专题01-高二期末磨尖卷-2022-2023学年下学期(江苏专用)解析版

专题01高二期末磨尖卷本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthemansayabouttheboss?A．Heistall. B．Heiskind. C．Heischildlike.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatdoyouthinkofmyboss?M:Hecertainlytoweredoverme.Ifeltlikeachildnexttohim.W:Yes,he’sabigguy,butgentleandkindwithit.2．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Ababy. B．Adog. C．Acat.【答案】B【原文】W:So,thisisthefamousTrixie!M:Yes,thisismybaby.Cute,isn’tshe?She’llprobablygotosleepsoon;Shesleepssomuch.Youmaythinksheisacat,ratherthanadog!3．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Planningajourney.B．Waitingforaplane.C．Bookingahotelroom.【答案】A【原文】M:Look…IfwechangeplanesinShanghai,we’llonlyhaveashortwaitforournextflight.W:Okay,great.Iwasworriedwe’dhavetospendthenightsleepingontheflooroftheairport!4．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atamuseum. B．Ataconcert. C．Ataparty.【答案】B【原文】W:Theviolinsoundsterrible.M:IwishIcouldaskmymoneyback.Thisperformanceisreallyabadone.5．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A．Ordersomepaper.B．Completetheorderform.C．Havetheprinterrepaired.【答案】A【原文】M:Weareoutofpaperfortheprinter.Canyoupleaseordersome?W:Icompletedtheorderformonlineyesterdayanditwillbeherebynoon.I’llletyouknowwhenitcomesin.M:Goodidea.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。6．Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A．Takehertothebusstop.B．Makeanappointmentforher.C．Drivehertothedentalclinic.7．WhatdoesthemansayaboutDr.Jones?A．Heisverypopular. B．Heishardtogetintouchwith. C．Heisquitebusy.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】W:Oh,it’sthreeo’clock.I’llbelateforthebus.M:Whereareyougoing?W:Tothedentist’s.ImanagedtomakeanappointmentwithDr.Jones.M:CanIdriveyoutoseehim?W:Sure!Thatwillhelp.M:Doyouhaveatoothache?W:Yes,I’vehaditforweeks,butthisisthefirsttimethatIcouldgetinhisoffice.Mydentistisalwayssobusy.M:Iguessthat’sagoodthing!Itmeansalotofpeoplebelieveinhim.W:That’strue.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8．Whydidthewoman’scomputerprobablybreak?A．Itgotwet. B．Itwastooold. C．Itsufferedhighheat.9．Whatisthewoman’smainconcern?A．Recoveringherfiles. B．Fixinghercomputerquickly. C．Gettinganewcomputercheaply.10．Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A．Fixhercomputer.B．Recyclehercomputer.C．Recommendadifferentcomputerrepairshop.【答案】8．C9．A10．B【原文】W:I’vehadthislaptopforfiveyears.Therearesomanyvaluablethingssavedonit.M:Didyoubackthemup?It’sagoodideatobackupyourphotosandvideos.W:IneverthoughtIneededto.Howdidthecomputerbreakdown?M:It’shardtosay.Wasitdroppedorexposedtowater?W:Actually,Ileftitoutsideonmybalconybyaccident.M:Isee.Itmusthavebeenrainedon.W:Itwasn’tthat.Butitwasindirectsunlightforhours.M:Inthissummerheat?Itmusthavefriedtheinternalcomponentsandprocessors.W:Ididn’tknowthatwaspossible.CanIsavethephotos,atleast?M:I’mafraidnot.Wecanreplaceitwithanewlaptopmodel,though.W:Ialsoneedthememorysavedonthislaptopforwork.Isitreallydamagedbeyondrepair?M:I’mafraidso,butthereareusefulpartswecanrecycleformoney.Ifso,wecangiveyouadiscountonanewcomputer.W:OK,IguessI’lldothat.