云南省昆明市2024届高三下学期第二次“三诊一模”英语试题

云南省昆明市2024届高三下学期第二次“三诊一模”英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解Lightingisakeydesignfeatureinyourhomeanddeservesconsideration,whetherit'stobrightenupadullcorneroryou'replanningafullrenovation（翻新）.Here,weputthespotlightonfourkeylightingdesignlayersandhowyoucanusethemtocaptureeveryroomofyourhomeinitsbestlight.GenerallightingThinkofgenerallightingasthebackgroundlayerthatcastsanevenillumination（照明）throughoutaroom,mostcommonlyfromyourceilinglights.Astheseareoftenthemainsourceoflightforaroom,it'swisetohaveflexibleoptionsdependingonthetimeofday,ordesiredbrightnesstosuitthemoodandtheroom'spurposeatthetime.Ambient（氛围的）lightingAmbientlightingisthelayerthataddswarmthandsoftnesstoyourspace.Thinklampbeltunderthekitchenbench,orfloorlampsinthecorner.Useambientlightingwhereyouwanttoencouragerestandcomfort，suchaslivingspacesandbedrooms.TasklightingThenextlayertoconsideristasklightingformorepracticaluses.Thesearebrighterandaredesignedtoilluminateworkplaces,andarealsousedforstudyareas,homeoffices,,bedsidetablesandreadingcorners.AccentlightingAccentlightingisplacedtocreateaspecificlighteffect，suchasdownlightsorspotlightstohighlightartwork，andwashlightsagainstwalls.Thelayeringofaccentlightingcanbeusedtohighlightarchitecturaldetailsandisanartfulwaytocreatefocusandplaywithlightinyourspace.1．Whatisthemajorfunctionofgenerallighting?A．Brighteningadarkcorner. B．Refreshingthesurroundings.C．Lightinguptheentireroom. D．Addingwarmthandsoftness.2．Whereistasklightingusuallyplaced?A．Besidethestudytable.B．Underthekitchenbench.C．Inthemiddleoftheceiling.D．Onthewallofthehallway.3．Whichlightingcanhighlightafocusartfully?A．Generallighting. B．Ambientlighting.C．Tasklighting. D．Accentlighting.阅读理解InTakomaPark,Maryland,insuburbanWashington,people,adultsorstudents,linedupatapayphoneoutsidearestaurantseveraltimesaweek."OnceIputthephoneoutthere,itjusttookoff,"saidDavidSchulman,aTakomaParkviolinistwhocreatedtheBirdCallsPhone.Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron（夜鹭），7tohearapileated（红冠）woodpecker'scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.Instructionsabouthowtousethephoneareinthreelanguages:English,SpanishandAmharic-areflectionofTakomaPark'sEthiopiancommunity.Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.Inadditiontobeingfun,listeningtoBirdsongscanreducestressandanxiety,studiesshow.Evenhearingrecordingsofbirdscanrelievenegativeemotions.Afternoticinganabandoned,nonworkingpayphoneintown,Schulmanwonderedifhecouldturnitintosomethingappealing.Hesaid,"Ireallyliketheoldtechnologyofjustpickingupareceiver,pressingonebuttonandhavingsomethinghappen."Schulmanthoughtbringingbirdssoundstotheabandonedphonewasawaytoaddabitofnaturetotheneighborhood.TakomaParkcityofficialsagreed,andtheybudgeted$5,000tocompletetheproject.SchulmanreachedouttoTheMcCaulayLibraryinIthaca,NewYork,whichagreedtosendhimafewdozenrecordingsofnativebirds.HethenmanagedtogainthehelpofsoftwareengineerandartistBrandenHalltorewirethephonetoplaydifferentbirdcalls.Schulmansaidhepersuadedseveralofhisfriendstorecordshortdescriptionsofeachbirdtogowiththecalls."OnethingIlikeabouttheBirdCallsPhoneisthatit'stheoppositeofaloudbroadcast,"Schulmansaid."Onlyonepersoncanlistenatatime,andeachpersonwilltakeawaytheirownuniqueexperience."4．