2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题四语法填空第一讲动词课件

专题四语法填空[研高考·辨考向]试卷名称考试年份考查体裁主题语境文章话题命题考点有提示词无提示词谓语动词非谓语动词名词形容词、副词代词数词冠词介词并列连词从句新高考全国卷Ⅰ2024说明文人与社会英国“丝路花园”12220011012023说明文人与社会中国美食小笼包04021011102022说明文人与自然大熊猫国家公园2211001111试卷名称考试年份考查体裁主题语境文章话题命题考点有提示词无提示词谓语动词非谓语动词名词形容词、副词代词数词冠词介词并列连词从句新高考全国卷Ⅱ2024说明文人与社会莎士比亚和汤显祖的作品的相似之处23200001112023记叙文人与自我教熊猫饲养员英语11220011112022记叙文人与自我救助坠楼小孩2212001011[抓规律·找依据]第一讲动词动词是历年高考的必考点，而且考查数量占比最大。对动词有关知识的掌握是考生在语法填空中取得高分的关键。动词的形式变化比较多样，有谓语形式的变化(如时态、语态、虚拟语气及主谓一致)，非谓语形式的变化(如动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词形式)及动词词形的变化。如何判定作谓语还是非谓语[典例呈现][典例1](2024·浙江卷1月)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets62._______________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).havestarted[解析]

第一步：确定是否填谓语。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，空处在句中作谓语。第二步：考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。根据空前的时间状语Overthelasttwoyears可知，空处应该用现在完成时；主语somesupermarkets是动作start的发出者，应用主动语态；根据空前的复数主语somesupermarkets可知，助动词应用复数形式。[典例2](2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57._________(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthesteamandriskingaspill(溢出)，58.ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue(舌头).tobite[解析]

第一步：确定是否作谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词decide后的成分为宾语，连词whether后没有主语，故此处应用非谓语动词。第二步：确定填何种非谓语形式。此处考查“whether＋不定式”结构，不定式须用主动形式，且空处与下文的toput是并列关系。[技法点拨]第一步：确定是作谓语还是非谓语1．分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所需词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词；2．分析句子结构，若句中已有谓语动词，且不是作并列谓语动词时，则要考虑用非谓语动词。第二步：若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致1．看“时间”定时态(注意语境中暗含的时间状语)；2．看“主语”定语态(看主语是否为动作的发出者)；3．看人称和数，确保主谓一致。第三步：若填非谓语动词，就要确定填何种非谓语形式1．提示词与逻辑主语是主谓关系时，常用动词-ing形式；2．提示词与逻辑主语是动宾关系时，常用过去分词形式；3．提示词在句中作目的状语或表示意料之外的结果时，常用动词不定式形式。语法项目(一)PART01第一部分考法1谓语动词的时态[试做经典]1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.walkswalks

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；本句描述了theSilkRouteGarden的客观情况，时态用一般现在时；walk在此作动词，意为“(循序渐进地)教、逐步引导”，与主语theSilkRouteGarden之间为主动关系；且主语表示第三人称单数，应用walks。2．(2024·青岛二模)Dough(面团)sculpture,alsoknownasdoughflowers,_________(date)backtotheHanDynasty(202-220BCE).dates

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。datebackto(追溯到)无被动形式；根据语境可知，此处陈述的是客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；主语Doughsculpture为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。dates3．(2022·全国甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao____________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa'shighestmountain.haswalked

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Inthelastfiveyears可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。haswalked4．(2022·浙江卷1月)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics—manyofthemclimatescientists—_______________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.havepromised

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语sincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语academics为复数，助动词应用have。havepromised5．(2023·浙江卷1月)Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften_________(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedbyspacioushomesandwalledgardens.featured

考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在此作谓语。结合上下文可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。featured6．(2024·唐山一模)Now,thislittle-knownwrittenlanguage______________(experience)somethingofarebirth.isexperiencing