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11．What’sthegirl’snationality?A．English. B．American. C．French.12．Whatdothegirl’sparentswanthertostudy?A．Acting. B．Business. C．Medicine.13．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Schoolmates. B．Professorandstudent. C．Dormkeeperandstudent.【答案】11．C12．B13．A【原文】W:Excuseme.Canyouhelpme?IamlookingfortheLostandFoundOffice.Couldyoupleasetellmewhereitis?M:Sure.Canyouseethelabbuilding,thefour-storygreyoneoverthere?Doyouseetheofficebehindit?Itisbesideasmallstore.Iguessyouarenewhere,right?W:Yeah.IcametoNewYorkasanexchangestudentthreedaysago.Unluckily,IlostmyIDcardatschool.Actually,I’mFrench,butIgrewupinEngland.You’reanAmerican,Isuppose.M:Yes.Bytheway,mynameisJohnSmith.W:IamAliceGreen.Pleasedtomeetyou.So,what’syourmajor?M:I’mstudyingmedicinenow.What’syours?W:I’mnotsureyet.I’mkindofinterestedinacting,butmyparentsthinkIshoulddobusiness.M:Isee.Sodoyouliveinthedorm?W:No.Irentaone-bedroomapartmentaboutfiveblocksfromhere.Well,Ihavetogo.Thanksforyourhelp.Maybewe’llrunintoeachotheragainsometime.M:Maybe.It’saprettysmallcollege.Seeyoulater.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。14．Whydoesthewomanwanttobuythejacket?A．Togiveitasagift. B．Toreplaceanoldjacket. C．Towearataneventforherwork.15．Whatisprobablythecurrentlocationofthespeakers?A．Amarket. B．Ashoppingmall. C．Adepartmentstore.16．Howmuchwillthewomanprobablypay?A．$10. B．$90. C．$100.【答案】14．C15．A16．B【原文】W:Iknowthisjacketisreallypopular,butsurely$100istoomuch.M:It’softheabsolutehighestquality,miss.Iguaranteethatit’llkeepyouwarmallwinter.W:Actually,it’sjustforaphotoshoot(拍摄).Ionlyneeditforonedayandthenwon’tneeditanymore.M:You’reaphotographer?Youmustmakealotofmoney.Ofcourse,youcanaffordit.W:No,actuallyI’manamateurmodel,andI’monatightbudget.Besides,Idon’teventhinkthisisarealMonclerjacket.M:Itisn’tauthentic,butitisofidenticalquality.Atamall,itwillcostyoutentimesthisprice,andinthismarket,youwon’tfinditforlessthan$100.W:Ifyoucanoffermea$10discount,I’llbuyitnow.M:Deal.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20三个小题。17．Whatisthewomandoingwhenthemancalls?A．Cleaningthecomputer.B．Buildinganewcomputer.C．PlacinganadontheInternet.18．Whatwasmentionedinthead?A．Thepriceofthecomputer. B．Thewoman’saddress. C．Thewoman’semailaddress.19．Whatwilltheman’sdaughterbedoingtomorrow?A．Teachingaclass. B．Visitinganewschool. C．Playingsports.20．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．Tomorrowat10:00am. B．Wednesdayat9:00am. C．Wednesdayat10:00am.【答案】17．A18．A19．C20．C【原文】M:Hi,Grace.It’sRogerhere.I’mcallingaboutthecomputeryouhaveforsaleoneBay.W:Hi,Roger.Thanksforcalling.I’mjustcleaningit.Howmuchdidyouwanttospend?M:Mybudgetisaround$500.W:Thecomputerislistedfor$500,andIneedatleast$50forthemonitor.Ican’tgoanylowerthanthat.M:Icando$525.Deal?It’sformydaughter.Shereallyneedsacomputerforschool.W:Isee.Icanagreeto$525.Noproblem.Howaboutifwemeettomorrow?M:Tomorrow,Ihavetotakehertoschool,thensoccerpracticeafterthat.HowaboutWednesdaymorningatnine?W:IcandoWednesdayatteninthemorning.M:OK,great.Iwillseeyouthen.Pleasetextyouraddresstomeat555-6789.Ididn’tseeyouraddressinthead.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourFrenchartexhibitionswhichlookatthepoetryofPabloPicasso,oldphotographybyHenriCartier-Bresson,thehistoryoftechnologyandthefashiondesignbyCocoChanel.MuseeNationalPicasso-1ParisOnviewatthefamousMuseeNationalPicasso-Paris,anexhibitioncalledPicassoPoetlooksatthepoemsthatPabloPicassowroteinhislifetime.It’smorethanjustframedpiecesofpaperbutalookintohishandwrittenplays,typewrittenartistbooks,hand-paintedpoems,drawingsandpaintings.UntilJune2021.Price:$10MetiersArtMuseumIt’soneofthemostoverlookedmuseumsinParis,andit’swellworthadaytripratherthanjustwaitinginlineattheLouvre.Theircollectionofrailwayengineeringmachines,retro(复古风格的)televisions,camerasandtypewriterswalksusthroughthehistoryoftechnologyoverthepast200years.UntilMay2021.Price:$14HenriCartier-BressonFoundationThisquietlittlemuseumfeatures(以……为特色)morethanjustphotosbytheFrenchmasterphotographerHenriCartier-Bresson.ThereisalsoasoloshowwhichfeaturesthephotosofChileanphotographerSergioLarrainonshowatthepresenttime.Henri’sphotosfeaturingLondontakeninthewinterof1958to1959includestreetsceneswithfogandrainaswellasthelocalpeople’sdailylives.UntilJuly2021.Price:FreePalaisGallieraThePalaisGallieraisthemostfamousfashionmuseuminParis,andit’sbeenclosedforthepast2yearsforrepair.Now,it’sreopenedwithapublicexhibitionhonoringFrenchdesigner,CocoChanel.Ittracesthecareerofonewomanwhobroketheglassceilinginfashiondesignandfeaturesover350dressesandjewels.Itcontinuesinthenewlydecoratedbasementgalleries,whicharen’ttobemissed.UntilAugust2021.Price:$2021．WhatdoesthearticletellusaboutHenriCartierBressonFoundation?A．Thismuseumislargeandmodern.B．ThereisashowfeaturingthephotosofSergioLarrain.C．Photosoftheshowweretakenintheautumnof1959.D．Photosonviewareaboutthedailylivesofpeoplearoundtheworld.22．Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexplorethehistoryoftechnology?A．MuseeNationalPicasso-Paris.B．HenryCartierBressonFougdlation.C．MetiersArtMuseum.D．PalaisGalliera.23．WhatcanvisitorsdoatPalaisGalliera?A．EnjoyPicasso’spoems.B．VisitaphotographyexhibitionaboutParis.C．Viewthelastcentury’schangingfashiontrends.D．AppreciateCocoChanel’sdesign.【答案】21．B22．C23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个展览。它们能够让你了解PabloPicasso的诗集、HenriCartier-Bresson的旧照片、科技的历史以及CocoChanel的时尚设计。21．细节理解题。根据HenriCartier-BressonFoundation部分的“ThereisalsoasoloshowwhichfeaturesthephotosofChileanphotographerSergioLarrainonshowatthepresenttime.(还有一个个人展，展出了智利摄影师SergioLarrain目前正在展出的照片)”可知，在HenriCartier-BressonFoundation有一个关于摄影师SergioLarrain所拍摄的照片的展出。故选B项。22．细节理解题。根据MetiersArtMuseum部分的“Theircollectionofrailwayengineeringmachines,retro(复古风格的)televisions,camerasandtypewriterswalksusthroughthehistoryoftechnologyoverthepast200years.(他们收藏的铁路工程机器、复古风格的电视、照相机和打字机带领我们穿越了过去200年的科技史)”可知，如果游客想要探索科技的历史，他们应该去MetiersArtMuseum。故选C项。23．细节理解题。根据PalaisGalliera部分“Now,it’sreopenedwithapublicexhibitionhonoringFrenchdesigner,CocoChanel.Ittracesthecareerofonewomanwhobroketheglassceilinginfashiondesignandfeaturesover350dressesandjewels.(现在，它重新开放，举办了一场纪念法国设计师CocoChanel的公开展览。它追溯了一位打破时装设计玻璃天花板的女性的职业生涯，展示了350多件礼服和珠宝)”可知，在PalaisGalliera游客们可以欣赏到CocoChanel设计的作品。故选D项。BAsthefifthofsevenchildren,Iwenttothesamepublicschoolasmythreeeldersistersandbrother.Everyyear,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparent-childinterviewswithteachers.Andeverychildparticipatedinanoldschooltradition—theannualplantsaleheldinearlyMay,justtimelyforMother’sDay.Whatwasdifferentwasthechild.ThirdgradewasthefirsttimeIwasallowedtojoinintheplantsale.Originally,Iwantedtosurprisemymother.Forlackofenoughmoney,Iwenttomyeldestsisterandsharedmythought,afterwhichshesupportedmefinancially.Whenarrivingattheplantsale,Icarefullymademyselection,inspectingeachplantforthebestgeranium(天竺葵)andtakingithomeinsecret.WhenMother’sDayarrived,Irememberhowproudanddelightedmymotherwastoreceivethespecialgift.TheyearIwasfifteen,myyoungersisterreachedthirdgrade.InearlyMay,shecametomefullofwonderandsecrecyandtoldmethataplantsalewastobeheldatschool.Asmyeldersisterdidforme,Igavehersomemoneyandoffshewent.Shearrivedhomefullofnervousexcitement,thegeraniumhiddeninapaperbagunderhersweater.“Ilookedateveryplant,”sheexplained,“andIknowIgotthebestone!”Whenshegavemymotherthegeranium,theywerebothburstingwithprideanddelight.Mymotheralsonoticedmeandgavemeasoft,secretsmile.Withatugatmyheart,Ismiledback.Ihadbeenwonderinghowmymothercouldpretendtobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild,butasIwatchedhereyeslightupwithdelightasshewaspresentedwiththatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewasnotpretending.24．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Oursiblingswerefromdifferentschools.B．Motherrepeatedlywentforsimilarinterviews.C．Theannualplantsalewasintendedforrecreation.D．Theoldschooltraditionwasheldeveryotheryear.25．Whydidmymothergivemeasoft,secretsmile?A．Becauseshedidn’tlikethegiftatall.B．Becauseshewaspretendingtobehappy.C．BecausesheknewIgavemoneytomysister.D．Becauseshedidn’twantmetoletoutthesecret.26．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．Reliable. B．Considerate.C．Honest D．Frank.27．What’sthesuitabletitleforthispassage?A．Secretsmile B．Mother’sDayC．Geraniumoflove D．Annualplantsale【答案】24．B25．D26．B27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和妹妹不约而同准备了天竺葵送给妈妈作为母亲节礼物的暖心故事。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Everyyear,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparent-childinterviewswithteachers.(每年我妈妈都会去参加同一个仪式，和老师进行亲子访谈)”可知，每年妈妈都会去参加相似的亲子访谈。故选B。25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whenshegavemymotherthegeranium,theywerebothburstingwithprideanddelight.Mymotheralsonoticedmeandgavemeasoft,secretsmile.(当她把天竺葵送给母亲时，她们俩都洋溢着骄傲和喜悦。