专题03代词-(练习版)

考查点全国新高考卷全国卷命题分析202220212020202220212020人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词卷I，64题卷I，42题卷II，45题乙卷，70题乙卷，63题卷I，70题代词主要在语法填空中考查，其考查点主要为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等在语境中的运用。不定代词偶尔也会涉及。试卷的设计注重语境，要求考生结合语境和句子结构解题。it不定代词卷I，69题考点1、人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词及疑问代词的用法分考点1.人称代词Point：人称代词的形式和用法单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem人称代词的主格和宾格在句中作不同的成分，主格多作句子主语,有时用作表语；宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可作表语或同位语。在口语中,常用人称代词的宾格作表语。

To

really

understand

a

man

we

must

judge

him

in

misfortune.要真正了解一个人,我们必须要在不幸中考察他。(主格we作主语;宾格him作宾语)分考点2.物主代词Point：物主代词的形式和用法第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性物主代词myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs形容词性物主代词置于名词之前，起修饰作用，表示“…的”，在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语或宾语。

The

main

difference

between

our

brains

and

those

of

monkeys

isthat

ours

are

bigger.我们的大脑和猴子的大脑之间的主要差别在于我们的要大些。(our作定语,修饰brains;;ours在表语从句中作主语,相当于

our

brains)分考点2.反身代词Point1：反身代词的形式和用法单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselvesoneself也是反身代词。反身代词多在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。

Self-image

is

your

own

mind's

picture

of

yourself.

自我形象是你内心对自己的印象。(作宾语)

She

is

not

quite

herself

today.

她今天身体不太舒服。(作表语)

She

herself

heard

him

say

so

yesterday.

她昨天亲耳听他这么说的。(作同位语)Point2：含有反身代词的习惯用语与介词连用

by

oneself独自地for

oneself亲自in

oneself本质上;本身of

oneself自动地

(2)与动词连用

come

to

oneself苏醒;恢复知觉dress

oneself打扮;自己穿衣

devote

oneself

to致力于;献身于behave

oneself举止规矩有礼;检点

apply

oneself

to专心致志于help

oneself

to随便吃/用

enjoy

oneself玩得开心make

yourself

at

home别客气

seat

oneself就座；入席adapt/

adjust

oneself

to适应于teach

oneself自学speak

to

oneself自言自语

think

for

oneself独立思考分考点4.指示代词常用的指示代词有this,that,these,those。另外为了学习的方便，我们把so，such也归到这一类。Point1：指示代词thisthatthesethose的用法this意为“这；这个”，复数为

these，指刚提到的人、事物、想法或刚发生的事情。that意为“那；那个”,复数为

those,,指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等。

The

boy

was

afraid

and

the

dog

had

sensed

this.

男孩害怕了,狗已经察觉到这一点。(this指前面提到的

The

boy

was

afraid这件事)

"We've

been

cheated,

she

said.

Those

were

her

exact

words.

她说:“我们被骗了。”那是她的原话。

(2)this/

these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that/

those常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。

I

think

you''

'll

find

these

more

comfortable

than

those.我想你会觉得这些比那些更舒适。(

these近指,

those:远指)

【特别注意】(1)this可用于指将要说的或将要发生的事情，起启下的作用；that则指前面说过或发生的事情,起承上的作用。

I

want

to

tell

you

this:

The

English

party

will

be

held

onSaturday

afternoon..我要告诉你的是:这次英语派对将在周六下午举行。

He

hurt

his

leg

yesterday.

That's

why

he

didn't

come.

昨天他摔伤了腿。那就是他没来的原因。that,

those可以作替代词,代替前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。that或

those指代前面的名词时，后面总是跟限定语。

They

first

found

10

overweight

and

inactive

but

otherwise

healthyyoung

menwhose

lifestyles

are

representative，

of

those

of

most

ofus.他们首先找到了10个超重的、不活跃但健康的年轻人,他们的生活方式代表了我们大多数人的生活方式。Point2：such的用法such意为“上述一类;诸如此类;这种;这类”,指代前面所叙述的人或事物,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。such作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其后的名词的数。In

such

a

situation,

I

work

as

hard

as

I

can-then

let

theunconscious

take

over在这种情况下,我会尽最大努力工作一一然后便交由潜意识处理。

Such

are

my

friends

who

will

never

fail

to

help

me

when

needed.

我的朋友们就是这样，永远会在我需要他们时伸出援手。

Point3：so的用法意为“如此；这样”，代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容，以避免重复。

----Have

you

handed

in

your

homework?

----I

did

so

yesterday.

一你的作业交了没有?

---我的作业昨天就交了。

(2)在

believe，think，expect，suppose，imagine，guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点，既可用于肯定句中，也可用于否定句中。

---Is

James

coming

tonight?

---I

don't

thinkso.

---詹姆斯今晚会来吗?

---我想他不会来。

【特别注意】so用在

I

hope,,I'

m

afraid后，代替前文提出的观点,只能用在肯定句中；若是否定，则用

I

hope

not.或I'm

afraid

not。分考点5.疑问代词Point：疑问代词的形式和功能主语宾语表语定语跟of短语指人主格who√√√宾格whom√√所有格whose√√√√指物which(也可指人）√√√√√what√√√√【归纳总结】（1）常用what疑问的句型Whatistheheight/weight/depth/length/width/size?高度/重量/深度/长度/宽度/尺寸是多少？Whatisthepopulation?人口是多少？Whatisthedistance?距离是多远？Whatistheprice?价格是多少？Whatisyouraddress?你住在哪儿？Whatisyourattitude?你的态度是怎样的？what的其他常见句型：Whatabout......?.......怎么样？（用于提出建议或询问对方的情况）What（...）for?为什么（......）?（用于询问原因或目的）Whatif...?如果......怎么办？（用于引出条件）Sowhat?那又怎样？（表示某人对没事无所谓或认为某事不重要）分考点6.It的用法Point1指代提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物,及已知或正在发生的事实或情况等。●Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaiditwaswonderfulholidaydestination..我的一些朋友以前去过那里,他们说那儿是一个很棒的度假胜地。Point2指时间、距离、日期、天气、温度等,用作主语。●Itissixmilesfromheretothenearesthospital.从这儿到最近的医院有6英里。(指距离)●Itisearlyspring,,butitisalreadyveryhot.现在是初春,但天气已经很热了。(第一个It指时间,第二个t指天气)Point3当说话者弄不清对方是谁或不清楚说话又对象的性别时,也常用it指代。●---Someoneisknockingatthedoor.---Whocanitbe?-----有人在敲门。-----会是谁呢?Point4作形式主语或形式宾语。代替不定式、v.-ing形式、名词性从句。●Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself..苏珊和我讲清楚了,她希望开始自己的新生活。(it是形式宾语,thatshewishedto...是真正的宾语)●ItfeltveryfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.看到自己上电视非常有趣。(It作形式主语,watchingmyselfonTV是真正的主语)(2)常用it作形式主语的句式有:Itisapity/shamethat.........真可惜Itisnowonderthat..…不足为奇Itseems/appearsthat.........似乎/看来…Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough.......看起来好像…Ithappensthat.......碰巧…Itoccursto//comesto/strikes//hitssb.........that.某人突然想起…Itissaid/reportedthat.......据说/据报道…Itiscertainthat...……是一定的。Itisnouse/gooddoing......做……没有用/好处。Ittakessb.....sometimetodo.做…...花费某人一些时间。●Itiscertainthateveryeffectmusthaveacause.每个结果必定有其原因,这一点是确定的。●Ittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable..她花了一段时间才改变心态,接受这个观点,即在她的创作中使用海狸鼠皮从道德层面是可以接受的。Point5表示“喜欢”、“恨”等情感倾向的动词后面接it，构成固定结构“动词+it+that/if/when.......”,这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate等。●I'dappreciateitifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.如果能提前告诉我你是否能来,我会不胜感激。●Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.我讨厌人满嘴食物时说话。Point6用于强调句:“Itis/was+被强调部分+that..."。被强调部分指人时,也可以用who代替that。●“Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis,,”Dr.Petroskiwrites..Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement..彼得罗斯基博士写道:“成功就是成功,但也就只有这些了。”正是失败带来进步。Point7熟记下列含it的常用短语或句型makeit获得成功；赶上Seetoitthat...确保…counton//relyon/dependonitthat...相信…assomeoneputsit像某人所说的那样Whenitcomesto........当涉及/谈到…Ican'thelpit.(.......)我没办法/情不自禁(…..)。Itakeitthat.....我认为…It's(high)timethatsb.shoulddo/didsth.是某人该做某事的时候了。It'sthefirst/second/...timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.这是某人第一次/第二次/第…次做某事了。Itis/hasbeen....since.....自从……已过了…时间了。Itwillbe/was...before.....要过…时间才在…之前已过了……时间。●Seetoitthatyou'rereadyontime!请你务必按时准备好!●Youcandependonitthatheishelpfultoyou.他对你有帮助,你可以相信这一点。●I'malsotightfistedwhenitcomestoshoes,clothesformychildren,,andexpensiverestaurants.当涉及孩子们的鞋子和衣服以及昂贵的餐厅时,我也会很小气。分考点7.不定代词Point1both/neither/either/all/none/any的区别都都不任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyTherearemanytreeson____sideoftheriver.A.bothB.anyC.eitherD.all注:1).both的否定词是neither,all的否定词是none.2).bothof作主语时,谓语动词用复数.neitherof作主语时,谓语动词用单数.Neitheroftheanswers______(be)right.Bothofmyparents_______(be)workers.3).词组A)both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数.同义词组:notonly…butalso…反义词组:neither…nor…NotonlyyoubutalsoshelikeswatchingTV.=____you_____shelikewatchingTV.=YoulikewatchingTV,__________she.B)either…or…或者……或者……,neither…nor…既不……也不……连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.Neitheryounorhe______(be)right.OneofLilyandLucyisgoingtothepark.=_____Lily_____Lucy_____goingtothepark.C)either也可用于否定句中的“也”D)neither也可表示“也不”句型:neither…sb某人也不怎么样.Ifyoudon’tgothere,__________I.(我也不去)4)howmany/howmuch的回答:用none回答.Who的回答:用noone回答.What的回答:用nothing回答.Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?__________.Whocananswerthequestion?_______.A.NoneB.NooneC.NothingPoint2each/every的区别each表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.Therearetreesandfrowerson_____sideofthestreet.______studenthasreadastory.注:each可以与of连用,eachof作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every不能与of连用.只能放在名词前作定语.Eachofus_______(study)hard.Point3other/theother/others/theothers的区别(空)后面没有名词(空)后面有名词有数量限制(特指)theotherstheother没有数量限制(泛指)othersother注:1)one…theother…表示两者之间的一个……另一个……2)some…others…表示一些……一些……3)another表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个.只能修饰可数名词的单数.但another+数字+复数名词=数字+more+复数名词表示“另外几个……”Wouldyoulike______apple?Ihavetwobrothers,oneisateacher,_________isaworker.Somearecleaningtheclassroom,______aresweepingthewindow.Thereare20teachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachers,and_____arewomenteachersPoint4afew/few/alittle/little的区别表否定(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点/几个)修饰可数名词fewafew修饰不可数名词littlealittleThestoryiseasytoread.thereare_____newwordsinit.Hurryup!Thereis_____timeleft.Point5复合不定代词.someanynoeverythingsomethinganythingnothingeverythingonesomeoneanyonenooneeveryonebodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody温馨提示：1.复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数.2.形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词放在不定代词之后.3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时,动词不定式放在不定代词之后.4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,1)指人的不定代词,其反义疑问句中的主语用he或they.2)指物的不定代词,其反义疑问句中的主语用it.5.any,anything,anyone,anybody也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何……/任何物/任何人”●Everyonehasachancetowin.每个人都有机会赢。●Thedoctorsaidtherewasnothingwrongwithme.医生说我什么毛病也没有。【知识拓展】复合不定代词构成的习惯搭配:nothingbut仅仅；只是anythingbut决不orsomething诸如此类的人或物somethingof有几分;略微somethingelse别的东西；另外一件事fornothing.免费1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening__________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.2、（2021年新高考八省联考）Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof61．（she）,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.3、（2021年全国高考乙卷）Ecotourismhas63．(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.4、（2021年新高考I卷）anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin64．(I).5、（2020年海南高考）Readersareencouragedtocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththeguidanceof65．（we）FurtherResourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.6、（2020年全国高考）Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine67．(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.7、（2020年全国高考）Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70．(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.1．Donothaveadrinkortakedrugstocalm____________(you)down.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．（2022·江西·模拟预测）________(it)largesizeandroundfacearealsoadaptationstoitsbamboodiet.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．（2022·广西桂林·二模）Netizenswerefascinatedbythevideo’s________(amaze)combinationofwintersportsandtraditionalChinesecharacters,highlighting________

