayshadeverythingtheyneeded:prettyclothes,goodfires,alovelyplayroomandadogcalledJames.Theyhadahappylife,buttheydidnotknowhowhappytilltheprettylifeinthelargehousewasover.Peterhadatoyengineanditbroke.Afterdinner,PetershowedFathertheengine.FatherlookeditoverandpromisedtodoitonSaturday.AtthatmomenttwomencametoseeFather.Minutespassed.Father’svoicecameoutfromthestudy,loudandangry.Moretimepassed.ThenMothercameinandsaid,“Father’sbeencalledaway—onbusiness.”Aweekaftertheirfatherwentaway,theirmothersaid,“Now,we’regoingtomovetothecountry.Aprettylittlewhitehouse,calledThreeChimneys.”Thefamilystartedpacking:clothes,plates,candlesandalsotablesandchairs.“Weseemtobetakingalltheuglythings,”saidRoberta.“We’retakingtheusefulones,”saidMother.“We’vegottoplayatbeingpoorforabit.”Petersaidjoyously,“Idolikemoving!Iwishwemovedonceamonth.”Motherlaughedandsaid,“Idon’tlikemoving!”Assheturnedaway,Robertasawherface.Sheneverforgotit.“Oh,Mother,”shewhispered,“howIloveyou!Youarebraveenoughtolaughwhenyou’refeelinglikethat!”ThentheytookatraintoThreeChimneys.NooneknewhowlongtheyhadbeeninthetrainwhenMotherwokethemup.Theystoodinthecoldnightaironthedarkplatform.Atthatmomenttheydidn’tknowhowimportantthestationandthetrainswouldbecometothem.Theydidn’tknowtheyweregoingtobetherailwaychildren.—TakenfromTheRailwayChildren1．ThefamilypackedthingslikeplatesandcandlesbecauseMotherthoughttheywere________.A．useful B．new C．expensive D．beautiful2．Whichofthefollowingquestionsisansweredinthispassage?A．HowdidPeter’stoyenginebreak?B．Whenwouldthechildren’sfatherbehome?C．WhatwasthefamilylikebeforeFatherwasaway?D．Whatwasthefamily’slifelikeinThreeChimneys?3．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Phylliswantedtomoveahouseonceamonth.B．Fathersaidgoodbyetothechildrenwhenheleft.C．MotherwantedtoleaveLondonandmovetothecountry.D．Motherwasbraveenoughtolaughwhenshewasfeelingsad.4．Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromtheunderlinedsentencesinthelastparagraph?A．Thechildrendon’tliketheirlifeinLondon.B．Thestationhasnothingtodowiththefamily’sfuturelife.C．Somethingisgoingtohappentothechildrenlaterinthestory.D．Parentscanbetterdealwithlifechangesthantheirchildren.Passage2（2019·广西柳州·中考真题）Mr.andMrs.Smithhavetwochildren,KevinandJenny.Thewholefamilyareallbusy,sotheyoftenleavenotestoeachother.Herearethesefournotesoftoday.3:30pmToKevin,Mr.Kingrang,tellingthereisnofootballpracticetoday,andheaskedyoutogetreadyforthefootballmatchtomorrow.Jenny4:00pmToJenny,It'syourturntowalkourpetdogTeddyandplaywithhimafterschool.Kevin6:45pmToall,Hasanyonefoundmytennisshoes?I'mdoingmyhomeworkinmybedroom.Kevin9:00pmToKevin,Isawyourshoesthismorning.TheysmeltterriblesoIputthemoutsidethebackdoor.Goodnight,dear!Mum5．_____________wasaskedtowalkthepetdogafterschool.A．Mum B．Kevin C．Jenny6．