Unit-2-单元话题完形填空专项练习

Unit2单元话题完形填空专项练习(名校最新真题)（2022·重庆八中高二月考）TrackersonIceJustbecauseascientistputsaGPStrackingcollaronawildpolarbeardoesnotmeantheanimalwillwillinglykeepiton.

___1___,thesehugecollarsarepurposefullyloosesothatifonebecomesannoying,abearcan___2___it.Butscientistshavenowfoundawaytousesignalsfromthediscarded(丢弃的)devices.“Thesedroppedcollars___3___wouldhavebeenconsideredgarbagedata,”saysNatashaKlappstein,apolarbearresearcherattheUniversityofAlberta.Sheandhercolleaguesinsteadused___4___fromsuchcollars,leftonseaiceinCanada'sHudsonBay,totracktheiceitself.Fortheirstudy,publishedinJuneinTheCryosphere,theresearchers___5___twentycollarsthatsentmovementdataconsistent(与······一致的)withicedriftratherthanpolarbear___6___between2005and2015.TheresultingrecordsofhowmeltingicetypicallydriftsinHudsonBayareunique;therearenoeasily___7___on-the-groundsensors,andsatelliteobservationsoftencannot___8___capturethemotionofsmallicesheets.Theteamcomparedthediscardedcollars'movementswithwidelyusedice-driftmodelingdatafromtheU.S.NationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).CollardataindicatedthattheNSIDCmodelunderestimatesthespeedatwhichicemovesaroundinHudsonBay--aswellastheoverall___9___ofdrift.Overthecourseofseveralmonthsthemodelcoulddriftawayfromanicesheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers,theresearcherssay.Thismeansthebearsmaybeworkingharder,whenmovingagainstthedirectionoftheice,thanscientistshad

____10____.“Sincewe'reunderestimatingthespeedofdrift,we'relikelyunderestimatingtheenergeticeffortofpolarbears,"saysNatashaKlappstein.Theresearchreveals____11____insight(洞悉)intohowhighlymobileicemoves.Asmeltingincreasesincomingyears,suchicewilllikelybecomemore____12____farthernorth,inthecentralArctic.ScientistshadknownNSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds,but“anytimewecanfindadata____13____,itisagoodthing.”Plus,suchdatacouldimprovepredictionsabouthowoilspillsorotherpollutantsmayspreadinseas____14____withdriftingice,saysWaltMeier,aseniorNSIDCresearchscientist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Thefindingsmayeven____15____futureNSIDCmodels.“It'sareallynicedataset,”Meiersays."Andcertainlyonewe’lltakeconsideration.1．A．Infact B．Inaway C．Inaddition D．Intheend2．A．destroy B．remove C．resist D．reject3．A．particularly B．relevantly C．intentionally D．potentially4．A．estimates B．subjects C．measurements D．patents5．A．displayed B．identified C．justified D．preserved6．A．behavior B．habitat C．manner D．motion7．A．flexible B．favorable C．accessible D．changeable8．A．internally B．accurately C．securely D．independently9．A．extent B．damage C．trend D．limit10．A．agreed B．promised C．proved D．assumed11．A．immediate B．superior C．entire D．timely12．A．evident B．unique C．common D．realistic13．A．gap B．scan C．boom D．fit14．A．replaced B．littered C．packed D．matched15．A．reverse B．resemble C．influence D．motivate（2021·上海·格致中学高二期末）Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?Whataboutyourfirstheartbreak?____16____momentsandtheemotionstheyarousecanresonateinourmindsfordecades,powerfullyshapingwhoweareasindividuals.Butforthosewhoexperienceseveretrauma(创伤),suchpainfulmemoriescanleavepeoplewithlife-changingmentalconditions.So,whatiftraumaticmemoriesdidnothavetocausesomuch___17___?Fornow,theworkishappeninginmice.Neuroscientistsusuallydefineasingularmemoryasanengram---aphysicalchangeinbraintissue____18____aparticularrecollection.WhileatMITin2013,SteveRamirezofBostonUniversityandhisresearchpartnerXuLiuhadabreakthrough:Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat___19___oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.Intheirwork,mice__20__infeartoaparticularstimulusevenwhentheyhadnotbeenconditionedinadvance.Intheircurrentwork,Ramirezandhiscolleaguesareinvestigatingwhether___21___memoriescanbe“overwritten”bypositiveones.Intheirexperiments,positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesforanhour,andnegativememoriesarecreatedbyputtingthemiceincagesthatdeliverbrieffootshocks.Afterasurgicaloperationonthemice,theresearchersfindthat___22___positivememorieswhilemouseisinacagemakesitlessfearful.Theythinkthatthismemory“retraining"maybehelpingto___23___someofthemouse'strauma.___24___,itisunclearwhetherthoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsuppressed(抑制).__25__Ramirez’steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary(初步的),theyseetreatmentpotentialforhumansdowntheroad.ThosesufferingfromPTSDordepressioncouldhavetheirmemories___26___,forinstance,sothattheydon'thaveastrong___27___responsetopainfulrecollections.Ifit’sonedaypossibletoalterhumanmemory,whoshouldbeallowedtoreceivethattreatment?Andwouldthe___28___systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?ThesearequestionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingaboutbeforethetechnologyisreadyforhumanclinicalsettings.Asneuroscientistsprogresswiththeirresearch,theysaythese___29___issuesarebeingtakenintoaccount.Ramirezseestheideaof