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Now可知，此处应用现在进行时；主语thislittle-knownwrittenlanguage为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。isexperiencing7．(2024·辽宁高三二模)Becauseofthisinterconnectedrelationshipitmeansthatifonesystemisdisturbed,it_________(result)intheothersystembeingdisturbed.willresult

考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，“ifonesystemisdisturbed”为if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时，因此遵循“主将从现”原则，主句“it_________(result)intheothersystembeingdisturbed”应用一般将来时。willresult8．(2024·大连二模)Bythetimeshewassixteen,Yani_____________(paint)morethantenthousandpictures.hadpainted

考查动词的时态。根据时间状语从句“Bythetimeshewassixteen”可知，此处应用过去完成时。hadpainted9．(2024·阜新4月联考)AreportshowedthatacrowdofresidentsofJianghuaYaoAutonomousCounty,HunanProvince,_________(sing)anddancedonSaturdaytocelebratethecomingofJingzheortheAwakeningofInsects.sang

考查动词的时态。根据anddanced可知，此处应用一般过去时。sang10．(2024·济南二模)Obviously,thebusiness______________________(grow)sincethebeginningofthisyear.hasgrown/hasbeengrowing

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语sincethebeginningofthisyear可知，此处应用现在完成时，也可以用现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在并将持续下去。主语thebusiness为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。hasgrown/hasbeengrowing11．(2024·保定二模)Formostofthechildren,itwasthefirsttimeintheirlivesthatthey_______________(watch)amovieonsucha“giant”screen,asthereisnocinemainthevillage.hadwatched

考查固定句型。在“itwasthefirsttimethat...”句型中，that从句使用过去完成时，为固定用法。hadwatched12．(2024·济南一模)Itishightimethatwe________________________(embrace)thebrightspring.embraced/shouldembrace

考查固定句型。在“Itis(high/about)timethat...”句型中，that从句中的动词用一般过去时或shoulddo。embraced/shouldembrace[技法点拨]1．标志词判断法在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志词，可根据所给时间状语来确定对应时态：(1)一般现在时：sometimes、often、everyweek/day/year/morning等；(2)一般过去时：yesterday、lastweek/night/year/month、theotherday、in＋过去的年份、时间段＋ago、时间段＋later等；(3)现在进行时：look、listen、now、atpresent、atthismoment/time等；(4)过去进行时：atthattime/moment等；(5)一般将来时：tomorrow、nextweek/year、in＋时间段、inthefuture等；(6)将来进行时：atthistimetomorrow等；(7)现在完成时：since＋时间点、recently、lately、already、sofar、eversince、upto/until/bynow、during/over/inthelast/past＋时间段、in/overrecent＋时间段等；(8)过去完成时：bythen、untilthen、by/before/tilltheendof＋过去的时间点等。2．瞻前顾后找并列(1)表示并列的连词有and、but、or、ratherthan、neither...nor...、notonly...but(also)...等；(2)同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。3．语境暗示法分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，但没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显，通过正确理解语境即通过语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。4．固定句型判断法(1)bedoing...when...；(2)This/It/Thatis＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用现在完成时；(3)This/It/Thatwas＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用过去完成时；(4)Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋sincesb./sth.did...；(5)bythetime＋sb./sth.did...，主语＋haddone...；(6)nosoonerhad＋主语＋done...than＋主语＋did.../hardlyhad＋主语＋done...when＋主语＋did...；(7)It's(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.考法2谓语动词的语态[试做经典]1．(2024·全国甲卷)Whatshould_________(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.bedone

考查动词的语态。主语What与do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后应用动词原形。bedone2．(2023·全国乙卷)Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I_______________(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.wasamazed

考查动词的时态和语态。由下文时态可知，应用一般过去时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。wasamazed3．(2022·浙江卷1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane—___________________________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.isviewed/hasbeenviewed

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语，与谓语之间存在被动关系，故填isviewed或hasbeenviewed。isviewed/hasbeenviewed4．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare'sBirthplaceGardenin2017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThe

Peony

Pavilion,_________(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes'walkfromShakespeare'sbirthplace.wasbuilt

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语是asix-meter-tallpavilion，与build之间是被动关系；此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态；且主语为单数，be动词应用was。wasbuilt5．Thecoatyouboughtformeismadeofakindofcloththat_________(wash)easily.washes

考查动词的语态。此处为主动形式表示被动意义，表示主语akindofcloth具有某种“性质”使得动作wash得以进行。washes[技法点拨]1．依据逻辑关系，辨析主动或被动(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；

若是被动关系，则考虑用被动语态。(2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词，被动语态的时态体现在be动词上。(3)只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态，系动词和不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。2．常考的几种时态的被动语态(1)一般现在时：am/is/aredone；(2)一般过去时：was/weredone；(3)一般将来时：willbedone；(4)过去将来时：wouldbedone；(5)现在完成时：has/havebeendone；(6)过去完成时：hadbeendone。3．主动形式表被动含义的句式结构：(1)当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等系动词后面接形容词时；(2)当cut、read、sell、wear、write、wash、open、run、burn等动词后有状语(well、easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在品质或性能时，用主动形式表示被动含义。考法3主谓一致[试做经典]1．(2023·全国乙卷)Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,_________(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.means

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。上下文的时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子的主语为“Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。means2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout_________(be)alsoShakespeare'sconcerns.were

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语Someofthethings为复数，且此处描述过去的事，故填were。were3．(2024·重庆巴蜀中学质检)TheMountChangbaiGeopark,alongwithfiveotherChinesegeoparks,_______________(recognize)asaGlobalGeoparkbyUNESCOonMarch27.wasrecognized

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语onMarch27可知，时态为一般过去时；主语“TheMount...geoparks”与动词recognize之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；alongwith连接两个主语，谓语动词的数要与前边的主语保持一致，be动词应用was。wasrecognized4．(2024·衡水中学期中)WhileenjoyedthroughoutChina,Jianzi

____________(describe)byChaiasanimportantaspectofhutongculture.Thenarrowalleyways,situatedwithinBeijing'sinnercity,providethesettingforthegame'spopularity.isdescribed

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；根据句意及空后的by可知，空处用被动语态；主语Jianzi是不可数名词，be动词应用单数形式。isdescribed5．(2024·汕头二模)Now,morethanjustalanternshow,italso_________(serve)asanopeningactivitytocelebratethe60thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandFrancein1964.serves

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据now可知，应用一般现在时；主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式；且主语与动词serve之间为主动关系，应用主动语态。serves6．Astheyear2024istheYearoftheDragoninChina,manyabrand__________________________(roll)outalargevarietyofdragon-themedgoodslately.hasrolled/hasbeenrolling

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意和时间状语lately可知，此处应用现在完成时，或用现在完成进行时表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在；manyabrand后谓语用第三人称单数。hasrolled/hasbeenrolling7．Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.wasgiven

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。aswellas连接并列名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与第一个主语一致，因此应用单数；根据时间状语lastweek可知，应用一般过去时；空处与主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。wasgiven8．(2024·全国甲卷)They_________(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.were

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合文章时态和句意可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语是They，be动词应用复数形式。were[技法点拨]1．语法一致原则(1)分析句子结构发现提示词作谓语，且主语后跟有with、togetherwith、aswellas、like、but、except、alongwith、ratherthan、including、inadditionto等引导的短语时，要考虑谓语动词的数与短语前面的主语保持一致；(2)在定语从句中，关系代词that、who、which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数保持一致；(3)“manya/morethanone＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each、every、no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。2．就近原则(1)or、either...or...、neither...nor...、notonly...but(also)...、not...but...等连接并列主语时；(2)there/herebe句式。3．意义一致原则(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时，谓语动词用单数；(2)动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；(3)由分数、百分数或者some、apartof等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的单复数；(4)“the＋形容词”表示抽象概念，作主语时谓语动词用单数；“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物，作主语时谓语动词用复数。Test1

