2021广东茂名市高考英语语法填空等练习(5)(答案)

2021广东茂名市高考英语语法填空等练习（5）（答案）一、语法填空阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为〜的相应位置上。THE2,298-kiIometerBeijing-GuangzhouHigh-speedRailway16_____(official)openedtopassengersonDecember26，2022.Itistheworld’slongesthigh-speedrailroute.The17_____(design)speedofthetrackis350km︿,thoughspeedsduringtheinitialperiodofoperationwillbelimitedtoabout300km/h.ThenewroutecutsthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandGuangzhoualmosttwothirds,from22hourstoroughlyeighthours.OnDecember1,2022，notlongbeforetheopeningoftheBeijing-GuangzhouHigh-speedRailway,theHarbin-DalianHigh-speedRailway,19_____firsthigh-speedlineevertocrosslandthatliesfrozenforalmosthalfayear,beganoperations,20_____allowspassengerstoappreciatetheviewoffthecoastfromDalianinthemorning,21_____thewintersnowscapeoffrostyHarbinintheafternoon.Atpresentthetotal22_____(long)ofhigh-speedlinesinChina23_____(reach)9,349km.Withfourmainlines24_____(run)east-westandfournorth-south,thecountry’shigh-speedtrainnetworkistheworld’slargest.Chinaplanstoexpand25_____high-speedrailwaynetworkto50，000km【参考答案】语法填空：16.officially17.designed18.by19.the20.which21.and22.length23.hasreached24.running25.its二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Oneafternoon,mysonAdamaskedme,“Areallpeoplethesameeveniftheyaredifferentincolor?”Ithoughtforaminute,andthenIsaid,“I’llexplain,1youcanjustwaituntilwemakeaquick2atthegrocerystore.Ihavesomething3toshowyou.”Atgrocerystore,we4someapples---red,greenandyellowones.Backhome,ItoldAdam,“It’stimeto5yourquestion.”Iputoneappleofeach6onthetable.ThenIlookedatAdam,whohada7lookonhisface.“Peoplearelikeapples.Theycomeinall8colors,shapesandsizes.Onthe9,someoftheapplesmaynot10lookastheothers.”AsIwastalking,Adamwas11eachonecarefully.Then,Itookeachoftheapplesandpeeled（削皮）them,12thembackonthetable,but13adifferentplace.“Okay,Adam,tellmewhichiswhich.” Hesaid,“I14tell.Theyalllooksamenow.”“Takeabiteof15.Seeifthathelpsyou16whichoneiswhich.”Hetook17,andthenahugesmilecamecrosshisface..”Peopleare18likeapples!Theyarealldifferent,butonceyou19theoutside,they’reprettymuchthesameontheinside.”Hetotally20it.Ididn’tneedtosayordoanythingelse.()1.A.although B.so C.because D.if()2.A.stop B.start C.turn D.stay()3.A.expressiveB.encouraging C.informative D.interesting()4.A.bought B.counted C.saw D.collected()5.A.check B.mention C.answer D.improve()6.A.size B.type C.shape D.class()7.A.worried B.satisfied C.proud D.curious()8.A.ordinary B.normal C.different D.regular()9.A.outside B.whole C.table D.inside()10.A.still B.even C.only D.ever()11.A.examining B.measuring C.drawing D.packing()12.A.keeping B.placing C.pulling D.giving()13.A.on B.toward C.for D.in()14.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t()15.A.eachone B.eachother C.theother D.oneanother()16.A.admit B.consider C.decide D.believe()17.A.bigbites B.deepbreaths C.afirmhold D.closelook()18.A.just B.always C.merely D.seldom()19.A.putaway B.getdown C.handout D.takeoff()20.A.made B.took C.got D.didD所填词引导宾语从句，意思是：是否，选D。A所填名词与谓语动词make构成短语，意思是：做短暂的停留。Makeastart：开头，起程；makeaturn：轮番；makeastay：待在某地，都与题干意思不符。Dexpressive：表达的；encouraging：嘉奖的，可鼓舞的；informative：供应消息的；interesting：令人感爱好的，好玩的。本句意思是：我有好玩的东西呈现给你看。选D。A由grocerystore可知此处选A。C本句意思是：现在到了回答你的问题的时间了。选C。Bsize：大小；type：类型；shape：外形；class：群。本句意思是：我从每种（类型）的苹果拿出一个，放在桌子上。选B。D句意是：Adam奇异   地看这我。选D。C由空前的all可以推断出此处选C。A由后文中的outside可知此处选A。B所填词修饰动词look，意思是：甚至，选B。A句子意思是：Adam认真的查看了每一个苹果。选A。B此处是非谓语动词做状语，规律主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与规律主语是主动关系，且非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用v-ing的一般式。D所填介词与后文的名词place构成短语，意思是：在……地方，选D。B本句意思是：我不能识别。此处情态动词表力气，选B。A句意是：每个尝一口。选A。Cadmit：承认；consider：考虑，认为；decide：打算；believe：信任。依据句意选C。A依据前文的takeabiteif…可知此处选A。A此处是确定句，所填词意思是：很，仅仅，选A。always意思是：总是；merely：只，仅仅，常用与否定句中；seldom：很少，都与句意不附。Dputaway：收好；储存；getdown：写下，登记；handout：分发；takeoff：起飞；脱掉，去掉；名声大振。句子意思是：但是一旦去掉其外皮，……。选D。40.CSbgotit意思是：他完全理解了。选C。三、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsounds,asmostanimalsdo.Instead,plantsproducevolatilecompounds,chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.Aflower’ssweetsmell,forexample,comesfromvolatilecompoundsthattheplantproducestoattractinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodetectvolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.Atreeunderattackbyhungryinsects,forinstance,maygiveoffvolatilecompoundsthatletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponse,theothertreesmaysendoffchemicalstokeepthebugsaway—orevenchemicalsthatattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor(传感器)calledanelectronicnose.The“e-nose”cantellcompoundsthatcropplantsmakewhenthey’reattacked.Scientistssaythee-nosecouldhelpquicklydetectwhetherplantsarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytodetectsuchinsectsistovisuallyinspectindividualplants.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhouses,enclosedgardensthatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamworkedwithane-nosethatrecognizesvolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice,13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompounds.Basedontheseinteractions,thee-nosegivesoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistsanalyzeusingcomputersoftware.Totestthenose,theteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumber,pepperandtomatoplants,allcommongreenhousecrops.Thenthescientistscollectedsamplesofairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedbyinsects,orbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch(打孔器).Thee-nose,itturnsout,couldidentifyhealthycucumber,peperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompoundstheyproduce.Itcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamaged.Butevenmoreimpressive,thedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage—byinsectsorwithaholepunch—hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.Withsomefine-tuning,adevicelikethee-nosecouldonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugs,theresearcherssay.Adevicelikethiscouldalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeat,saysNataliaDudareva,abiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayette,Ind.1.Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby.A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleavesC.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals2.Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutifthee-noseworked?A.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops.B.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevice.C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.D.Theymadetestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.3.Accordingtothewriter,themostamazingthingaboutthee-noseisthatitcan.A.pickoutripefruitsB.spottheinsectsquicklyC.distinguishdifferentdamagestotheleavesD.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves4.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthee-nose.A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowersB.isnotyetusedingreenhousesC.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdueD.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulin