中考英语阅读理解细节理解【高效课堂精研】词义猜测课件

Theskillsofreadingcomprehension2024Skills主旨大意细节理解猜测词义推理判断2023年浙江省中考英语阅读理解设题归类考查低阶思维能力各地试卷细节理解细节排序细节推断词义猜测词语指代杭州6141宁波41111温州451绍兴331金华、义乌531丽水3411舟山、嘉兴451台州5211衢州4211PartOne

细节理解题5W1H是非题who,where,when,what,why,how计算题直接信息间接信息排序题1.Accordingtothetext,ifBettywantstoenjoytheseaofcloudsinMountHuashan,sheshouldgoto________.A.theEastPeak

B.theSouthPeakC.theWestPeak

D.theNorthPeak...MountHuashanMountHuashanisfamousforitsnaturalcliffs(峭壁)andnarrowpaths.Ithasfivegreatpeaks.TheEastPeakisthebestplaceforseeingsunrise;theNorthPeakisfamousforitsseaofclouds;theSouthPeakisthehighestpeak(2，155meters)ofMountHuashan;theWestPeakisahugerockshapedlikealotusflower;theMiddlePeakisatthecenterofthefivepeaks.Thewayupthemountainisknownasoneofthemostdangerouswalksintheworld.Themountainalsohasseveralfamoustemples....2.WhatcanweknowaboutMountTaishanaccordingtothetext?A.Itstandsforhealthandpeace.B.Thehotspringsthereareveryfamous.C.ItisthemostdangerousmountaininChina.D.WecanenjoywonderfulviewsfromtheJadeEmperorPeak....

MountTaishan

MountTaishanisoneofthemostfamousmountainsinChina.Ithasalwaysbeenseenasasymbolofpower(权力)andpeace.Manyemperorscameheretoshowrespecttoheavenandearth.

Therearetwomust-seesightsonthemountain.ThefirstistheJadeEmperorPeak,whichisatthetopofMountTaishan.Itofferstouristsamazingviewsofthewholemountain,includingsunrise,sunset,andaseaofclouds.ThesecondisBixiaTemple.Ithasagroupofancientbuildingswithfivelargehalls.

...

解题方法：定范围，划依据，看转换(同义),读全项，得答案。5W1H是非题细节题的类型who,where,when,what,why,how计算题直接信息间接信息排序题Wanted:Englishtutor(家庭教师)

Doyoulikekids?Areyououtgoing(开朗的)?Doyouhavethreeyears'experience(经验)asanEnglishteacher?DoyouhavefreetimeonSaturdayandSunday?Weneedawomanteacherforourdaughter.SheistwelveandsheisnotgoodatEnglish.For

thejob,youwill:

Teachfrom3:00to6:00p.m.

Playwithourdaughter

TellherstoriesinEnglish

Youwillworkatourhouse.WeliveinBeihaiRoad,GardenDistrict.Thepayis$30eachhour.

Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation,pleasecallMrs.Yangat82569876.1.Thetutorcanget$______,ifsheteachesthekidfortwoweekends.

A.160B.260C.360D.460根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：30X3X2X2=360解题方法：读题干，看原文，找出所有相关数字，比较、分析、计算得出答案5W1H是非题细节题的类型who,where,when,what,why,how直接信息间接信息排序题定位，找出选项在原文中的出处。对照分析选项Whichofthefollowingistrue?WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?Whichofthefollowing(下列)isright?Whichisnotwrong?……2.WhichisNOTtrue?A.Thetutormustteachthekidonweekends.

B.ThekidisgoodatEnglish.C.ThetutorcanspeakEnglish.

D.Thetutorcanget$360,ifsheteachesthekidfortwoweekends.Wanted:Englishtutor(家庭教师)

Doyoulikekids?Areyououtgoing(开朗的)?Doyouhavethreeyears'experience(经验)asanEnglishteacher?DoyouhavefreetimeonSaturdayandSunday?Weneedawomanteacherforourdaughter.SheistwelveandsheisnotgoodatEnglish.For

thejob,youwill:

Teachfrom3:00to6:00p.m.

Playwithourdaughter

TellherstoriesinEnglish

Youwillworkatourhouse.WeliveinBeihaiRoad,GardenDistrict.Thepayis$30eachhour.

Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformation,pleasecallMrs.Yangat82569876.反义转换防陷阱

解题方法：读题干、需谨慎，定原文、看转换，读全项、选最佳。5W1H是非题细节题的类型who,where,when,what,why,how直接信息间接信息排序题排除法Inwhatorderdidtheseeventstakeplace?Putthefollowingintocorrectorder.首尾事件or动作定位，缩小范围

留意步骤词--firstly,next等。表时间先后的词语—before,after等

Long,longagotherewereonlyafewthousandpeopleintheworld.Thesepeoplemovefromplacetoplaceovertheland,huntinganimalsforfood.Nooneknowshoworwhenthesepeoplelearnedaboutgrowingfood.Butwhentheydid,theirliveschanged.Theydidnothavetolookforfoodanymore.Theycouldstayinoneplaceandgrowit.Peoplebegantolivenearoneanother.Andsothefirstvillagegrew.Manypeoplecametoworkinthevillages.Thesevillagesgrewverybig.Whenmachinesappeared(出现),lifeinthevillageschangedagain.Factorieswerebuilt.Moreandmorepeoplelivednearthefactories.Thecitiesgrewverybig.

略读题干，划关键词1定位全文，找出依据2对比选项，分析信息3解题步骤GroupworkTalkaboutthereadingstepsthatyoulearned:(小组讨论做阅读理解细节题的步骤）2023杭州卷

DWeallenjoybeingpartofagroup—there'snobetterworkthanteamwork,right?Actually,Idisagree.Teamworkcanbehard.Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyoficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.It'samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.Personalities(个性)canmaketeamworkdifficult.There'softensomeoneontheteamthat

putstheirneedsfirst.Theteamoftengoesalongwiththisperson,whoseideasmightnotbethebest,justtheloudest.Justonedifficultpersonalitycanmaketeamworkhard.Combine（结合)severalchallengingpersonalitytypes,andit'sevenharder.Nothavingenoughtimetogethercanalsomaketeamworkchallenging.Forexample,Iwasonceonateamwhereweneverhadenoughtimetomeetasagroup.Tosuccessfullyworkasateam,youneedtimetogether—andlotsofit.Afinalreasonteamworkisdifficultisbecausethere'softennotrainingonhowtoworkonateam.Youcan'tjustputpeopleinaroomandexpectthemtoworkwellwitheachother.Youneedtobuildtrustwithyourteammembers.Thinkoffootballplayers:Theyaren'tjustgivenaballandtoldtoplay.Theypractice,andtheytrain.Teamcanbehard,butworkingalonehasitschallenges,too.Whenmycomputerdoesn'twork,Idon'thaveanITpersontoturnto.WhenIhaveagreatidea,Idon'thaveanyonetoshareitwithtoseeifitreallyisagreatidea.Don'tgetmewrong-Istilllikemyteamofoneandenjoymakingalloftheimportantdecisionsmyself.ButnowIrealizewhatwaswrongwiththeteamworkIdidinthepastandhowgoodteamworkcouldbeifdonecorrectly.Andthat'susefulinformation--becauseonedayImightwanttoturnmyMETEAMintoaWETEAM.27.Whydidthewriterchoosetoworkfromhomeonhisown?A.Tokeephimselfbusier.B.Tokeephimselfhealfhier.C.Tomakehisjobeasier.D.Tomakehisteamharder.28.Whichofthefollowingmakesteamworkdifficult?A.Strongpersonality.

B.Lotsofteamworktime.C.Challengingideas.

D.Clearteamroles.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.WETEAMhashardlyanyadvantages.B.METEAMneedsalotofITengineers.C.METEAMhasnochallengesforthewriter.D.WETEAMmaybethewriter'schoiceoneday.(23.宁波节选)“Pleasecalmdownandsit,"saidMr.Johnson."1'mgladeveryone'shereforthefinalreadingtestoftheyear."Wheneveryonecried,Mr.Johnsonlaughed,sayingitwasjustajoke.Thenheremindedusthatwestillhadajobtodo."Youneedtocleanoutyourdesksandputallyourthingsintoyourbackpacks,"headdedgently.Aswebeganourtask,Mr.JohnsonturnedontheCDplayer.Thelivelymusicmadetheroomfeellikeaparty.Someofusstartedsingingalongwiththemusic,othersweredancingaroundtheirdeskswhiletheywerecleaningthemout.EvenMr.Johnsonshowedusafewdancesteps,makingeveryonelaughheartily.Afterwefinishedcleaning,someoneasked,"Whenisbreaktime?"Mr.Johnsontookoutsomeballsandstartedplayingwiththem.Suddenly,helettheballsdropandsaid,"Breaktimestarts...now!"Justaswewereabouttorushout,ourheadmaster,Mrs.Miller,appearedatthedoor."Mr.Johnson!"shecriedout.Amomentofsilencefellovertheroomaswethought,"Mr.Johnsonmightbeintrouble."However,tooursurprise,Mrs.Millercouldn'thelpbutlaughatthesightandleftustoenjoyourbreak.Duringbreaktime,Mr.Johnsonsurpriseduswithanothertreat.Hewenttothecafeandcamebackwithice-creamsforeveryone.Weallcheeredforhim!(

)Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingactivities?①Mr.Johnsonplayedwithballs.②Studentsgoticecreamshappily.③Studentsdidthecleaning.④Mr.Johnsonjokedabouthavingatest.A.①④③②

B.②①④③C.③④②①

D.④③①②PartTwo

词义猜测题非指代型：根据语境推断某个词的意思指代型：it，they，them,this,that等指代的对象一、语境法二、构词法解题技巧一——语境法Tornadoes

--violentanddestructivewhirlwind,normallyoccuronhot,humid(alittlewet)day,butnotnecessarilyinthesummer.Motionmaybedefinedasacontinuous(连续不断的)changeofposition.Idolreferstoapersonthatislovedandadmired(赞赏)verymuch.语境法——定义解释a.以be(是),mean(意指),referto(指的是)为线索猜测词义

b.以becalledas(被称作),beconsideredas(被认为)，bedefinedas(被定义为)c.以标点符号（括号，破折号）Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.…Q：Whatdoestheword“shoplifter”mean?A.

AthiefB.AguideinashopC.TheownerofashopD.Aporter语境法——举例子特征词：suchas,like,forexample,forinstance,include,consistof,...Somepeoplethinkelectriccarsarepricey.Buttheirpricesarecomingdown.Q:

Theunderlineword“pricey”probablymeans()

A.fast

B.slow

C.cheap

D.expensive语境法——对比转折表转折关系的词：but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,otherwise,though,unless,notas...as,...以反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义。Theirfriendslaughedatthem，andmysistersfeltwretched，veryunhappy．“wretched”means“____________”.语境法——同义关系以同义词、近义词为线索猜测词义并列的词或短语（and,or,as...as,like...）unhappyThreeways单数出题方式复数it,she,he,one,this，thatthey，them，ones，these，thoseTheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3refersto____.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?语境法——指代关系代词it,that,he,him或them可以指上文提到的人事物……Atthefirstflashoflightning,quicklygetinsideabuildingoracar.Donotgointoashed(棚)forprotection.Itisnotclosedlikeabuilding,soitisnotsafe.37.Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2probablymeans_____.

A.abuildingB.acarC.aroomD.ashed〖解析〗句意：它不像大楼一样是封闭的，所以很不安全。上句提及“Donotgointoashedforprotection”此处it作主语，指代ashed.所以选D。解题技巧二——构词法派生法合成法believe一个单词(词根)加上前缀或后缀，构成一个新单词。否定前缀有：un-，dis-，im-，in-,mis-,ir-,ab-,...(改变词义)把两个或两个以上的单词合成一个新单词eg.good-looking好看的

cold-blooded冷血的Onedayaveryrichfamilywentonatriptothecountryside.Thefatherwantedtoshowhissonhowpoorpeoplelived,sotheyspentadayandanightonthefarmofaverypoorfamily.Whentheygotbackfromtheirtrip,thefatheraskedhisson,"Mydearson,howwasthetrip?""Verygood,dad!""Didyouseehowpoorpeoplelived?"thefatherasked."Yeah!""Andwhatdidyoulearn?"Thesonanswered,"Wehaveadogathome,andtheyhavefour.Wehaveapoolthatisinthemiddleofthegardenandtheyhaveariverthathasnoend.Wehaveveryexpensivelampsinthegardenandtheyhavethestars."Whenthelittleboyfinished,hisfatherwasspeechless.Q:Theword"speechless"means_______.

A.毫无兴趣的B.寡言少语的C.胸无点墨的D.无话可说的Thelifespanofanairplantdependsonthecareitgetsandtheenvironmentitisplacedin．Generally，allairplane

canliveformanyyears．

Q:Theunderlinedword“lifespan”mostprobablymeans＿＿．A．生活B．生存C．生命D．寿命派生法合成法2.Finallytheenemysurrendered/sə'rendə/.Theythrewdowntheirgunsandwalkedoutofthehomewiththeirhandsovertheirheads.1.Childrenoftentrytoemulate/'emjuleit/,orcopythebehaviorthattheyseeontelevision.同义定义、释义3.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances/ə'plaɪəns/,

forexample,washingmachines,fridgesandcolortelevisions.举例4.Hisshirtwasclean,buthisshoesweregrubby/'ɡrʌbi/.反义A（23·杭州节选）To

beatopracesyoumust

dismountwithoutslowingdownatall.Todothis,swingyourrightlegoverthebikeseat.Atthesametime,movethebikeawayfromyourbody.Thismakesroomforyourrightfoottohitthegroundnexttoyourleftfoot.Asyourrightfootnearstheground,takeyourleftfootawayfromthebike.Putbothfeetonthegroundandstartrunning!(

)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dismount"inparagraph2mean?A.Pickupabike.B.Getoffa