Kevinwasdoinghishomeworkinthe______________.A．bedroom B．garden C．livingroom7．Kevincouldfindhistennisshoes_____________at6:45pm.A．underthedesk B．outsidethebackdoor C．inthebag8．WhatwillKevinprobablydotomorrow?A．PlaywithTeddy. B．Playtennis. C．Playinafootballmatch.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthenotes?A．Teddydoesn'tliketostayathome.B．Mr.Kingmaybeacoach.C．MumwashedKevin'sshoes.Passage3（2020·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）Therearejustthreeofusinmyfamily:mymum,mydadandme.I'vegotmanypossessionsandmanymodernthings:abigTV,anewcomputerandamobilephone.Inmyfamilylife,I'mnotexpectedtodothehousework.Wegooutfordinnertogethersometimes,butmydadisoftenabroadonbusiness,andmymumworkstoo.Weusuallyjustdoourownpersonalthings.Myparentsdon'tusuallysetrulesforme,andsinceI'magooddaughter,theyneverpunishme.Recently,wemovedtoanewflatandIlikeitverymuch.It'smuchbiggerthanourlastone.ButIfeelverylonelywhenmyparentsareawayfromhome.Ihopetheycansparetimewithme.Iseldomfeelhappyinmyfamily.一EmilyIliveonafruitfarm.Wehavelotsofpeartreesandsomeappletrees.Ihavetohelpmyparentsallthroughtheyear.Thebusiesttimeisinlatesummer,whenthefruitisreadytobepicked.Atthistimeofyear,weusuallygetupat4:30inthemorning,startpickingat5:00andcarryonworkinguntillateafternoon.Mymotherwouldbringlunchforustohaveunderthetrees.Attheendoftheday,wearealltiredandsleepy.Ittakesaboutfiveweekstopickallthefruiteveryyear.Atnight,thefruitwouldbecarefullypackedintoboxesandthenputontotrucks.Thetruckstakeittothemarketstobesold.Sometimeswerideinthetruckstothecity.Forfarmboys,thatisaveryexcitingtime.Tiredthough,weareveryhappytobewithfamilyandsharethehappiness.—David10．WhoexpectsEmilytodothehouseworkinherfamily?A．Hermother. B．Herfather. C．Hergrandfather. D．Nobody.11．Emilyoftenfeelsunhappyinherfamilybecause______________.A．herhouseistoobigB．herparentsdon'tlikeherC．herparentsalwayspunishherD．herparentsseldomspendtimewithherathome12．WhenisthebusiesttimeforDavid'sfamily?A．Inwinter. B．Inspring.C．Inlatesummer. D．Inearlysummer.13．Thistextismainlyabout_____________.A．study B．familylifeC．schoolactivities D．relationshipswithparentsPassage4（2021·辽宁大东·一模）Igrewupinafamilyof12(10childrenandparents)andalargefamilyofgrandparents,aunts,uncles,andcousins.Neighborswereinandoutofeachother’shomesatanygivenhourofanyday,foryears!Everybodywas“family”.Theymarriedfreely—thatis,topeoplefromanycountry.Soitwascommontohearpeopletalkingbutnotsurewhattheywerespeaking—therewereItalianandFrenchmixedwithEnglish,EasternEuropeanaccents(口音)withAsianEnglish.IlaterlearnedSpanishwhilelivinginNewYorkCityandmarriedaJapanesemanwhocouldspeakEnglish.Oneday,myhusbandreceivedaletterfromafriendfromJapanwhohehadn’tseeninmanyyears.Thisfriendwasvisitingourcityandweplannedtomeet.Whenwefinallymet,wediscoveredthathisfriendhadbeeninSouthAmericaformanyyearsandspokeonlyJapaneseandSpanish.SohespoketomeinSpanishandtomyhusbandinJapanese;IspoketohiminSpanishandtomyhusbandinEnglish;andmyhusbandspoketomeinEnglishandtohisfriendinJapanese.Wedidthisforaboutanhour!Itwasfun.Theseexperiencestaughtmetheimportanceoflearningothertypesoflanguage.Icanunderstandotherpeoplewhospeakadifferentlanguage—languageofsomeonewhoseexperiencehastakenthemdownaroadverydifferentfrommine.14．Inthewriter’sopinion,alargefamilyrefersto________.A．tenchildrenandtheirparentsB．grandparents,aunts,uncles,andcousinsC．neighborswhoplayedtogetherD．peoplewhomarriedfreelyeverywhere15．Whereisthewriter’shusbandfrom?A．Japan. B．America. C．England. D．France.16．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectwayofcommunicationamongthethreepersons?(Astandsfortheauthor;Hstandsforthewriter’shusband;Fstandsforhusband’sfriend)A．AandHinEnglish;FandHinSpanishB．AandFinJapanese;HandFinSpanishC．AandHinEnglish;FandAinJapaneseD．AandFinSpanish;HandFinJapanese17．Thelastparagraphseemstotellusthatlanguages________.A．arespokeneverywhere B．canbeeasilyunderstoodC．helpusopennewdoors D．areeveryone’sexperiencesPassage5（2021·浙江浙江·模拟预测）IcouldsmelltheturkeycookingwhenIwasinmybedroom.Iheardthemtalkinghappily.SomuchchangedwhenmynewstepsisterJenandstepmothercametolivewithusSomeoneknockedonmydoorandasked,“DoyouwanttotakeJenskating?"ItwasDad.“Iguess.”Ianswered,thinkingabouthowDadandIusuallyspentThanksgivingDay—buildingalargesnowman.WhenIopenedthedoor,Dadhuggedme.“We'llmakethatsnowmanlater,”hepromised.ButIwasn'tsurewe'dhavetime.“Didyougoskatingalotlastyear?”IaskedJenwhenwewalkedonthesnow.Jenshookherhead,“Ilivedinthesouthandthereisn'tmuchsnow.OnThanksgiving,MomandIalwayswenttovisitsomefriendsonafarm.Ilovedseeingtheirbigturkeys.”Icouldtellshewassad.IneverthoughtabouthowJenwouldfeeluntilthen.Shenotonlyhadanewstepfatherandstepbrother;shehadanewtownandhome,too.Foralongtimeaftershemovedin,webothsatinaroombutnevertalkedwitheachother.Suddenly,Ididn'tfeelthatsorryformyself.IwantedtodosomethingspecialandJenlikedmyidea.Wemadeabigsnowballfirst.ImadeanothersmalleroneandJenstartedmakinganicyconetoputonit.Weweresobusythatwedidn'thearourparentscomeoutside.“Whatabigturkey!”saidMom.“Ithoughtwecouldmakeitbetter.”ShemixedsomefoodcoloringwithwaterandDadcoloreditstail.IgaveJenmynewscarfandsheputitarounditsneck.“ThanksforcheeringJenup,”saidMom,carefullytouchingmyarm.“You'reagoodbrother.”Ibegantoknowhowmuchshecaredabouteveryoneinournewfamily.Whenwefinished,manypeoplestoppedby.“Didyoumakethatyourself?”theyasked.“Yep.It'safamilytradition.”Ianswered,andDadsmiledatme.Ithelpedmerememberthateverythingcouldstillworkoutevenifithadtochange.18．Howdidthewriter,feelwhenhewasinthebedroom?A．Unhappy. B．Tired. C．Afraid. D．Strange19．