___30___memoriesasneithergoodnorbad.Likewater,itjustdependsonhowyouuseit.16．A．Forgettable B．Memorable C．Sustainable D．Believable17．A．fruit B．difference C．pain D．movement18．A．associatedwith B．exchangedfor C．sentencedto D．deprivedof19．A．putoff B．pickup C．turnon D．makeup20．A．reacted B．hurried C．stunned D．resolved21．A．short-term B．negative C．enjoyable D．reliable22．A．deleting B．decreasing C．activating D．pausing23．A．recreate B．eliminate C．liberate D．memorize24．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Indeed D．However25．A．Since B．Unless C．Until D．While26．A．removed B．strengthened C．altered D．stimulated27．A．emotional B．physical C．controversial D．mechanical28．A．immune B．justice C．medical D．commerce29．A．mental B．ethical C．criminal D．equality30．A．killing B．multiplying C．controlling D．justifying（2022·全国·高二单元测试）Recentlywecarriedoutasurveyof1,000peoplefromdifferentcountriestofindoutwhattheythink___31___willbelikeinthefuture.Theresultsclearlyshowbothour

___32___andfears.Thesurveysuggeststhat___33___—oneofthemostimportanthumanrelationships—willchangegreatly.People

willmake

friends

throughtheInternet.Computerswillbecomereally___34___by2050.Evennow,somepeopledescribethemastheirbestfriends!Others,___35___,saythatwewillbecomemuchmoreisolated(孤立的)fromeachother

___36___wewillhavelittlerealhumancommunication.Educationwill

___37___alottoo.Asmoreandmorechildrenwillbeusingcomputersinschools,certain

___38___,suchasmentalarithmetic(心算),won’tbenecessary.Evenwritingbyhandwillhavebecomeathingofthe___39___.Accordingtothesurvey,homelifewillbe____40____.Mostpeoplebelievethatby2050robotswillbedoingthehouseworkandwewillbeeating____41____food.Alotofpeoplethinkthatwemightonlycookforfuninthefuture.Spaceexplorationwillbecomeincreasingly____42____.Fiftypercentofthepeoplewetalkedto

____43____thatmanwillregularly(定期地)visitMars.Pollutionissomethingthatseemsto

____44____manypeople.Somefearthatitwill____45____to

getworse,andthatourplanetwillbecome____46____toliveon.Otherseven

____47____thatonedaywe'llhavetopayforcleanair.____48____,peopleseemtobequiteoptimisticaboutgeneticengineering(基因工程),astheythinkscientistswilluseitto