(2024·临沂一模)You'veneverheardsongsquitelikethisbefore.Infact,itseemsthatMoyuncantransformjustaboutanysongintosomethingcompletelynew1._________thehelpoftheGuzheng.ThistraditionalChineseinstrument2._________(make)of16ormorestringsandmovablebridges.Together,itproducessomeofthesweetestsoundsthatpairsurprisinglywellwith3._________wasoriginallyarocksong.withismadewhat“TraditionalChineseinstrumentsaren'tsuitedfor4._________(adapt)aband'sentiresound，”Moyunsaid.“Guzhengislikethebass.It'shardtocreatevariationswithit.”Despitethe5._________(limitation),MoyunhasmasteredtheprocessofchangingpopularmusicfortheGuzheng.Inoneofhermanyvideos6._________(share)ontheInternet,shedoesthiswith“Thunderstruck”byAC/DC．Duringher7._____________(perform),Moyunisconstantlymovingbothofherhands,eachmovement8._____________(effortless)methodical(有条理的)andfascinatingtowatch.Whenshe'snotplucking(弹拨)oneoftheinstrument'smanystrings,sheisbeatingitlikeadrum.adaptinglimitationssharedperformance(s)effortlessly

Bysharingvideoslikethese,Moyunhopesthatmorepeoplewillcometoappreciatethisuniqueinstrument.“Chineseculturetends9._______(be)abstract，”shesaid.“It'snotreallyaccessible.Butpopcultureisaccessible.Byputting10._________twotogether,Ihopetheaudiencecanappreciatemymusic.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了墨韵在古筝的帮助下，似乎可以把任何一首歌都变成全新的东西。tobethe/these1．with

考查介词。根据句意可知，此处应用介词短语withthehelpof，意为“在……的帮助下”。2．ismade

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处名词instrument和动词make之间为被动关系，构成短语bemadeof“由……组成”；该句为描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语instrument为单数，故填ismade。3．what

考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，应用what。4．adapting

考查非谓语动词。介词for后应用动词-ing形式。5．limitations

考查名词复数。根据句意可知，此处应用名词limitation的复数形式，表示“局限性”。6．shared

考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰videos，因videos和动词share之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。7．performance(s)

考查名词。根据空前her为形容词性物主代词可知，此处用名词形式，performance意为“表演”时，单复数形式皆可。8．effortlessly

考查副词。根据副词修饰形容词可知，此处应用副词effortlessly，修饰形容词methodicalandfascinating。9．tobe

考查固定搭配。tendtodosth.为固定短语，意为“倾向于做某事”。10．the/these

考查限定词。根据句意以及空后的two表示名词“两个”可知，此处可以用定冠词the表示特指，也可以用指示代词these后接复数名词，对名词起到限定作用。Test2

(2024·阳泉三模)Chineseartisanimportantpartofthecountry'sculturalheritage.It1._____________(distinguish)itselffromWesternpaintinginthatitisdrawnonXuanpaper(orsilk)withtheChinesebrushandChineseink.distinguishes

2．_________(attain)abilityinthisart,itisnecessarytohaveagoodcontrolofthebrush,andcertainknowledgeofXuanpaperandChineseink.Beforepainting,thepaintermusthavea3._________(detail)draftinhismind.Oncehestartstopaint,hewill4._________(normal)havetocompletetheworkatonego.AlargenumberofChinesepainters,atthesametime,5._________(be)poetswhooftenaddtheirownpoemstothepaintings.Theresultingpieceofworkisusually6._________integrated(整合的)wholeoffourbranchesofChineseart—poetry,calligraphy,paintingandseal-cutting.Toattaindetailednormallyarean