我的母亲也注意到了我，给了我一个温柔的、秘密的微笑)”可推断，作者的妈妈希望作者保守秘密，让作者的妹妹觉得自己选的礼物是独一无二的。故选D。26．推理判断题。根据第二段“ThirdgradewasthefirsttimeIwasallowedtojoinintheplantsale.Originally,Iwantedtosurprisemymother.(三年级是我第一次被允许参加工厂销售。本来，我想给我妈妈一个惊喜)”以及最后一段“Ihadbeenwonderinghowmymothercouldpretendtobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild,butasIwatchedhereyeslightupwithdelightasshewaspresentedwiththatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewasnotpretending.(我一直在想，我的母亲如何能假装对她第六个孩子送给她的礼物感到惊讶，但当我看到她得到这份最珍贵的礼物时，她的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒，我知道她不是在假装)”可推断，作者是一个很体贴、善解人意的孩子。故选B。27．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者和妹妹不约而同准备了天竺葵送给妈妈作为母亲节礼物的暖心故事。整篇文章，天竺葵贯穿前后，代表了作者和妹妹对妈妈的爱，也寓意了妈妈对子女的爱护。由此可知，“Geraniumoflove(爱的天竺葵)”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。CAselectionofwildlifesculpturemadeoutofrecycledrubbishisbeingdisplayedatanexhibitionatthebarleygalleryinNottinghamshire,England,until24July.ThesculptureshavebeencreatedbyNottinghamshire-basedartistMichelleJoneswhohasbeenworkingwithrecycledmaterialstoover20years.Fly-tipping--illegallydumpingrubbishorlitteringinapublicplace—wasontheincreaseduringtheCovid-19pandemicin2020and2021.JonestoldtheBBC,“NottinghamshireWildlifeTrustshowedmesomeofthematerialsthatwerefoundontheirnaturereserves-awashingmachine,rustybike,cartyres.”Shedecidedtocreatewildlifesculptureoutofthesematerialstoencouragepeopletothinkaboutthedamagefly-tippingcandototheenvironmentandwildlife.Herthree-dimensionalartworksincludedrecycleditemssuchasskis,agasmask,andwashingmachineparts.Jonesoftendrawsinspirationfromthe“beautyofthenaturalworld”andsaidthatthelargemodelofthewhite-tailedbumblebee(大黄蜂)wasinspiredbythemanyhoursshespentonhergardenduringthepandemic.Anothersculpture,abeardedvulture(秃鹫),wasinspiredbythesightingofonesuchbirdinthePeakDistrictinJuly2020.ThiswasonlythesecondtimeithadbeenspottedintheUK.Usingrubbishfoundinrivers,suchasplasticbottles,tennisballs,footwearandtoys,Jonescreatedalargewavesculpturetohighlighttheproblemoflittering.Jonessaysthatthroughhersculpturedshedrawsattentiontoenvironmentalissueinanattractiveandhumorousway.Herworkhasahumourandwarmththatmakespeoplesmile,makingpeoplethinktwiceaboutwhatwasteisandthevalueofmaterials,aswellastheimpactofover-consumptionontheenvironmentanditswildlife.28．Whatisthepurposeofthisexhibition?A．Toraisemoneyforthewildlifetrust. B．Toblamerubbishdumping.C．Topromoteenvironmentalprotection. D．Toshowwaysofrecycling.29．Whatistheinspirationbehindthesculpturedisplayedatthisexhibition?A．Theproblemofillegallittering. B．Thefamiliaritywithusedmaterials.C．Thebeautyofthenaturalworld. D．Thesuggestionfromawildlifetrust.30．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedJones’sworks?A．Uselessbutbeautiful. B．Attractiveandnatural.C．Dirtybutenlightening. D．Humorousandmeaningful.31．Whichcolumnisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A．News. B．Health. C．Entertainment. D．Advertisements,【答案】28．C29．C30．D31．A【导语】本文是一则新闻报道。