Whatwasthewriter'sideatomakeJenhappy?A．Tovisitafarm B．Togetheranewscarf.C．Togoiceskating D．Tomakeasnowturkey20．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat_________.A．thewriteralwaystriedtobeagoodbrotherB．thewriter'sdadwasgoodatmakingthesnowmanC．JenmayhaveahardtimewiththenewfamilyatfirstD．thewriter'sstepmotherdidn'tknowaboutthefamilytradition21．Whydidthewritersay“It'safamilytradition”atlast?A．HealwayslikedbuildingthesnowmanB．Hestartedtoenjoythelifewithhisnewfamily.C．Helovedhisfamilyandhopednothingwouldchange.D．HelikedspendingThanksgivingwithhisdadinanoldwayPassage6（2021·山东东阿·二模）Musiccanchangepeople’slives.ReginadelCarmenSanchez,14,alwaysbelievesthis.ThegirlfromKansasCity,theUS,livesahardlife.Shelivesinasmallhousewithhermomandgrandparents.Hermomonlygetslittlemoneyeverymonth.Butitdoesn’tstopSanchez’sloveformusic.ShewroteherfirstsongKeepYourHeadUpwhenshewas12.Itwasaboutherhardlife,butitalsoshowedherhope:“Myhouseisoldandpoor,butitbeats(胜过)beinghomeless...Loveyourselfandnevergiveup.You’llseeabetterlifeifyoukeepyourheadup...”IttookSanchezafewmonthstofinishthesong.Sometimesduringabreakinclass,whensomewordscameintoherhead,“Iwouldhavetowritethemdownrightthen,”shetoldthenewspaperTheKansasCityStar.JeremyLilligwasaworkerofacharity(慈善机构).Afterhearingthewonderfulsong,hewasdeeplymovedbytheyounggirl.ThecharitygavemoneytopoorstudentsinKansasCity.Sanchezsaid,“Iwanttohelppeopleunderstandwhatishappeningintheworld,inaneasyway.”22．Thereare________peopleinSanchez’sfamily.A．three B．four C．five D．six23．What’strueaboutKeepYourHeadUp?A．Itwaswrittentwoyearsago.B．Itshowedthehappinessofafamily.C．Itshowedafeelingofhopelessness.D．IttookSanchezafewweekstowritethesong.24．TheKansasCityStarisa________.A．amusicgroup B．anewspaper C．acharityfund(基金) D．aschool25．Theunderlinedword“moved”means“________”.A．惊喜的 B．感兴趣的 C．感动的 D．欣喜的26．Thebesttitleofthepassagecanbe“________”.A．PoorhomeisbetterthanbeinghomelessB．Let’shelppoorstudentsC．Somethingchangesthegirl’slifeD．AgirlandhersongPassage7（2021·山东广饶·二模）MyfatherdiedwhenIwasfive.Itwashardonusall.Mybrother,whoiseightyearsolderthanme,begantotakecareofmymotherandme.Hetookonmoreresponsibilitiesthanexpected.Irememberhemadesuretherubbishwastakenout,andtheyardwascleaned.Hedidonhisown,withoutbeingtoldtodoso.Becauseofmyfather’sdeath,Momhadtogetafull-timejob.Brotherwouldgetmeupforschoolandmakemebreakfast.WhileIwaseating,hewouldlayoutmyclothes,makemybed,andgathermyschoolbooksup.Handinhandwewouldwalktothebusstop.Aswewaited,hewouldplaygamesmyfatherusedtoplaywithme.Whenwereturnedhomefromschool,wewerealoneforabouthalfanhour,untilMomwashomefromwork.BeforeIdidmyhomework,hewouldpreparesomethingforMomtocookdinner.Momwouldgreetuswithahugandkiss.Thiswasourtimetohavesomefunoutside.Thiswasmybrother’stimetobeakid.OneSaturdayinJuneseveralyearslater,mymotherandIwereatastorewheretheFather’sDaycardsweresold.Istaredatthecards.Momsaid,“Cindy,Iknowthisishardtimeforyou.”