冲刺2023年高考英语名校好题练手卷(十)原卷版

冲刺2023年高考英语名校好题练手卷（十）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATop4FamousBridgesaroundtheWorldUNDULATINGBRIDGE,CHINAThisbridgeisanengineeringmarvel.Itsdistinctivearchitectureisattractingtheattentionofmanyengineersworldwide.Thisbridgeincludesavarietyofroutesatdifferentlevels.Itfeatures“adiversityofroutings“ondifferentheights,providingseveralroutesforwalkerstotakeastheycrosstheriver.TOWERBRIDGETowerBridgeisasymbolforLondon.ThebridgehastwoGothictowersandthewalkwayswhichcrossbetweenthetwotowers.VisitorscanvisittheTowerBridgefromthenorthsideofthebridgeandwatchthebridgeforstructuralengineering.AndthenfromthebridgeathighchannelacrosstheThames,enjoythebeautifulsceneryonbothsides.BROOKLYNBRIDGEBrooklynBridgeisoneoftheoldestsuspensionbridgesintheUnitedStates,connectingManhattantoBrooklyn.ThebridgingoftheEastRiverwasalengthyandcomplicatedbusinesswhichsawmanymengettinginjuredinthedangerousworkingconditionsofthetime.Thebridgeisnowamuch-lovedfeatureofNewYorkandcanbeseeninmanytelevisionshowsandmovies.CHARLESBRIDGECharlesBridge’sfirststonewaslaidbyKingCharlesIV.ThebridgetodayofferssomethingofashorthistoryofPragueandCzechoslovakia.Arecentrenovationsawtheoriginalstatuesbeingreplacedwithmodernreplicasandtheoriginalscarefullyremovedtoamuseum.WheneveryouareinPrague,besuretowanderovertheCharlesBridge.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Atravelbrochure. C．Asciencebook. D．Abusinessjournal.2．Whichbridgecanmostprobablybeseeninfilms?A．UndulatingBridge. B．TowerBridge. C．BrooklynBridge. D．CharlesBridge.3．WhatcanweknowaboutCharlesBridgefromthetext?A．It’sasymbolforBritisharchitecture.B．Ithasatroublesomeconstructionhistory.C．Itsoriginalstatuescanbeseeninamuseum.D．Itenablesvisitorstocrosstheriverviadifferentroutes.BClimateactivistHenryEmsontoldEuronewsthatwhenhebecameafathersevenyearsago,hewasworriedabouthisfamily’seffectontheenvironment.Afterdoingsomeresearch,hefoundthebestwaytoeliminatetheircarbonfootprintwasbyplantinggiantsequoiatrees(巨型红杉树).Giantsequoiasareidealforcapturingcarbondioxidebecausetheycontinuetogrowconsistentlyforcenturies,storingCO2overtime.GeneralSherman,theworld’slargestsequoiatree,hasstoredanestimated1,500tonsofCO2initstrunkoverthelast2,200yearsandcouldliveanother800years.Theaveragehumancouldgeneratecloseto1,000tonsofCO2overtheirlifetime,soplantingonegiantsequoiacouldeffectivelyreducethecarbonfootprintofmorethanoneperson.Afterrealizingthepowergiantsequoiashavetofightclimatechange,EmsondevotedhislifetoplantingthousandsintheUKbycreatingtheOneLifeOneTreeproject.Itsfinalgoalistoplant100,000giantsequoiasintheUKby2030,andaccordingtoTheMirror,asofMarch2022,ithasalreadyplanted700.TreesarecurrentlybeingplantednearAbergavennyinWalesandtheprojectisexpandingtoDevon,theLakeDistrictandScotland.WhilethecommonassumptionisthatthesegianttreescanonlybegrowninNorthernCalifornia,theyactuallydowellintheUKatatimewhenthesequoiapopulationisthreatenedbackhome.AccordingtoOneTreeOneLife,95%oftheold-growthsequoiapopulationhasbeenloggedoverthepasttwocenturiesandwhatremainsisunderthreatfromclimatechange.