吉林省长春市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联合模拟考试英语科试题

吉林省长春市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末联合模拟考试英语科试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解Typing.comisanonlinetypingtutorforstudentsofallages.Typing.com'sprovencurriculumhelpsstudentsfrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners,focusingontechnique,accuracy,andspeed.Thefollowingaresomefrequentlyaskedquestionsabouttypingonourwebsite.Howlongdoesittaketotypewithoutlookingatthekeyboard?Anaveragestudentwithoutlearningdifferenceswilllearntotouchtypewithineighttotenhours.Theymaybetouchtypingataveryslowspeed(8-15wordsperminute).Isitbadtolookatthekeyboardwhentyping?Yes.Notonlydoesitpreventyoufrompracticingyourfingering,butitalsoslowsyoudownandmakesyoutypelessaccurately.It'sfarmoredifficulttonoticemistakeswhenyou'renotlookingatthescreen.Howdoyougetfasterattyping?Themostimportanttechniquetolearntotypefasteristouchtyping.Thisisatechniquebasedondevelopingmusclememoryforyourfingers.HowcanIlearntotypecorrectly?Focusonaccuracyratherthanspeed.Usetheentirekeyboardcorrectly.Leamsomekeyboardshortcuts.Practiceeveryday.HowdoIincreasemytypingspeed?Arrangeyourfingersproperly.Themostimportantstepinimprovingyourtypingspeedisensuringthatyouplaceyourfingerscorrectlyonthekeyboard.Resttheindexfinger(食指)ofyourlefthandonthe"F"keyandtheindexfingerofyourrighthandonthe"J"key.Istyping.comfree?Typing.comisafreeonlinetypingtutoranddigitalliteracy(读写能力)platformusedbymillionsofstudentsandeducationprofessionalsaroundtheworld.Weaimtoprovidevaluablelearningtoolstoasmanyschoolteachersandstudentsaspossible.1．WhatdoweknowaboutTyping.com?A．Itchargesverylittle.B．Itissuitableforeverystudent.C．Ithelpstoimprovewritingskills.D．Itcanautomaticallycorrecttypingerrors.2．WhomightbeinterestedinTyping.com?A．Managers. B．Salesmen. C．Athletes. D．Teachers.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Topromoteatypingwebsite. B．Tosharetypingexperience.C．Tocorrecttypingmistakes. D．Toteachtypingskills.阅读理解MaryDickinshadbeenamemberoftheaudienceatpoetrynightsbeforeandknew"thepoetryclap".Shemadeapolitetappingoffingers.Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,"Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore."Theaudiencestampedtheirfeetandshookshakers."Itfelttransformative.Ithought,‘I'vegottohavemoreofthis,'"Dickinssaid.Becomingaperformancepoethasgivenheraplaceonastageofherownmaking.Allherlifeshehaswritten,mostlywithoutbeingseenorheard.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasnine,and,aftershewentintoacarehomeat13,Dickins'writingstayedinnotebooks.Really,shesays,alotofheradultlifehasbeenaboutgettingoverchildhoodshyness.Atuniversity—shestudiededucation—shemetherhusbandof40years,butinthreeyearsofseminarsshedidnotsayaword.Someofthisresultsfromheryearsatthechildren'shome.Shesays,"Itgavemeasenseofwhatit'sliketobeexcluded.Ineverfittedinanywhere."Aftershegraduated,shediscoveredthatshelovedworkingwithpeoplewithlearningdisabilities.Shebecameanexpertininclusiveeducation."Thatwasmyniche(称心的职业),"shesays.ShepublishedbooksandreturnedtotheUniversityofNorthLondonasaseniorlecturerinearlychildhoodstudies.Dickinsnowseesthatinadulthoodshehasbeengivingherselfpermissiontobesilly."ThesillierIallowmyselftobe,thebetterthewritingis,"shesays.Herobservationsarehumorous."Puttingthingsintowordsandgivingshapetoyouremotionsisanimportantpartofcomingtotermswiththethingsthathappeninlife,"shesays.Doesshestillfeellikeanoutsider?"IthinkI'vemadeitintoavirtue.IcelebratethefactthatIdon'tfitintoabox.Finally!Youhavetowaittillyou're62tofeelconfident!"shesays."ButIhaveasenseofwhoIamandI'mproudofit.Iwouldn'tbeanyoneelsenow—andittookmealongtimetosaythat."4．HowdidDickinsfeelaboutherdebut?A．Calm. B．Awkward. C．