Whatwilllistenersheariftheypressbuttonsonthepayphone?A．Thecallsofnativebirds.B．Songsindifferentlanguages.C．Descriptionsoflocalcreatures.D．Instructionsonreducingstress.5．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDavidSchulman?A．Observantandnature-loving. B．Diligentandeasy-going.C．Seriousandpublic-spirited. D．Ambitiousandkind-hearted.6．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheproject?A．Itencouragesartappreciation.B．Itpresentstheharmonyamongbirds.C．Itturnsloudbroadcastsintoprivatephones.D．Itreceivesbroadsupportfromthecommunity.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AViolinistSpecializesinEcologyB．PickupthePhone,HearBirdsongsC．ClosetoNature,FarFromDepressionD．TurnTrashintoTreasureinWashington阅读理解Rushingdownthepath,thetraceur（跑酷者）isonthelookoutforhisnextobstaclessuchasfireescapes,walls,orfences.Assoonasherealizesamassivebrickwallstandsbetweenhimandwherehewantstobe,heunintentionallygrabsonthewallwithhishandsandliftshimselftostandontopofit.Hisnextmoveisajumpthatlandshimbackonsolidground;however,noticingthatheisunstable,herollstoavoidinjury.Traceursareathleteswhoperformremarkablegymnasticsactionsinurbanenvironments.SerioustraceursarefascinatednotjustbythephysicalchallengesofParkour,butbyitsphilosophy.ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.Becauseofthesephilosophicalfoundations,Parkourisoftendescribedbytraceursasmoreofalifestyleoranartformthanasport.PassionatetraceursaredeterminedtokeepParkourfrombecomingacompetitiveattempt.Competition,theyargue,devaluesthephilosophicaltheorybehindParkour.PeoplewhopracticeParkourshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeirrelationshiptotheenvironmentthanwithatickingclock,ascore,oracheeringcrowd.Furthermore,traceursshouldworkwitheachothertoimproveconfidence,awareness,andunity.Competition,theyargue,onlybringsaboutfeelingsofconflictanddisharmony.WhileParkourpuristssuggestthatthephilosophybehindParkourhelpstolimitinjuries,theymustrememberthatnoteveryonewhotriestoleapoveramailboxisanexperiencedtraceurtryingtogetintouchwithhisorherenvironment.Adolescentsattemptingtocarryouttheseacrobatic（杂技的）skillscouldseverelyinjurethemselves.SowhilenewcomerstoParkourmightbeeagertoinvestigatethisartofmovement,itwouldbewiseforthemtorememberthephysicalitybehindthephilosophy.Afterall,philosophyisnotmuchgoodtoabrokenleg.8．Whydoestheauthordescribeatraceuratthebeginning?A．ToillustratewhatParkourislike.B．Toteachwaysofavoidinginjuries.C．ToexplaindifferentParkourmoves.D．Tohighlightthepopularityofsports.9．HowcanParkourenhanceatraceur'sself-confidence?A．Bystrengtheningphysicalfitness.B．BywinningParkourcompetitions.C．Bybuildingfaithinconqueringbarriers.D．Bygraspingsomephilosophicaltheories.10．Whatdoweknowaboutseriousandpuretraceurs?A．Theyareawareofhowtotreatinjuries.B．Theysuggestindividualeffortsinthesport.C．Theystresstherelationshiptotheenvironment.D．Theyaremoreconcernedwithremarkableactions.11．Whatdoestheauthoradvisenewcomerstodo?A．Facephysicalchallengesboldly.B．Learnfromexperiencedtraceurs.C．Startfromleapingoveramailbox.D．Considertheriskofsevereharm.