2019届江苏专用高考英语大一轮复习第一部分模块五Unit3Scienceandnature讲义牛津译林版

Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用1.核心词汇①________n.利润，收益

vi.&vt.获益；对……有用②________n.总结；概括，概要③exactadj.精确的，准确的→________adv.精确地，准确地；确实如此④________n.意图，目的；企图→intendvt.&vi.打算，计划，想要→________adj.打算的，计划的⑤adoptvt.收养，领养；采用，采纳→________n.收养，领养；采用→________adj.收养的，领养的⑥professionn.职业，行业→________adj.职业的

n.专业人员⑦________n.关系；亲戚→relatevt.&vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述→________adj.相关的⑧________n.多数，大多数→majoradj.主要的；多数的

vi.主修→________n.少数民族；少数，少数人⑨________n.仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及→considerv.考虑；认为→________adj.考虑周到的，体贴的→________prep.&conj.考虑到，鉴于，就……而言→________adj.相当多(大、重要等)的答案①profit

②summary③exactly

④intention；intended⑤adoption；adopted

⑥professional⑦relation；related

⑧majority；minority

⑨consideration；considerate；considering；considerable2.常考词汇①transformvt.________②nutritionn.________③conceptn.________④real-lifeadj.________⑤physiciann.________⑥harvestvt.&vi.________⑦rainforestn.________⑧chainn.________⑨foodchainn.________答案①使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态②营养

③概念；观念④真实的，现实生活中的⑤医师，内科医生⑥收割(庄稼)

⑦雨林⑧一系列；一连串(人或事)

⑨食物链用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Formanyyears，the________(major)ofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.2.Hewasfoundstealingitemsfromtheshopwhereheworked.________(consequence)，hewastakenoffhisposition.3.Theoldmanlivedwithhisthree________(adopt)childrenandtheyenjoyedahappylife.4.Everything________(consider)，thisplanisquitepractical.5.________(actual)，heisfromAustralia.6.________(brief)speaking，Ican’tagreewithyoumore.7.Heissaidtobe________(relate)withtheSmithsbymarriage.8.Inever________thingstoturnoutthewaytheydidandIhadleftwiththe________offindingabetterjobforher.(intend)9.Weneedtoaskourparentsfor________beforewestartthejourney.Iftheydon’t________ustotakeajourney，wemustwaitforanothertime.(permit)10.Thoseideaswerethe________ofourproject，whichwas________intendedtohelpthosewhocouldn’tgotoschool.Butaftercarefulconsideration，wechangedour________planintoanotheronecoveringawidervarietyofchildrenintrouble.(origin)答案1.majority

2.Consequently

3.adopted

4.considered5.Actually6.Briefly

7.related

8.intended；intention9.permission；permit

10.origin；originally；original❶形近词归纳①adopt采纳；收养—adapt适应；改编②pest害虫—nest窝，巢③hunger饥荒—hunter猎人④follow跟随—fellow家伙，同事⑤concert音乐会—concept概念⑥goal目标；球门—goat山羊⑦call电话—cell细胞；电池⑧intention意图，目的—invention发明【联想·积累】❷“词中词”法帮你记①firm→confirm

证实，证明②form→transform

使改观③sum→summary

总结，概要④rate→accurate

精确的⑤culture→agriculture

农业⑥source→resource

资源⑦come→income

收入⑧fit→profit

利润❸聚焦-able结尾形容词①reliable可以信赖的②enjoyable令人喜爱的③comfortable舒适的④suitable适合的⑤available可以利用的⑥valuable有价值的⑦reasonable合乎情理的⑧believable可信的开心词场→核心单词串记Withthepermissionofhisfamilymembersandrelations，thesurgeon，asaprofessional，adoptedthebreakthroughinmedicalfieldandconductedanoperationonhim.Theresultconfirmedthedoctor’soriginal

conjecture.Hehadsufferedcancerandsomekindoftissuehadbeendamaged，whichbroughtanxietytohisfamily.Actually，thiskindofdiseasecannotbecuredatpresent.Their

intentionwasnotrealized.Nodoubtthiswasacatastrophetothisfamily.Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用1.动词(＋副词)＋介词①concentrate________集中精力于，全神贯注于②comment________对……进行评论③pushahead________努力推进④succeed________doing成功地做答案①on

