专题20-读后续写5种常用修辞手法-读后续写高分微技能-(高考新题型)

专题20常用5种修辞手法-读后续写高分微技能序号内容Part1明喻(Simile)Part2暗喻(Metaphor)Part3拟人(Personification)Part4夸张法(hyperbole)Part5平行法(Parallelism)修辞手法(figureofspeech)是根据表达需要，运用有效的语言手段来提高语言的表达效果，使语言表达具有准确性、鲜明性和生动性的语言运用方式。恰当地使用修辞手段，可以使文章更加生动，更具有表现力，蕴意丰富，引人入胜。常用的修辞手法有：夸张(Exaggeration)、明喻(Simile)、暗喻(Metaphor)、拟人(Personification)、平行法(Parallelism)、头韵(Alliteration)、对比(Contrast)、矛盾修辞法(Oxymoron)、双关(Pun)、移情(Empathy)等。对于高中生来说，最好能通过例句，结合具体的语境，体会修辞的表达效果。同时，要求学会欣赏并能模仿造句。学习和运用修辞手法，相信对高考新题型"读后续写"也有帮助。PartI种写作常用提分修辞之明喻明喻Simile是一种最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系。基本构成：本体+比喻词+喻体常见比喻词：like像；as...as和...一样；as就像；asif/though好像；AistoBwhatCistoDA对于B而言就像C对于D而言Icouldn'tmovemylegs.Itwasasiftheywerestucktothefloor.（描写僵住的动作）Thensuddenly,anidea,shiningandnew,flashedlikeacometthroughherbrain.(描写突然有想法）Alightbreezeblew,swayingthetreebranchesandmakingtheraysoflightglimmeranddanceasiftherewasafairytaleworldhiddendeepwithin.（描写微风）Heisastimidasahare.（描写人物胆小）Iwaslikeacatonhotbricksbeforetheinterview.(描写紧张）Harryscrambledtohisfeet,sohappyhefeltasthoughalargeballoonwasswellinginsidehim.哈利感到特别高兴，仿佛胸中揣着的一个气球渐渐鼓了起来，使他飘飘欲仙了。（描写高兴）Thesurfaceofthecalmlakestirredthewaves,andmymoodwasascheerfulasawave.心情和浪花一样欢快。（描写高兴）IfeellikeIamfloatinginanoceanofsadness.(描写悲伤）Sheshookallover,feelinglikesittingonpinsandneedles.她浑身颤抖，觉得如坐针毡。（描写如坐针毡）Rippingcrystalstreamsstretchedawayintothedistancefromthetoweringbluffslikethebeautifulstreamersofafairymaid.（描写瀑布）Then,onhisback,withhistaillashingandhisjawsclicking,thesharkplowedoverthewaterasaspeed-boatdoes.(描写鲨鱼）Thestarsinthenightskysparkledlikediamonds.(描写星空）Clustersofstarsdecoratedthevastskylikesparkingjewels.(描写星空）Theicywindstartedhowling,cuttingmyfacelikeasharpknife.(描写寒风）常见例句赏析1.Thesnowwasasthickasablanket.雪像地毯一样厚。2.Lastnight,Isleptlikealog.昨晚我睡得像木头。3.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.似乎是到了世界末日。4.Thegroundisashardasstoneafterthedrought.干旱之后土地硬得就像石头一样。5.Hewanderedintoseemeasifhehadnothingelsetodo.他遛遛达达进来看我，好像无事可做的样子。6.Loveislikethewind,youcan'tseeitbutyoucanfeelit.爱如风，你看不见，但你能感受到它。7.Thecountry,coveredwithcherrytreeflowers,looksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.地上覆盖着樱花，这个国家似乎覆盖着粉红色的雪。8.Icouldn'tmovemylegs.Itwasasiftheywerestucktothefloor.我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。9.Helooksasthoughhehasn'thadasquaremealformonths.瞧他那样子好像几个月没好好吃过一顿饭似的。10.Thehouselookssomethinglikeacastle.那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。(somethinglike...有点像…)11.Readingistothemindwhatfoodistothebody.读书与思想的关系就好比食物与健康的关系。(AistoBwhatCisD"A之于B如同C之于D")12.Searchingforonemaninthisbigcityislikelookingforaneedleinahaystack.在这座大城市里寻找一个人犹如大海捞针。13.Johnsawthecarcomingandstoodstillasastatue.John看到车子过来，像石像一样站着一动不动。