阅读理解Whydoweuniversallyappreciatecartoons?Becausetheyarevisual-thehumorunfoldsrightbeforeoureyes.Aswriters,wehaveauniquechallengetocraftworlds,includinghumorousones,usingonlywords.Atfirstglance,writersandcartoonistshavevastlydifferenttoolboxesandskillsets.Butifyoulookclosely,youwilnoticesimilardevices,suchassimplification,exaggeration（夸张），andcontrast.Inmanyliteraryforms,decorationenrichesapiece.That'snottrueforhumorwriting-humorcangetlostwithtoomanydetails.Addingabitofshadingwillgivedepthtoanillustration,yetthere'susuallynoneedtodetaileveryfeature.There'sathinlinebetweenplainandfunny,andthedifferenceoftenliesinwhetherawriteradherestotheuniversalcomedicprinciple,"lessisfunnier."Bysimplifyingcomplexsituations,characters,plots,andreactions,yourworkbecomesmoredigestibleandhumorous.Exaggerationisoneofthemoststraightforwardandeffectivecomedictools.Asahumorwriter,don'tshyawayfromeverychancetostretchthetruth,whetherbyunderstatementoroverstatement.However,effectivehumoristruthbased.Therelationshipbetweenexaggerationandrealisminhumorislikestretchingarubberband（橡皮筋）.Alittlestretching,evenrepeatedstretching,isnoproblem.However,overstretchingthebandwillcauseittobreak,aswellasthehumorandthereader'strust.Contrastingisthejuxtaposition（并列）ofelementsnotusuallycoupled,atechniquethatcartoonistsusetocreatehumorousmismatchesbyplacingsignificantlydifferentelementssidebyside.Aswriters,wecanusejuxtapositiontobrainstormnewhumoranglesandcreatefunnymismatches.Humorisatitsfunniestwhenit'svisual,andwriterscancraftmorehumorousmaterialbyemployingthesametechniquesusedbycartoonists.Bythinkingandwritingvisually,youcanshowthefunnytoreaders.12．Whatdowritersandcartoonistshaveincommoninexpressinghumor?A．Theycraftworldsliterally.B．Theyfocuscloselyondetails.C．Theyemploytechniquesalike.D．Theygetthroughtoreaderseasily.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"adheresto"inparagraph3probablymean?A．Break. B．Follow. C．Revise. D．Challenge.14．Whatisawaytoachievehumouraccordingtotheauthor?A．Overstatingsimplesituations.B．Shyingawayfromthetruth.C．Reducingthenumberofcharacters.D．Combininguncoupledelements.15．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Areviewofmoderncartoons.B．Anessayontheartofwriting.C．Anintroductiontopaintingskills.D．Aguidebookforpassionatereaders.二、第一部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'scommontocommunicatebywayoftext,andthatworkswellforeverythingfromsettingplanswithafriendtoaskingyoutopickupagroceryitem.16．.Fightingovertext,cancauseproblemsandcanevenbreakupfriendshipsorpartnerships.Ahead,we'llexaminewhy.•There'snovocaltoneinvolvedWhenwespeak,thepersonwe'retalkingtocantellhowseriousorlightwearebyourtone.17．.Everythingisflatinwriting,sowithoutvocaltonetoclarify,it'seasytoassumetheworstinsomeoneandtheirintentions.•18．Wealsocommunicateinpersonthroughnonverbalways.Howweactphysicallyletsothersknowhowwefeel.Andwithoutthatintext,anargumentcanbeworsenedtoaterriblepointwithoutonepersonevenbecomingawareofhowupsettheotheris.•Differentcommunicationpacesaffectalot19．.Andwhenarguing,itcangetevenfaster.Ithappensnottoreadallofaperson'sreplybeforeyourespondagain,andthemoreupsetyouget,theharderitmaybetoexpressyourselfclearlyortounderstandthepersonyou'refightingwith.•EmojisandgifscanbehurtfulInthesamewaythatvisualcommunicationtoolslikeemojisandgifscanaddfuntoconversations,theycanalsomakethingsmuchworseinatextdisagreement.Itcanbechallengingtoknowwhenyou'vetakenemojisorgifstoahurtfulplace,especiallyiftheotherpersonholdsinthatinformationanddoesn'ttellyouatthemoment.20．