文章报道了由诺丁汉郡的艺术家米歇尔·琼斯创作由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑正在英国Nottingham郡的大麦画廊展出，展览将持续到7月24日。28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Jonessaysthatthroughhersculpturedshedrawsattentiontoenvironmentalissueinanattractiveandhumorousway.(琼斯说，通过她的雕塑作品，她以一种迷人而幽默的方式引起了人们对环境问题的关注)”可知，展览的目的是为了促进环境保护。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“Jonesoftendrawsinspirationfromthe“beautyofthenaturalworld”andsaidthatthelargemodelofthewhite-tailedbumblebee(大黄蜂)wasinspiredbythemanyhoursshespentonhergardenduringthepandemic.(琼斯经常从“自然界的美丽”中汲取灵感，她说，白尾大黄蜂的大模型的灵感来自于疫情期间她在花园里花的许多时间)”可知，这次展览中展出的雕塑的灵感是自然世界的美丽。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Jonessaysthatthroughhersculpturedshedrawsattentiontoenvironmentalissueinanattractiveandhumorousway.(琼斯说，通过她的雕塑作品，她以一种迷人而幽默的方式引起了人们对环境问题的关注)”可知，琼斯的作品幽默同时引起大家对环境问题的关注，所以她的作品幽默并有意义。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据第一段“AselectionofwildlifesculpturemadeoutofrecycledrubbishisbeingdisplayedatanexhibitionatthebarleygalleryinNottinghamshire,England,until24July.ThesculptureshavebeencreatedbyNottinghamshire-basedartistMichelleJoneswhohasbeenworkingwithrecycledmaterialstoover20years.(一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑正在英国Nottingham郡的大麦画廊展出，展览将持续到7月24日。这些雕塑是由诺丁汉郡的艺术家米歇尔·琼斯创作的，她已经用回收材料创作了20多年)”可知，这是一则新闻报道，可以在新闻栏目看到这个文章。故选A。DDogscansmellfear,butcantheysmelloutthetruth?Itturnsout,dogsareprettygoodatpickinguponhumanbehavior.AteamledbyAkikoTakaokaofKyotoUniversityinJapanconductedastudywhichfoundoutthatdogsactuallyknowifyou’retobebelievedornot.Thestudyinvolvedtrickingdogsinthenameofscience.Humanshaveknownforalongtimethatifyoupointatanobject,adogwillruntoit.Researchersappliedthisinformationintheirstudy.Duringtheexperiment,theypointedatacontainerthatwasfilledwithhiddenfood.Sureenough,thedograntowardsthecontainer.Then,theypointedatacontainerthatwasempty.Thedogsrantowardsit,butfoundthatithadnofood.Thethirdtimetheresearcherspointedatacontainerwithfood,thedogsrefusedtogothere.Theyknewthepersonpointingwasn’treliablebasedontheirpreviousexperience.36dogswereusedintheexperiment,andeverysingledogwouldn’tgotowardsthecontainerthethirdtime.Thisexperimentprovesthatdogscanspotaliarorthatdogshavemajortrustissues.Inotherwords,ifyoulietoyourdog,yourdogformstheopinionthatyourwordsaren’tgoodandwillbehaveaccordingly.“Dogshavemorecomplexsocialintelligencethanwethought.Thissocialintelligenceevolvedselectivelyintheirlonglifehistorywithhumans,”saidTakaoka,whowasalsosurprisedthatdogswerequickwhenthey“devaluedthereliabilityofahuman.”JohnBradshawoftheUniversityofBristolintheUK,whowasn’tinvolvedinthisstudy,saysthattheresultsindicatethatdogspreferpredictability.Whengesturesareinconsistent,dogstendtobecomenervousandstressed.Theresearchersplantorepeattheexperimentwithwolvestolookintothe“effectsofdomestication”ondogs.32．WhatdoesTakaoka’sstudyfocuson?A．Dogs’relationshipwithhumans. B．Dogs’reactionwhencheated.C．Whetherdogscanrecognizelies. D．Whetherdogscansmellfear.33．