“A10year＋droughtandtemperatureincreasehavegreatlydamagedthehealthofthetrees.Asecondaryimpactofthedroughtismakingthemincreasinglysusceptible(易受影响的)toinsectattackandfire,”thesitesays.ConsideringthedangerthatclimatechangeiscausinggiantsequoiasinCalifornia,Emson’sworkalsobenefitsthesetrees.“They’relikeclimaterefugees(难民)—wehelpthemwithassistedmigration,”hetoldEuronews.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A．Measure. B．Remove. C．Overlook. D．Spread.5．Howdoesthetextmainlyshowgiantsequoias’abilitytostoreCO2?A．Bygivinganexample. B．Bydoinganexperiment.C．Bymakingcomparisons. D．Byreferringtocomments.6．WhydidHenryEmsonlaunchtheOneLifeOneTreeproject?A．Toprotecttheenvironmentbyplantingtrees.B．Totesttheadaptabilityofgiantsequoiatrees.C．Tosavedifferentkindsofendangeredtrees.D．Toprovethevalueofgiantsequoiastohiskids.7．WhatcanbelearnedaboutHenryEmson’swork?A．ItdisturbsthewholeecosystemofCalifornia.B．Itindirectlyturnsgiantsequoiasintorefugees.C．Ithelpspromotethesurvivalofgiantsequoias.D．ItassistsCaliforniainrecoveringfromdrought.CItwasn’tuntilIgraduatedfromcollegethatIsubsequentlyrealizedthatknowledgeissoendlessthatIwasabletolearnforpleasure.Asenseofcuriosity,ratherthanperfectionism,guidedme.Istartedtoseedictionariesasfieldguidestothelifeoflanguage.LookingupwordsencounteredinthewildfeltlesslikeafailureandmorelikeanadmissionthatIstilldidn’tknowlotsofthingsandanopportunitytodiscovermore.Icherishmy1954copyofWebster’sNewInternationalDictionarygivenbymyroommate.IoftenconsultitduringtheeveninggamesofScrabbleormiddaymagazinereading.Imostlyreadnovelsatnight,inbed,sowhenIcomeacrossunfamiliarwords,Ifoldthebottomofthepageandthenlookthemupwordbyword.WhenIstartencounteringthesewords,thelanguageworldseemstoshrinktothesizeofasmalltown.Wikipediaanswersquestionswithmorequestions,openinguppagesofinformationyouneveraskedfor.Butadictionarybuildsoncommonknowledge,usingsimplewordstoexplainmorecomplexones.UsingonefeelsasifI’mopeninganoyster(牡蛎)withcuriosity.Unknownwordsbecomemysteries,andsolvingthemgivesmesatisfaction.Whyalwaysleavethemuptoguesswork?Whynotconsultadictionaryandfeeltheinstantcontentmentofpairingcontextwithadefinition?Dictionariesrewardyouforpayingattention,bothtothethingsyouconsumeandtoyourowncuriosity.Theyareanentranceintothekindofchildishurgetojustknowthings,whichIhadbeforelearningbecameadutyinsteadofagame.Formostofyou,dictionariesareagatewayintothatkindofunconsideredknowledge-seeking.Theyremindyouthat,whenitcomestolearning,allowingyourcuriosityisjustasimportantaspayingattention.Afterall,isn’tcuriosityreallyjustanotherformofattention?Followingyourcuriosityinsteadofpushingitaway,consultyourdictionaryandfeelconnectedtomorethanwhat’srightinfrontofyou.8．Whatdoesconsultingdictionariesmeantotheauthor?A．Aguidetoshapehischaracter.B．Acompleteadmissionoffailure.C．Achancetoexploretheunknown.D．Auniquewayofperfectinghimself.9．Whatdoes“cherish”underlinedinparagraph2mean?A．Lose. B．Prize.C．Edit. D．Publish.10．WhyisWikipediamentionedinparagraph3?A．Toshowadvantagesofdictionaries.B．Toindicatetheimportanceoftechnology.C．Tointroduceanotherpowerfullearningtool.D．Toprovethebenefitsofusingthesearchengine.11．Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhelastparagraph?A．Makeanappeal.B．Raisedoubts.C．Giveawarning.D．