A.BodylanguageisabsentB.Text,ontheotherhand,hasnotoneC.Long-termhealthyrelationshipscollapseD.Textingisgenerallyaquickback-and-forthexchangeE.ThishappensifheisfeelingunsafeinthediscussionF.However,wemayhavetakencommunicationbytexttoofarG.Ourtonetellsusaconversationisheadinginthewrongdirection三、第二部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。"Who'sthat,Grandma?"Four-year-oldTaylorpointedtoadelicategoldphotoframeIhadplacedonmydesk."That'sgreat-grandmaGladys,"Ireplied.I21．thepicture,myfingerscarefullytracingtheoutlineofthefamiliarfacereturningmygaze（凝视）：herclearblueeyes,thewrinklelinesthat22．herforeheadandthetendersmilethatalwayscomfortedme.Mymindwasfilledwithremembrancesofmymother.Alwaysthe23．,itseemedshenevermadeanyoneangry.Eventhoughshewas24．ablephysically,shebaby-satmyyoungdaughtersoIcouldwork.Shealwaysmade25．forhergrandchildren.Evenwhenshewasn'twiththem,shewasmakingsomethingforthemwithherhands.Thenherillness26．.Thedoctorwantedtoexperimentwitha（an）27．thatmightgiveheranotheryearoflife.Sheagreedsoshecouldbearoundto28．herlong-awaitedfirstgreat-grandchild.Thesurgery29．.Severalweekslater,Mompassedaway,exactlyamonthbeforeTaylor'sbirth.Stillingreat30．,Itraveledfivehundredmilestobewithmyfamilyandwelcomemynewgrandson.Afewdayslater,asI31．Taylorgentlytohelphimsleep,suddenlyIunderstoodwhyshewasso32．takingcareofforourfamily.Herloveforuswassodeepandso33．-aloveIwasonlybeginningtolearntogive."Shelookslikeyou,Grandma!"Taylor'svoicebroughtmebacktothe34．.Hetouchedthegold-framedphototenderly.Myeyesturnedtohis,anda35．smilecametomylipsandheart,forthenIknewmymother'sloveandpeace.It'salegacy（遗产）oflove.21．A．reachedfor B．askedforC．threwaway D．putaway22．A．toughened B．smoothed C．crossed D．shaded23．A．peacemaker B．daydreamerC．fortuneteller D．goalkeeper24．A．slightly B．merely C．thoroughly D．barely25．A．money B．time C．trouble D．room26．A．remained B．disappeared C．relieved D．worsened27．A．examination B．regulation C．operation D．reflection28．A．investigate B．greet C．search D．recognize29．A．paused B．continued C．failed D．worked30．A．sorrow B．danger C．thrill D．debt31．A．grabbed B．rocked C．fixed D．teased32．A．astonishedat B．worriedaboutC．impressedwith D．committedto33．A．unreal B．unbearableC．unreasonable D．unconditional34．A．story B．present C．memory D．destination35．A．soft B．proud C．bitter D．tight四、第二部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Astuffedtoynamed"HappyLoong"fromGansuProvincialMuseumhasrecentlydistinguished36．（it）fromconventionalsouvenirsandcapturedtheheartsoftourists.Modeled37．aMingDynastygolddecorationintheshapeofaloong,orChinesedragon,over1,000ofthesechubby（圆胖的）38．smilingloongtoysweresoldinthefirstweekafterithitthemarketearlierthisyear.Besides"HappyLoong",themuseumsellsstuffedtoys39．（inspire）bytheDunhuangFlyingApsarasandthebronzegalloping（飞驰的）horsefromtheEasternHanDynasty,40．combinerichhistorywiththeappetiteofGeneration-Z.Thisinnovativeapproachtomuseumsouvenirsreflects41．broadertrendofmakingculturalproductsappealingtoyoungChinesemuseum-goers.ThePalaceMuseum'sonlinestore,forinstance,42．（offer）playfulandhumoroussouvenirsfeaturingemperorsinChinesehistory,receivingpositivereviewsfromyoungvisitors.Thesuccessoftheseinnovativesouvenirsliesintheability43．（meet）thedemandsofyoungpeopleseekingrelaxationandindividuality.However,designingtruly44．（create）culturalproductrequiresagoodknowledgeofculturalrelics.Lookingahead,themuseumsouvenirmarketinChinaisexpectedtocontinuegrowing,presentingabundant45．（opportunity）fordesigners.五、第三部分，写作（共两节，满分40分）46．假定你是李华，你在学校举办的"AdversityandCourage"英语演讲比赛中获奖，请给指导外教MissMorton写一封邮件表示感谢。内容包括：