____49____diseaseslikecancerandAIDS.Nomatterhowdarkorbrightitmayseem,itisuptousto

____50____ourplanetandtrytomakeitabetterplace.31．A．education B．life C．nature D．space32．A．hopes B．tears C．rights D．plans33．A．marriage B．leadership C．friendship D．neighborhood34．A．private B．perfect C．necessary D．expensive35．A．however B．instead C．anyhow D．therefore36．A．until B．unless C．because D．although37．A．provide B．complete C．receive D．change38．A．facts B．abilities C．goals D．thoughts39．A．end B．past C．moment D．future40．A．busier B．safer C．sadder D．easier41．A．unhealthy B．frozen C．over-cooked D．ready-made42．A．famous B．cheap C．popular D．difficult43．A．doubt B．believe C．remember D．warn44．A．confuse B．frighten C．satisfy D．worry45．A．stop B．continue C．refuse D．begin46．A．cold B．impossible C．suitable D．free47．A．expect B．promise C．predict D．wish48．A．Asaresult B．Inotherwords C．Inasimilarway D．Ontheotherhand49．A．catch B．spread C．prevent D．carry50．A．takeover B．lookafter C．payfor D．thinkabout（2021·全国·高二单元测试）Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture?Howaboutin5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakea____51____,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfrom____52____heistoday,formanisslowly____53____allthetime.Letustakeanexample.Man,even500yearsago,was____54____thanheistoday.Now,onaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.500yearsisarelativelyshortperiodof____55____,sowemayguessthatmanwill____56____togrowtaller.Again,inmodernworldweuseour____57____agreatdeal.Evenso,westill____58____onlyabout20%ofthebrain’scapacity(容量).Astime____59____,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore--andfinallyweshallneedevenlargerones!Thisislikelyto____60____aphysicalchange,too.Thehead,____61____,theforehead,willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesarein____62____use.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweakerandwehavetowear____63____.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman’seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand,we____64____tomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,____65____ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitive(敏感的)becausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair?Thiswillprobably____66____fromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnot____67____ausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelytobebald(无发或少发的).Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeavery____68____creaturetolookat!Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotin____69____withus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,with____70____andemotionssimilartoourown.51．A．guess B．research C．joke D．decision52．A．what B．how C．that D．which53．A．dying B．changing C．growing D．improving54．A．longer B．taller C．bigger D．shorter55．A．journey B．life C．time D．distance56．A．stop B．continue C．keep D．hope57．A．minds B．heads C．brains D．hearts58．A．occupy B．choose C．control D．use59．A．passesdown B．goeson C．movesaway D．runsout60．A．cause B．take C．occur D．lead61．A．intotal B．introuble C．inparticular D．incharge62．A．constant B．practical C．proper D．suitable63．A．hats B．smiles C．clothes D．glasses64．A．plan B．mean C．tend D．decide65．A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．besides66．A．grow B．appear C．disappear D．survive67．A．have B．keep C．hold D．serve68．A．attractive B．ugly C．special D．ordinary69．A．size B．difference C．appearance D．common70．A．bodies B．thoughts C．mouths D．