Expressthanks.DManyownersofelectriccarshavewishedforabatterypackthatcouldpowertheirvehicleformorethanathousandmilesonasinglecharge.Researchershavedevelopedalithium-airbatterythatcouldmakethatdreamareality.Thenewbatterydesigncouldalsoonedaypowerairplanesandtrucks.Themainnewcomponentinthislithium-airbatteryisasolidelectrolyte(电解质)insteadoftheusualliquidvariety.Batterieswithsolidelectrolytesarenotsubjecttosafetyproblemswiththeliquidelectrolytesusedinlithium-ionandotherbatterytypes,whichcanoverheatandcatchfire.Moreimportantly,thesolidelectrolytecanpotentiallyboosttheenergyfourtimes,whichtranslatesintolongerdrivingrange.Foroveradecade,scientistshavebeenworkingovertimetodevelopalithium(锂)batterythatmakesuseoftheoxygeninair.Thelithium-airbatteryhasthehighestenergyofanybatterytechnologybeingconsideredforthenextgenerationofbatteriesbeyondlithium-ion.Thenewsolidelectrolyteiscomposedofamaterialmadefromrelativelyinexpensiveelements,comparedwiththepastdesigns.Besides,thechemicalreactioninlithium-iononlyinvolvesoneortwoelectronsstoredperoxygenmolecule(分子),whilethatforlithium-airbatteryinvolvesfourelectrons.Moreelectronsstoredmeanshigherenergy.Thenewdesignisthefirstlithium-airbatterythathasachievedafour-electronreactionatroomtemperature.Italsooperateswithoxygensuppliedbyairfromthesurroundingenvironment.Thecapabilitytorunwithairavoidstheneedforoxygentankstooperate,aproblemwithearlierdesigns.“Withfurtherdevelopment,weexpectournewdesignforthelithium-airbatterytoreacharecordof1200watt-hoursperkilogram,”saidCurtiss,aresearcher.“Thatisnearlyfourtimesbetterthanlithium-ionbatteries.”12．Whatcontributesmosttothelithium-ionbattery?A．Lithium-ion. B．Oxygenmolecules. C．Solidelectrolytes. D．Liquidcomponent.13．What’stheproblemwithlithium-ionbatteries?A．Theyburneasilyifoverheated. B．Theyareunsafeinproduction.C．Theydamagetheenvironment. D．Theyrequirelongerchargingtime.14．Howdoestheauthororganizeparagraph4?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bypresentingstatistics D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．HowLithium-airBatteriesWork B．WhatwillBeUsedtoPowerAirplanesC．ElectricCarsAreBecomingMorePopular D．NewBatteriesOfferLongerDriving第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Applyingthecorrecttimemanagementskillsandtipscanhelpyougetmoreorganizedandincreaseproductivity.Themoreofthesetoolsyoulearntouse,themorethatyouwillgetdoneeachday.___16___.First,getreadyyourworklistforthefollowingdaytheeveningornightbefore.Thebestexerciseisforyoutoplanyourentirenextdayasthelastthingyoudobeforecominghomefromwork.Whenyouplanyourdaythenightbefore,yoursubconsciousnessthengoestoworkonyourplansandgoalswhileyouareasleep.Veryoftenyouwillwakeupinthemorningwithideasandinsightsthatapplytotheworkoftheday.___17___.Amajorreasonforinsomnia(失眠)isyourlyingawaketryingnottoforgettoremembereverythingthatyouhavetodothefollowingday.Scheduleyourtime.___18___Theveryactofusingyourorganizationalskillstoplanyourday,week,andmonth,givesyouagreaterfeelingofcontrolandwillhelpincreaseproductivitythroughoutyourday.You’llfeelinchargeofyourlife.Masteringyourtimeorganizationactuallyincreasesyourself-esteem(自尊).