1.感谢指导；

2.个人感悟。注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearMissMorton,……Yours,LiHua47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。DrewandTiasatatapicnictableintheparkonabeautifulfallafternoon.Theairaroundthemwasfilledwiththesoundsofchildrenplaying,dogsbarking,andpeoplelaughingorcallingtooneanother.ButDrewandTiaignoredthesoundsaroundthemandfocusedonthetasktheyhadsetouttocomplete.TheyplannedtostartaschoolgardenatJeffersonMiddleSchool.Initially,ithadbeenDrew'sidea.HehadfirstseenaschoolgardenwhenhewenttovisithiscousinP.J.inWashington.HewasamazedatthevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesthestudentsatP.J.'sschoolgrew."It'salotofwork,"P.J.hadwarned."Butit'salsomyfavoritepartoftheweek.Iloveputtingonmyboots,gettingoutside,andseeingallthenewthingsthathavehappened."WhenDrewreturnedfromhistriptoWashington,hetoldTiaallaboutwhathehadseen.Now,atthetable,theyweredeterminedtocomeupwithaplantobringaschoolgardentoJefferson.DrewopenedhisnotebookandpreparedtorecordanyideastheyhadforconvincingMs.Milano,theschoolprincipal,thatthegardenwasagoodidea."We'regoingtoneedanadulttoguidethewholeoperation,"saidDrewthoughtfully."IknowthatMr.Issacgardensathome.Justlastweekhebroughtinawholebasketoftomatoesandzucchinifromhisgarden.Hemightbewillingtohelp."DrewwrotedownMr.Issac'snameinhisnotebook."Wemightneeddonationstogetthisprojectupandrunning,"addedTia."WecouldtellMs.Milanothatwewouldbewillingtoorganizeayardsaletoraisefunds.""That'sagreatidea,"saidDrew."Ithinkweneedtobeabletopresentherwitharealisticplan.Thatway,Ms.Milanowouldn'tfeelasthoughsheagreedtosomethingunknown."注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Closingthenotebook,theytookaction."Actually,Iwasdoubtfulwhenyoufirstcametome."saidMs.Milano.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．A3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家居照明的四个关键设计层次：一般照明、氛围照明、任务照明和强调照明。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。1．细节理解题。根据Generallighting部分中"Thinkofgenerallightingasthebackgroundlayerthatcastsanevenillumination(照明)throughoutaroom,mostcommonlyfromyourceilinglights.(把普通照明想象成背景层，在整个房间里投射均匀的照明，最常见的是你的天花板灯)"可知，一般照明的主要作用是照亮了整个房间。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据Tasklighting部分中"Thenextlayertoconsideristasklightingformorepracticaluses.Thesearebrighterandaredesignedtoilluminateworkplaces,andarealsousedforstudyareas,homeoffices,bedsidetablesandreadingcorners.(下一层要考虑的是用于更实际用途的任务照明。这些灯更亮，设计用于照亮工作场所，也用于学习区、家庭办公室、床头柜和阅读角)"可知，任务照明用于照亮工作场所，也用于学习区、家庭办公室、床头柜和阅读角，所以通常会放在书桌旁。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据Accentlighting部分中"Accentlightingisplacedtocreateaspecificlighteffect,suchasdownlightsorspotlightstohighlightartwork,andwashlightsagainstwalls.Thelayeringofaccentlightingcanbeusedtohighlightarchitecturaldetailsandisanartfulwaytocreatefocusandplaywithlightinyourspace.(重点照明的放置是为了创造特定的光效果，比如筒灯或射灯来突出艺术品，以及墙壁上的洗灯。