noses（2021·吉林·长春市第二十九中学高二阶段练习）WhenIwasaboyIdreamedofmyfuture.Iwasgoingtobeacowboy.ThenIdreamedofbeingafirefighterand____71____peoplefromburningbuildings.Ijustcouldn’t____72____togrowupandbeanadult.AfterIwenttocollegeandthosedreams____73____.IthoughtIwouldbeascientist,thenIswitchedtobeingateacher.WhenI____74____andhadchildren,mydreamsofthefuturechangedagain.Nowitwasn’tsomucha____75____careerthatIdreamedofbutatimewhenIcouldbesettledand____76____andmyfamilyandIwouldfinallybeproblemfree.Thatdream,ofcourse,didn’t____77____.Infact,noneofthosedreamsevercametolife.Ittookmemanyyearsaswellto____78____thatlivinginadreamfuturewaslivingina____79____andthateachmomentIspenttherewastakingamomentawayfromthe_____80_____NOW.Isawthattherecouldbenoperfect,problemfreefuturebecauseproblemsareapartof_____81_____.ItisonlyintheNOWthatwecantrulylive.Ourdreamsforthefuturearejustthat:_____82_____.Whethertheycometrueornotisn’tas_____83_____ashowweliveeachdayhere.Ahugsharedtodaycanneverbe_____84_____.Anactofkindnessnotgivennowislostforever.Amomentoflovemissedcanneverbe_____85_____again.EachsecondoftheNOWispreciousandpriceless.Don’twasteaoneofthem.71．A．liberating B．carrying C．rescuing D．supporting72．A．wait B．stop C．stay D．rest73．A．remained B．matched C．broke D．changed74．A．retired B．married C．succeeded D．divorced75．A．certain B．firm C．promising D．professional76．A．silent B．gentle C．secure D．uncertain77．A．lose B．happen C．produce D．destroy78．A．recognize B．appreciate C．conclude D．realize79．A．hope B．fantasy C．fable D．vision80．A．precious B．favorite C．common D．popular81．A．activity B．movement C．life D．business82．A．realities B．dreams C．purposes D．treasures83．A．famous B．serious C．impressive D．important84．A．replaced B．followed C．recovered D．reviewed85．A．pickedup B．brokenup C．madeup D．putup（2020·全国·高二专题练习）FindingHome“IhateNewOrleans!Iwannagohome!”I___86___tomymotheraswemovedboxes.___87___,goinghomewasnoteasybecausemyhomewas1,100milesaway.Iwasbornand___88___innorthernVirginia.Virginiawasmyhome,andIneverexpectedthatto___89___.In2014,myfamilyexperiencedatragedy(悲剧),somyparentsdecidedtomovetomymom’shometownofNewOrleans.Onlythreemonthsaftermyparentsmadethe___90___tomove,Ifoundmyselfmovingboxesintoournewhouse.MyannouncementtomymotherthatI___91___thenewenvironmentwaspartlymotivatedbyhowhotitwas,butitwasmostlyduetothefactthatIfeltlikemyentirelifehadbeenturnedupsidedown.1,100milesawayfromeveryoneandeverythingIhadeverknown,Iwas___92___.Tomakemattersworse,IwasstartinghighschoolintwoweeksBeginninghighschoolisascary___93___onitsown.IspentmyfirstfewmonthsinNewOrleans,___94___wantingtogohometoVirginia.Butafterafewmonthsofmissinghome,I____95____thatIhadachoice.IcouldcontinuethinkingabouthowmuchImissedmyoldhome,____96____Icouldstarttryingtobuildanewhomerighthere.Ichosethelatter.AssoonasIstoppedgivingallmy____97____tohowmuchImissedVirginia,Iwasabletobeginacceptingthelovethatpeoplewerealreadygivingme.Ijoinedsomeclubsatschool,whichgavemethechancetomakefriends.MyneighbortaughtmehowtocooksomeNewOrleansfood,andIfoundawonderful____98____offellowcooksandneighbors.Overall,Iseizedeverypossibleopportunityto____99____myselfandtorebuildmylife.Becauseofmyresilience(复原力)increatinganewhomeformyselfandthe____100____thatpeoplehaveshowntome,homeisrighthere.86．A．announced B．replied C．turned D．pointed87．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Besides88．A．trained B．raised C．promoted D．fed89．A．develop B．continue C．exist D．change90．A．attempt B．suggestion C．excuse D．decision91．A．preferred B．missed C．hated D．imagined92．A．surprised B．frightened C．delighted D．relieved93．A．performance B．activity C．presentation D．experience94．A．partly B．badly C．slightly D．hardly95．A．realized B．remembered C．observed D．complained96．A．and B．but C．or D．so97．A．attention B．patience C．trust D．confidence98．A．generation B．community C．race D．school99．A．teach B．accept C．judge D．better100．A．belief B．freedom C．love D．interest参考答案：1．A