（they)ownuniquecharacteristicsandplacingthemalongsideawiderangeofsportingvenuesandculturalelements,includingNewYearpaintings,PekingOpera,andink-and-washpaintings.(所给词的适当形式填空)4．Alwayskeep__________inmindthatameasureofhopewilltakeyouthroughtheunpleasantsituation.（用适当的词填空）5．Mysonwasexcited,butIfelthelpless.Ididn’thavethatkindofmoney.__________wasgoingtocost$300!（用适当的词填空）6．Atthatmomentayoungladywhonoticedmybookcameuptomeandintroduced__________.（用适当的词填空）7．Anyway,formoreandmoreconsumers,cashisnolonger__________(they)habit.（所给词的适当形式填空）8．Jiang’sparentswillhelptakecareofJiang’sdaughter,andastheyage,Jiangandhiswifewillhelptakecareof__________(they).（所给词的适当形式填空）9．In__________(him)forties,hewastiredofhisvariousbusinesses.（所给词的适当形式填空）10．ThefullmoonsonJan.2andJan.31willbesuper__________(one)andeventhey’llbebluesupermoons.（所给词的适当形式填空）11．________canbegoodatsomethingfor40yearsifhedoesn’tloveit.(用适当的词填空)12．Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid________wasawonderfulholidaydestination.(用适当的词填空)13．Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthan________(that)whoarenot.(所给词的适当形式填空)14．Thisactoroftenhasthefirsttwotricksplannedbeforeperforming,andthengoesfor________(what).(所给词的适当形式填空)15．Animportantfactoraffectinghappinessisthetendencytocompareone’ssituationwith________ofotherpeople.（用适当的词填空）16．Takingregularexerciseisonegoodwaytohelpuskeepfitandhavingabalanceddietis________.（用适当的词填空）17．Helentmeafewbooks,but________ofthemareeasytoread.（用适当的词填空）18．Icameacrossagoodfriendof________(I)inthesquaretheotherday,butwedidn’ttalkmuchbecausehewasrushingtocatchthebus.（所给词的适当形式填空）19．Nowadays,schoolsafetyisahotissue.Ithinkthisisaphenomenon,________callingforourgreatconcern.（用适当的词填空）20．Generally,peopledefineasuccessfullifeasbeinghappy,healthy,andabletoenjoylifeto________(it）fullest.（所给词的适当形式填空）21．Inhisletter,hethanked________(I)formyappreciatinghiswork.（所给词的适当形式填空）22．—Myrulerisbroken.CanIborrow________(you)?（所给词的适当形式填空）—Ofcourse.Here________is.23．________isbelievedthatitwashisabilitytoworkunderpressurethatledtohisgreatsuccess.(用适当的词填空)24．Despite________(he)oldage,Jackisstillinbettershapethanmanyyoungmen.（所给词的适当形式填空）25．Ihate________whenshecallsmeatwork-I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwith________(she).（所给词的适当形式填空）26．Recently,as________(I)grandmotherbecameill,Ifound________(I)spendingmoretimeinthehospital.(所给词的适当形式填空)27．Sherecognized________(I)potentialandshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandenthusiasm.（所给词的适当形式填空）28．Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.​________hereiswillingtolendyouahand.（用适当的词填空）29．Raiseyourlegandlet________stayintheairforseconds.（用适当的词填空）30．Besides,peopleontheWeChataremorelikelytocompare​(they)________withothers,whichwillmakethemfeelbadwhenfindingsomepeopleseemtobesuccessful.（所给词的适当形式填空）31．Somepeoplebuyclothshoesoutofnostalgia(怀旧),while________(other)trusttheirquality.(所给词的适当形式填空)32．EachmedalhascarvingsoftheOlympicringsononeside.Theringsrepresentthepursuitofunityandharmony,andtheyalso....The________sideofthemedalshastheBeijing2022emblematthecenter.（用适当的词填空）33．Peoplepickupthebikesandthenrideanddrop________offanywheretheylike,lockingthebackwheel,withnoneedtofindafixedplace.(用适当的词填空)34．Somebirdsevenmistakenlyfeed________(they)babieswasteinsteadoffood.

(所给词的适当形式填空)35．Whenwriting,manycalligrapherswillforgetallworriesandeven________(they),combiningallt