第11-讲-必修一Unit5-词汇和阅读-(外研版2019必修第一册)(原卷版)

第11讲Unit5Intothewild（词汇与阅读）【学习目标】提前预习新外研版必修一Unit5的重点词汇和阅读掌握中高考阅读理解区别和题型解题技巧掌握常见三种构词法【基础知识】一．重点词汇学习1.annualadj.2.seekv.3.measurev.4.determinev.5.crashv.6.destroyv.7.amazingadj.8.solutionn.9.mysteryn.10.effectn.11.chemicaln.12.eventuallyadv.13.breathtakingadj.14.shockv.15.sourcen.16.foundn.17.recoveryn.18.varietyn.19.element20.encounterv.21.concentratev.22.imagen.23.reactionn.24.capturev.25..stareadj.26.freezev.27.exactadj..28.afterall29.bravetheelements30.raincarsanddogs31.holdyourhorses32.killtwobirdswithonestone33.flowchart34.migrate35.creature36.charity重点词汇答案：见教材词汇表重点词汇解析考点一：Determine(vt):测定准确算出；确定；决定，决心做某事；查明；裁决Determinetodosth=decidetodosth=makeupone’smindtodosthDetermineon/uponsth:就某事做出决定Withdetermination:顽强地，有决心地Bedeterminedtodosth:决心做某事，决意做某事例1．【单句填空】Johnsonhadmadeuphismindtogiveitup,butonsecondthoughthedetermined(try)athirdtime.Hepatted(轻拍)meontheshoulder,witha(determine)look,sayingthatIhadthecapabilitytosucceed.Hedidtheexperimentdayandnight,determined(find)outaneffectivewaytotreatthedisease.Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthe(determine)topushfurtherandkeepongoing.考点二：Amazing(adj):惊人的，了不起的amazement(n)Beamazedat/by/that.......BeamazedtodosthToone’samazementIn/withamazement:惊奇地例2．【单句填空】ItwasonlyafterwehadwatchedAmazingChinathatwerealizedwhat(amaze)achievementsChinahasmadeinthepastfiveyears.Theexpressiononherfacesuggestedshewaswhensheheardthenews.(amaze)Muchtomy(amaze),hewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory.考点三：辨析：destroy,damage,ruin,spoilDestroy:指彻底毁坏或毁灭，基本上无法修复Damage:指部分损坏，可修复；一般暗指损坏后价值或效益会降低（多用于无生命的事物）Ruin:指（完全地）损坏，使好的事物向不好的方向发展，不可修复（可希望，愿望的破灭）Spoil:指损坏，也侧重指宠坏，溺爱Destruction(n):破坏，摧毁，毁灭destructive(adj):毁灭性的，引起破坏的例3．【单句填空】(destroy/damage/ruin)(1)Severalhouseswereslightlybythestorminthevillage.Oneofmyfriendsaskedmetohelphimwithhislessonsthisweekend,andthismyplan.Datashowsthatnearly19,770acres(英亩)oftheBrazilianrainforestsbetweenAugust2015andJuly2016.destroy的适当形式填空Theearthquakeruinedthecity,makinghundredsofthousandsofpeoplehomeless.Asaresultoftheofwildlifehabitats,manyanimalshavenoplacetolive.考点四：Survive(v):幸存；生存依靠...生活；挺过（难关）；比...活（或存在）时间长Survivor(n):幸存者survival(un):幸存(cn):残存物Survivesth:幸免于某事，从某事中挺过来/活过来Survivefrom...:从...中幸存下来/留存下来Surviveonsth:依靠...生存下来Survivalofthefittest:适者生存Survivesbby+时间：比某人多活......例4．【单句填空】Earthquakescannotbepredicted,butyourchancesof(survive)aremuchlargerifyouknowwhattodowhenanearthquakestrikes.Itwasnotlongbeforeahelicopterarrivedatthescenetorescuethose(survive)oftheplanecrash.Mygrandmapassedawaylastyearandshesurvivedmygrandpatenyears.改错Thereweremorethan80passengersonboardthen,butonlyoneboynamedDavidsurvivedfromtheplanecrash.考点五：Variety(un):多样化，变化，多变性；(cn):（植物，语言等）变种，品种；（同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样例5．【单句填空】Thereare(variety)thingsonsale,soyoucanchoosewhateverinterestsyou.(vary)ofsolutionshavebeenprovidedforustosolvetheproblem.Wecanchooseonetostartwith.Avarietyofhisbooks(be)publishedinrecentyears.他由于种种原因辞职了。Heresignedfor.番茄的价格随季节的变化而变化。Thepriceoftomatoes.考点六：Freeze-froze-frozen(vi):突然停止，呆住；(v):（使）冻结，结冰；严寒，冰冻；冷冻贮藏，冷藏Freezer(n):冰柜，冷冻柜freezing(adj):冰冻的，极冷的；freezingpoint:冰点（adv）：极冷地freezingcold:极冷Frozen(adj):冷冻的；结冰的；冻硬的；冻僵例6．