【名师一号】2020-2021学年高中英语人教版必修3-双基限时练10

双基限时练(十)Unit4PartⅠⅠ.单词拼写1.Hewasinterestedina________andalwaysstayedupatnighttowatchthestars.答案astronomy2.OnMay12,2008,anv________earthquakestruckWenchuanCounty,答案violent3.Computerhackershavebrokendownsecuritys________，raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofinformation.答案system4.Themixtureofgasesthatsurroundtheearthiscalleda________.答案atmosphere5.Formingagoodhabitofstudyingis________(基础)toone'sachievementsintheyearstocome.答案fundamental6.Hestucktohis________(理论)anditprovedtobecorrectatlast.答案theory7.Thisproduces________(连串)ofreactions.答案chain8.Smokingish________toyourhealth.答案harmful9.Ifyoum________4by5,theansweris20.答案multiply10.Nowwestilldon'tknowwhetherlifee________onMars.答案existsⅡ.单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1．Iadviseyoutogiveupsmoking,forsmokingis________(harm)tohealth.答案与解析harmful句意：我建议你戒烟，由于抽烟有害健康。此处应填其形容词形式。2．Weusuallytaketurns________(do)cleaning,andtodayitismyturn________(do)it.答案与解析todo;todo考查搭配taketurnstodosth.“轮番干某事”及Itisone'sturntodosth.“轮到某人干某事”。3．Thereisa________(puzzle)lookonherface.Actually,shefelt________(puzzle)aboutallofthis.答案与解析puzzled;puzzledpuzzled“感到困惑的”，puzzling“令人困惑的”。4．Thenovelwrittenbytheauthorsellsbest,butfiveyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedhowgreatarolehewas________(play)intheliteraryworld.答案与解析toplaywastoplay表示后来将要发生的事情。5．________Alicewillbeabletogethelpfortherescueisnotcertainyet.答案与解析Whetherwhether(是否)在句中引导主语从句。if作“是否”解，引导主语从句时，从句不能位于句首。6．AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade________herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople'saffairsinthattown.答案与解析itit在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语。7．Cindydidn'tleavetheofficelastnight________shefinishedherjob.答案与解析until句意：辛迪昨晚直到完成了工作才离开办公室。not...until“直到……才”，until引导的时间状语从句中用短暂性动词。8．Althoughthetrafficwasheavy,Imanagedtobe________timefortheimportantlecture.答案与解析in句意：尽管遇到了交通堵塞，我还是设法准时地参与了那个重要的讲座。intime“准时”，符合句意。9．Beforeshegoestoclass,sheusuallychainsherbike________atree.答案与解析tochain...to...“用链子把……拴在……上”。10．Itis________(unlike)thathewillcometohelpsoonbecausehehasjustgoneout.答案与解析unlikely此句考查句型Itislikely/unlikelythat...依据语意，应为“不行能”之意。11．Theykeptthedoorofthehouse________(lock),sonobodycouldgetinthroughit.答案与解析locked此处考查“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。lock与door为动宾关系，故用过去分词作补语。12．Thedirection________whichthepresidentwouldgowaskeptsecret________safetyconcern.答案与解析in;for句意：为了平安起见，总统的去向保密。第一空用in,in...direction表示“向某个方向”。其次空用for,for...concern表示“出于……的考虑”。Ⅲ.同义句转换1.HecametoBeijingforthefirsttime.→Itisthefirsttimethathe________been________Beijing.答案has;in2.MyclassmatesaswellasIwenttotheparkyesterday.→Myclassmateswenttotheparkyesterday.Iwent________________.答案aswell3.Youwillregretsoonerorlater.→Youwillregret________________.答案intime4.Mylittlesonfilledthetankwithwater.→Thetankwas________________water.答案fullof5.Thereisadifferencebetweenthisbookandthatone.→Thisbook________________________thatone.答案isdifferentfromⅣ.依据课文内容，完成语法填空According__1__awidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.Forseveralbillionyearsafterthe“BigBang”，theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust,__2__settledintoasolidglobe.Theearthbecamevery__3__(violence),andlateritproducedmanygases,whichwere__4__(make)theearth'satmosphere.Waterhadalsoappearedontheearth,whichallowedtheearthtodissolve__5__(harm)gases__6__acidsintotheoceansandseas.Thenlifebegantodevelop.__7__understoodplantswerethestartofchanges.