2．B

3．D

4．C

5．B

6．D

7．C

8．B

9．A

10．D

11．D

12．C

13．A

14．B

15．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家通过被丢弃的项圈获得数据来研究北极冰的移动。1．考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A.Infact事实上；B.Inaway某种程度上；C.Inaddition另外；D.Intheend最后。根据上下文可知，科学家将GPS跟踪项圈放在野生北极熊身上，并不意味着北极熊会愿意继续使用它。后文表示实际情况，项圈是故意松开的，可以被北极熊摘下的。故选A项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，这样如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A.destroy摧毁；B.remove移掉，脱下，摘下；C.resist抵抗，抵制；D.reject拒绝。此处表示北极熊不愿带项圈时，项圈是可以被北极熊摘下的。故选B项。3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这些掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据，”阿尔伯塔大学的北极熊研究人员娜塔莎·克拉普斯坦说。A.particularly尤其；B.relevantly相关地；C.intentionally有意地；D.potentially有可能地。根据上文语境，由于项圈可以被松开，因此，这部分掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据。故选D项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她和她的同事利用遗留在加拿大哈德逊湾的冰块上留下的项圈上的测量数据来追踪冰块本身。A.estimates估计；B.subjects主题；C.measurements测量数据；D.patents专利。与上文garbagedata呼应，根据本句中“fromsuchcollars”可知，在项圈上的应该是测量数据。故选C项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在《冰冻圈》上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A.displayed展示；B.identified识别，鉴定；C.justified证明合法；D.preserved保护。此处是出于研究目的，从四个选项来看只有identified最符合搭配。故选B项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在《冰冻圈》上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A.behavior行为；B.habitat栖息地；C.manner方式、礼仪；D.motion运动。本题为单词复现题。第8空所在的句子“andsatelliteobservationsoftencannotaccuratelycapturethemotionofsmallicesheets”中出现了motion。故选D项。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A.flexible灵活的；B.favorable赞许的；C.accessible易接近的、可理解的；D.changeable可改变的。根据“oftencannot”及“noeasily”可知，此处表示无法探测地面传感器。故选C项。8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A.internally内部地；B.accurately精确地；C.securely安全地；D.independently独立地。根据“capturethemotionofsmallicesheets”及“noeasily”可知，此处表示无法精确捕捉小冰原的运动。故选B项。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：项圈数据表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德逊湾海冰移动的速度——以及漂移的总体范围。A.extent范围；B.damage毁坏；C.trend趋势；D.limit限制。根据下文“Overthecourseofseveralmonthsthemodelcoulddriftawayfromanicesheet'slocationbyafewhundredkilometers”可知，此处指总体的漂移范围。故选A项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着北极熊在逆冰移动的时候可能比科学家们想象的更加努力。A.agreed同意；B.promised保证；C.proved证明；D.assumed设想，假设。根据后文的“underestimating”可知，此处表示科学家的设想。故选D项。11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项研究及时地揭示了高速移动的冰是如何移动的。A.immediate立刻的；B.superior更好的，上级的；C.entire整体的；D.timely及时的。从文章后面对于近年冰盖变化的描述来看，此处是表达科学家对于冰盖漂移发现的及时性。故选D项。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于冰川融化在未来几年会增加，这样的冰块在更北边的地方可能会变得更常见。A.evident清晰可见的；B.unique独一无二的；C.common普通的，常见的；D.realistic现实的。根据“Asmeltingincreasesincomingyears”推测，这样的冰块在北方更为常见。故选C项。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们已经知道NSIDC的数据可能会低估漂移速度，但“任何时候我们都能发现数据缺口，这是一件好事。”A.gap缺口；B.scan扫描；C.boom（贸易和经济活动的）激增；D.fit（癫痫等的）突发，发作。根据“NSIDCdatacouldunderestimatedriftspeeds”和“itisagoodthing.”可知，这里指发现数据缺口。故选A项。14．考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：此外，未参与这项研究的NSIDC资深研究科学家WaltMeier说：“这些数据可以改善对溢油或其他污染物如何在满是浮冰的海洋中扩散的预测。”A.replaced被替换的；B.littered散放的；C.packed被打包的；D.matched被配对的。此处“litteredwithdriftingice”修饰“ocean”，为过去分词作后置定语，意思为：满是浮冰的。故选B项。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的发现甚至也许会影响未来的NSIDC模型。A.reverse逆转；B.resemble类似，像；C.influence影响；D.motivate激励。上文有提到模型和实际的差距，因此这项研究只能影响到新的模型，做出调整和改进。故选C项。16．B

