2019年6月高考真题江苏卷英语试卷

2019年6月高考真题江苏卷英语试卷•学生用卷

一、听力

1、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第1题1.5分

Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Inaclassroom.

B.Inahospital.

C.Inamuseum.

2、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第2题1.5分

WhatdocsJackwanttodo?

A.Takefitnessclasses.

B.Buyapairofgymshoes.

C.Changehisworkschedule.

3、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第3题1.5分

Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Whattodrink.

B.Wheretomeet.

C.Whentoleave.

4、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第4题1.5分

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleague.

B.Classmates.

C.Strangers.

5、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第5题1.5分

WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?

A.Shemightwantaticket.

B.Sheislookingfortheman.

C.Shehasanextraticket.

6、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第6~7题3分

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题,

(1)HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?

A.10years.

B.13years.

C.15years.

(2)HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames'situation?

A.Embarrassed.

B.Concerned.

C.Disappointed.

7、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第870题4.5分

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题,

(1)WhathasKate'smotherdecidedtodo?

A.Returntoschool.

B.Changeherjob.

C.Retirefromwork.

⑵WhatdidKate'smotherstudyatcollege?

A.Oilpainting.

B.Arthistory.

C.Businessadministration.

(3)WhatisKate'sattitudetowardhermother'sdecision?

A.Disapproving.

B.Ambiguous.

C.Understanding.

8、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第11~13题4.5分

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题,

(1)Whatisthemandoing?

A.Chairingameeting.

B.Hostingaradioprogram.

C.Conductingajobinterview.

(2)WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?

A.Herwidereading.

B.Herleadersfguidance.

C.Herfriends*help

⑶WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?

A.Herteacher.

B.Herfather.

C.Hermother.

9、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第14~17题6分

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题,

(1)Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?

A.Helacksmotivation.

B.Hehasaheartproblem.

C.Heworksallthetime.

(2)WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?

A.He'sanathlete.

B.He'saresearcher.

C.He,sajournalist.

(3)Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?

A.Toencouragetheman.

B.Torecommendanexercise.

C.Tosupportherfindings.

(4)Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?

A.300minutes.

B.150minute.

C.75minutes.

10、【来源】2019年6月高考真题全国卷I第18~20题4.5分

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

(1)Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?

A.Theyrepairedit.

B.Theypaintedit.

C.Theyblockedit

(2)Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?

A.It'swarm.

B.It'sbrown.

C.It*ssmooth.

(3)Whatisthepurposeofthescientists'experiment?

A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.

B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.

C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.

二、单项填空(共15小题，每题1分，计15分)

11、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第21题1分

2019~2020学年3月天津静海区天津市静海区第一中学高三下学期月考第13题

Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.

A.which

B.what

C.when

1).that

12、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第22题1分

2019年高考真题江苏卷

2020~2021学年广东深圳龙闵区华中师范大学龙卤附属中学高二上学期期中第51题1分

2018-2019学年吉林高一下学期期末第71题1分

Themusicianalongwithhisbandmemberstenperformancesinthelastthree

months.

A.gives

B.hasgiven

C.havegiven

D.give

13、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第23题1分

2018-2019学年吉林高一下学期期末第72题1分

2019~2020学年广东深圳南山区北大附中深圳南山分校高三上学期期末第28题1分

2019~2020学年广东汕头潮阳区高二上学期期末第10题1分

Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatientstheyneedmedical

assistance.

A.ifonly

B.asif

C.eventhough

D.incase

14、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷笫24题1分

Morewindpowerstationswilltomeetthedemandfbrcleanenergy.

A.takeup

B.clearup

C.holdup

D.springup

If、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第25题1分

Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidenceplasticisfindingitswayintothe

humanbody.

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.where

16、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第26题1分

Nowadaysthetortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.

A.priority

B.potential

C.proportion

D.pension

17、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第27题1分

2019年高考真题江苏卷

Favorablepoliciesaretoencourageemployeesprofessionaldevelopment.