【单句填空】Freeze-froze-frozen(vi):突然停止，呆住；(v):（使）冻结，结冰；严寒，冰冻；冷冻贮藏，冷藏判断含义.Somefruitsfreezebetterthanothers..Whenthelakefreezes,wecangoskatingonit.Ifrozewithterrorasthedoorslowlyopened.Thetemperatureremainedbelowthepointthroughouttheday.ThefatheraswellashisthreesonsgoesskatingontherivereverySundayafternooninwinter.考点七：Recoverfrom...:从....中恢复过来Recoverone’ssight:恢复视力Recoveronself/one’scourage/sight重新获得勇气/恢复视力:镇定下来Makeaquick/slowrecovery:恢复很快/缓慢Makeafullrecovery:完全康复例7．【单句填空】Recover(v):复原，恢复状态；恢复健康，痊愈，康复；找回，寻回Ihopeyoucantakeatleastonehour’sexerciseeachdayafteryourecoveryourillness.Iwishyouwouldbewellsoon.Thismedicineisquitebeneficialtoyour(recover)aftertheoperation,providingyoutakeitastold.在医生们的帮助下，她很快痊愈了。Shemadeherillnesswiththehelpofthedoctors.Sheherillnesswiththehelpofthedoctors.考点八：Workout:解决；思考，计划，制定出；计算（出）；成功地发展；锻炼身体Outofwork:失业=unemployedAtwork:工作中，起作用；忙着（做某事）；Workonsth:努力改善/完成Workas:从事...工作；当...Workatsth:努力做，致力于......例8．【单句填空】判断含义We’dbetterdiscusseverythingindetailbeforeweworkoutaplan.-I’msorrythingsdidn’tworkoutasplanned.-It’sjustwhatit’smeanttobe,soletitbeandletitgo.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Wehavetoworkhowmuchfoodwe’llneedfortheparty.Hehasworkedthemathsproblemfornearlyanhourbuthesimplycan’tworkit.Susanhadquitherwell-paidjobandwasworkingavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.考点九：WhileIwasconcentratingonphotographingthisamazingscene,IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched.(引导的同位语从句)判断是同位语还是定语从句IgotthenewsthatTomwouldgoabroad.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.Thesuggestionthatthemeetingbedelayedwasputforward.Thesuggestionthatheputforwardwasturneddown.例9．【单句填空】Themanagerputforwardasuggestionweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.Thepossibilitythereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspired（激励）scientiststoexploretheouterspace.考点十：为了强调且保持句子平衡，表语的形容词，副词，介词短语或分词等提前时，句子可用全部倒装。翻译句子Amongthegoodsareflowers,candlesandtoys.Standingonthetopofthemountainisanancienttowns.例10．【单句填空】Agroupofstudentsareplayingtheviolinthereandinfrontofthem(stand)theirteacherastheconductor.（指挥）Inthedarkforests(lie)manylakes,somelargeenoughtoholdseveraltowns.考点11：Itisafterallwewhoarethevisitorstotheirworld.强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+......(is/was随从句中时态而定）按要求改写句子Heboughtthebookinthisshopyesterday.强调主语强调宾语强调地点状语强调时间状语例11．【单句填空】ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawLilyinthepassengerseat.ItwasmysisterhelpedmeoutwhenIwasintrouble.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolMr.Smithgotangry?wasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearthathemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.【真题演练】定语从句之Ⅱ（关系副词引导的定语从句）ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthnature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance(大量).Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alesisalwayslongingforthetimeheshouldbeabletobeindependent.TheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.Therealreasonpriceswere,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.Amongthemanydangerssailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.vocabularyNEWYORK(Reuters)—U.S.factoriesshruggedoffweaknessintheglobaleconomyinNovemberasmanufacturingactivityrosetoitshighestlevelinfivemonths,afreshsignthe___34___economywasaccelerating.Recentdataonconsumerspendingandprivate-sectorjobcreationhasalsoboostedoptimismonthepaceofgrowth.