Chinesepaintings7.__________(divide)intotwomajorcategories,freehandbrushwork(XieYi)andfinebrushwork(GongBi).Theformerischaracterizedbysimpleandboldstrokes(笔画)representingtheexaggerated(夸张的)likenessoftheobjects8._________thelatterisdonebyspecificbrushworkandcloseattentiontoparticulars.Andit'sdifficulttotellhowlongtheartofpainting9.__________(exist)inChina.Potsfrom5，000-6，000yearsagowerepaintedincolorwithpatternsofplantsandanimals,10._________reflectedvariousaspectsofthelifeofprimitivepeople.ThesemaybethebeginningsofChinesepainting.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国画。aredividedand/whilehasexistedwhich1．distinguishes

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。文章通篇是一般现在时，此处应用一般现在时；主语It是单数，因此空处应用第三人称单数distinguishes。2．Toattain

考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式。位于句首，首字母大写。3．detailed

考查形容词。空处修饰名词draft，应用形容词detailed，意为“详细的”。4．normally

考查副词。空处修饰动词havetocomplete，应用副词normally，意为“通常”。5．are

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语painters是复数，且文章时态是一般现在时，因此空处应用are。

6．an

考查冠词。whole是名词，意为“整体”，是可数名词，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，integrated的发音以元音音素开头，因此用an。7．aredivided

考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子表示“中国画被分为两大类”，应用被动语态，bedividedinto是固定短语，意为“被分为”；主语paintings是复数且通篇时态是一般现在时，因此空处应用aredivided。8．and/while

考查连词。根据前面的Theformer和后面的thelatter可知，前后两句是并列关系，空处表示“和”或“而”，应用and或while。9．hasexisted

考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，句子表示“很难说绘画艺术在中国存在了多久”，空处用现在完成时表示已经存在；主语theartofpainting是单数，因此空处应用hasexisted。10．which

考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是patternsofplantsandanimals，指物，因此用关系代词which。语法项目(二)PART02第二部分语法项目(二)非谓语动词考法1非谓语动词作宾语[试做经典]1．(2023·全国乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears_________(record)everythingIdiscovered.recording

考查非谓语动词。spendsometime(in)doingsth.为固定搭配。recording2．(2024·全国甲卷)Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend_________(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.tocatch

考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语tend，此处应填非谓语。tendtodosth.意为“往往会做某事”，为固定用法。tocatch3．(2024·菏泽一模)Hewanted_________(learn)moreaboutChina—anancientcivilizationwithauniquelanguage,history,literatureandculture.tolearn

考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事”，空处缺少不定式作宾语。tolearn4．(2024·广东名校5月模拟)Theyreported_____________(experience)headaches,depression,nervousnessandexhaustion.experiencing

考查非谓语动词。动词report后用动名词作宾语，意为“报告做了或正在做某事”。experiencing5．(2024·岳阳质检)It'swhateverybodydeserves_________(have)inthisworld,inAmericaandeverywhere.tohave

考查非谓语动词。deservetodosth.意为“值得做某事”，此处用不定式作宾语。tohave6．(2024·张家口一模)“Ifithelpstopromotelocaltourism,Idon'tmind_________(be)anonlinecelebrity，”Liusaidduringapreviousinterview.being

考查非谓语动词。动词mind后用动名词作宾语，意为“介意做某事”。being7．(2024·阜阳3月质检)Whilesomepeoplehelpedpayforthegas,Sivleyneverasked_______________(compensate)forallhishardwork!tobecompensated

考查非谓语动词。asktodosth.意为“要求做某事”，又因为Sivley与compensate之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用不定式的被动形式作宾语。tobecompensated8．(2024·淮北一模)ZhangJun,whoissecretary-generaloftheeventorganizingcommittee,saidthefestivaliscommittedto_______________(strengthen)internationalfilmculturalexchangesandcooperation,promotingthedevelopmentofthefilmindustry,andfosteringtheprosperityoffilmcreation.strengthening