②on

③with

④in2.介词短语①ontheonehand...onthe________hand一方面……另一方面……②inagreement________赞成，同意；与……一致③________favourof赞同，支持④________summary概括地说⑤________sale供出售⑥________theintentionof以……为意图；为了……目的⑦________one’swayto(doing)sth

某事即将发生答案①other

②with

③in④in

⑤for

⑥with

⑦on3.其他①followinone’s________效仿某人②take...________consideration认真考虑③bestrongly________强烈反对④belimited________局限于答案①footsteps

②into

③against④to用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1.TheMinistryofEducationinChinais________itscurriculumreform(课程改革)，whichwillhavegoodconsequences.2.Ican’t________mystudieswithallthatnoisegoingonoutside.3.Theteachingofhistoryshouldnot________datesandfigures.4.Happyandcalmisthemanwho________allthesepossibilities________andarrivesattheappointmenteitherearlyorontime.5.Obviously，thisisasample(样本)________，sodon’texpecttoseeitanytime.6.ItalkedtoSusieaboutourplan，andshe’sall________joiningus.7.Whathesaysisalways________________whathedoes.8.Canyou________thecurrentsituation?答案1.pushingaheadwith

2.concentrateon

3.belimitedto4.takes；intoconsideration

5.forsale

6.infavorof

7.inagreementwith

8.commenton【联想·积累】❶你会“总结”吗？①insummary ②inconclusion③inbrief ④inshort⑤inaword ⑥tobeshort⑦tosumup❷for短语T台秀①forsale出售

②forexample例如③forfun为了娱乐

④forsure确信⑤forfree免费❸place短语小结①takeplace发生；举行②taketheplaceof代替，取代③inplaceof代替④outofplace不在适当位置⑤inplace在适当位置⑥takeone’splace取代Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用原句背诵感悟1.ThefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwasDollythesheep.

第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。2.Theboywasmorefrightenedthanhurt.

与其说这个男孩受伤倒不如说是害怕。3.Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.

转基因食品就是最好的例子。4.Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并不是所有对自然最好的事情对人类也是最好的。5.OneaimofGMresearchistoproducefoodwhichwillmakeushealthier.转基因研究的一个目的是生产出能让我们更健康的食品。句型公式仿写1.thefirst＋(n./pron.)＋不定式

MoYanis________________theNobelPrizeforLiterature.

莫言是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国人。2.more...than...与其说……倒不如说……Heis________________.

与其说他是一个教师，不如说是一名学者。3.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级

Icouldn’tthinkof_____________________________________.

我再也想不出比这更好的主意了。4.noteverything...表示部分否定

________________fondoffootball./________________fondoffootball.

并不是每一名同学都喜欢足球。5.make＋复合宾语

Wemust________________.

我们必须把校园变得更加美丽。答案1.thefirstChinesetowin

2.moreascholarthanateacher

3.abetteridea

4.Noteverystudentis；Everystudentisnot

5.makeourschoolmorebeautiful【联想·积累】“否定词＋比较级”结构(1)否定词为not：这类句子意为“没有更……”“不会更……”“不比……更”，根据不同的语境可以译为“再……不过”、“非常……”“……得不得了”、“最……”等。Iwassonervous，butshecouldn’thavebeennicertome.我非常紧张，但是，她对我非常好。(2)否定词为nothing：这类句子的基本意为“没有什么更……”，根据不同的语境有时可以直译，有时也译为“最……”、“再……不过了”等。Shelikesnothingbetterthananicelongwalkalongthebeach.没有什么比她沿着海滩漫步更令她喜欢的了。[单