___19___StartEarly.Toincreaseproductivity,startyourdayearly.Themoretimeyoutaketosit,think,andplan,thebetterorganizedyouwillbeineveryareaofyourlife.Inthebiographiesandautobiographiesofsuccessfulmenandwomen,almostallofthemhaveonethingincommon.Theydevelopedgreatorganizationalskillsandthehabitofgoingtobedatareasonablehourandrisingearly.Manysuccessfulpeopleariseat5:00A．M.or5:30A．M.___20___Asaresult,theyarealwaysmoreeffectivethanthosewhosleepinuntilthelastpossiblemoment.A．Prepareinadvance.B．Itreducesstressandreleasesenergy.C．Increaseproductivitywithprimetime.D．Asaresult,itimprovesyoursenseofpersonalpower.E．Thentheycanhaveenoughtimetothinkandplanforthecomingday.F．Yourmostimportantworkrequiresthatyoubeatyourbest,andcreative.G．Amajorbenefitofdoingsoisthatthisexerciseletsyousleepmoresoundly.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Challenge-basedlearningisoftenfocusedonthechallengesthathaveglobalimpact.Thestudents,who_____21_____thechallenge,oftendon’tknowwhatthesolutionwillbe.Thefacilitatoriskeepingthemfrom_____22_____asolutiontooearly,andencouragestoanalyzethechallengefrommultiplepointsofview,andfromdifferentscientificperspectives,”saysVilmaSukacke,aresearcheratKaunasUniversityofTechnology(KTU),Lithuania.Suchalearningapproachisveryfittingtosustainabilityeducation,which,accordingtovariousscholars,_____23_____acontextual,problem-oriented,reflective,interdisciplinary(跨学科),collaborative,participatoryandempoweredlearningenvironment.Inotherwords,educatorshaveto_____24_____frommoretraditionalteacher-centrededucationtobecominginstructionaldesignersofstudent-centrededucation.Aimingtoevaluatethe_____25_____ofsuchapproaches,agroupofresearchersfromLithuanian,Danish,German,PortugueseandSpanishuniversitiesconductedasystematicliteraturereview,_____26_____thethreeactivelearningmethods,i.e..project,problemandchallenge-basedlearningaccordingtotheADDIE(analysis,design,development,implementation,andevaluation)framework._____27_____theeducatorsagreethatproblem-basedlearning(PBL),project-basedlearning(PJBL)and,morerecently,challenge-basedlearning(CBL)areefficientinteachingthestudentsto_____28_____technologyinreal-lifesituationsandimprovingtheirtransversal(横向)skills,suchasteamwork,communicationandconflictresolution,theapplicationofthesemethodsintheclassroommaybechallengingforbothsides.“Inmypractice,Ihavenoticedthatsometimesstudentsare_____29_____innovativelearningmethodsandareconsideringthemasasortofagame.Astheseclassesoftentakeplaceinaplayfullenvironment,fullofdifferentpencils,colorfulnotesandbuildingblocks,it’sdifficultforthestudentstotakethem_____30_____.Therefore,it’sveryimportantto_____31_____themethodsandthegoalstothelearnersveryclearly,”saysProfessorSaulePetronienefromKTUFacultyofSocialSciences,ArtsandHumanities,aco-authorofthestudy.Accordingtoher,tosuccessfullyapplyunconventionalteachingmethodsisachallengeforabeginningteacher.However,thiseffort_____32_____,especiallywhenstudentscontinuetheiractivitiesoutsideschoolandfocusonsolving_____33_____socialproblems.Rescarchersbelievethatthe_____34_____ofCBL,PJBL,andPBLrequiresaparadigm(范式)shift,whereorganization,staffandstudentschangetheirviewtoeducationandlearning.Inthisprocess,bothteachersandstudentsneedtoapplynewskillsand_____35_____rolesthattheymightnothaveneededbefore.21．