“No,Mom.That’snotit.Whydon’ttheyhaveBrother’sDaycards?”Shesmiled,“You’reright,yourbrotherhasexactlybeenafathertoyou.Goaheadtochooseacard.”Ididso,andonFather’sDay,mymotherandIsatmybrotherdownandgavehimthecard.Ashereadit,Isawthetearsinhiseyes.Momsaid,“Son,yourfatherisproudofyou,seeingthatheraisedagoodman,andthatyoudoyourbesttofillhisshoes.Weloveyouandthankyou.”27．Whoaskedthebrothertotakeonmoreresponsibilities?A．Thefather. B．Themother. C．Hehimself. D．Thewriter.28．Whatdidthebrotherdoforthewholefamily?①Hegotthewriterupforschool.②Hepreparedfordinner.③Hedidthedisheseveryday.④Hegatheredupthewriter’sbooks.⑤Heplayedgameswiththewriter.⑥Hegotafull-timejob.A．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．①③④⑤ D．②③⑤⑥29．Whendidthewriter’sbrotherreturntobeakid?A．Whenheplayedgameswiththewriteratthebusstop.

eB．Whenhereceivedacardfromthewriter.C．Whenheserveddeliciouscookiesandmilk.D．WhenhehadfunoutsideafterMomcameback.30．Howdidthewriter’sbrotherfeelwhilereadingthecard?A．Down. B．Embarrassed. C．Moved. D．Angry.31．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．MyChildhood. B．MySecondFather C．AValuablecardD．ACarefulMotherPAGE14PAGE13参考答案1．A2．C3．D4．C【分析】文章大意：本文节选自《铁路少年》，讲述了三个幸运的孩子在爸爸被捕前过着幸福的生活，爸爸被捕后，妈妈带着他们被迫搬到铁路附近乡下的故事。1．细节理解题。根据““We’retakingtheusefulones,”saidMother.”可知，妈妈认为它们是有用的，故选A。2．推理判断题。根据“Fatherworkedhardinagovernmentoffice.Hewasneverangryandalwaysreadyforagame.Motherwasalmostathome,readytoplaywiththechildren,andreadtothem,andhelpthemdotheirhome—lessons.”父亲在政府部门辛勤工作。他从不生气，总是准备好玩游戏。妈妈快到家了，准备和孩子们一起玩，念书给他们听，帮他们做家庭功课。以及“Thesethreeluckychildrenalwayshadeverythingtheyneeded:prettyclothes,goodfires,alovelyplayroomandadogcalledJames.Theyhadahappylife,…”这三个幸运的孩子总是有他们需要的一切：漂亮的衣服，温暖的炉火，一个可爱的游戏室和一只叫詹姆斯的狗。他们过着幸福的生活，……。可知文章中描述了在爸爸离开之前，家里是什么样的，故选C。3．推理判断题。根据“"Oh,Mother,"shewhispered,"howIloveyou!Youarebraveenoughtolaughwhenyou’refeelinglikethat!"“啊，妈妈，”她低声说，“我多么爱你！当你有这种感觉的时候，你有足够的勇气笑出来!””可以推知，妈妈很勇敢，当她难过的时候她还能保持微笑，故选D。4．推理判断题。根据文章内容，爸爸被捕后，妈妈带着他们搬到了铁路附近的乡下，结合“Atthatmomenttheydidn’tknowhowimportantthestationandthetrainswouldbecometothem.Theydidn’tknowtheyweregoingtobetherailwaychildren.在那一刻，他们根本不知道车站和火车对他们会有多么重要。他们不知道他们将成为铁路儿童。”可以推知，在这个故事中，孩子们将会发生一些事情。故选C。5．C6．A7．B8．C9．B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了史密斯夫妇有两个孩子，一个是Kevin，另一个是Jenny。由于比较忙，所以他们经常彼此留便条。本文就是今天他们相互留的四个便条。5．细节理解题。根据ToJenny，It'syourturntowalkourpetdogTeddyandplaywithhimafterschool．珍妮，轮到你今天放学后遛咱们的宠物狗泰迪。可知，Jenny放学后被要求去遛狗。故答案选C。6．细节理解题。根据6：45pm．Toall，Hasanyonefoundmytennisshoes？I'mdoingmyhomeworkinmybedroom．Kevin．可知，时间6：45，有谁见到我的网球鞋，我在卧室做作业。可知，Kevin正在卧室里做作业。故答案选A。7．细节理解题。根据Isawyourshoesthismorning.TheysmeltterriblesoIputthemoutsidethebackdoor.