Stressed. D．Encouraged.5．WhatledtoDickins'lackofasenseofbelonging?A．Herimmaturewritingstyle.B．Herexperienceatthecarehome.C．Herstrugglewithheruniversitystudies.D．Herdifficultrelationshipwithherhusband.6．HowdoeswritingbenefitDickins?A．Itmakesherlandagoodjob.B．Itsharpenshersenseofhumor.C．Itenableshertogetonwellwithherlife.D．Ithelpsherovercomeherlearningdisabilities.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MaryDickins'NewStartafter60B．MaryDickins'FirstPerformanceC．MaryDickins'TroubledWritingCareerD．MaryDickins'ImpactonPerformancePoets阅读理解Anewstudyreportsthatamosquito'ssenseofsmellismorecomplicatedthanweoncethought.Anditmayexplainwhythisannoyinginsectissogoodatseekingyououtatabarbecueorinyourbedroomandbitingyou—aswellasleadtonewstrategiestopreventthepotentiallydeadlydiseasestransmittedbyitsbite.MegYounger,aneuroscientistatBostonUniversity,isco-authorofthestudy.Sheexhales(呼气)gentlyintooneofthemosquito-filledcages.Awaftofcarbondioxideblowsacrosstheinsects,andtheygowild."Andnow,they'relookingforatargetlikethecomplexmixtureofhumanbodysmell—asmellthat'sattractivetothemosquitoes,"Youngerexplains.Inmanypartsoftheworld,thisattractionisn'tmerelyanannoyanceforhumans.It'samajorhealthproblem.Mosquitoestransmitdiseasestohumans.Thesediseasesincludedengue,Zika,chikungunyafeverandmalaria.Thelastdiseasealonecausesoverhalfamilliondeathseachyear.Soscientistshaveattemptedtobreakthisattraction.Buttryastheymight,thelittlemosquitohasresisted."They'rereallygoodatwhattheydo,"Youngersays.Mostofwhatweknowabouttheneuroscienceofsmellcomesfrommiceandfruitflies,wherethewiringisfairlysimple.Eachneuron(神经元)inthenosehasonekindofreceptor(感受器)thatdetectsasinglekindofsmell—say,abanana.Andalltheneuronswithreceptorsforthebananasmellconnecttothesamepartofthebrain.Youngerandtheothersstudiedmosquitobrains,whereshefoundthateachneuronhasmultiplereceptorsthatcandetectmultiplesmells.Thisworkcouldgiveresearchersadditionalwaystobattletheinsectslikedevelopingtrapsthatcontainnewsmellmixturesthataremoreappealingthanpeople."It'sanenormousstudy,"saysJosefinadelMarmol,aneurobiologistattheHarvardMedicalSchool.Shesaysthere'smoreworktobedonetocheck.neuronbyneuron,thateachoneactuallyrespondstoallthesmellsithasreceptorsfor.Butregardingthecentralfinding,shesays,"Itreallydoeschangealotaboutwhatweknowofhowinsectsperceivetheworld."8．WhydoesYoungerexhaleintoamosquito-filledcage?A．Tokeeptargetedmosquitoesalive.B．Toconfusetheexperimentedmosquitoes.C．Toexperimentonmosquitoes'senseofsmell.D．Toseeifbreathcontributestodiseasetransmission.9．Howdomosquitoesdifferfromfruitflies?A．Theyhaveaclearersmellmechanism.B．Theyhavemoreneuronstodetectsmells.C．Theyhavebiggerbrainpartsfocusingonsmell.D．Theyhavemoresmellreceptorsineachneuron.10．Whatisthesignificanceofthestudy?A．Itmayhavefoundanidealwaytostudyinsects.B．Itinspiresnewmethodstopreventmosquitobites.C．Itprovesthepreviousassumptionaboutmosquitoes.D．Itshedslightonhowmosquitoestransmitdiseases.11．WhatdoesJosefinadelMarmolthinkoftheresearchfinding?A．Itisabigstepforward. B．Ithasmanyweaknesses.C．Itisfarfromimpressive. D．Ithasaworldwideinfluence.阅读理解"Fewarticleschangeownersmorefrequentlythanclothes.Theytraveldownwardsfromgradetogradeinthesocialscalewithremarkableregularity,"wrotethejournalistAdolpheSmithin1877ashetracedacoat'sjourneyinthelastcentury:cleaned,repairedandresoldrepeatedly;cutdownintoasmalleritem;eventuallyrecycledintonewfabric.Butwiththeimprovementinpeople'slivingstandards,thatmodelismind-bogglingintheeraoffastfashion.TheaverageBritishcustomerbuysfouritemsamonth.Anditisreportedthat350,000tonnesofusedbutstillwearableclothesgotolandfillsintheUKeachyear.Yetthegradualrevivalofthesecond-handtradehasgatheredpaceinthepastfewyears.AtfashionwebsiteAsos,salesofvintageclothes(古董