词

点

睛]1.intentionn.意图，目的；企图(1)withtheintentionof...以……为目的(2)intendtodo/doingsth打算做某事intendsbtodosth打算让某人做某事hadintendedtodosth/intendedtohavedonesth本来打算做某事beintendedtodosth/forsth专门为……；专门给……单项填空/完成句子①I’veno________ofchangingmyplansjusttofitinwithhis.A.consequence

B.intentionC.anxiety

D.identity②I_________________________(本来打算赶早班火车)，butIdidn’tgetupintime.③I____________________________(打算用报告作为证据)tosupportmycase.④Thisprogramwassetup_________________(以为无家可归者提供帮助为目的).答案①B

[havenointentionofdoingsth“不想做某事”。]②hadintendedtocatchtheearlytrain

③intendedtouse/usingthereportasevidence

④withtheintentionofprovidinghelptohomelesspeople2.adoptvt.收养，领养；采用，采纳(1)adoptapolicy/one’sidea采纳某项政策/某人的意见adoptamethod/measures采用方法/采取措施(2)adoptedadj.收养的adoptionn.收养；采取【特别提醒】

adopt与adapt是容易混淆的形似词；adapt意为“适应，改编”。[妙语助记]

Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths，theorphancametoadapttohisnewlife.这对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孤儿渐渐适应了他的新生活。单项填空①Hissuggestionhasbeen________bypeopleinmanypartsoftheworld.A.adopting

B.adoptedC.adapted

D.adapting②Itoccurredtomethathe________agirlwhoseparentsdiedintheearthquake.A.adapted

B.adoptedC.adored

D.arranged答案①B

[句意：他的建议被世界许多地方的人所采纳。主语和动词之间是被动关系，排除A、D项，adopt“采纳”，故正确答案为B。]②B

[adopt“收养”，符合句意。](1)infavourof赞同，支持insb’s

favour

对某人有利；有助于某人(2)askafavourofsb请某人帮忙dosbafavour/doafavourforsb给某人以恩惠；帮某人一个忙3.favour(favor)

n.赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒单项填空①—MayIaska________ofyoutofetchsomejuice?—Withpleasure.A.favour

B.requestC.help

D.command②I’llraisebothhands________banningsmokinginsidetheschoolyard.A.in

favourof B.inmemoryofC.in

honourof D.insearchof答案①A

[askafavourofsb

“请某人帮个忙”，为固定搭配。]②A

[句意：我将举双手赞成校园内禁止吸烟。infavourof“支持，拥护”；inmemoryof“为了纪念”；inhonourof“为了纪念……，为了庆祝……”，

insearchof“搜寻，寻找”。根据句意可知A项正确。](1)ina/themajority占大多数a/themajorityof大多数……by/withamajorityof以大多数……(2)minorityn.少数intheminority占少数4.majorityn.多数，大多数【特别提醒】themajority作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可；the/amajorityof＋名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与该名词的数一致。单项填空/完成句子①One-thirdofthecountry________coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens________blackpeople.A.is；are B.is；isC.are；are D.are；is②Forexample，ifyoulookattheaudienceataclassicalconcert，____________________.(2014·安徽，任务型读写)例如，你看一看听古典音乐会的观众，大部分是五十岁以上的。答案①A

[分数、百分比、themajorityof,theminorityof等结构的单复数取决于其后面所跟的名词的单复数。thecountry是单数，而thecitizens是复数，故选A。]②themajorityis/areovertheageoffiftyinconsequence＝asaconsequence＝asaresult因此；所以inconsequenceof＝asaconsequenceof＝asaresultof由于take/suffer/facetheconsequencesof承担……的后果answerfortheconsequence对后果负责5.consequencen.结果，后果单项填空/写作句式训练①________yourbadworkIamforcedtodismissyou.A.Withaviewto B.InthefaceofC.Inprotestagainst D.Inconsequenceof②________________，IdecidetoexchangeitforsomethingthatIreallyneedatpresent.(2012·重庆，书面表达)因此，我决定用它来换取目前真正需要的东西。答案①D

