2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题二阅读七选五第三讲依据线索词汇解题

第三讲依据线索词汇解题技法一词汇复现法[题型分析]介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。[技法点拨][典例1](2023·浙江卷1月)Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.38._______Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.[解析]根据下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中的“Thetemperature”与下文中的quitecold对应，此处利用了上下义词复现。[答案]C[典例2](2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)•Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.38._______Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination'slesser-knownsights?A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B．So,shouldwestoptraveling?C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.D．Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You'llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou'revisiting.[解析]根据本段主旨句“Getcreative.”及空后的内容可知，本段鼓励游客去一些地区性或知名度相对较低的景点旅游。E项承上启下，介绍游客能选择的其他旅游地，且该项中的relativelyundiscoveredplaces与下文中的lesser-knownsights构成同义词复现。[答案]E[典例3](2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40._______Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.[解析]空前提到你和你的搭档可能有不同的技能，空后提到随着时间的推移，你和你的搭档都会受益。由此可推断空处应承上启下。different与difference是同源词复现的体现。[答案]F技法二代词指代法[题型分析]代词的使用主要是为了避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。代词指代一定要注意两种情况：1.选项中的代词要特别关注；2.挖空后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。[技法点拨][典例4](2024·浙江卷1月)Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.38.____________“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule，”saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou'reaself-motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.A．Butthatdoesn'tmeantherearen'tdeadlines.B．Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C．Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D．ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.[解析]根据上文中的“Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.”可知，在线学习的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，空处应是与“学习时间或地点”有关的话题，且与上文构成转折关系，选项中that指代上文提到的“studyanywhereandanytime”。[答案]A[典例5](2023·全国乙卷)Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40.____________，”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]空后It指代该空内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并帮助人们增强家与自然的联系。故G项符合语境。[答案]GTest1体裁主题语境难度说明文货币的发展过程★★☆☆☆(2024·南京师大附中一模)Chinahasbeenthebirthplaceofmanyoftheworld'sgreatestinventions.Itwas,forexample,thefirstcountrytoproducepapermoney.Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.1._________Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering(物物交换).2．_________In1200BCE,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(贝壳)asmoney.Usuallytheshellsusedasmoneywereverysmall.Thismadeiteasierforpeopletocarrymoneyoverlongdistances,andallowedfortradetodevelopbetweendifferentpartsofthecountry.Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.3._________Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BCE,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn'tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.4._________By500BCE,metalcoinshadbeguntoappearincountrieslikePersiaandGreece,andlaterintheRomanEmpire.About1，000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806CE,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.5._________A．Peoplealsobegancollectingforeigncoinsassouvenirs.B．Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.C．ItwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrencyappearedinEurope.D．However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.E.Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.F．Astimewentby,tradebetweencountriesincreased.G．Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.【语篇解读】文章介绍了中国的货币的发展过程：由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属圆硬币，最后发明了纸币。中国成为世界上第一个使用纸币的国家。1．B空前提到，在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们用许多不同的东西来进行买卖。B项就是那个时代买卖方式的一个例子，符合语境。2．D根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年，中国人开始使用贝壳作为货币，这就使得携带钱到远方变得容易。所以上一段提到的用实物交换的方式不方便、不实用。D项承上启下，符合语境。3．E根据空前内容可知，在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做，即使用贝壳作为货币。E项符合语境，E项中的They指代空前的othercountries。4．G根据上下文内容可知，货币有了新的发展，即出现了金属货币。G项中的coins在空前空后都有原词复现。G项符合语境。5．C根据空前内容可知，在公元806年，最初的纸币是由中国人制作的。C项中的papercurrency对应空前的paperbanknotes，属于同义词复现。C项符合语境。Test2体裁主题语境难度说明文制定自驾游计划★★★☆☆(2024·广州一模)Someofthebestroadtripsareunplanned.Yousimplygrabafewitems,jumpinacarandsetoff.However,thisapproachinvolvessomerisk.1._________That'swhythefirstruleofroadtripplanningistobringalongwhateveryoumightneedtohavefun.Somefood,aguitar,andacoolerfullofdrinkscangoalongway.Planningaroadtripcanbealmostasfunasthetripitself.Somewell-designedtravelguidesmaybeofgreathelp.2._________Forthelogically-minded,themanagementofspeed,fuel,accommodationandtimingdetailscanpresentarewardingjourney.3．_________Highwaysmakeitpossibletodriveacrossanentirecountrywithoutseeinganythingormeetinganyone.Themoreyouskipfreewaysinfavorofscenichighways,themorelikelyyou'retogetoutofyourtrip.Onceyou'vefiguredoutyourplanroughly,fillinthedetails,andbearinmindthatmapsandsatellitenavigationsystemsarenotalwaysuptodate.4._________Remember,themoreyoupreparenow,thebetterequippedyou'llbeifyoudecidetochangeyourtriplaterorhavetodealwithanunforeseenproblem.Bookingaccommodationandhavingbackupplanscanmakeorbreakatrip,especiallyifyouwanttovisitsomeremotebywayswithlimitedaccommodationopportunities.5._________Insomeare