14.Mymother'skitchenwaslikeaholyplace:youcouldn'twearyourshoes,youhadtositthereatacertaintime,andoccasionallywe'dpray.我妈的厨房像一个圣地：你不能穿鞋，你必须在某一个时候坐在那里，偶而我们会祈祷。15.Aroomwithoutbooksislikeabodywithoutasoul.没有书的房间，如同没有灵魂的躯体。16.Thecloudswerelikeice-creamcastlesinthesky.云朵就像是天空中的冰激凌城堡。17.Kylelookedatthetestwithastareasblankashisnotebook.Kyle茫然地看着试卷，头脑如同笔记本一样的空白。18.Thenlikeacoldwaveonashore,comessilenceandshesingsnomore.然后沉默如同海滩上的寒潮般袭来，她不再唱歌。19.Asindepthsofmanyseas,myheartwasdrownedinmemories.如同在大海深处，我的心里沉溺于回忆之中。20.Hesitstherestaringattheblankscreenlikeaghostsearchingforhisreflection.他坐在那里，盯着空白的屏幕，像是一个鬼魂在寻找他的影子。21.Hemovedlikelighteningbeforethepolicecame.还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑了。22.Shehungherheadlikeadyingflower.她像是一朵枯萎的花低着头。23.Ahousewithoutbooksislikearoomwithoutwindows.没有书的房子，如同没有窗户的房间。24.Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。25.Lifeislikeridingabicycle.Tokeepyourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.人生如同骑自行车，要保持平衡你要不断向前。26.Amindislikeaparachute.Itdoesn'tworkifitisnotopen.思想如同降落伞，如果不打开就不起作用。27.Lifeislikeanonion;youpeelitoffonelayeratatime,andsometimesyouweep.人生如同洋葱，你一次剥一层，有时你会流泪。28.Foodistothebodyasfuelistotheengine.食物之于身体，如同燃料之于发动机。29.Thetravellershavefalleninlovewithlocalproduce.Theycannotbelievethatthetomatoesareasbigasapples,andtheappleslooklikethesizeofbaseballs.旅行者们已经爱上了的当地特产。他们不敢相信蕃茄大如苹果，而苹果看起来像棒球一樣大。30.Gwenoftenbecomesgreenwithenvywheneverherclassmatesreceivebettergradesorawardsforoutstandingachievements,andshewouldturnintoagreen-eyedmonster.每当她的同学们得到更好的成绩或领取杰出成就的奖，Gwen是嫉妒到脸都发绿，俨然变成一双绿眼怪兽了(表示非常嫉妒)!PartII暗喻Metaphor也是也叫隐喻，是简缩了的明喻，但不用比喻词like或as作对比，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成，从而更生动，更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。1）基本结构：本体是喻体。名词型暗喻Herhairwasaflowinggoldenriverstreamingdownhershoulders.(描写肖像）Iwas,inwardly,allwhiteflag.(描写妥协）Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.(描写笑的作用）Kindnessisagoldenchainbywhichsocietyisbound.(描写善良的作用）动词型暗喻Ifeltalumpinmythroat,tearswellingupinmyeyes.(描写伤心）Theboywolfeddownthefoodthemomenthegrabbedit.(描写饥饿时吃东西）Hemeltedintotears.(描写感动落泪）Aheavysilenceblanketedtheroom.(描写沉默寂静）Theghostlywintersilencehadgivenwaytothegreatspringmurmurofwakeninglife.(描写万物复苏）Myheartwaspumping.(心脏怦怦直跳）2）常见例句赏析1.Timeismoney.2.Thestarsaresparklingdiamonds.3.Thecurtainofnightfelluponus.4.Lifeisajourney.5.Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.6.Booksarethekeystoyourimagination.7.Spendingtoomuchtimewithhimisworsethanswimminginaseaofsharks.8.Herhairwasaflowinggoldenriverstreamingdownhershoulders.9.I'mdrowninginaseaofgrief.10.Thetypicalteenageboy'sroomisadisasterarea.11.She'sgoingthrougharollercoasterofemotions.12.Kathyarrivedatthegrocerystorewithanarmyofchildren.13.Youlightupmylife.14.Iwaslostinaseaofnamelessfaces.15.Lifecontainsnothingbutclearskiesupahead.16.Myheartswelledwithaseaoftears.17.Thecloudssailedacrossthesky.18.Today'slecturegavemealotoffoodforthought.19.Laughteristhemusicofthesoul.20.Ablanketofsnowcoveredtheground.22.Theteacherplantedtheseedsofwisdom.23.Booksarethemirrorsofthesoul.24.Eyesarewindowstothesoul.25.Letusbegratefultopeoplewhomakeushappy,theyarethecharminggardenerswhomakeoursoulsblossom.26.Theskiesofhisfuturebegantodarken.27.Laughteristhebestmedicine.Hervoiceismusictohisears.PartIII拟人(Personification)拟人Personification也是一种比喻，就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动，形象，更有感染力。例：Thebreezegentlykissedhercheeks.(描写微风）Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.(描写黑暗环境）Thedrizzlekissedmeonmycheeksgently.（描写细雨）Theleavesoftreeswhisperedquietly.(描写抖动的树叶）Couragedesertedhim.(描写失去勇气）Excitementdeprivedmeofallpowerofspeech.(描写激动地说不出话）Whiteandblacksmokeroseupinsteadycolumns,magicwithinthedarkair.DespairenvelopedSteveandZach.绝望笼罩着史蒂夫和扎克。Freezingwintermarchedintothevillage.(描写寒冬）2）常见例句赏析1.Thestarsdancedplayfullyinthemoonlitsky.2.Thefirstraysofmorningtiptoed(踮着脚走ˈtɪptəʊ)throughthemeadow.3.Shedidnotrealizethatopportunitywasknockingatherdoor.4.Hedidnotrealizethathislastchancewaswalkingoutthedoor.5.Theriverswallowedtheearthasthewatercontinuedtorisehigherandhigher.6.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.7.Timeflewandbeforeweknewit,itwastimeformetogohome.8.Themoonwinkedatmethroughthecloudsabove.9.Theoceandancedinthemoonlight.10.Thewordsappearedtoleapoffofthepaperasshereadthestory.11.Whilemakingmywaytomycar,itappearedtosmileatmemischievously(淘气地ˈmɪstʃɪvəslɪ).12.Thenewstookmebysurprise.13.Thefireranwild.14.Thethunderclappedangrilyinthedistance.15.Thestormattackedthetownwithgreatrage.16.IcouldhearHawaiicallingmyname.17.Theflowersdancedinthegentlebreeze.18.Thefireswallowedtheentireforest.19.Theflowerswereblooming,andthebeeskissedthemeverynowandthen.20.Itwasearlymorning--Imetacatyawningandstretchinginthestreet.21.Theskyscraperwassotallthatitseemedtokissthesky.22.Hiscarsufferedaseverestrokeinthemiddleoftheroad,andrefusedtomoveforward.23.NewYorkisthecitythatneversleeps.24.Thesunflowersnoddedinthewind.25.Thebrowngrasswasbeggingforwater.26.Thecandleflamedancedinthedark.27.Hesangalonelysongtothemoonlight.28.Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce,likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.29.MoneyistheonlyfriendthatIcancounton.30.Mystomachwaspunishingmefornoteatingontime.31.Youmakemyheartskipabeat!32.Thestarsdancedplayfullyinthemoonlitsky.33.Thewildfireranthroughtheforestatanamazingspeed.34.Seeingsuchextraordinarybeauty,Ithinkeverycellinmybodywokeup.35.Itwasquietnow,thethunderhadgrumbled(隆隆响ˈgrʌmbl)awaytothewest.36.Themoonplayedhideandseek(捉迷藏)withtheclouds.37.Myalarmclockyellsatmeeverymorning.38.Thewindhowled(吼叫haʊl)inthenight.39.Thecurtainsdancedinthebreeze.40.Thetreebranchscratchedandclawedatmywindowsill,tryingtobreakintothehouse.PartVI夸张夸张法(hyperbolehaɪˈpɜ:bəli)就是运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观事物，以达到强调的效果。