云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷

云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、第一部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解Successfulwildlifeconservationgoeshandinhandwithcommunityeducationandengagement.Volunteersworkwithcommunityleadersandschoolstosharetheirpassionforconservationandtheenvironment.RhinoConservationinZimbabweTheprojectishometoaninternationallyrenownedBlackRhinoBreedingandReleaseProgrammewhichhassupportedZimbabwe'srhinopopulationsincethemid1980s.Todate,20rhinoshavebeenbornattheconservancy,with12rhinossuccessfullyreleasedbackintothewild.Volunteersplayaroleinsecuringthefutureofthisonce-againendangeredanimal,workingalongsideanti-poachingrangers(反偷猎护林员),workingonrhinoresearchprojectsandgettinginvolvedinthedailycareofbothblackandwhiterhino.OurRhinoConservationProgrammeisauniquehands-onopportunitytogetbehindthescenesandexperienceday-to-daylifeonaprivateconservancy,andbeinvolvedwiththeprotectionandconservationofZimbabwe'sendangeredblackrhino.Theaimoftheprogrammeistoassistthereserve'sestablishedBlackRhinoBreedingandReleaseProgramme,collectmeaningfuldataandinformationrelatingtorhinoandwildlifeconservationandanimalbehaviour,andengagewiththelocalcommunityaboutwildlifeconservation.Cheetah(猎豹)ConservationIn2021,twocaptive-bornmalecheetahwereintroducedtotheconservancyaspartofaninternationalrewildingprogramme.Thecheetaharenowfree-wanderinginthereserve,andvolunteersplayanimportantroleinmonitoringandobservingtheirbehaviour,trackingtheirmovementsandrecordingtheirhuntingrate.VolunteerWorkVolunteerscontributetoalong-termconservationprojectandgetinvolvedwithavarietyofconservationactivities:·Workalongsiderhinos,cheetahandelephants·Conservancymanagement·Wildlifemonitoring·Anti-poachingpatrolsandsnaresweeps·Educateschool-childrenaboutconservation,wildlifeandtheenvironment·Learnaboutwhatisinvolvedinrunningaconservancy1．WhatcanwesayaboutBlackRhinoBreedingandReleaseProgramme?A．Itsworkpaysoff. B．ItislimitedtoZimbabwe.C．Itishometotwocheetah. D．Ithasahistoryof50years.2．Whatshouldberecordedaboutthecheetah?A．Theirbirthrate. B．Theirhuntingrate.C．Theirareaofactivity. D．Theirsleepschedule.3．Whoarelikelytoapplyforthevolunteerwork?A．ThosewholiveoutsideZimbabwe. B．Thosewhoprefertoworkathome.C．Thosewholikeengagingwithanimals. D．Thosewhowouldliketomakeafortune.阅读理解WhentrashsculptorStephanieHongomeetsfriendsfordrinksordinner,it'snotunusualforoneofthemtohandhershoppingbagsfulloflids,emptysoapbottles,andevenaBarbielegortwo.Bynow,she'susedtoneighbors,friendsandevenstrangersgivinghertheirrecyclablerejects.ButHongodoesn'tneedanymoregarbage.Shehasalargecollectionofherownathome."Youdon'tneedtobeatrashpickertodothis,"shesays."Trashiseverywhere."AndforHongo,wherethereistrash,thereisart.Since2017,Hongohascraftedcomplexseacreatures,realistic-lookingjungleanimalsandothercreaturesoutofeverythingfromplasticforkstoplastictubingaswellasahairdryer,apurse,atoothbrush,andevenahairstraightener.Startingwithherfirstpiece—abluedeernamedYandoothatshefashionedoutofoddsandendslayingaroundherflat,whichshescrewedtogetherandspraypaintedinamakeshiftbasementartstudio—she'sgoneontocreatemorethan160trashsculptures."Ifeelveryfortunate,"saysHongo,wholovesmakingalivingasanartist."Icareaboutourenvironment.Theupcyclingaspectofitisalovelybyproduct."Thoughshedoesn'tconsiderherselfatrueeco-artist,shehopesshe'sinspiringotherstoreuseitemsthatusuallyendupinlandfills.Butforher,shesays,"Theartcomesfirst."Beforestartingeachproject,Hongofiguresoutexactlywhatpiecesofscrap(废旧的)metal,tubingandplasticsshe'llneedtotransformthepileofjunkonherworktableintosomethingfantastic,likeamajesticoctopus(章鱼)rocketingthroughthecoraloracutekoalahuggingatree.Sinceherfunkycreationssellonlineatpricesstartingat$400,she'sbeenfortunateenoughtomaketrashsculptingherfull-timecareer."It'ssomuchmorethanIeverexpected,"shesays.4．WhydoesHongosay"Youdon'tneedtobeatrashpickertodothis"?A．Becauseitishardtopicktrash. B．Becausethereistrasheverywhere.C．Becauseherfriendsgiveherenough. D．Becauseshehasalargecollectionoftrash.5．WhatdoesHongoexpectotherstolearnfromherartform?A．Toenjoyart. B．Tocollecttrash.C．Totrashsculptures. D．Torecyclewaste.6．WhatdoesHongodobeforestartingeachproject?A．Findenoughfantasticshapestocopy. B．Putawaythethingsonherworks.C．Makeoutwhatmaterialssuitherworks. D．Figureoutwhatherpileofjunkismadeof.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHongo?A．Creativeandinspiring. B．Diligentandpractical.C．Helpfulandgenerous. D．Humorousanddetermined.阅读理解Withafragrance(芳香)throughthebedroomsofolderadultsfortwohourseverynightforsixmonths,memoriesskyrocketed.ParticipantsinthisstudybyUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine(UCI)neuroscientistsgaineda226%increaseincognitivecapacitycomparedtothecontrolgroup.Theresearcherssaythefindingtransformsthelong-knowntiebetweensmellandmemoryintoaneasy,non-invasivetechniqueforstrengtheningmemoryandpotentiallypreventingdementia(痴呆).TheprojectwasconductedthroughtheUCICenterfortheNeurobiologyofLearning&Memory.Itinvolvedmenandwomenaged60to85withoutmemoryimpairment.Allweregivensevensmallcontainers,eachcontainingasingleanddifferentnaturaloil.Peopleintheenrichedgroupreceivedfull-strengthoils.Controlgroupparticipantsweregiventheoilsintinyamounts.Participantsputadifferentcontainerintotheirroomeacheveningpriortogoingtobed,anditactivatedfortwohoursastheyslept.Peopleintheenrichedgroupshoweda226%increaseincognitiveperformancecomparedtothecontrolgroup,asmeasuredbyawordlisttestcommonlyusedtoevaluatememory.Participantsalsoreportedsleepingmoresoundly.Theresearcherssaytheresultsfromtheirstudybearoutwhatscientistslearnedabouttheconnectionbetweensmellandmemory.Scientistshavelongknownthatthelossofabilitytosmell,canpredictdevelopmentofnearly70neurologicalandpsychiatricdiseases.TheseincludeAlzheimer'sandotherdementias,Parkinson'sandalcoholism.Researchershavepreviouslyfoundthatexposingpeoplewithmoderatedementiatoupto40differentsmellstwiceadayoveraperiodoftimeimprovedtheirmemoriesandlanguageskills,easeddepressionandimprovedtheirsenseofsmell.Theteamwouldnextliketostudythetechnique'simpactonpeoplewithdiagnosedcognitiveloss.Aproductbasedontheirstudyanddesignedforpeopletouseathomeisexpectedtocomeontothemarketthisfall.8．Whatfieldmaythefindingsbeappliedto?A．Controllingsleep. B．Exploringsmells.C．Developingskills. D．Promotingmemory.9．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Researchresults. B．Researchprocess.C．Researchmethods. D．Researchpurpose.10．Howdidresearchersassesstheperformanceoftheparticipants?A．Bygivingtheparticipantsatest. B．Byscanningtheparticipants'brain.C．Byobservingtheparticipants'actions. D．