17．C

18．A

19．D

20．A

21．B

22．C

23．B

24．D

25．D

26．C

27．A

28．B

29．B

30．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了神经科学家们在老鼠身上做实验，看是否可以改变大脑中有关痛苦的那些记忆，且该实验已经取得初步效果。16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些记忆深刻的时刻和他们激起的情感可以几十年在我们的头脑中产生共鸣，塑造着我们是谁。A.Forgettable忘记了的；B.Memorable记忆深刻的；C.Sustainable可持续的；D.Believable可以相信的。根据上句“Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?”（作者问第一次骑车的时候）可知，作者在讲过去的记忆。故选B。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这些创伤不会造成如此多的伤害，那会怎么样呢？A.fruit水果；B.difference不同，影响；C.pain痛苦；D.movement运动。根据上句“suchpainfulmemoriescanleavepeoplewithlife-changingmentalconditions.（这些痛苦的记忆会给人们带来改变生活的精神状况。）“创伤”应该是痛苦的经历，所以会造成“痛苦”。故选C。18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：神经系统科学家通常定义一个记忆为“一个印迹符号”--在大脑组织中的和一个特定的记忆有关的物理改变。A.associatedwith和...有关；B.exchangedfor交换；C.sentencedto判刑；D.deprivedof剥夺。“defineasingularmemoryas”本句解释的是“memory”的定义，recllection是它的近义词，因此应该是“和它相关的”。故选A。19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们能够瞄准那个构成记忆符号的细胞，然后植入一个虚假的记忆。A.putoff推迟；B.pickup捡起；C.turnon打开；D.makeup构成。根据“aphysicalchangeinbraintissue3aparticularrecollection.”（科学家对“engram”的定义）可知，那个细胞储存着记忆，构成了记忆符号。故选D。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的工作中，老鼠会对某个特定的刺激作出惊恐的反应，即使当它们提前没有遭遇到这种情况。A.reacted反应；B.hurried匆忙；C.stunned震惊；D.resolved决心。根据“Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat4oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.”（科学家们在做研究，“往它们体内植入虚假的记忆”），所以应该是老鼠对此作出反应。故选A。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们当前的工作中，他和同事正在调查是否这些消极的记忆可以被积极的记忆改写。A.short-term长期的；B.negative消极的；C.enjoyable快乐的；D.reliable可靠的。根据后文的“be“overwritten”bypositiveones”可知，本空应该是它的反义词。故选B。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对老鼠进行外科手术之后科学家们发现，当老鼠在笼子里的时候激活那些积极的记忆会让它不再那么恐惧。A.deleting删除；B.decreasing减少；C.activating激活；D.pausing暂停。根据“positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesforanhour”，（科学家们对老鼠输入了积极的记忆），所以推测本句指“激活”这些积极记忆。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们认为这种记忆的“重新训练”有助于去除掉老鼠的一些创伤。A.recreate重新创造；B.eliminate消除；C.liberate解放；D.memorize记住。根据下文，“itisunclearwhetherthoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsuppressed”（不知这些原始恐惧是否完全消失）可知，本句指这样做可以“消除”掉一些创伤。故选B。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，是否这些原始的恐惧记忆完全消除或抑制是不清楚的。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides另外；C.Indeed实际上；D.However然而。根据上文“Theythinkthatthismemory“retraining"maybehelpingto8someofthemouse'strauma.”，这样做有助于消除恐惧记忆，下句又讲“能否完全消除还不清楚”，因此两句之间是转折关系。故选D。25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的团队强调他们在老鼠身上的成果只是初步的，但是他们也看到了在这条路上为人类治疗的潜力。A.Since因为；B.Unless除非；C.Until直到；D.While然而。根据从句中“preliminary(初步的)”一词，及主句中“潜力”一词，可推出主从句之间为转折关系。故选D。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人们就可以让他们的记忆被转换，以致于他们对痛苦的经历没有一种强烈的反应。A.removed移除；B.strengthened加强；C.altered转换；D.stimulated刺激。根据“Ramirez’steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary(初步的),theyseetreatmentpotentialforhumansdowntheroad”，“科学家们在对老鼠做实验的成效中，看到了人类治疗的潜能”，所以本句是这种“潜能”应用的例子，就是可以转换人的记忆。故选C。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人们就可以让他们的记忆被转换，以致于他们对痛苦的经历没有一种强烈的反应。A.emotional情感的；B.physical身体的C.controversial传统的；D.mechanical机械的；本空修饰“responsetopainfulrecollection”’（人对痛苦回忆的反应），这种反应应该是“情感上的”。故选A。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果关键的证人和受害者不能记得犯罪事件，那么执法系统会处于不利地位吗?A.immune免疫的；B.justice公正的，正义，执法制度；C.medical医疗的；D.commerce商业。根据“systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?”意思，证人和受害者不记得犯罪事件后，那么“执法部门”就无法找到确切的犯罪证据。故选B。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伴随着神经科学家们的研究进展，他们说这些道德上的问题也正在被考虑中。A.mental精神的；B.ethical道德上的，伦理的；C.criminal罪犯的；D.equality平等性。根据“ThesearequestionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingabout”作者提出，如果这种技术应用在人身上后，会出现的各种问题可知，这些问题都属于“道德”方面的。故选B。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ramirez认为这种控制记忆的想法既不是好的，也不是坏的，这取决于你怎样使用它。A.killing杀害；B.multiplying繁殖；C.controlling控制；D.justifying证明...合法，辩护。根据“memoriescanbe“overwritten”bypositiveones”可知，本文主要讲“改变人的记忆”的问题，所以这里应该是“控制记忆”。故选C。【点睛】31．B