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?A．12dogsweretestedeachtime.B．Researcherstookadvantageofdogs’habits.C．Thesamecontainerwasusedinthethreestages.D．Dogsweretrainedtosmelloutfoodbeforetheexperiment.34．WhatdoTakaoka’swordsinparagraph3implyaboutdogs?A．Theyaremoreintelligentthanhumans. B．Theyusedtodevaluehumans’reliability.C．Theyhaveevolvedhighsocialintelligence. D．Theyreactquicklytohumans’gestures.35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Wolvestendtogetusedtoinconsistency.B．Wolvescanbedomesticatedlikedogs.C．Dogsaregoodatpredictinghumanbehavior.D．Dogsareeasilyinfluencedbychanges.【答案】32．C33．B34．C35．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了狗善于了解人类的行为，它们实际上可以知道人类是否值得相信。32．细节理解题。根据第一段“AteamledbyAkikoTakaokaofKyotoUniversityinJapanconductedastudywhichfoundoutthatdogsactuallyknowifyou’retobebelievedornot.(日本京都大学的高冈明子领导的一个研究小组进行了一项研究，发现狗实际上知道你是否值得相信)”可知，高冈的研究重点是狗能否知道人类是否可信，即狗是否能够识别谎言。故选C项。33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thestudyinvolvedtrickingdogsinthenameofscience.Humanshaveknownforalongtimethatifyoupointatanobject,adogwillruntoit.Researchersappliedthisinformationintheirstudy.(这项研究涉及以科学的名义欺骗狗。人类早就知道，如果你指向一个物体，一条狗就会跑向它。研究人员在研究中应用了这些信息)”可知，研究人员们利用了狗的习惯。故选B项。34．推理判断题。根据第三段“Dogshavemorecomplexsocialintelligencethanwethought.Thissocialintelligenceevolvedselectivelyintheirlonglifehistorywithhumans,(狗的社会智力比我们想象的要复杂。这种社会智力是在它们与人类漫长的生活史中有选择地进化而来的)”可知，狗在与人类漫长的生活史中进化出了高度的社交智力。故选C项。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“dogspreferpredictability.Whengesturesareinconsistent,dogstendtobecomenervousandstressed.(狗更喜欢可预测性。当手势不一致时，狗往往会变得紧张和紧张)”可知，手势不一致会影响到狗。由此推知，狗很容易受到变化的影响。故选D项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manystudentsstudywithlittlethoughtaboutwhatcomesaftertheirstudysession.____36____Herearesomeno-costwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning.Whenmanystudentsfinishstudying,theyoftengostraighttoanotheractivity,likeplayingavideogameorwatchingtelevision.Butresearchsuggeststhatrestingafteryoustudymayhelpyourememberwhatyoustudied.Thisiswhatiscalled“wakefulrest”.Accordingtothelatestresearch,“Aperiodofwakefulrestimmediatelyafternewlearningboostsfreerecallofverbalmaterial,“theresearchsays.____37____Thebasicideaisthis:byreducingyouractivityafterthestudysession,yourbraingetsachancetorest.However,restingisdifficultwhenyouhavetoomuchexcitementfromelectronicdevices,games,lightsandsoon.____38____Restquietlyforfivetotenminutes.Donotlookatyourphone,readstoriesorplaygames.Justlimittheamountofexcitementyouget.Itisreallythateasy!Inadditiontowakefulrest,____39____Apersonwholackssleepcannotfocusattentioncompletelyandthereforecannotlearnefficiently.Also,sleepitselfhasaroleinstrengtheningmemory,whichisessentialforlearningnewinformation.Sometimes,whenwefirstformmemories,they’reinaveryrawandfragileform.____40____Nowyouhavetwosuggestionsforhowtolearnnewinformation.Trytogetsome“wakefulrest”afterastudysession.Thentrytogetagoodnight’ssleep.A．Theyareoftenhardtokeep.B．