Byaskingabouttheparticipants'feeling.11．Whatwilltheresearchersfocusoninfuture?A．Developingasmellproduct. B．Theimpactofcognitiveloss.C．Applicationofresearchresults. D．Doingmarketresearchfortheirproduct.阅读理解Researchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,adevelopmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster.UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving.Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobilecamerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(时间的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon'tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity."Ifwecollectandprocessmorehigh-resolution(高清的)spatialinformationaboutwhat'shappeningontheroads,thenplannerscouldbetterunderstandchangesindemand,effectivelyimprovingefficiencyinthebroadertransportationsystem,"saidKeithRedmill,leadauthorofthestudy."Ifwecanmeasuretrafficinawaythatisasgoodorbetterthanwhatisconventionallydonewithfixedsensors,thenwewillhavecreatedsomethingincrediblyusefulextremelycheaply,"hesaid."Ourgoalistostartbuildingasystemthatcoulddothiswithoutmuchmanualinterventionbecauseifyouwanttocollectthisinformationoverlotsofpotentialvehiclesandlotsoftime,it'sworthfullyautomatingthatprocess."Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(实施),thestudysuggeststhesystem'sresultsbearpromiseforthefutureofintelligenttrafficsurveillance.Transportationplanners,engineersandoperatorsmakevitaldecisionsaboutthefutureofourroadways,sowhendesigningtransportationsystemstoworkoverthenext30to50years,it'snecessarythatwegivethemdatathatallowsthemtoimprovetheefficiencyofthesystemandthelevelofserviceprovidedtotravelers.12．Howcancamerasonbusesbenefittravelers?A．Byshorteningtheirtraveltime. B．Bymakingtheirschedulestight.C．Bydecreasingtheirtransportcost. D．Byimprovingtheirsafetyawareness.13．Whatcanweknowaboutthesensorsplacedonbuses?A．Theyprovidemorespatialcoverage. B．Theycan'tdetectobjectsintheroad.C．Theycoverlessviewoftheurbantraffic. D．Theyaccuratelyrecordtheflowoftraffic.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"surveillance"inparagraph6mean?A．Operation. B．Arrangement. C．Protection. D．Monitoring.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TransportationautomationisonitswayB．ItistimetoimprovetheefficiencyoftrafficsystemC．CamerasinstalledonbusescanbettermeasuretrafficD．Transportationplannersusecamerastomakepolicies二、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourguidetoano-spendchallengeAno-spendchallengeisn'tabouttotaldeprivation(剥夺)orfreezingyourbankaccount.16．.Themostcommonformofthechallengeistopurchaseonlynecessitiesandrestrainfrombuyingwantsandimpulsedesires.AssessingandprioritisingneedsBeforedelving(深入探究)intotheno-spendchallenge,takethetimetoassessanddifferentiateyouressentialneedsfromyourwants.Identifyrecurringbills,necessaryexpendituresandessentialitems.Distinguishthemfromfreespendingonnon-essentialproductsandservices.Thisinitialsteplaysthefoundationforarealisticandsustainablechallenge.17．.CreatingarealisticbudgetAsuccessfulno-spendchallengeisrootedinthedevelopmentofawell-craftedbudgetthatreflectsyourfinancialreality.18．.Allocatespecificamountsforvariableexpensessuchasgroceriesandbills,enhancingaccountabilityandprovidingaclearroadmapforresponsiblespendingduringthechallenge.Supportsystem19．.Afirmsupportsystemthatunderstandsandrespectsyourfinancialgoalscreatesapositiveenvironment,fosteringmotivationandsolidarity.Sharetips,experiencesandcelebratemilestonestogether,turningthechallengeintoasharedjourneytowardsfinancialconsciousness.20．Asyourchallengeconcludes,takeenoughtimetoreflectontheentireexperience.Whatinsightsdidyougainintoyourspendinghabitsandpriorities?Identifypositivechangesyouwanttomaintainandintegratethemintoyourlong-termfinancialstrategy.Theno-spendchallengeisnotmerelyatemporaryexercise;itservesasacatalystforenduringfinancialwellness.Embracethejourney,learnfromtheexperienceandwatchasyourfinancialgoalstransformintorealities.A.Establishinglong-termhabitsB.Understandingtheno-spendchallengeC.ItensuresthatcrucialaspectsofyourliferemainunaffectedD.Beginbyoutliningyourincome,fixedexpensesandanyupcomingfinancialgoalsE.Shareyourcommitmentwithfriendsandfamily,encouragingthemtosupportyoureffortF.Theno-spendchallengeservesasanopportunemomenttocultivatemindfulspendinghabitsG.Itrepresentsaconsciousdecisiontoredirectyourfinancialfocusandcontrolyourspendinghabits三、第二部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasonmywaytogotoajobinterviewwhenIwasstoppedbyOfficerJenkins.WhenI21．,bothofthebrakelightswentout.ThinkingthatIwasstoppedfora(n)22．trafficcheck,Ireachedformydrivinglicenseandregistration.Iwasevenreadyfora(n)23．.Ashe24．thecarandsawIwaspullingoutmystuff,he25．said,"Don'tworryaboutpullinganythingout.Ijustwantyoutobe26．thatyourbrakelightsareout."Iwasimmediately27．becauseIhadjustgotthemreplacedlastmonth.Iexplainedtohimhowthegaragemechanicwantedto28．me$600justtorunatestonthewiringofthecar.Helookedatmewitha29．andtoldmetopopthetrunk.Withasimpletaphereandatapthere,Jenkinsmanagedtogetthebrakelights30．again.Iwasmovedbyhis31．.Hecouldhaveeasilygivenmeaticket,buthesteppedoutof32．roleandintomechanicroletomakesureIwasstraight.Hisactionremindedmeoftheprofoundimpacta33．actofkindnesscanhave.It'sacalltorecognizethosewhogothe34．mile,whodomorethanwhat's35．ofthem.21．A．pushedforward B．pulledoverC．counteddown D．chokedup22．A．routine B．legal C．criminal D．urgent23．A．quarrel B．eruption C．ticket D．excuse24．A．tackled B．suspended C．inspected D．approached25．A．immediately B．awfully C．subsequently D．deliberately26．A．informed B．aware C．inferred D．sure27．A．thrilled B．delighted C．upset D．panicky28．A．charge B．pay C．fine D．award29．A．style B．flash C．smile D．symbol30．A．contracting B．competing C．cooperating D．working31．A．generosity B．kindness C．guidance D．discovery32．A．engineer B．designer C．officer D．citizen33．A．fluent B．challenging C．suitable D．small34．A．extra B．ideal C．amazing D．hard35．A．convinced B．required C．reminded D．expected四、第二部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AcollectionoftombsdatingfromtheHanDynastytotheSixDynastiesperiodwerediscoveredinWulongDistrictofSouthwestChina'sChongqing.Thetombdatingback36．theWesternHanDynastywasthemostimportantamongthem,andmorethan600precious37．(culture)relicssuchaslacquerware(漆器),woodware,bambooware,potteryandbronzewarewereunearthedfromit.Dueto38．(fill)withwater,thetombremainedundisturbedandunharmed,andthefuneraryobjectswerewell-preserved.Whatisexcitingaboutthis39．(discover)isnotjustthelargenumberofunearthedartifactsbutalsothelistofburialitemsthatindicateapreciserecordofburial,40．hasbeenverifiedas193BC,41．(provide)clarityonthetomb'sdate.Apieceofunearthedjadewareshowstheimportantpositionofthetombowner.Thelistofburialitemsfoundinthetombiscompleteand42．(clear)recordsthename,quantityandsizeofthefuneraryobjects.Thetomb43．(contain)thelargestquantityoflacqueredwoodandbamboowareeverfoundatonetimeintheupper44．(reach)oftheYangtzeRiver.Basedonpubliclyavailableinformation,itisalsotheearliesttomboftheWesternHanDynastyfoundinChinawith45．clearrecordedyear.五、第三部分，写作，第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，是校书法社的负责人，你得知你的交换生同学Amy对书法很感兴趣。请你给她发一封电子邮件，邀请她加入书法社，内容包括：1.介绍书法社的情况；2.发出邀请；3.期待回复。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAmy,Howiseverythinggoing?……Yours,LiHua六、第三部分，写作，第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AsTheJungleBooksongBearNecessitiesgoes,"forgetaboutyourworriesandyourconflict"canbealittlebitdifficultwhenyoufindyourselffacetofacewitharealbear.BearsarecommonintheNorthernHemisphere.Ashumanhabitatsstretchtowardthewilderness,moreandmoreanimalscrosstheirpathswiththoseofhumans.Thiscanleadtodangerousencountersespeciallywhenprecautionsarenotinplace.Inthesesituations,keepingyourdistanceisstillthebestadvice.AccordingtotheNationalParkService,oneshouldalsoremaincalmasbears,moreoftenthannot,arenotreallywillingtoattackyou.Onceinastandoff(对峙),avoidmakingsuddenmovesorloudnoisesasthesecantriggeraggression.7-year-oldHuxleydidexactlywhathewastoldwhenheencounteredamassivebear.ItwasaSunnymorning.Huxleywaswanderingonhiswayhomewhenabighulking(笨重的)figureemergesfrombehindhim.Ahurriedglancebackward,heknewitwasablackbear.Thebearapproachedcautiouslyatfirst,probablysizingupthefigureinfrontofhim.Asecondlater,perhapsjudgingthatHuxleywasnomatchforit,thebearburstintoafullsprint(冲刺)andranitswaytowardtheboy.Atfirst,Huxleywasreallyfrightened.However,heknewitwasimpossibletorunorfightwiththebigbeast.Inthemomentofcrisis,herememberedhismotherremindshimregularlyaboutthesepossibleencounters.ShetellshimthatifHuxleyfindshimselffacetofacewithabearandtherearenoadultsaround,heshouldremaincalm.Huxleycalmeddownatthinkingofthis.Hestaredatthebeardownwithoutanymovement.Thismighthavebeenthereasonwhytheyoungbearstoppeddeadinitstracks.Theyfacedeachothermotionless,andtherewasonlyafootdistancebetweenthem.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Fromaroundthecorner,aneighborhurriedlywalkedtothescene.……Theneighborcontinuedtopressurethebearwhiletheanimaltrieditsbesttofindanescaperoute.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了两个保护野生动物的志愿项目及他们对志愿者的要求。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查推理判断。根据RhinoConservationinZimbabwe部分中的"Todate,20rhinoshavebeenbornattheconservancy,with12rhinossuccessfullyreleasedbackintothewild."迄今为止，已有20头犀牛在保护区出生，其中12头犀牛成功放归野外。可知，黑犀牛繁殖和放生项目的工作取得了成效。故选A。2．考查细节理解。根据CheetahConservation部分中的"Thecheetaharenowfree-wanderinginthereserve,andvolunteersplayanimportantroleinmonitoringandobservingtheirbehaviour,trackingtheirmovementsandrecordingtheirhuntingrate."猎豹现在可以在保护区自由漫步，志愿者在监测和观察它们的行为、追踪它们的行动和记录它们的狩猎速度方面发挥着重要作用。可知，猎豹的狩猎速度应该被记录。故选B。3．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Successfulwildlifeconservationgoeshandinhandwithcommunityeducationandengagement.Volunteersworkwithcommunityleadersandschoolstosharetheirpassionforconservationandtheenvironment."成功的野生动物保护与社区教育和参与密不可分。志愿者与社区领导人和学校合作，分享他们对保护和环境的热情。