“Theeconomyseemsfinallytobe___35___realmomentum,”saidIanShepherdson,aneconomistatHighFrequencyEconomicsinValhalla,NewYork.Alsopointingtogrowth,automakersreportedU.S.salesrose13.9percentinNovemberfromayearearlier,AutodataCorpsaid.TheInstituteforSupplyManagementsaidonThursdayitsindexofnationalfactoryactivityroseto52.7from50.8themonthbefore,beatinganalysts’expectationsandshowingthesectorcontinuesto___36___.Theaddedmomentum,alsoapparentinthereport’sdetails,reducesthechancestheU.S.economywillslipintoanewrecession,evenwithanexpectedcontractionintheeurozone.ComparedtoadismalfirsthalfoftheyearthepaceofU.S.growthmorethan___37___inthethirdquartertoa2percent___38___rate.Whilethatremainssubpar,economistsbelieveactivitywill___39___evenstrongerinthefinalthreemonthsoftheyear.TheISM___40___ofnewordersrosetoitshighestlevelsinceApril,andtheexportindexalsoimproved,althoughmodestly.“Thatshouldkeepsomemomentumgoing,”saidSeanIncremona,aneconomistat4CastinNewYork.“Itisgoodtoseethingsarenotgettingworsenow.”Muchofthe___41___oftheworld,however,isgettingworse,especiallyinEuropewherepolicy-makersarefightingaragingsovereigndebtcrisis.【过关检测】AOneofmyfavoriteposterssays,“Lifeisatest.Itisonlyatest.Hadthisbeenareallife,youwouldhavebeeninstructedwheretogoandwhattodo.”WheneverIthinkofthishumorousbitofwisdom,itremindsmenottotakemylifesoseriously.Whenyoulookatlifeanditsmanychallengesasatest,orseriesoftests,youbegintoseeeachissueyoufaceasanopportunitytogrow,achancetodiscovermoreaboutlife.Whetheryou’rebeingbombarded(轰炸)withproblems,responsibilities,eveninsurmountable(不能超越的)difficulties,whenlookedatasatest,youalwayshaveachancetosucceed,inthesenseofrisingabovethatwhichischallengingyou.If,ontheotherhand,youseeeachnewissueyoufaceasaseriousbattlethatmustbewoninordertosurvive,you’reprobablyinaveryrockyjourney.Theonlytimeyou’relikelytobehappyiswheneverythingisworkingoutjustright.Andweallknowhowoftenthathappens.Asanexperiment,seeifyoucanapplythisideatosomethingyouareforcedtodealwith.Perhapsyouhavemuchpressurefromyourparentsoryouhaveademandingboss.Seeifyoucanredefinetheissueyoufacefrombeinga“problem”tobeingatest.Ratherthanstrugglingwithyourissue,seeifthereissomethingyoucanlearnfromit.Askyourself,“Whyisthisanissueinmylife?Whatwoulditmeanandwhatwouldbeinvolvedtoriseaboveit?CouldIpossiblylookatthisissueanydifferently?CanIseeitasatestofsomekind?”Ifyougivethisstrategy(策略)atryyoumaybesurprisedatyourchangedresponses.Ithasbecomefarmoreacceptabletometoacceptthingsastheyare.52.Whenyoubegintoconsiderlifeasatest,youwillfind______.A.youarebombardedwithproblemsandresponsibilitiesB.theresultofthetestissogoodthatyouarelikelytobehappyC.youhavemanyopportunitiestogrowD.youhaveaverydemandingboss53.Whenyouseeeachnewissueasaseriousbattle,you______.A.willhavemorechancestosucceedB.arelikelytobecomehappyaboutlifeC.willknowhowoftenithappensD.areprobablytoexperienceabitterlife54.Accordingtothepassage,you’dbetterlookatlifeasatestwhen______.A.youtrytogetthemeaningoftheposterB.youarestrugglingwithyourissueC.youarecarryingoutanexperimentD.youareinaveryrockyjourney55.