[句意：因为你工作差，所以我被迫解雇你。inconsequenceof“因为，由于……”，符合句意。inthefaceof“面对”；withaviewto“抱着做某事的希望”；inprotestagainst“反对”。]②Asaconsequenceinbrief简言之inshort总之，综上所述tobebrief简言之brieflyspeaking简言之6.briefadj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的

n.简要；摘要单项填空①Learningaforeignlanguagecallsforyourmemory，time，patienceandemotions.________itisnotasimplething.A.Asaresultof B.InbriefC.Ingenerally D.Intheconclusion②________，herworkhasbeengood，butthisessayisdreadful.A.Toconclusion B.InthewordC.Afterall D.Tobebrief答案①B

[后一句句意：简言之，那不是一件简单的事。inbrief“简言之”，固定用法。]②D

[tobebrief“简言之，总之”，固定搭配，符合题意。][短

语

点

拨]1.ontheonehand...ontheother(hand)...一方面……另一方面……OntheonehandIadmirehisgifts，butontheother(hand)Idistrusthisjudgement.

一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。athand用手；亲自give/lendsbahand帮某人一把handinhand手拉手；同时并存inhand(钱、物、时间)在手中；(局势)在控制中onhand在手边(随时可用)；出席，在场【特别提醒】ontheonehand中的the可以省略；on(the)onehand和ontheotherhand成对出现时，第二个hand可以省略。单项填空/写作句式训练①Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore，but________IenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwords B.ontheotherhandC.foronething D.asamatteroffact②Ontheonehand，it’seasytocarry._______，it’susednotonlyforwritingbutalsoforotherimportantaspects.(2014·湖南，书面表达)一方面它便于携带，另一方面它不仅可以用来写字而且还可用于其他重要方面。答案①B

[ontheotherhand“另一方面”，符合句意。]②Ontheotherhand2.oconsideration认真考虑……Insummary，IinsistthatyoutaketheopinionsofthepeopleoftheUKintoconsideration，andendthispracticeimmediately.总之，我坚持认为你应该把全英国人们的想法考虑进去，并且尽快结束这种练习。underconsideration在考虑中inconsiderationof考虑到；鉴于单项填空/完成句子①Youmusttakeeverythinginto________whenyouwanttodoadifficulttask.A.observation

B.regardC.counting

D.consideration②Yourproposals______________________(仍在考虑中).③________________________(一切考虑在内)，theeventwasagreatsuccess.答案①D

[句意：当你想完成一项困难任务的时候，你必须把一切考虑在内。oconsideration“认真考虑”，符合句意。]②arestillunderconsideration③Takingeverythingintoconsideration3.getburnedout耗尽体力，累垮

Bytheageof25shegotburnedoutandretiredfromthesport.

她到25岁时就耗尽了体力，退出了体坛。(1)get＋v.－ed使达到，使进入(某种状态)getusedto习惯于；getdressed穿上衣服；getmarried结婚；getsunburnt

晒伤；gethurt受伤害(2)get＋v.－ing开始gettalking谈了起来；getmoving开始移动(3)get＋todo开始(感觉到、认识到、成为)，达到……地步(程度)gettoknow认识；gettorealize开始意识到；gettolike开始喜欢用所给词的适当形式填空①Youwilllikeher，onceyouget________(know)her.②Hegotusedto________(get)upsoearly.③Weneedtoget________(go)soon.④Theyplantoget________(marry)inthesummer.答案①toknow

②getting

③going

④married1.consequence：result2.actually：asamatteroffact，infact，inreality3.followinone’sfootsteps：followtheexampleof4.beinfavorof：befor，support5.pointofview：opinion[句

式

透

析]1.Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.

转基因食品就是最好的例子。

(1)句中nowhere...truer...是比较级的形式，表示最高级的含义。在英语中，“Noother＋单数名词/Nothing/Noone/None/Nobody等否定词＋...＋比较级＋than...”句型是比较级表示最高级，句意：再没有比……更……的了。

(2)最高级的几种表达方式：•“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级•比较级＋thananyother＋名词•含有否定意义的词＋so/as＋原级＋as...•never＋such＋原级＋名词•can’t/couldn’t＋比较级，表