32．A

33．C

34．C

35．A

36．C

37．D

38．B

39．B

40．D

41．D

42．C

43．B

44．D

45．B

46．B

47．C

48．D

49．C

50．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章是人们对未来生活看法的问卷调查结果。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，我们对来自不同国家的1000人进行了一项调查，以了解他们对未来生活的看法。A.education教育；B.life生活；C.nature自然；D.space太空。根据下文描述的交友、教育、太空探索以及污染问题等可知，此问卷调查是关于未来“生活(life)”的。故选B。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果清楚地显示了我们的期许和担忧。A.hopes期许，希望；B.tears眼泪；C.rights权力；D.plans计划。根据本空后的fears以及下文描述的未来生活的不同方面可知，问卷结果显示了人们对未来生活的“期许(hopes)”和担忧。故选A。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项调查表明，友谊——最重要的人际关系之一——将发生巨大变化。A.marriage婚姻；B.leadership领导才能；C.friendship友谊；D.neighborhood地区效应。根据下文的“oneofthemostimportanthumanrelationships”和“PeoplewillmakefriendsthroughtheInternet”可知，此处是说未的“友谊(friendship)”会发生巨大的改变。故选C。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到2050年，计算机将变得非常必要。A.private私人的；B.perfect完美的；C.necessary必须的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据本段描述电脑对人们的影响可知，到2050年，电脑将变得“必不可少(necessary)”。故选C。35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们将变得更加孤立，因为我们将很少有真正的人类交流。A.however然而；B.instead相反，代替；C.anyhow无论如何；D.therefore因此。“一些人认为电脑是最好的朋友”和“有些人认为人与人之间将变得更加孤立”之间是转折关系，需用表示转折关系的副词however。故选A。36．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们将变得更加孤立，因为我们将很少有真正的人类交流。A.until直到；B.unless除非；C.because因为；D.although尽管。“缺少真实的人际交流”是“人们变得更加孤立”的原因，所以空处需用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育也会改变很多。A.provide提供；B.complete完成；C.receive收到；D.change改变。根据下文描述心算变得没有必要可知，未来的教育也会“改变(change)”很多。故选D。38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着越来越多的孩子在学校里使用计算机，某些能力，如心算，将不再是必要的。A.facts事实；B.abilities能力；C.goals目标；D.thoughts思想。根据空后“suchasmentalarithmetic(心算)”可知，此处指的是某些能力。故选B。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使是手写也将成为过去。A.end结束；B.past过去；C.moment时刻；D.future将来。由于电脑的普及，某些“技能(abilities)”，如心算，将没有必要。甚至用手写字也会变得过时。athingofthepast指“过时的事物”，固定搭配。故选B。40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据调查，家庭生活会更轻松。A.busier更忙碌的；B.safer更安全的；C.