今天早上我看到你的鞋子了。它们闻起来很难闻，所以我把它们放在后门外面。可知，Kevin可以在后门外面找到他的网球鞋。故答案选B。8．细节理解题。根据ToKevin,Mr.Kingrang,tellingthereisnofootballpracticetoday,andheaskedyoutogetreadyforthefootballmatchtomorrow.致Kevin，金先生打电话，说今天不进行足球训练，他让你准备一下明天的足球比赛。可知明天Kevin要参加足球比赛，故答案选C。9．细节推断题。ToKevin,Mr.Kingrang,tellingthereisnofootballpracticetoday,andheaskedyoutogetreadyforthefootballmatchtomorrow.致Kevin，金先生打电话，说今天不进行足球训练，他让你准备一下明天的足球比赛。由此可推知金先生可能是一名教练，故答案选B。10．D11．D12．C13．B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了艾米丽和大卫两位同学的家庭生活及各自的感受。10．细节理解题。题干意为：在艾米丽的家里，谁想让她做家务?根据第一段最后一句“Inmyfamilylife,I'mnotexpectedtodothehousework.”“在我家里，我不用做家务”，可知没有人想让艾米丽做家务，故选D。11．细节理解题。题干意为：艾米丽在家经常不快乐是因为___________。A项：她家房子太大了；B项：她的父母不喜欢她；C项：她的父母总是惩罚她；D项：她的父母很少有时间在家陪她。根据第二段的描述可以排除A、B、C三项，再根据第二段倒数第二句“Ihopetheycansparetimewithme.”可知她希望父母能抽时间陪她。故选D。12．细节理解题。题干意为：对大卫一家来说什么时候是最忙的?根据第四段第一句“Thebusiesttimeisinlatesummer…”可知他们在夏末最忙，故选C。13．主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要是关于___________。文中描述了艾米丽和大卫两个人的家庭生活。故选B。【点睛】（主旨大意题）此类题要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章的主要内容进行归纳与概括。解答这类题时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义。在涉及文章的主题（mainidea）、结论（conclusion）、结局（ending）等有关问题时，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断，从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。“主题句定位法”是一种掌握文章主旨大意行之有效的方法。14．B15．A16．D17．C【分析】本文是作者通过自己的家庭成长环境以及跟丈夫与朋友会面的经历中，感悟到学习其他语言的重要性。14．细节理解题。根据“Igrewupinafamilyof12(10childrenandparents)andalargefamilyofgrandparents,aunts,uncles,andcousins”可知，大家庭是指有祖父母，叔叔，姑姑和表亲这样的家庭，故选B。15．细节理解题。根据“marriedaJapanesemanwhocouldspeakEnglish”可知，作者的丈夫来自日本，故选A。16．细节理解题。根据“SohespoketomeinSpanishandtomyhusbandinJapanese;IspoketohiminSpanishandtomyhusbandinEnglish;andmyhusbandspoketomeinEnglishandtohisfriendinJapanese”可知，作者和这位朋友用西班牙语交流，作者和丈夫用英语交流，丈夫和朋友用日语交流，故选D。17．推理判断题。根据“Icanunderstandotherpeoplewhospeakadifferentlanguage—languageofsomeonewhoseexperiencehastakenthemdownaroadverydifferentfrommine”可知，最后一段想告诉我们语言可以帮助我们打开新的大门，故选C。18．A19．D20．C21．B【分析】在感恩节的时候，以前我会和爸爸一起堆雪人，但是有了继母后，爸爸只能帮忙做饭，我总是感到有些东西改变了。和妹妹出去滑雪的交谈中，我意识到她们生活发生的改变比我的更大。最后我改变了我的心态。18．推理判断题。根据第四段“WhenIopenedthedoor,Dadhuggedme.“We'llmakethatsnowmanlater,”hepromised.ButIwasn'tsurewe'dhavetime.”可推测出，作者为不能出去堆雪人而不高兴。故选A。19．细节理解题。根据文中“IwantedtodosomethingspecialandJenlikedmyidea.Wemadeabigsnowballfirst…Weweresobusythatwedidn'thearourparentscomeoutside.‘Whatabigturkey!’saidMom.”可知，作者让Jen高兴的方法就是堆一只雪火鸡。故选D。20．推理判断题。根据文中“IneverthoughtabouthowJenwouldfeeluntilthen.Shenotonlyhadanewstepfatherandstepbrother;shehadanewtownandhome,too.Foralongtimeaftershemovedin,webothsatinaroombutnevertalkedwitheachother.”可知，Jen在有了新家庭后，起初过得并不愉快，C选项表述正确。故选C。21．推理判断题。根据文中“Ibegantoknowhowmuchshecaredabouteveryoneinournewfamily.”及文章最后“andDadsmiledatme.Ithelpedmeremembe