强调照明的分层可以用来突出建筑细节，是一种巧妙的方式来创造焦点，并在你的空间里玩光)"可知，强调照明可以巧妙地突出焦点。故选D。【答案】4．A5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。在马里兰州的塔科马帕克市，人们每周几次会在一家餐厅外的付费电话前排队。音乐家DavidSchulman创作了"鸟鸣电话"，让人们可以通过电话听到夜鹭、红冠啄木鸟和红尾鹰等10种当地鸟类的叫声。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。4．细节理解题。根据第二段中"Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鹭),7tohearapileated(红冠)woodpecker'scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.(听众按1键听黄冠夜鹭的叫声，按7键听红冠啄木鸟的叫声，按9键听红尾鹰的独特叫声)"和"Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.(总共有10种生活在塔科马帕克地区的鸟类)"可知，如果听众按下公用电话的按钮，他们会听到本地鸟类的叫声。故选A。5．推理判断题。根据第四段中"Afternoticinganabandoned,nonworkingpayphoneintown,Schulmanwonderedifhecouldturnitintosomethingappealing.(在注意到镇上一个废弃的、不能使用的付费电话后，舒尔曼想知道他是否可以把它变成一个吸引人的东西)"和"Schulmanthoughtbringingbirdssoundstotheabandonedphonewasawaytoaddabitofnaturetotheneighborhood.(舒尔曼认为，把鸟的声音带到废弃的电话里是一种为社区增添自然气息的方式)"可知，DavidSchulman注意到废弃的公用电话，并把它变成"鸟鸣电话"，让人们可以听到当地鸟类的叫声，为社区增添了自然气息。这表明他是一个善于观察，关心自然的人。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第五段中"TakomaParkcityofficialsagreed,andtheybudgeted$5,000tocompletetheproject.SchulmanreachedouttoTheMcCaulayLibraryinIthaca,NewYork,whichagreedtosendhimafewdozenrecordingsofnativebirds.HethenmanagedtogainthehelpofsoftwareengineerandartistBrandenHalltorewirethephonetoplaydifferentbirdcalls.Schulmansaidhepersuadedseveralofhisfriendstorecordshortdescriptionsofeachbirdtogowiththecalls.(塔科马帕克的官员同意了，他们预算了5000美元来完成这个项目。舒尔曼联系了纽约伊萨卡的麦考利图书馆，后者同意给他寄来几十份本地鸟类的录音。然后，他设法获得了软件工程师兼艺术家布兰登·霍尔的帮助，重新连接了电话，以播放不同的鸟叫声。舒尔曼说，他说服他的几个朋友记录下每只鸟的简短描述，以配合叫声)"可知，DavidSchulman的项目得到当地政府、纽约图书馆和朋友的支持，说明该项目得到社会各界的广泛支持。故选D。7．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中"Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鹭),7tohearapileated(红冠)woodpecker'scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.Instructionsabouthowtousethephoneareinthreelanguages:English,SpanishandAmharic—areflectionofTakomaPark'sEthiopiancommunity.Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.(听众按1来听黄冠夜鹭，按7来听红冠啄木鸟的叫声，按9来听红尾鹰的独特叫声。手机的使用说明有三种语言：英语、西班牙语和阿姆哈拉语——反映了塔科马帕克的埃塞俄比亚社区。总共有10种生活在塔科马帕克地区的鸟类)"可知，文章报道了音乐家DavidSchulman创作了"鸟鸣电话"，让人们可以通过电话听到夜鹭、红冠啄木鸟和红尾鹰等10种当地鸟类的叫声，为社区增添了自然气息。由此推知，"PickupthePhone,HearBirdsongs(拿起电话，听鸟儿的歌声)"是文章最佳标题。故选B。【答案】8．A9．C10．C11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍跑酷不仅锻炼身体，还培养自信和批判性思维。文章强调，跑酷是一种生活方式和艺术形式，而非竞技运动。跑酷者主张，关注环境关系胜过竞争。然而，新手在尝试跑酷时应注意锻炼身体，避免受伤。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。8．推理判断题。在第一段"Rushingdownthepath,thetraceur(跑酷者)isonthelookoutforhisnextobstaclessuchasfireescapes,walls,orfences.Assoonasherealizesamassivebrickwallstandsbetweenhimandwherehewantstobe,heunintentionallygrabsonthewallwithhishandsandliftshimselftostandontopofit.Hisnextmoveisajumpthatlandshimbackonsolidground;however,noticingthatheisunstable,herollstoavoidinjury.(跑在小路上时，跑酷者要注意下一个障碍物，如防火梯、墙壁或栅栏。当他意识到一堵巨大的砖墙挡在他和他想去的地方之间时，他无意中用手抓住墙，把自己抬起来站在上面。他的下一个动作是跳跃，使他回到坚实的地面上；然而，他注意到自己身体不稳定，为了避免受伤，他打了个滚)"中，作者详细描述了一个跑酷者的跑酷过程，是为了说明了跑酷是什么样子的。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中"ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.(那些学习跑酷的人声称，他们不仅锻炼了身体健康，还增强了自信和批判性思维能力，因为他们训练自己找到克服道路上每一个障碍的方法)"可知，在跑酷过程中不断克服障碍帮助跑酷者建立了自信。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第二段中"SerioustraceursarefascinatednotjustbythephysicalchallengesofParkour,butbyitsphilosophy.ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.(严肃的跑酷爱好者不仅对跑酷的体能挑战着迷，而且对其理念着迷。那些学习跑酷的人声称，他们不仅锻炼了身体健康，还增强了自信和批判性思维能力，因为他们训练自己找到克服道路上每一个障碍的方法)"和第三段中"Becauseofthesephilosophicalfoundations,Parkourisoftendescribedbytraceursasmoreofalifestyleoranartformthanasport.PassionatetraceursaredeterminedtokeepParkourfrombecomingacompetitiveattempt.Competition,theyargue,devaluesthephilosophicaltheorybehindParkour.PeoplewhopracticeParkourshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeirrelationshiptotheenvironmentthanwithatickingclock,ascore,oracheeringcrowd.(由于这些哲学基础，跑酷经常被跑酷者描述为一种生活方式或一种艺术形式，而不是一项运动。充满激情的跑酷爱好者决心不让跑酷成为一种竞争性的尝试。他们认为，竞争贬低了跑酷背后的哲学理论。练习跑酷的人应该更关注他们与环境的关系，而不是滴答作响的时钟、分数或欢呼的人群)"可知，严肃的跑酷爱好者和纯粹的跑酷爱好者认为跑酷是一种生活方式或一种艺术形式，而不是一项运动。他们更关注自己与环境的关系。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Adolescentsattemptingtocarryouttheseacrobatic(杂技的)skillscouldseverelyinjurethemselves.SowhilenewcomerstoParkourmightbeeagertoinvestigatethisartofmovement,itwouldbewiseforthemtorememberthephysicalitybehindthephilosophy.Afterall,philosophyisnotmuchgoodtoabrokenleg.(青少年在练习这些杂技技巧时可能会严重伤害自己。因此，虽然跑酷新手可能渴望研究这种运动艺术，但他们最好记住这种哲学背后的物理原理。毕竟，哲学对断了腿的人没什么好处)"可知，作者建议跑酷新手要考虑严重伤害的风险。故选D。【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写作中运用卡通创作相似技巧制造幽默的效果。指出简化、夸张和对比是关键。通过简化复杂情节，以少许细节展现幽默；适度夸张，但要基于真实；利用对比创造滑稽错位。写作时需运用视觉思维，展现幽默特质。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中"Atfirstglance,writersandcartoonistshavevastlydifferenttoolboxesandskillsets.Butifyoulookclosely,youwillnoticesimilardevices,suchassimplification,exaggeration(夸张),andcontrast.(乍一看，作家和漫画家拥有截然不同的工具箱和技能。但如果你仔细观察，你会发现类似的手法，比如简化、夸张和对比)"可知，作家和漫画家在表达幽默方面的共同之处在于他们使用简化、夸张和对比等相似的技巧。故选C。13．词义猜测题。根据划线词后"Bysimplifyingcomplexsituations,characters,plots,andreactions,yourworkbecomesmoredigestibleandhumorous.(通过简化复杂的情况、人物、情节和反应，你的作品变得更容易理解和幽默)"可知，简化可以创造幽默。所以"There'sathinlinebetweenplainandfunny,andthedifferenceoftenliesinwhetherawriteradherestotheuniversalcomedicprinciple,"lessisfunnier."(平淡和有趣之间只有一线之隔，而区别往往在于作家是否adheresto喜剧的普遍原则："越少越有趣")"中讲的是，作家要让作品有趣，就需要遵循"越少越有趣"的普遍原则，划线短语adheresto与follow同义，意为"遵守；按照"。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据第五段中"Contrastingisthejuxtaposition(并列)ofelementsnotusuallycoupled,atechniquethatcartoonistsusetocreatehumorousmismatchesbyplacingsignificantlydifferentelementssidebyside.(对比是将通常不相结合的元素并置，漫画家通过将显著不同的元素并排放置来创造幽默的不匹配)"可知，组合不相结合的元素可以创造出幽默。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据第一段"Aswriters,wehaveauniquechallengetocraftworlds,includinghumorousones,usingonlywords.(作为作家，我们有一个独特的挑战来创造世界，包括幽默的世界，只用文字)"、最后一段"Humorisatitsfunniestwhenit'svisual,andwriterscancraftmorehumorousmaterialbyemployingthesametechniquesusedbycartoonists.Bythinkingandwritingvisually,youcanshowthefunnytoreaders.(幽默在视觉上是最有趣的，作家可以通过使用漫画家使用的相同技巧来创作更幽默的材料。通过视觉化的思考和写作，你可以向读者展示有趣的东西)"和文中对三种幽默创作方法的介绍可知，文章探讨了写作中运用卡通创作相似技巧制造幽默的效果。由此推知，本文很可能出自关于写作艺术的文章。故选B。【答案】16．F；17．B；18．A；19．D；20．E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。人们使用文本信息作为交流方式，可能会引发问题，甚至会破坏友谊或伙伴关系。短文分析了其中的原因。

【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。16．根据上文"It'scommontocommunicatebywayoftext,andthatworkswellforeverythingfromsettingplanswithafriendtoaskingyoutopickupagroceryitem."（通过短信交流是很常见的，这对任何事情都很有效，从和朋友制定计划到让