2022中考热点题型归纳与变式练 专题11 句子种类（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE22022中考热点题型归纳与变式练专题11句子种类【题型一】疑问句【典例分析】1.-doyougotothesportsclub?－Atleastonceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Howfar2.-doyoulikeHuoZun'snewsong?－Verymuch.YouknowIlovesongsthatbothhavegreatlyricsandbeautifulmusic.A.WhyB.HowC.WhenD.What-Didyouusetohavelonghairorshorthair,Sally?-.A.Yes,IdidB.No,Ididn'tC.LonghairD.Curlyhair【提分秘籍】1.一般疑问句用yes,no来回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句。基本结构为：“be动词＋主语＋表语＋其他？”或“助动词／情态动词＋主语＋谓语＋其他？”。肯定回答用“Yes,主语＋be动词／助动词／情态动词”；否定回答用“No,主语＋be动词／助动词／情态动词＋not”。－Excuseme.Isthereabanknearhere?打扰一下，这附近有银行吗？－No,thereisn't.ButyoucanfindoneonYangfangRoad.不，没有。但是在阳方路上有一家。2.特殊疑问句由疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时不能用yes或no.基本结构为：“特殊疑问代词（作主语）＋be动词／助动词／情态动词＋谓语动词＋其他？”或“特殊疑问词（非主语疑问代词或副词）＋be动词／助动词／情态动词＋（主语）＋谓语动词＋其他？”。例－Whobrokethewindow?谁打破了玻璃？－Jack(brokethewindow).杰克（打破了玻璃）。例Yoursweaterlookssmart.Wheredidyougetit?你的毛衣看起来很好看。你从哪里买的？3.选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上的情况要对方进行选择的疑问句叫作选择疑问句。回答时不能用yes或no,要根据事实作答。这种句式实际上是由or连接的两个一般疑问句。－AreyouBritishorFrench?你是英国人还是法国人？－French.法国人。【对点变式练】1．（2021·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）—________you________toJim’sbirthdaypartylastnight?—Yes,Iwas.ButIwastoobusytobethere.A．Did;invited B．Were;invite C．Was;invited D．Were;invited2．（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题）—MayIparkmycarhere?—No,you________.Can’tyouseethesign?A．mustn’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t3．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）—________canyoufinishreadingthisEnglishbook?—Inaboutoneandahalfhours.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．How