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseas.Smalllandanimalsappearedandproducedyounggenerallyby__8__(lay)eggs.Afterthat,somehugeanimalsexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.Mammalsweredifferentfromalllifeformsinthepast;theygavebirth__9__theyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescaping__10__theearthintospace.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案1.to2.which3.violent4.tomake5.harmful6．and7.Nobody8.laying9.to10.fromⅤ.阅读理解AEdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblem.However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(椭圆形)．NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(计算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcomets,aspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeaprediction(预言)ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehaddiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethadbeencalledHalley'scomet，inhishonour.1．EdmundHalleyfiguredouttheorbitof________.A.somedifferentcometsappearingseveraltimesB.thesamecometappearingatdifferenttimesC.threedifferentcometsappearingthreetimesD.severalcometsappearingatthesametime答案与解析B依据第四段和最终一段可得出答案。2．Halleymadehisdiscovery________.A.bydoingexperimentsB.bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC.byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD.bychance答案与解析C依据第三段内容可知，哈雷是在计算其他科学家的数据。3．Halleymadeasurprising,butcorrectpredictionintheyear________.A.1704B.1705C.1706D.1707答案与解析B依据倒数其次段，1758－53＝1705。4．Thispassageingeneralisabout________.A.HalleyandotherscientistsB.theorbitofacometC.NewtonandHalleyD.Halleyandhisdiscovery答案与解析D全篇在叙述哈雷和哈雷彗星。5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.B.Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.C.IsaacNewtonwasafamousmathematician.D.Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofatriangle.答案与解析CIsaacNewton(牛顿)是一个有名的数学家和物理学家。其余三项均可在文中找到排解依据。Halley是英国人，从第一段第一句可知；Halley靠计算和预言不是靠做试验；彗星的轨道是椭圆形，不是三角形，从其次段可以找到。BWelcometotheAstronomy(天文学)ClubofAkron(ACA)webpage.ThepurposeoftheACAistofurtheraninterestinandtopromotethestudyofthesubjectofastronomythroughtheuseoflectures,discussiongroups,publications，programsandotheractivities.TheACAwilleducatethegeneralpublicthroughmonthlyprograms.Theseprograms,lecturesandeventscovertheplanets,solar/lunarobserving,comets(彗星)showers，deepskyobjectsandsoon.TheACAactivitiesprovideopportunitiesforitsgeneralclubmemberstogettogetherandtakepartinavarietyofgeneralastronomyrelatedmatters.Membershipisopentoanyonewithaninterestinastronomy.Noequipmentisnecessaryandnoknowledgeisneeded.Thereisnoagelimit.Clubmembersmeetonthe4thFridayofeverymonthat8a.m.attheKiwanisHallinPortageLakes.Duringthemeeting,aone­hourtalkwillbeonastronomy,spaceexplorationorweather.Thedateofthemeetingwillchangeifthe4thFridayispartofaholidayweekend.Checkthecalendar,viewthemostrecentnewsletter(简报),sende­mailsorcallthenumberlistedonourhomepageifindoubt.TheACApublishesamonthlynewsletter,TheNightClubduesare$30ayearforadults(18andover),$15forjuniors(12to17).Thefamilyonlyneeds$40ayear.Welcometoourclubandyoucancall1­866­339­9783tofindmoreinformationaboutus.6．TheACAisreallya(n)________.A.webpage B.clubC.office D.magazine答案与解析B依据文章第一段的第一句“WelcometotheAstronomyClubofAkron(ACA)webpage”可知，theACA是一个俱乐部。故该题的正确答案为B项。7．Fromthepassage,wecanknowtheACAwantsto________.A.makemuchmoneyB.getmorepeopleinterestedinastronomyC.sellequipmentD.holdmoremeetings答案与解析B依据文章第一段的其次句“...furtheraninterestinandtopromotethestudyoft