可知，文章主要介绍的两个志愿者活动是围绕野生动物保护展开的，所以喜欢与动物打交道的人可能会申请该志愿者活动。故选C。【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了艺术家StephanieHongo将垃圾变成雕塑作品，从而激发人们回收利用垃圾的意识。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"‘Youdon'tneedtobeatrashpickertodothis,'shesays.‘Trashiseverywhere.'"她说："你不需要成为一个捡垃圾的人。垃圾无处不在"可知，你不需要成为一个捡垃圾的人，因为到处都是垃圾。故选B。5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Thoughshedoesn'tconsiderherselfatrueeco-artist,shehopesshe'sinspiringotherstoreuseitemsthatusuallyendupinlandfills."尽管她不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但她希望自己能激励其他人重新使用通常会被填埋的物品。可知，Hongo希望其他人能从她的艺术形式中学习回收利用垃圾。故选D。6．考查细节理解。根据第五段"Beforestartingeachproject,Hongofiguresoutexactlywhatpiecesofscrap(废旧的)metal,tubingandplasticsshe'llneedtotransformthepileofjunkonherworktableintosomethingfantastic,likeamajesticoctopus(章鱼)rocketingthroughthecoraloracutekoalahuggingatree."在开始每个项目之前，Hongo都会准确地计算出她需要什么样的废金属、管材和塑料片，才能把工作台上的一堆垃圾变成奇妙的东西，比如一只雄伟的章鱼在珊瑚中飞驰，或者一只可爱的考拉拥抱在树上。可知，Hongo在开始每一个项目之前都要弄清楚哪些材料适合她的作品。故选C。7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"AndforHongo,wherethereistrash,thereisart.Since2017,Hongohascraftedcomplexseacreatures,realistic-lookingjungleanimalsandothercreaturesoutofeverythingfromplasticforkstoplastictubingaswellasahairdryer,apurse,atoothbrush,andevenahairstraightener."对Hongo来说，有垃圾的地方就有艺术。自2017年以来，Hongo用各种材料从塑料叉到塑料管，还有吹风机、钱包、牙刷，甚至直发器制作了复杂的海洋生物、逼真的丛林动物和其他生物；以及第四段中的"Thoughshedoesn'tconsiderherselfatrueeco-artist,shehopesshe'sinspiringotherstoreuseitemsthatusuallyendupinlandfills."尽管她不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但她希望自己能激励其他人重新使用通常会被填埋的物品。可知，Hongo用废品制造出各种雕塑，并希望激励人们学会循环利用，故她是一个有创造力和鼓舞人心的人。故选A。【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了加州大学尔湾分校神经科学家进行了一项为期六个月的研究发现，老年人的卧室里每晚持续两个小时的香味，老人的记忆激增。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Theresearcherssaythefindingtransformsthelong-knowntiebetweensmellandmemoryintoaneasy,non-invasivetechniqueforstrengtheningmemoryandpotentiallypreventingdementia."研究人员表示，这一发现将嗅觉和记忆之间长期存在的联系转化为一种简单、无创的技术，可以增强记忆，并有可能预防痴呆症。可知，该发现可能用于改善记忆力的领域。故选D。9．考查段落大意。根据第二段"TheprojectwasconductedthroughtheUCICenterfortheNeurobiologyofLearning&Memory.Itinvolvedmenandwomenaged60to85withoutmemoryimpairment.Allweregivensevensmallcontainers,eachcontainingasingleanddifferentnaturaloil.Peopleintheenrichedgroupreceivedfull-strengthoils.Controlgroupparticipantsweregiventheoilsintinyamounts.Participantsputadifferentcontainerintotheirroomeacheveningpriortogoingtobed,anditactivatedfortwohoursastheyslept."该项目是通过UCI学习与记忆神经生物学中心进行的。研究对象为年龄在60至85岁之间且无记忆障碍的男性和女性。所有人都得到了七个小容器，每个容器都装有一种不同的天然油。强化组的人接受了全强度油。对照组的参与者服用了少量的精油。参与者每天晚上睡觉前把一个不同的容器放进房间，在他们睡觉的时候它会激活两个小时。可知第二段主要介绍了的是研究是怎样进行的，即研究过程。故选B。10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Peopleintheenrichedgroupshoweda226%increaseincognitiveperformancecomparedtothecontrolgroup,asmeasuredbyawordlisttestcommonlyusedtoevaluatememory."通过常用于评估记忆的单词表测试，与对照组相比，强化组的人的认知能力提高了226%。可知，研究人员通过给予参与者单词表测试来评估参与者的表现。故选A。11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Theteamwouldnextliketostudythetechnique'simpactonpeoplewithdiagnosedcognitiveloss.Aproductbasedontheirstudyanddesignedforpeopletouseathomeisexpectedtocomeontothemarketthisfall."该团队接下来想研究这项技术对被诊断为认知障碍的人的影响。根据他们的研究，一种专为人们在家使用而设计的产品预计将于今年秋天上市。可知，他们研究的新产品将要上市，故研究人员未来将关注研究成果的应用。故选C。