long D．How

fast4．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）—________issingingoverthere?—Mysister.Shelikessinging.A．How B．Who C．What D．When5．（2021·吉林长春·中考真题）—DoyouoftengotoJingyuePark,bycarorbybike?—________Ithinkit’sgoodfortheenvironmentandourhealth.A．Yes,Ido B．No,Idon’t C．Bybike D．Bycar【题型二】反意疑问句【典例分析】1.Hecanhardlystayawakebecauseheissotired,？A.doesheB.isn'theC.can'theD.canhe2.Idon'tthinkshewillagreewithus,？A.willsheB.won'tsheC.don'tyouD.doyou【提分秘籍】1.反意疑问句的概念、构成反意疑问句是由一个陈述句与一个简短的一般疑问句（又称附加问句）构成，中间用逗号隔开。当反意疑问句的陈述部分为肯定句时，附加问句用否定形式；反之，当陈述部分为否定句时，附加问句用肯定形式，即“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”。例Alicestayeduplatelastnight,didn'tshe?爱丽丝昨晚熬夜到很晚，是吗？2.使用反意疑问句时需注意的问题（1)陈述部分有no,never,few,seldom,hardly,little等具有否定含义的词时，附加问句用肯定形式。例Theyseldomhavelunchatschool,dothey?他们很少在学校里吃午饭，对吗？（2)陈述部分的主语是I,附加问句要用aren'tI.例I'mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？（3)陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或不定代词everything,anything,nothing等时，附加问句的主语用it.例Everythinggoeswellwithyou,doesn'tit?你一切顺利，是吧？（4)陈述部分的主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,noone等时，附加问句的主语强调全体时，用they;强调个体时，用he.例Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?/doesn'the?人人都知道答案，是这样吧？（5)陈述部分是therebe结构时，附加问句的主语仍用there.例Thereislittlewaterinthelake,isthere?湖里几乎没有水，是吗？（6)肯定的祈使句的反意疑问句的附加问句用willyou或won'tyou;否定的祈使句的反意疑问句的附加问句用willyou.以Let's开头的祈使向，附加问句用shallwe;以Letus开头的祈使句，附加问句用willyou.例Listentomecarefully,will/won'tyou?认真听我讲，好吗？（7)含有定语从句、宾语从句的主从复合句，附加问句的主语和谓语通常与主句一致。例Hesaidhewouldcomeherethenextday,didn'the?他说他第二天来这儿，是吗？（8)除述部分主句的主语为I/We,谓语动词为think,believe等，后接宾语从句时，附加问句与宾语从句相对应，但注意从向中的否定转移现象。Idon'tthinkhelikesplayingfootball,doeshe?我认为他不喜欢踢足球，对吗？【对点变式练】1．（2021·上海·中考真题）Theamusementparkhasreceivedmanyvisitors,________?A．hasit B．hasn’tit C．doesit D．doesn’tit2．（2021·黑龙江虎林·中考真题）—Itisrudetoaskdirectquestions,________?—Yes,butIthinkit’sOKtoyourclosefriends.A．isn’tit B．doesn’tit C．doesit3．（2021·江苏·苏州市立达中学校二模）—She’sneverseenthefilmbefore,________?—________.Shewantstoseeitagain.A．isshe;Yes,sheis B．isn’tshe;No,sheisn’t C．hasshe;Yes,shehas D．hasn’tshe;No,shehasn’t4．（2021·云南昭阳·一模）—Marydidn'tcometoschoolyesterday,didshe?—,thoughshewasnotfeelingverywell.A．Yes,shedid B．No,shedidn't C．Yes,shedidn't D．No,shedid.5．（2021·内蒙古回民·二模）—YourauntnevertravelledtoWuhanbefore,________?—________,thoughitisthefirsttime,shethoughtitwasanunforgettableexperienceinherlife.A．hasn’tshe;Yes B．hasn’tshe;No C．hasshe;Yes D．hasshe;No【题型三】祈使句【典例分析】1.Pleaseyourexampapersonceagainbeforehandingthemin.A.goingoverB.wentoverC.gooverD.togoover2.-Sorry,I'mlate.-tellmethebusbrokedownagain!A.NevertoB.NotC.Don'tD.No【提分秘籍】祈使句用来表达命令、请求、劝告等语气。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称，但往往省略。有时为了强调向谁提出要求或发出命令，也可保留主语。1.祈使句的肯定式（1)实义动词原形＋其他成分例Makeyourownrules.给自己制订规则。（2)Let's/Letus+动词原形＋其他成分例Let'sruntothepolicestationonFourthStreet.咱们跑着去第四大街上的警察局吧。例Letushaveanothertry.请让我们再试一下。2.祈使句的否定式（1)Don't/Never+实义动词原形＋其他成分例Don'tbuyyourticketfromaticketmachine.Therearelotsofpeoplethere.不要从售票机上买票。那儿的人太多了。Neverjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.绝不能以貌取人。（2)Let's/Letus+not+动词原形＋其他成分例Let'snottellhimthetruth.我们不要把实情告诉他。【对点变式练】1．（2021·山东济南·中考真题）—________swiminthisriver.It’squitedeep.—Thanksfortellingme.A．No B．Not C．Don’t D．Doesn’t2．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）________tousesunglassestostopthesunfromshiningdirectlyinyoureyes.A．Remembering B．Toremember C．Remember D．Notremember3．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Ifyouwanttogetgoodgrades,________inasmucheffortaspossible.A．putting B．put C．toput D．puts4．（2021·吉林长春·中考真题）Writedowntheseusefulsentences,________you’llforgetthem.A．and B．or C．but D．so5．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）________itover,andyouwillbeabletoworkouttheproblem.A．Thinking B．Tothink C．Think【题型四】感叹句【典例分析】terriblenews!Threeofusdidn'tpasstheexam.本题来自四川巴中“联通”A.WhatB.HowC.Whatausefulrobot!Itcanhelpwiththehouseworklikeahumanservant.A.HowB.WhatanC.HowaD.Whatabigsuccessthecharityshowwas!Wecollectedalotofschoolthings.A.HowB.WhatC.HowaD.Whata【提分秘籍】感叹句通常由what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹等感情。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。感叹句的结构有：（1)How+形容词／副词＋主语＋谓语！（2)How+形容词／副词＋a/an+单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！（3)What+a/an+形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！（4)What+形容词＋复数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！（5)What+形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！例Howinterestingthemovieis!这部电影真有趣！例Howcleveraboyheis!他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊！例Whatusefulbooksyoubought!你买的书真有用！【对点变式练】1．（2021·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—________nicemusiclessonMrsWugaveustoday!—Yes.Weenjoyeditverymuch.A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa2．（2015·吉林·中考真题）—_________sunnydayitis!—Yes,it’sgoodforhiking.A．How B．What C．Whata D．Whatan3．（2016·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—WearegoingtotakepartinRunningMan.—______excitingnews!A．What B．Whatan C．How D．Howan4．（2020·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）__________interestingstoriestheyare!A．Whatan B．How C．What5．（2019·辽宁·中考真题）Look

