【创新设计】2021高考英语(湖南专用)大二轮总复习定时训练-3

定时训练(3)Ⅰ.专题特训(非谓语动词)1．(2022届北京市第四十四中学高三第一学期期中测试)Inthereadingroom，wefoundher________atadesk，withherattention________onabook.A．sitting；fixingB．tosit；fixedC．seating；fixingD．seated；fixed解析考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：在阅览室内，我们发觉她坐在一张桌子旁，集中精力看一本书。beseated就坐＝sitting，fixone'sattentionon集中精力于。故选D项。答案D2．(2022届湖南省澧县一中益阳市一中桃源县一中高三上学期三校联考)________withtheincreasingunemployment，manypeoplewentonstrikeinmostoftheEuropeancountries.A．FacingB．BeingfacedC．FacedD．Havingfaced解析考查过去分词做状语。句意：面临越来越严峻的失业问题，欧洲国家很多人去罢工。sbbefacedwithsth某人面临……，这里可以用过去分词做状语，假如没有横线后的with，就可以用facing，选C项。答案C3．(2022届黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三上学期期中)Hewonderedifhecouldslipoutofthelecturehallwithoutanyone________．A．noticingB．noticedC．tonoticeD．beingnoticed解析考查with/without复合结构。其基本结构为：with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词，代词，形容词，副词，现在分词，或者过去分词，也可以是不定式。对宾语的状况进行补充说明。当做宾语补足语的动词与宾语构成被动关系的时候，使用过去分词的形式；当二者构成主动关系的时候，使用现在分词的形式。要特殊要留意with的复合结构经常与独立主格结构转换使用。本题中anyone与notice构成主动关系，故使用现在分词。故选A项。答案A4．(2022届浙江省绍兴市第一中学高三上学期期中)Oppositetheoldtownisthe5，500metersYulongXueshanMountain，itspeak________withsnow.A．iscoveredB．coveredC．coveringD．covers解析考查独立主格结构。句意：在古城的对面是海拔5500米高的御龙雪山，它的顶峰有雪掩盖着。由于句中没有连词，所以推断是独立主格结构，排解A、D选项，peak和动词cover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动，故选B项。答案B5．(2022届江苏省无锡市第三高级中学高三期初质量检测)Misunderstandings________fromlackofsocialcommunication，unless________withproperly，mayleadtoseriousproblems.A．resulted；dealtB．resulting；dealtC．resulted；dealingD．resulting；dealing解析考查非谓语动词。misunderstandings和resultfrom是主谓关系，用现在分词作定语，相当于whichresultfrom...，排解A、C；unless后省略了misunderstandings，misunderstandings与dealwith是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，相当于unlesstheyaredealtwith...，排解D。故选B项。答案B6．(2022届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考)Weallthinkthattheplanyoucomeupwith________theworkisverypractical.A．completingB．completed C．tocomplete D．complete解析考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都认为你为完成这个工作想到的方案格外有用。tocomplete表目的，修饰plan。youcomeupwith是定语从句，修饰先行词plan。故选C项。答案C7．(2022届河南省南阳市高三五校联谊期中)________withsomeresearchmaterials，hedecidedonthreepossibleapproachesinhisexperiment.A．PreparingB．PreparedC．HavingpreparedD．Prepare解析考查过去分词做状语。句意：预备好了争辩材料，他打算试验三个可能的方法。bepreparedwith预备好，所以这里用过去分词做状语，表示状态，选B项。答案B8．(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)Thenewly－discoveredevidenceledtothecriminal________tofiveyearsinprison.A．tobesentenced B．beingsentenced C．sentenced D．besentenced解析考查非谓语动词。句意：新发觉的证据使得罪犯被宣判坐5年的牢。leadto导致，to为介词，故后面接v.－ing形式。故选B项。答案B9．(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)________todriveafterdrinking，somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck，whichisdangerous.A．NotremindedB．RemindednotC．NothavingbeenremindedD．Havingremindednot解析考查非谓语动词。句意：被提示不要酒后驾驶，但一些司机仍旧碰运气，那是很危急的。题中的规律主语为somedrivers，与remind之间的关系为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。