A.ineffect

B.incommand

C.inturn

D.inshape

18、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第28题1分

Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeopleoptionstoexercise.

A.casual

B.regular

C.flexible

D.tight

19、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第29题1分

2019年高考真题江苏卷

AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smithinlovewiththe

peopleandculturethere.

A.wouldfall

B.hadfallen

C.hasfallen

D.fell

2。、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第30题1分

2018-2019学年吉林高一下学期期末第73题1分

theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmart

phones.

A.Toenjoy

B.Enjoying

C.Tohaveenjoyed

D.Enjoy

21、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第31题1分

2018~2019学年吉林高一下学期期末第74题1分

2019~2020学年广东汕头潮阳区高二上学期期末第9题1分

Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orweagoodtimetogether.

A.had

B.willhave

C.wouldhavehad

D.hadhad

22、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第32题1分

2020-2021学年广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高一下学期期中第83题1分

2020~2021学年3月广东广州荔湾区广东实验中学高二下学期月考第68题1分

China'simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountriesitsrolein

internationalaffairs.

A.recognizing

B.beingrecognized

C.toberecognized

D.recognized

23、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第33题1分

2019~2020学年甘肃兰州城关区甘肃省兰州第一中学高二上学期期末第7题1分

Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminalsby2022fortheBeijing

WinterOlympics.

A.willinstall

B.willhavebeeninstalled

C.areinstalled

D.havebeeninstalled

24、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第34题1分

Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,man'sintelligenceand

creativity.

A.resembling

B.reflecting

C.reviewing

1）.restoring

23【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第35题1分

2020年天津塘沽区天津市塘沽区第一中学高三二模第15题1分

-Let'stakeacoffeebreak.

一We'vebeenworkingforhours.

A.Whybother?

B.Whatfor?

C.Yougotmethere.

D.Yousaidit.

三、完形填空（共20题，每题1分，计20分）

26、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第36~55题20分（每题1分）

2018~2019学年江西南昌东湖区南昌市第二中学高二下学期期末第21~4。题30分

Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodemage.Therearespecies（物种）that

are1everyday.Thewhite-napedcraneisatypicalexample.Soscientistsare

tryingtheirbestto2thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.

ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswiththeir3.

Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenintheir4sinceshearrivedin2004.

Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas5byhuman

caretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected6,thoughshehadawonderfultime

there.Emmahad7takenherselfasacraneandbecomedeeplyattachedto

humans.She8tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhad

a9fbrkillingsomeofthem,whichmade

it10fbrhertobecomeamother.

1J,thetwozookeepersdidn'twanttoseetheextinction（灭绝）ofthis

preciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydeveloped

a12ofartificialbreeding（人工繁殖）andnaturalreproduction.

This13Emmatogivebirthtofivebabycranes.

Thetwokeepersareproudoftheirproductivework.Butbeforetheycan

be14,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationofthecraneinthe

wildisonthe15,andmanyotherspeciesappearheadedtoward

extinction.16,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,

andmostimportantly,equalrightstosurvive.

Howcanwe17theever-wideninggapthatseparatedusfromother

animals?ChrisandTimofferedusthe18:humanbeingstookitfbrgranted

thattheir19heldallthesolutions,butmaybetheirheartscanbea

better__________20__________

A.growingB.migratingC.competingD.disappearing

A.banB.saveC.splitD.remove

A.abortionB.recreationC.reproductionD.administration

A.careB.eyeC.mindD.story

A.foundB.chosenC.raisedD.seized

A.bonusB.consequenceC.victoryD.sacrifice

A.neverB.alwaysC.unluckilyD.cheerfully

A.1ikedB.refusedC.decidedD.hesitated

A.giftB.ski1IC.concern!）,reputation

A.illegalB.inspiringC.importantD.impossible

A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Instead

A.combinationB.collectionC.strategyD.system

A.forcedB.forbadeC.taughtD.enabled

A.defeatedB.gratefulC.assuredD.tolerant

A.listB.riseC.agendaD.decline

A.IncontrastB.AfterallC.BythewayD.Onthecontrary

A.leaveB.bridgeC.openD.identify

A.courseB.excuseC.answerD.reward

A.brainsB.behaviorsC.servicesD.projects

A.guideB.treatC.exampleD.companion

四、阅读理解（共15题，每题2分，计30分）

27、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷（A篇）第56~57题4分（每题2分）

Whale、cryourageorinterests,Buxtonhaswendhingiosecordotomakeyourvisiltrulymemorable.

Ifyoudesirepiiys>calactivities,youcanCKOOKactivitiesfromswimmingIohoneridingExploreIhcheights

withGoApe,thehighwirefbrc*(adventurecounte,orjourneybeneaththeearthalPoole'sCaventAnddon,)

Ibcgct;wearcsurroundedbyanaturalplayground)ustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.

Buxtooisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou'llfindmuchIosuitalllaslcswithart.music,operaandthe

xHbnningartsatBuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreandGreenManGallery.Therearcplentyo(

.ipponunitm(orthecreativeperwntobecomeinvoked,includinguork&hop^andevents.

ChildrenloveihcsmalltrainandplaygroundsinthePavilionGardensandthere'splentymoretoexplorealthe

ItuxkNiMu&cum.There'saneuindoorplaycentre,plusthe卬ccialeventsandworkshopsandother、during

<ichoolholidayperiods.

(1)Ifyouwanttotakeanundergounldjourney,whichplaceisthebestchoice?

A.Poole,sCavern.

B.PavilionGardens.

C.BuxtonMuseum.

D.GreenManGallery.

（2）BuxtonOpenHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers.

A.ridesinsmal1trains

B.coursesinmodemarts

C.artisticandculturalactivities

D.basiccoursesinhorseriding

28、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷（B篇）第58~60题6分（每题2分）

Inthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansen

becamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore:hecouldn'tfindtheparks

volcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature-that'swhat

accountedfbrallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstone

volcanoanywhere.

Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone（圆锥体）shapesofaFujior

Kilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma（岩浆）pilesup.Thesecanformremarkably

quickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inone

weekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutat

almostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.Altogethertherearcsometenthousand

ofthesevolcanoesonEarth,allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknown

typeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearcvolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburst

openinasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthis

secondtype,butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.

JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsof

Yellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumption

thattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,

herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres-wascaldera.

Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanibrtymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereat

groundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthe

scaleofanythingknowntohumans.

（1）WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?

A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.

B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.

C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark.

D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.

（2）Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Theshapesofvolcanoes.

B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes.

C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes.

D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?

A.Hot-airballoon.

B.Digitalcamera.

C.Bigphotograph.

D.Bird*sview.

29、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷C篇第61~64题8分（每题2分）

2020~2021学年北京海淀区首都师范大学附属中学高二上学期期末（D篇）第62~65题8分

2020-2021学年10月江苏南京雨花台区南京市雨花台中学高二上学期月考第32~35题10分

2019~2020学年广东广州海珠区广州市第六中学高二上学期期中第39~42题8分（每题2分）

2020~2021学年广东广州荔湾区广东实验中学高二上学期期末（D篇）第62~65题8分

WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthe

washingmachine?Whydoesitmattertliatpeoplearcmoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?

Ilwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhave

realimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.

ThefascinationwiththeICT（InformationandCommunicationTechnology）revolution,represented

bytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"that

theyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglect

theirmanufacturingsector（制造业）withnegativeconsequencesfbrtheireconomies.

Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedthe

internationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoor

countries.Thishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuy

computerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedeveloping

countriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,

extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimproved

people'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages.

Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancy

programmeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesof

theirmoney.

Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesin

thetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarytha:nowweliveina

"borderlessworld".Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethat

whateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwill

beliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendto

someoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoor

results.

Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,both

atthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andfbrmakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.

However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,

can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.

(1)Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto.

A.alackofconfidenceintechnology

B.aslowprogressintechnology

C.aconf1ictofpublicopinions

D.awasteoflimitedresources

(2)TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould.