衫)haverisenby92%.Clothingwasoncewornoutofnecessity,andnowitissimplyawayoflife.BusyfamiliesselluseditemsoneBay,teenagerstradeonDepopandsomefashionpeopleofferdesignerlabelsonVestiaireCollective.Strikingly,ithasbecomebigenoughbusinessthatmainstreamretailers(零售商)wantasliceoftheaction.Forsomebuyersandsellers,theswitchtothesecond-handisbornoffinancialdifficulties.Onlyafewhavebecomeworriedabouttheimpactoftheirshoppinghabitontheplanet.Buttheshiftisonlyapartialsolution.Somepeopleworrythatsomemainstreambrandsmay"greenwash"—usingsecond-handgoodstoimprovetheirimage,ratherthanengagingmoreseriouslywithsustainability.However,thebiggestconcernmaybethatpeoplekeepbuyingbecausetheyknowtheycanresellgoods,stillchasingthepleasureofthenextpurchasebutwithaneasedconscience(愧疚).Boohoo,apowerfulfastfashioncompany,hasseensalesandprofitsrise,despiteconcernsaboutenvironmentalproblemsinitssupplychainthatledtoaninvestigationlastyear.AnewNetflixseries,WornStories,documentstheemotionalmeaningsthatclothescanhave:Eacholditemisfullofmemories.Actually,ahandbagfromagrandmotherandascarfpassedonbyafatherarebothvaluableforus.Aloveofstyleisnotabadoranunimportantthing.Butacommittedrelationshipisbetterthanaquickflash.Canwelearntoappreciateourownoldclothesaswellasothers'?12．Whatdoestheword"mind-boggling"underlinedinparagraph1probablymean?A．Unbelievable. B．Popular. C．Reasonable. D．Influential.13．Withthebusinessmentionedinparagraph2,theauthorwantstoshow____.A．oldclothesaremorepopularthannewpiecesB．theonlinesecond-handmarketsareboomingC．thefashionworldbeginstofavorvintageclothesD．manyclothingbrandsareinnovativeintheirnewproducts14．Howdoesthesecond-handtradeimpactpeopleaccordingtoparagraph4?A．Itmakespeoplefeelfreetopursuefastfashion.B．Itmakespeoplemorecautiousabouttheirbudgets.C．Itencouragespeopletochooseeco-friendlyclothes.D．Itpushespeopletobemoreengagedwithsustainability.15．WhichofthefollowingviewsdoesWornStoriesadvocate?A．Olditemshavelostfavorwiththepublic.B．Olditemsareworthyofbeinglongcherished.C．Oldergenerationsattachgreatimportancetoolditems.D．Oldergenerationscareaboutthequalityoftheirclothes.二、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中两项为多余选项。HowtomastertrickyconversationsatworkManyofusstruggletosaywhatweneedtoatwork.Whetherit'saskingforapayriseorfacingaco-workerovertheirbehaviour,theseconversationscanbedifficulttohavewithouttheotherpersongettingangry.16．.Here'smytipsonhowtotackleyournextdifficultconversation.PlanFirst,youneedtoplanwhatyou'regoingtosay.17．.Writedownwhatyouwantoutoftheconversationandbeclearonwhatyouwanttohappenasaresult.Forexample,youmaydecide:"Iwanttogetanagreementondeadlinesforthisprojectandaclearoutlineofwhowillberesponsibleforeachtask."PrepareThesecondthingyouneedtodoiswritedownthekeymessagesyouwanttogetacrossintheconversation.18．.Remembertospeakslowly,breathe.Ifyouareparticularlynervous,rehearse(排练)whatyouplantosayinfrontofafriendsoyouknowyouarecomingacrossasyouwishto.BeempatheticFinally,putyourselfintheotherperson'sshoes—howeverannoyingthatpersonmightbe.Theuselessbosswhonevergivesyoufeedbackissimplystrugglingwithherownworkload.19．,themorewecanplanhowtoworkwiththemtowardsasuccessfuloutcome.Whenyouhavetheconversation,don'tgetblind-sidedbyfasttalkers.Ifthepersonyou'respeakingtostartstoavoidblameoryourquestioning,askthemwhattheirpartisinallofthisandwhattheycantakeresponsibilityfor.20．.Andfinally,ifyoufeelunderpressure,remembertorespondslowlyratherthanreactingquickly.A.PractisesayingthemoutloudB.StartwiththeendresultinmindC.ThelanguageyouuseisalsoimportantD.Themorecarefulyou'rewiththelanguageyouuseE.Themorewecanunderstandtheotherperson'sworldviewF.Tomanageyouremotionsduringadifficultconversation,breathedeeplyG.Butnotbeingabletohave"thatconversation"canholdyoubackinyourcareer三、第三部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthesummerof2018,Idecidedtodoasoloexpedition(独自探险)acrossAntarctica.Togetsome21．