remindsbtodo的否定形式为remindsbnottodo。故选B项。答案B10．(2022届北京市朝阳区高三上学期期中考试)Thepolicemankepthiseyes________onthescreenofthecomputertoidentifythecriminal'sfootprints.A．fixingB．fixedC．tofixD．beingfixed解析考查过去分词做宾语补足语。句意：警察始终凝视着电脑屏幕，来识别罪犯的脚印。这里用的是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，由于“凝视”是fixone'seyeson，所以eyes和fix是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，选B项。答案B11．Thelecture，________at7：00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.A．startingB．beingstartedC．tostartD．tobestarted解析依据lastnight可知start已经发生，故排解C、D(不定式常表将来)，B(beingdone)一般表进行，也排解。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态现在分词作定语。答案A12．We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds________toachievethefinalsuccess.A．beingdoneB．doC．tobedoneD．todo解析由于work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用－ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。谓语与非谓语动词不定式的被动语态作宾语短语needtobedone。答案C13．Marklivesinabigpleasantroom________approximately5metersby6meters.A．measuresB．measuringC．tobemeasuredD．havingmeasured解析本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.测量；估量；也可以表示：距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……；本句中的measure表示的就是第2层含有距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……；动词measure与前面的名词room构成规律上的主动关系，故使用现在分词measuringapproximately5metersby6meter来修饰前面的名词room。句义：Mark生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒适的房子里。故B正确。答案B14．“Youcan'tcatchme！”Janetshouted，________away.A．runB．runningC．torunD．ran解析分词running与句中主语Janet为规律上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。本题大意，“你不能抓住我！”Janet喊着，逃跑了，故B正确。分词作状语的用法需要留意分词的规律主语与句子的主语全都。答案B15．—WhatmadelittleTonysounhappyandcryinhisroom?—________togohikingwithhisbrother.A．HavingnotbeenallowedB．NothavingallowedC．HavingnotallowedD．Nothavingbeenallowed解析考查非谓语动词。本题考查动名词短语作主语，依据句意可知是“没有被允许”，故用被动语态。句意：——什么使得小托尼不快活，在房间里哭呢？——没有允许和他哥哥一起去徒步旅行。故D正确。答案DⅡ.阅读理解体裁：记叙文话题：动物爱护时间：7分钟(2021·济宁二模)EveryAugustontheislandofHeimaey，offthesoutherncoastofIceland，youngpeopleoftentakeawalkalongthestreetsthroughoutthenight.What'smore，theirparentsallowthemtostayout.Why？ThechildrenofHeimaeyaregoingtosaveyoungpuffins—smallblack－and－whiteseabirds.Thecliffs(悬崖)abovethetownarehometoalargegroupofpuffins.Thebirdsdigholesallaroundthecliffs.Theseholesaretheirhomes.Theiryoungstayintheholesforaboutsevenweeks.Thentheybegintoleave.SomemoveslowlyontheirundevelopedwingsandfeetdowntothenorthernAtlanticOceanthatsurroundsHeimaey.There，theyswim，whichtheycandonaturally，andlearntodiveforfish.Others，however，maylosetheirwayatnightandfindthemselvesinthetowninstead.Ontheground，theyoungseabirdsareintrouble.Becausetheirwingsarenotfullydeveloped，theycannottakeoffquicklytoseaandsafety.Thebirdsthenbecomeagoodmealforcatsandotheranimals.Formanyyears，islandershavehelpedtheyoungpuffins.EarlyatnightinlateAugust，childrencarryingthickpaperboxesandlightshurrytotheseashoretocatchpuffins.Theyspendmostofthenightrunningafterthebirds.Theyputthebirdsthey'vecaughtinboxesandtakegoodcareofthem.Thenextmorningthechildrentakethepuffinstotheoceanandsetthemfree.Thebirdswillliveatseauntiltheyareatleasttwoyearsold.Thentheywillreturntothecliffstobuildhomesoftheirownfortheirfamilies.WillthechildrenofHeimaeyalwayscometosavepuffins？