A.takepeople*sessentialneedsintoaccount

B.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople

C.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport

D.providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities

(3)Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?

A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.

B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.

C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.

D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.

B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.

C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.

D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.

3。、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷（D篇）第65~70题12分（每题2分）

The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer's（阿尔兹海默症）.He

waslosinghismemory.

Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhis

family.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.

Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepeach

nightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.

Naomi,Melissa'sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnessto

help.

"Whydothis?”Stevewondered.

"Becauseshecares."Melissasaid.

Stevenodded,tearsineye.

NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhomeShetoldSteveshe'dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothe

pianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.

Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano,startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.

ButStevepressedon,playingforthefirsttimeinhislifefbrastranger.

"Itwasbeautiful."Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording."Themusicwasworthsaving."

Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwassillinSteveGoodwin.Itwas

biddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.

NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He'dmovehisfingersclumsilyon

thepiano,andthenshe'dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythe

piano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.

SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcodelines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasongin

anewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn'tplayit.

WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteone

lastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthe

fight.Stevecalledit"MelancholyFlower".

Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts,Stevestruggling,searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim

"honey"andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Joni

praisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.

Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve'sfavorite,andmostpersonalsongs.WithNaomi'shelp,the

GoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve'ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbe

theend.Butitwasn't.

Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert,Naomitoldthe

directorshehadaspecialoneinmind:"MelancholyFlower".

ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.But

NaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve'spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.

Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve'smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneeded

tobesharedinpublic.

ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayofthe

show,morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.

Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthe

pathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.

Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitook

thestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.

(1)WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather'smusic?

A.Hismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.

B.Shewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.

C.Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.

D.Shewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.

(2)AfterhearingSteve'splaying,Naomi

A.refusedtomakeacommentonit

B.wasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusic

C.decidedtofreeStevefromsuffering

D.regrettedofferinghelptoherfriend

(3)HowcantheprocessofSteve'srecordingbedescribed?

A.Itwasslowbutproductive.

B.Itwasbeneficialtohishealth.

C.ItwastiresomeforNaomi.

D.ItwasvitalforNaomi*scareer.

(4)BeforeStevefinished"MelancholyFlower"hiswifeJoni

A.thoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted

B.didn'texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtabout

C.didn'tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband'smusic

D.broughtherhusband*smusiccareertoperfection

(5)HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland?

A.Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness.

B.Hesensedaresponsibilityformusic.

C.Heregainedhisfaithinmusic.

D.Hegotintoastateofquiet.

(6)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.TheKindnessofFriends.

B.ThePowerofMusic.

C.TheMakingofaMusician.

D.TheValueofDetermination.

五、任务型阅读(共10题，每题1分，计10分)

31、【来源】2019年6月高考真题江苏卷第71~80题10分(每题1分)

TheCostofThinking

Despitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics,suchaslarge

brainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.

Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwith

otheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals（哺乳动物）

weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-

1400cm~.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,more

mustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.

Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain-consumptionofenergy-onthebody.I'snoteasyto

carryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull（倾骨）.It'sevenhardertoprovideenergy.In

modernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody's

energywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes（类人猿）requireonly8%ofrest-time

energy.Earlyhumanspadfbrtheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.

Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodway

tosurvive.Achimpanzee（黑猩猩）can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcanteartheman

apartlikearagdoll.

Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,itseasiertofindfoodor

enemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,like

throwingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.

Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedfbrmillions

ofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoan

uprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.

Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.

Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemade

humankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesfbrafull2

millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreature.Thushumanswholivedamillion

yearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat-eatinganimals.

1he(<MCof1hinMns

(Largebratmfortheirbodinandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo

Introduction

[ofhumanbeings.

»Thelar)(tfrbruin*maynotbebefta*bccauM;oftheco«t.

,Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundand

The2oflaqvhumanbninxKwiMimcmoreenergy

»TheanimalbrainrequiresIOM3when(hebodygatreM.

•Largehumanbrainsconsufncmorefood,andweakenmuscles.

»Walkinguprightmake.it