A．allow B．introduce C．accept D．expect22．A．carryingon B．focusingon C．applyingfor D．inquiringabout23．A．caresabout B．tellsof C．turnsto D．callsfor24．A．shift B．differ C．suffer D．learn25．A．outcome B．efficiency C．impact D．value26．A．exploring B．applying C．modifying D．explaining27．A．Whether B．Aslongas C．Although D．Because28．A．develop B．include C．associate D．integrate29．A．approving B．questioning C．preventing D．adopting30．A．affectionately B．calmly C．seriously D．coolly31．A．transfer B．change C．communicate D．express32．A．paysoff B．goesaway C．givesoff D．breaksdown33．A．subjective B．real C．imaginary D．virtual34．A．combination B．organization C．realization D．cooperation35．A．takeon B．putaway C．sendfor D．dealwith第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Instrumentsareanecessarypartofmakingmusic,butwhatmusicsoundslikewillalsodependupon____36____(it)styleandrhythm.Musicisoftendivided____37____twomaingroups:classicalandpopular.Thesenamescanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople,andtheirmeaningscanchangeovertime.Popularmusiciswhatmanypeopleplayorlistentoforfun.Itcouldbefolk,country,popandrock,orjazz.Oftenthemusicstyle____38____(change)witheachnewgenerationofmusicians.Allovertheworldthereare____39____(talent)musicianswhoperformthisstyleofmusic____40____(earn)alivingorjustforfun.Abandofmusiciansusuallyplayacertainstyleofmusicthattheylike,____41____(create)asoundthatisspecialtothem.Classicalmusicis____42____(most)usedtodescribemoreformalmusic,oftenperformedinfrontofaseatedsilentaudience.Mostofthismusic____43____(write)alongtimeago.Classicalmusicisoftenplayedbyanorchestra(管弦乐队)in____44____musiciansplayeitherwoodwind,brass,orstringinstruments.Therearemanyfamousorchestrasthroughout_____45_____world,withmanycountrieshavingtheirownspecialones.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假设你是李华，你所在的学校将于下月举办“中国文化节”活动。请根据以下提示，写一封信邀请你校英国留学生Jacob届时参加。内容包括：1.活动目的;2.活动内容;3.期待参加。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJacob,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursSincerely,Li Hua第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。OutsidetheBoxTheHarvestfestcontestwasfallingonFridayandeveryoneinschoolwastalkingaboutit.Allthestudentswouldshowupintheirself-madecostumesandawinnerwouldbechosenbytheprincipal.“DoyouhaveyourcostumefortheHarvestfestcontest?”Aliceasked.“I’mgoingasachocolatebar.MymomandIhavebeenworkingonitallweek.”“Yeah,Ihaveacostume,”saidJordanEastman,poppingupthetwofrontwheelsofhiswheelchairashewaitedforhisdadtopickhimup.“Butit’sboring.”“Why?Whatisit?”Aliceasked.“MaxMagthesuperhero,butDanny,TomandIzzyareallgoingasMaxMagtoo.”Jordanshookhishead.“That’stoomanytostandachanceatwinningthecontest.”Hewavedtohisdad,whohadjustpulledupinfrontoftheschool.Jordanrolledhiswheelchairtowardhisdad,andAlicewalkedwithhimtotheminivan.“Maybeyoushouldgoassomethingelse.”“ThecontestisFridaynight.”Jordansighed.“It’stoolatetochangecostumes.”“Jordan,youhavetothinkoutsidethebox.Lookaroundyourhouseandseewhatyouhave.There’shiddenpotentialineverydayitems.”Shetookasipofherdrink,andtoldJordanthatherchocolate-barcostumewas