“Yes，”answertheboys.“Welookforwardtoit.Thebesttimeforusissettingthebirdsfree.”【语篇导读】本文通过叙述居住在冰岛南海岸四周的黑迈岛上的孩子们为什么挽救海鹦幼鸟，以及怎样挂念幼鸟，人类和谐相处的故事。揭示了孩子们挽救幼鸟缘由：对他们来说最奇特的时间就是让那些鸟儿获得自由。1．EveryAugustchildrenofHeimaeyareallowedtostayoutallnight________．A．tocatchpuffinsandkeepthemaspetsB．todrivepuffinsawayC．tofreepuffinsfromdangerD．torunafterpuffinsforpleasure解析细节理解题。由文章首段最终一句可知正确答案。答案C2．Theyoungpuffinsthatgetintothetownareindangerofbeing________．A．killedbyhuntersB．drivenawayfromthetownC．eatenbyanimalsD．starvedtodeath解析细节理解题。由其次段最终三句可知C项正确。答案C3．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．HeimaeyisasmalltownonIceland.B．Thebabypuffinsstayintheholesforatleasttwoyears.C．Learningtoswimisalongandhardprocess.D．Fishisatleastonekindoftheputffin'sfoods.解析细节理解题。由第一段首句可知A项错误；由其次段第三句可知B项错误；由其次段中“...theyswim，whichtheycandonaturally，andlearntodiveforfish”可知C项错误，D项正确。答案D4．ThechildrenlookforwardtoAugustbecause______．A．it'stimeforthemtogooutatnighttosavepuffinsB．theyenjoyplayingthegameofrunningafterseabirdsC．it'stimeforthechildrentoplaywiththebirdsD．thechildrencanstayoutatnighttowatchpuffinscomingtothetown解析推理推断题。由文章第三段及最终一段可推知A项正确。答案A5．FromthepassageweknowthepeopleofHeimaey________．A．neverfightamongthemselvesB．lovepuffinsverymuchC．hatecatsanddogsD．enjoystayinguplateatnight解析推理推断题。由全文最终一段最终一句话可知。答案BⅢ.阅读填空TheWorldBank，theUnitedNationsandtheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicinedidastudytourgehand－washingaroundtheworld.Theyfoundthatonemillionlivescouldbesavedeachyearifpeoplewashedtheirhandswithsoapoften.Theysaidthatprogramstoincreasehand－washingwithsoapcouldbeamongthemosteffectivewaystoreduceinfectiousdiseases.Doctorssay，manydiseasescanbepreventedfromspreadingbyhand－washing.Theseincludepinworms(寄生虫)，influenza(流行性感冒)，thecommoncold，hepatitis(肝炎)A，meningitis(脑膜炎)andinfectiousdiarrhea(腹泻)．Hand－washingdestroysgermsfromotherpeople，animalsorobjectsapersonhastouched.Whenpeoplegetbacteriaontheirhands，theycaninfectthemselvesbytouchingtheireyes，noseormouth.Thenthesepeoplecaninfectotherpeople.Theexpertssaytheeasiestwaytocatchacoldistotouchyournoseoreyesaftersomeonenearbyhassneezedorcoughed.Anotherwaytobecomesickistoeatfoodpreparedbysomeonewhosehandswerenotclean.Theexpertssaythathand－washingisespeciallyimportantbeforeandafterpreparingfood，beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsafterhandlinganimalsoranimalwaste，andaftercleaningababy.Theexpertssayitisalsoagoodideatowashyourhandsafterhandlingmoneyandaftersneezingorcoughing.Anditisimportanttowashyourhandsoftenwhensomeoneinyourhomeissick.Theexpertssaythemosteffectivewaytowashyourhandsistorubthemtogetherwhileusingsoapandwarmwater.Theysayyoudonothavetousespecialantibacterial