考查非谓语动词。becommittedtodoingsth.是固定短语，意为“致力于做某事”，故此处用动名词作宾语。strengthening9．(2024·镇江4月学情调研)Eventhoughinthepast2,000yearsmanychangeshaveoccurred,librarieshavekepttheirmainpurposetobecertainabout_________(give)thetruth.giving

考查非谓语动词。介词about后应用动词-ing形式。giving10．(2024·邵阳二模)Thegroundfloortends_________(use)asstoragespaceforfirewoodandfarmingequipment.tobeused

考查非谓语动词。tendtodosth.是固定搭配，意为“倾向于做某事、往往会做某事”，又因use与主语之间为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动式。tobeused11．(2024·娄底四模)Sincethen,SahasdevotedherselftomasteringthefolkartfromlearningfromMathetechniquesandskillsusedinperformances,attendingperformancesgivenbyotherwell-knownsingers,practicingsingingHua'erwheneverpossible,to_________(study)itsoriginandhistory.studying

考查非谓语动词。空格前面的to是介词，与其前的第一个from构成“from...to...”结构，故此处用动名词作宾语。studying12．(2024·张家口一模)Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Liuchose_________(return)toworkinhishometownofYajiangcounty,wherehebecamedirectorofthetourismbureauin2002.toreturn

考查非谓语动词。动词choose后用不定式作宾语。toreturn[技法点拨]1．提示词是动词(1)若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是作介词或动词(短语)的宾语时，应用非谓语动词；(2)利用逻辑主语和所给提示词的关系确定形式：主谓关系用doing/todo，动宾关系用beingdone/tobedone。2．牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构(1)介词(如by、for、of、with、without、after等)之后加动词-ing形式作宾语，注意“to”的身份识别；(2)常见只能跟不定式作宾语的动词：hope、wish、expect、agree、promise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn、decide/determine、pretend、choose/select、plan、offer、apply、fail、afford、prepare、desire、happen等；(3)常见只能跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)：enjoy、consider、escape、avoid、risk、appreciate、admit、mind、imagine、delay、allow、permit、finish、suggest、practise、excuse、miss、goon、giveup、putoff、bedevotedto、insiston、keepon、succeedin、beworth等；(4)bebusydoingsth.、havedifficulty/trouble/ahardtime(in)doingsth.、spendsometime/money/energy(in)doingsth.。考法2非谓语动词作状语和补语[试做经典]1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)_________(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare'splayRichard

ⅢinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThe

Peony

Pavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang'splaywasbeingperformed.”RecallingRecalling

考查非谓语动词。此句已有谓语动词said，recall与逻辑主语Edmondson之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,andsoIamalwaysleft_________(want)morenexttime.wanting

考查非谓语动词。leavesb.doingsth.意为“让某人一直做某事”。wanting3．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays_________(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.togive

考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式togive。togive4．(2023·全国乙卷)_____________(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.Havingvisited

考查非谓语动词。结合句意及句中的状语severaltimesoverthelast10years可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Havingvisited5．(2024·浙江卷1月)Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,ifyou'reshoppingforone,buyingextra_________(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn'tmakesense.tobenefit

考查非谓语动词。根据buyingextra和frompricereductions可知，此处是指多买一些为了从降价中获益，应用动词不定式作目的状语。tobenefit6．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiangaside,thebestxiao

long

baohaveafineskin,allowingthem_________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.tobelifted

考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的xiao

long

bao，此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处构成allowsth.tobedone结构。tobelifted7．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford'sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed_________(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.tofind

考查非谓语动词。beamazedtodosth.意为“对做某事感到惊讶”，是固定搭配，

其中动词不定式作原因状语。tofind8．(2024·泰安一模)_________(locate)onBeijingRoad,theblockhostsintangibleculturalheritagedisplaysandevents.Located

考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词hosts，故空处动词作非谓语，且与句子主语theblock之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作状语，注意首字母大写。Located9．(2024·重庆模拟)Ms.Taitworeawig(假发)forthefirstyearofhighschoolandherhairgrewback,only_________(fall)outagainafterayearandahalf.tofall

考查非谓语动词。根据句意及空前的only可知，此处为onlytodo作结果状语，表示出乎预料的结果。tofall10．(2024·梅州一模)InChina,itisreportedthatover40vocationalcollegesand80universitieshavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,withover3，000graduates____________(specialize)inteaproductionandarteveryyear.specializing

考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构。介词with后的宾语over3，000graduates与specialize之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。specializing11．(2024·雅礼中学月考)Hecalledonthenation_________(meet)people'sever-growingintellectualandculturalneedsaswellastobuildgreaterculturalconfidenceandstrength.tomeet

考查非谓语动词。callonsb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为“号召某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。tomeet12．(2024·湖南5地调研)Tomakewildlife_________(protect)better,theauthorityhasnotonlysetthelistofhabitatsbutalsopublishedalistofwildanimalsunderspecialconservation,listing150kindsofwildanimals.protected

考查非谓语动词。此处为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词protect和宾语wildlife之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。protected13．TofeedtheeightbillionpeopleonEarth,mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsthatareeasy_________(produce)inlargenumbers.toproduce

考查非谓语动词。形容词后面常跟不定式作状语，尽管toproduce和其逻辑主语plants之间是被动关系，此处用主动形式表示被动意义。toproduce[技法点拨]

2个技巧确定非谓语动词作状语1．逻辑关系分析法(1)若主语与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表示目的，应用todo；表示出乎意料的结果，应用onlytodo；表示时间/条件/原因/让步/伴随/自然而然的结果，应用doing；(2)若主语与所给提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表示动作还未发生，应用tobedone；表示动作已经发生，应用done。2．固定句型用法(1)主语＋be＋形容词(easy、hard、interesting、pleasant、safe等)＋todo,句子主语与不定式之间是逻辑上的被动关系；(2)too＋adj./adv.＋todo、adj./adv.＋enough＋todo、so＋adj./adv.＋astodo、such＋名词＋astodo等结构中，不定式作结果状语；(3)主语＋动词＋表示情绪的形容词(excited、happy、anxious、satisfied、delighted、angry等)＋todo，不定式作原因状语。

2个技巧确定非谓语动词作补语1．逻辑关系分析法(1)主语或宾语与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：doing/(to)do；(2)主语或宾语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：被动完成done；被动将来tobedone；被动进行beingdone。2．固定搭配和句型法(1)todo作宾语补足语：allow、ask、beg、command、encourage、expect、forbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb.todosth.；(2)用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)：“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。“lookat/see/watch/notice/observe，make/let/have,hear/listento,feel”＋sb.＋dosth.；注意：在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原to，如bemadetodo。(3)havesb./sth.doing意为“让某人/某物一直做、允许/容许某人/某物做某事”；havesth.done意为“使某事被做、遭遇某事”；havesth.todo意为“有某事要做”；havesb.dosth.意为“让某人做某事”。(4)with复合结构①“with＋宾语＋todo”，表示动作还未发生；②“with＋宾语＋doing”，表示主动、动作正在进行；③“with＋宾语＋done”，表示被动、动作已经完成。考法3非谓语动词作定语[试做经典]1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Shanghaimaybethe___________(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplings,butfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringancientcanaltownofNanxiangasxiao

long

bao'sbirthplace.recognized

考查非谓语动词。此处表示“得到认可的小笼包的发源地”。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词home，且与home之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。recognized2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare'sBirthplaceGardenin2017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,_________(inspire)byThe

Peony

Pavilion,wasbuiltattheFirsGarden,justtenminutes'walkfromShakespeare'sbirthplace.inspired

考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词；inspire与逻辑主语asix-meter-tallpavilion之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。inspired3．(2024·浙江卷1月)Ifyoursupermarke