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslife?A.Heconsiderslifeasatest.BHehasdifficultyinfacinghishardlife.C.Hethinkslifeisfullofhumorouswisdom.D.Hethinkslifeisnotonlyatestbutalsoaseriousbattle.(B)WelcometotravelinNottinghamshireandexperienceourheartwarmingserviceandmore!ThelocalbusnetworkgivesaccesstomostoftheattractionsortouristdestinationsofNottinghamshire,makingiteasyforyoutoenjoyallthatthecountyhastooffer.WhynotletNottinghamshire’sbusesprovideyouwithacheap,convenientandsafewayofenjoyingadayout.Theyeventakeawaytheworryofstoppingforlunch,havingadrinkandthendecidingwho’sgoingtodrivehome,sojustcalmdownandenjoyyourself.SpecialSundayticketsavesyoumoney.NottinghamshireCountyCouncil’sDayRangerticketsgiveyouunlimitedtravelonbusesrightacrossthecountyeverySundayandBankHolidayMondayandwillentitleyoutodiscountsatseveralvisitorattractions.Thismeansthatyoucansavemoneybytravelingbybus.Pricesarecurrently:Adults￡5.00Children&Concessions￡2.50Familyticket

（2adults&upto3children）￡9.00Students￡3.00SimplybuyyourticketonthefirstbusyouboardonaSundayandthentravelwhereveryouwantinNottinghamshirefortherestoftheday.Findingoutaboutgettingaroundthecountycouldn’tbeeasier.Informationonbusserviceiswidelyavailableat:BusstationsLibrariesCountycontactpointsTouristinformationcenters.HotelsNewspaperstandsYoucanalsovisitourwebsiteat:www..uk/busesThereisalsoextensiveinformationonbustravelandtheattractionsofthecounty.Weprovideajourneyplannerandaccesstotimetablesforallthebusservicesoperatinginthecountyaswell.Therearelinkstotheindividualbusoperatorsforfurtherinformationonfaresandspecialoffers.Travelline:08706082608Publictransportinfo:.uk56.Whatcanwedoaccordingtothead?A.Wecanenjoyalloftheattractionsofthecountybybus.B.DayRangerticketscanofferusunlimitedbustravelacrossthecountyeveryday.C.Wemaybeabletovisitsomescenicspotsatafairlylowprice.D.Weneedtopurchaseourticketsanytimewegetonboardthebus.57.InformationonbusservicesisavailableattheseplacesEXCEPT

______.A.visitorattractions B.touristinformationcentersC.theCountyCouncil’swebsite D.universitylibraries58.Ifyouaskforfurtherinformationonfaresoftheindividualbusoperators,youmayaswell______.A.browsewww..uk/busesB.call08706082608C.gototheCountyCouncilD.refertocountycontactpoints（C）ForseveraldaysI(JaneEyre)sawlittleofMr.Rochester.Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighourhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim.Whenhisfootwaswellenough,herodeoutagreatdeal.Duringthistime,allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse,whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile.Hischangesofmannerdidnotoffendme,becauseIsawthatIhadnothingtodowiththecauseofthem.Oneevening,severaldayslater,IwasinvitedtotalktoMr.Rochesterafterdinner.Hewassittinginhisarmchair,andlookednotquitesosevere,andmuchlessgloomy.Therewasasmileonhislips,andhiseyeswerebright,probablywithwine.AsIwaslookingathim,hesuddenlyturned,andaskedme,“DoyouthinkI’mhandsome,MissEyre?”TheanswersomehowslippedfrommytonguebeforeIrealizedit:‘No,sir.”“Ah,youreallyareunusual!Youareaquiet,seriouslittleperson,butyoucanbealmostrude.”“Sir,I’msorry.Ishouldhavesaidthatbeautydoesn’tmatter,orsomethinglikethat,”“No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustab(刺)meintheback!Youhavehonestyandfeeling.Therearenotmanygirlslikeyou.Bu