数词表示Hehadgivenhislastounceofstrengthtoswimtowardstheshore.（描写努力）Afloodoffearwelledupinhim.他心中涌起一阵恐惧。（描写恐惧）Sheregrettedwithtonsofanxiety,andthebecamesleepwithshiningtearsinhereyes.用动词/名词/形容词/副词表示Ialmostlaughedmyheadoff.(描写大笑）Henearlyexplodedwithindignation.(描写特别生气）Rootedtotheground,hecouldonlystammeroutsomebrokensentenceswithatiedtongue.(描写紧张说不出话）Staringattheshiningdimeinhispalm,Bobgrinnedfromeartoear,withhiseyesbeamingwithjoy.（描写高兴大笑）Hearingthis,hesplithissideswithlaughter.（描写高兴大笑）Hewaswalkingonair.(描写高兴）Onthestage,hefoundscoresofarrowspiercingherchest.(描写痛苦难受）Hecriedhisheartoutonhearingthetragicnews.听到这个噩耗，他哭得撕心裂肺。（描写伤心哭泣）Atthesightofthefiercewolf,Ifrozewithterror,tooscaredtoaninch.看到凶猛的狼，我吓得一愣一愣的，吓得寸步难行Ihadbutterfliesinmystomachduringthelastminuteofthebasketballgame.篮球比赛的最后一分钟，我紧张地不行。（描写紧张）MyheartpoundedsohardthatIthoughtmyribcagemightexplode.我的心扑通扑通跳得厉害，我觉得我的肋骨可能会爆炸。（描写紧张）3）常见例句赏析1.There'senoughfoodinthecupboardtofeedanentirearmy!厨柜里有足够养活一支军队的食物。2.Iwaswalkingalongtheroadwhensuddenlythisenormousdogstoodinfrontofme.Itwasasbigasanelephant.我正沿着马路走着，这时一只大狗突然站在我前面。它有大象那么大。3.Mybloodfroze.我的血液都凝固了。4.Ihavewantedtokillmyselfahundredtimes,butsomehowIamstillinlovewithlife.我曾上百次地想自杀，可是不知怎么的，我仍热爱生活。5.Chriswon'tdriveherhomebecauseshelivesontheothersideoftheuniverse.Chris不会开车送她回家，因为她坐在很远的地方。6.WhenItoldourfatheraboutthis,hisheartburst.当我将这件事告诉我们的父亲时，他的心几乎要迸出来。7.Basketballistheonlythingthatevermatteredtohim.足球是唯一对他重要的事。8.Theyturnedintoanendlessstreet他们转入一条看不到尽头的街道。9.MyheartalmoststoppedbeatingwhenIheardmydaughter'svoiceonthephone.从电话里一听到我女儿的声音，我的心几乎停止跳动。10.IwassohungrythatIcouldeatahorse.我很饿以致于可以吃掉一只马。11.Hewassosadthathewasdrowningintears.他如此伤心，泪流满面。12.OldMr.JohnsonhasbeenteachingheresincetheStoneAge.老约翰逊先生自从石器时代就在这儿教书了。13.Itwassocoldthat…Whenthemenspoke,theirwordsfrozeintheair.Everythingtheysaidremainedfrozenallwinterlong,anddidnotmeltuntilspring.天是如此之冷，以致于男人们说话时，他们的话在空中冻结。他们说的一切在整个冬天都冻结着，直到春天才会融化。14.I'mdyingforacupoftea.我很想喝杯茶。15.Icouldsmellthefragranceofflowersfromamileaway.一里之外我就闻到花香。16.Whensheheardthebadnews,ariveroftearspouredout.当她听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。PartV平行法平行法Parallelism一般由三项或三项以上的词语或句子构成，其并列的结构相同或类似，意义相关，语气连贯，使得句子流畅，富有节奏感。1.Youneedtoworkquicklyanddecisively.2.ThisisnotonlyjustwhatIwanted,butalsojustwhatIneeded.3.Motherwasverybusygatheringthelaundry,dustingthefurnitureandwashingthedishes.4.Howyouliveyourlifeismoreimportantthanhowmanymillionsyouhave.5.Tosurviveyouneed:water,foodandshelter