at

the

blue

sky．______

fine

weather

it

is!A．How B．How

a C．What D．What

a【题型五】倒装句【典例分析】1.Acrossfrommyhome,ashopwhichsellsthingsfromforeigncountries.A.itisB.ithasC.thereisD.thatis-Ihavechangedmyjob.-.A.SodoIB.SohaveIC.SoIdoD.SoIhave3.-Kunmingisreallyacomfortablecitytolivein.-Theweatherispleasant.A.SoitisB.SoisitC.SoitdoesD.Sodoesit4.-I'mnotgoingswimmingthisafternoon.-Ihavetohelpmymotherdosomecleaning.A.SoamIB.SoIamC.NeitheramID.NeitherIam【提分秘籍】1.therebe句型therebe句型表示“某地有某物或某人”，结构是“Therebe(not)+主语＋地点状语”，一般疑问句形式是将be提前。在therebe句型中，be动词的单复数取决于离它最近的那个主语。例－Isthereamaponthewall?墙上有一张地图吗？－Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.是的，有。／不，没有。例Thereisadeskandtwochairsintheroom./Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.房间里有一张桌子（两把椅子）和两把椅子（一张桌子）。辨析：therebe和have的区别therebe表示“存在关系”，强调的是一种客观存在的事实。Have表示“所属关系”，强调的是某人“拥有，占有”某物。2.so,neither/nor引导的倒装结构这类句型用于说明前句所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物。前句是肯定句用so引导，表示“某人或某物也···.··”；前句是否定句用neither/nor引导，表示“某人或某物也不···..·”。（1)So+助动词／be-动词／情态动词＋主语例－Petershuthismouthatthemeetingallthetime.HowaboutTom?彼得在会上一直不说话。汤姆呢？－Sodidhe.他也是。（2)Neither/Nor+助动词／be动词／情态动词＋主语例－IhaveneverbeentoHawaii.WhataboutMike?我从来没去过夏威夷。迈克呢？－Neitherhashe.他也没去过。【对点变式练】1．（2020·江苏常州·中考真题）Tothewestofourschool__________somebookstoresandapark.A．lies B．lie C．has D．have2．（2021·云南·三模）At10:00tonightthere_____abasketballmatchontheplaygroundbetweenthemandus.A．isgoingtohave B．aregoingtohave C．aregoingtobe D．isgoingtobe3．（2021·黑龙江大庆·二模）—Ithinktheplanisjustawasteoftime.Whatdoyouthink?—Well,ifyoudon’tsupporttheplan,________.A．neitherdoI B．sodoI C．neitherwillI D．sowillI4．（2021·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市碾子山区教师进修学校一模）—Johnsingswellinourschool.—________Henry,mybestfriend.Heisalsopopular!A．Sodoes B．Neitherdoes C．Sois5．（2021·云南·三模）—Sheiswateringflowers.Whataboutyou?—________.A．SodoI B．SoamI C．SoIdo D．SoIam1．（2021·山东滨州·中考真题）—MustIstudymedicineandbeadoctorlikeyou,Dad?—No,you______,son.You’refreetomakeyourowndecision.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t2．（2021·四川自贡·中考真题）—________Itakeaseathere?—No,youcan’t.They’reonlyfortheoldandchildren.A．May B．Must C．Will3．（2021·中考真题）—________willtheplanetakeoff?—Inhalfanhour.A．Howlong B．Howsoon C．Howoften D．Howfar4．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）________areyoudoinghere,baby?Youmustgotobed.It’slate.A．What B．Who C．When D．Where5．（2019·广西贺州·中考真题）—Doyoulikerockmusicorcountrymusic?—________.IlikeBeijingopera.A．Either B．None C．Both D．Neither6．（2021·江苏姜堰·二模）—Yourclassmateshaven’twatchedthenewfilmCliffWalkers(《悬崖之上》)directedbyZhangYimouyet,________?—________.Butweplantowatchitthisweekend.A．haven’tthey;SowillI B．havethey;SohaveIC．haven’tthey;NeitherwillI D．havethey;NeitherhaveI7．（2021·江苏扬州·一模）—Imustgotoschooltoday,________?—No,you________.Youcangoassoonasyougetwell.A．mustn’tI;needn’t B．needn’tI;needn’tC．mustn’tI;mustn’t D．needn’tI;mustn’t8．（2021·上海青浦·二模）Mr.Brown’slivedinthesmalltownnearthebeachforyears,_______?A．doesn’t B．isn’the C．can’the D．hasn’the9．（2021·浙江瓯海·一模）—Mikesavedmanyboysintheearthquake,didn’the?—________Heisaheroinourschoolnow!A．Yes,hedid B．Yes,hehas C．No,hedidn’t D．No,hehasn’t10．（2021·上海浦东新·二模）MyunclepreferswatchingCookeryProgrammetocooking,________?A．doeshe B．doesn’the C．ishe D．isn’the11．（2021·贵州毕节·中考真题）—Mike,________playfootballinthestreetnexttime.It’sdangerous.—OK,Iwon’tdothatagain,mom.A．mustn’t B．must C．don’t D．do12．（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题）________atpeoplewhenyoutalk.ThisisapolitewayofcommunicationinChina.A．Look B．Looking C．Tolook D．Looked13．（2021·广西梧州·中考真题）—________yourhandsbeforedinner,Tony.—Noproblem,Mom.A．Wash B．Washes C．Washing D．Towash14．（2021·江苏扬州·三模）_________attentiontothemistakesinyourhomework,fortheyarethefirstmethodtocheckouttheknowledgeyouhavelearned.A．Paid B．Pay C．Paying D．topay15．（2021·山东历城·二模）Sticktoyourdream,________youaresuretogetsuccessintheend.A．or B．but C．and D．so16．（2020·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）—It’sreportedthatLeishenshanHospitalwasbuiltin2week