sadder更悲伤的；D.easier更容易的。根据下文的“robotswillbedoingthehousework”可知，未来家庭生活将变得“更轻松(easier)”。故选D。41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人相信，到2050年，机器人将做家务，我们将吃已经做好的食物。A.unhealthy不健康的；B.frozen冷冻的；C.over-cooked煮老的；D.ready-made已做好的，预制的。根据下文的“wemightonlycookforfuninthefuture”可知，到2050年人们基本不做饭，而是吃“已经做好的(ready-made)”饭。故选D。42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太空探索将越来越受欢迎。A.famous著名的；B.cheap便宜的；C.popular流行的；D.difficult困难的。根据下文的“manwillregularlyvisitMars”可知，未来的太空探索将非常“流行(popular)”。故选C。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们交谈过的人中有50%相信人类会定期访问火星。A.doubt怀疑；B.believe相信；C.remember记得；D.warn警告。根据上文的Mostpeoplebelieve可知，50%的受访者“相信(believe)”人类会定期拜访火星。故选B。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：污染似乎让许多人担心。A.confuse使困惑；B.frighten使害怕；C.satisfy使满足；D.worry担心。根据下文的“Somefearthat.”可知，环境污染让很多人“担心(worry)”。故选D。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些人担心情况会继续恶化，我们的星球将变得不可能生存下去。A.stop停止；B.continue继续；C.refuse拒绝；D.begin开始。本段指污染带给人们的影响。有些人担心如果环境“继续(continue)”变糟糕，在地球上居住将变得“不可能(impossible)”。故选B。46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些人担心情况会继续恶化，我们的星球将变得不可能生存下去。A.cold寒冷的；B.impossible不可能的；C.suitable合适的；D.free自由的，免费的。前文提到环境如果继续恶化，那么在地球上居住将不可能。故选B。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人甚至预测，总有一天我们要为清洁的空气买单。A.expect期待；B.promise承诺；C.predict预测；D.wish希望。根据前文可知，环境污染了，这使得有些人“预测(predict)”有一天呼吸干净的空气也需要付费。故选C。48．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：另一方面，人们似乎对基因工程相当乐观，因为他们认为科学家将利用它来预防癌症和艾滋病等疾病。A.Asaresult结果；B.Inotherwords换言之；C.Inasimilarway以相似的方法；D.Ontheotherhand另一方面。对未来生活，人们一方面担心环境污染，而“另一方面(Ontheotherhand)”则对基因工程相当乐观。故选D。49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，人们似乎对基因工程相当乐观，因为他们认为科学家将利用它来预防癌症和艾滋病等疾病。A.catch抓住；B.spread传播；C.prevent阻止；D.carry携带。根据上文的“bequiteoptimistic”可知，有一些人相信科学家可以利用基因工程“防治(prevent)”诸如癌症和艾滋这样的疾病。故选C。50．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不管它看起来有多暗或多亮，都要由我们来照顾我们的星球，并努力使它成为一个更好的地方。A.takeover接管；B.lookafter照顾；C.payfor为……付款；D.thinkabout考虑。根据上述调查结果以及作者的结论“trytomakeitabetterplace”可知，作者认为我们应该“照顾(lookafter)”好地球。故选B。51．A

52．A

53．B

54．D

55．C

56．B

57．C

58．D

59．B

60．A

61．C

62．A

63．D

64．C

65．B

66．C

67．D

68．A

69．D

70．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍关于未来人类外貌的猜测，告诉我们未来的人看起来与我们可能会完全不同。51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们只能作一个猜测，但我们可以肯定，他将不同于今天的他，因为人类一直在慢慢地变化。A.guess猜测；B.research研究；C.joke玩笑；D.decision决定。根据上文Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture?Howaboutin5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?可知，此处是指对未来的人类进行猜测。故选A。52．考查连接词辨析。句意：当然，我们只能作一个猜测，但我们可以肯定，他将不同于今天的他，因为人类一直在慢慢地变化。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，指代外表应用what。故选A。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们只能作一个猜测，但我们可以肯定，他将不同于今天的他，因为人类一直在慢慢地变化。A.dying死亡；B.changing改变；C.growing成长；D.improving改善。根据最后一段第二句“Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,”以及全文的描述可知，通篇都是描述未来人类的变化，故此处是指人类在不断变化中。故选B。54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人类，即使在500年前，也比今天矮。A.longer更长的；B.taller更高的；C.bigger更大的；D.shorter更矮的。根据下一句中“Now,ontheaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.”现在的人类比过去的人类平均高三英寸，可推知，过去的人类要矮得多。故选D。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：500年是一个相对短的时间，所以我们可以