【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Researchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,adevelopmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster."研究人员提出了一种计算和跟踪公共道路上车辆的新方法，这一发展可以改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。可知，研究人员提出的是一种新的方法即在巴士上的摄像头能够帮助旅行者更快的到达目的地，即缩短出行时间。故选A。13．考查推理判断。根据第三段"Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobilecamerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(时间的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon'tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity."在之前的研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员发现，使用这些移动摄像头可以提供更好的空间和时间覆盖，而不是依赖于通常临时放置的传感器，这些传感器不能提供城市中许多街道和道路的视图。可知，安装在公交车上的传感器不能提供城市中许多道路和街道的视图。可推知，它们对城市交通的覆盖较少。故选C。14．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving"俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆；以及"Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(实施),thestudysuggeststhesystem'sresultsbearpromiseforthefuture..."虽然距离全面实施还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来充满希望…...。可知，安装在公交车上的摄像头能够自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆，虽然距离全面实施这项技术还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来的交通监控室充满希望的。可推知划线词surveillance是"监控"为同义词。故选B。15．考查标题归纳。根据第二段"UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving."俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)"以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。可推知"安装在公交车上的摄像头可以更好地测量交通状况"概括文章主要内容，适合作文章标题。故选D。【答案】16．G；17．C；18．D；19．E；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些理财技巧和建议。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Ano-spendchallengeisn'tabouttotaldeprivation(剥夺)orfreezingyourbankaccount."不花钱的挑战并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户。提到了不花钱并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户，因此本句是在解释不花钱的正确概念。G.Itrepresentsaconsciousdecisiontoredirectyourfinancialfocusandcontrolyourspendinghabits"它代表了一个有意识的决定，重新调整你的财务重点，控制你的消费习惯"符合语境，故选G。17．根据空前"Identifyrecurringbills,necessaryexpendituresandessentialitems.Distinguishthemfromfreespendingonnon-essentialproductsandservices.Thisinitialsteplaysthefoundationforarealisticandsustainablechallenge."确定经常性账单、必要支出和基本项目。将它们与在非必要产品和服务上的随意支出区分开来。这一初步步骤为现实和可持续的挑战奠定了基础。可知，上文提到把经常性账单、必要支出和基本项目与非必要支出区分开来，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明这么做的好处，C.Itensuresthatcrucialaspectsofyourliferemainunaffected"它确保你生活的关键方面不受影响"符合语境，故选C。18．根据空前"Asuccessfulno-spendchallengeisrootedinthedevelopmentofawell-craftedbudgetthatreflectsyourfinancialreality."一个成功的不花钱的挑战根植于一个精心制作的预算的发展，这个预算反映了你的财务现实；以及空后"Allocatespecificamountsforvariableexpensessuchasgroceriesandbills,enhancingaccountabilityandprovidingaclearroadmapforresponsiblespendingduringthechallenge."为杂货和账单等可变支出分配具体金额，加强问责制，并在挑战期间为负责任的支出提供清晰的路线图。可知，上文建议做预算，后文提到了后续做法，可知本句是在说明做预算的第一步，D.Beginbyoutliningyourincome,fixedexpensesandanyupcomingfinancialgoals"首先列出你的收入、固定支出和任何即将到来的财务目标"符合语境，故选D。19．根据空后"Afirmsupportsystemthatunderstandsandrespectsyourfinancialgoalscreatesapositiveenvironment,fosteringmotivationandsolidarity."一个坚定的支持系统，理解和尊重你的财务目标，创造一个积极的环境，培养动力和团结。提到了支持系统的重要性，可知本句是在说明培养支持系统所需要的条件。E.Shareyourcommitmentwithfriendsandfamily,encouragingthemtosupportyoureffort"与朋友和家人分享你的承诺，鼓励他们支持你的努力"符合语境，故选E。20．根据空后"Identifypositivechangesyouwanttomaintainandintegratethemintoyourl