sleepisalsoimportantforlearning.C．relaxationafterstudyisveryimportant.D．Sleepisimportantforformingmemories.E．Theimpactcanbestrongerevenafterafewdays.F．Soherearesomesuggestionstogive“wakefulrest”atry.G．Butwhatyoudoafterstudyreallyinfluenceshowwellyoulearn.【答案】36．G37．E38．F39．B40．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些免费的方法可以帮助你提高你的学习。36．根据上文“Manystudentsstudywithlittlethoughtaboutwhatcomesaftertheirstudysession.(许多学生学习时很少考虑学习结束后要做什么。)”和下文“Herearesomeno-costwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning.(这里有一些免费的方法可以帮助你提高你的学习。)”可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明了解学习后要做什么很重要。G项：Butwhatyoudoafterstudyreallyinfluenceshowwellyoulearn.(但是你在学习后做什么真的会影响你的学习效果。)符合语境。故选G。37．根据上文“Accordingtothelatestresearch,“Aperiodofwakefulrestimmediatelyafternewlearningboostsfreerecallofverbalmaterial,”(最新的研究表明，“新知识学习后立即休息一段时间可以促进对语言材料的自由记忆。”)”和下文“Thebasicideaisthis:byreducingyouractivityafterthestudysession,yourbraingetsachancetorest.(基本的想法是这样的：通过减少你的活动后，你的大脑得到一个休息的机会。)”可知，空处进一步解释说明学习知识后休息的积极影响。可知，E项：Theimpactcanbestrongerevenafterafewdays.(这种影响甚至在几天后会变得更强。)符合语境。故选E。38．根据上文“However,restingisdifficultwhenyouhavetoomuchexcitementfromelectronicdevices,games,lightsandsoon.(然而，当你从电子设备、游戏、灯光等事物中获得太多兴奋时，休息就变得困难了。)”和下文“Donotlookatyourphone,readstoriesorplaygames.Justlimittheamountofexcitementyouget.(安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看你的手机，读故事或玩游戏。只是要限制你的兴奋程度。)”可知，上文提到休息之前变得兴奋不利于休息，下文提出一些具体的建议，让自己得到充分的休息，空处与上文形成因果关系，并启示下文要提出一些建议。F项：Soherearesomesuggestionstogive“wakefulrest”atry.(因此，这里有一些建议，给“清醒休息”一个尝试。)符合语境。故选F。39．根据下文“Apersonwholackssleepcannotfocusattentioncompletelyandthereforecannotlearnefficiently.(一个缺乏睡眠的人不能完全集中注意力，因此不能有效地学习。)”可知，本段主要强调睡眠的重要性，B项中的“sleep”与下文的“wholackssleep”对应。B项：sleepisalsoimportantforlearning.(睡眠对学习也很重要。)符合语境。故选B。40．根据上文“Also,sleepitselfhasaroleinstrengtheningmemory,whichisessentialforlearningnewinformation.Sometimes,whenwefirstformmemories,they’reinaveryrawandfragileform.(此外，睡眠本身也能增强记忆力，这对学习新知识至关重要。有时候，当我们第一次形成记忆时，它们是非常原始和脆弱的。)”可知，睡眠对记忆很重要。D项：Sleepisimportantforformingmemories.(睡眠对形成记忆很重要。)符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Inoticedsomething,”myfriendAshleysaid.“Yourbookshelfis_____41_____.”Inoddedabsently.Icouldfeelmybestfriendstaringatmewith_____42_____.“I’mlookingatyouronlinebookshelfrightnow.It’sclearofbooksthisyear.Why?”sheasked.“IwishIcouldread,”Ireplied,_____43_____themanyhoursI'dspenthelpingsomeonewiththeircomputerorbrowsing(浏览)onlinenewsarticles_____44_____readingnovels.“Butwho'sgoingto_____45_____funbookstome?”Ashleyasked,soundingshocked.“Youalwaysweremybookbuddy(朋友).”WhenIgothomethatday,Ideletedacalendareventthatwassupposedtohappenat9:00pmandtypedintothedescriptionbox,“Readanovel.”Whenthetimeforthe_____46_____eventcame,Ifeltsoguilty(内疚的)thatI_____47_____toturnontheaudiobook.With_____48_____,though,IfinallypressedPlayandsankintoacozyyoung-adultnovel.Isoon_____49_____andnoticedthatIwasreallyenjoyingmyself.Istartedclearingmycalendarformyself.EachtimeIpu