,Ididatwo-weektrainingcourse.Ilearnedallthe22．:howtocampinthesnow,howtopullasledandwhatclothingtowear.InOctober,IflewtoAntarcticafromPuntaArenas.I'dallowed70days,whichwouldmakeitthelongest23．one-wayexpeditionacrossAntarcticaIonlytook24．.Ididn'teventakeahairbrush.Thefirstfewdayswere25．.Thewindswereabout60mph,andmysledweighed120kg.Evenifthevisibilityisgood,youcan't26．much—it'sawhitehorizon.Iwasonthemovefor13to15hoursaday.Then,Ifoundtheconditionstobemuchworse.Therewasmoresastrugi(雪脊)anditfeltcolder.Thelast40hourswerereallyhard.I27．about14timeseverytwohours.Asaresult,Ifellbehind28．.Intheend,I29．922milesandfellmorethan100milesshortofmygoal.Towardstheendofmytrip,ahelicopterflewtopickmeup.The30．IfeltwhenIsawthedotinthedistancewasunbelievable.Ittookmeawhiletobe31．ofwhatI'dachieved,becauseIhadfailedtoreachmy32．goal,butI'velearnedit's33．tomovethegoalposts.Idon'tagreewiththeideaofconquering(征服)somewhere.Youtreatplaceswith34．andhopethey'llallowyou35．passage.21．A．donation B．experience C．attention D．rescue22．A．basics B．risks C．benefits D．aids23．A．cooperative B．romantic C．unsupported D．abnormal24．A．companions B．necessities C．cashes D．credits25．A．pleasant B．calm C．tough D．lucky26．A．talk B．hear C．feel D．see27．A．fellover B．droppedoutC．lookedaway D．putup28．A．fundraising B．supply C．schedule D．homework29．A．measured B．designed C．searched D．covered30．A．burden B．relief C．pain D．anxiety31．A．proud B．skeptical C．shy D．ashamed32．A．insignificant B．unbearableC．disturbing D．initial33．A．regrettable B．unnecessaryC．acceptable D．inappropriate34．A．respect B．courage C．carelessness D．coldness35．A．narrow B．safe C．limited D．challenging四、第三部分，语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasmanyfamedexplorers.TherewasZhangQian,36．traveledintoCentralAsia,37．(open)corridorsoftradethatbecametheSilkRoad.ZhengHewasagreatmarinerinthe15thcentury.Yetthesevoyages38．(undertake)underthedirectionofgovernmentsXuXiakewasdifferent.Bornin1587,XuXiakegrewupinarichfamily.Yetherejectedthe39．（comfort)lifetotravelthelostworldofimperialChina.Asoneofthegreatestlandexplorers,XuXiakeissaid40．(travel)thousandsofmilesofChinesemountainsandriversonfootinhislifetime.ThewrittenworkofXuXiake'stravelrecordsanddiariescontainssome404,000Chinesecharacters,41．enormousworkforasingleauthorofhistime.Itmixes42．(detail)ofgeography,botanyandlocalhistorywiththeratingsoftheMingDynastylodgings(住宿)."Onthesurface,Xu'stravelcanneitherbeclassifiedasgreataffairsofstate43．greatundertakingsthatchangedthecourseofhistory."writestheculturalhistorianZhengPeikai."Xutraveledtosatisfyhisown44．(curious)—hetraveledforthesakeoftraveling."XuXiaketraveledacrossChinafor34years.Perhapshis45．(great)journeywashislast.Atage50,hetraveledtothetropicalfrontiersofYunnan.Hundredsofyearslater,wefollow.Naturally,heisthefatherofChinesebackpacking.五、第四部分，写作，第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是校学生会主席李华。学校艺术俱乐部将举办手工创意大赛。请你写一则大赛通知张贴到校国际部。内容包括：1.作品要求；2.作品提交的截止日期和地点。参考词汇：手工创意大赛handicraftcompetition注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice……theStudentUnion六、第四部分，写作，第二节，读后续写（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。WhenMarcowasaboy,hetriedeverythingtogethisfather'sloveandattention.Heworkedhardtoearnexceptionalmarksandalwaystriedtobehavewell.Buthewassosensitiveandshythathealwayshidbehindhishair,whichheworelongaroundhisface.Tomakeitworse,Marcowasnaturallyshorterthantheotherkids.Thisaddedtohisalreadylowself-confidence.At14,heandhisyoungersisterSandramovedinwiththeirdadandhisnewwife.Hisfatherwasbusyandtheircommunicationwasnonexistent.Theonlytimehisdadeverspoketohimwastobedemandingorcritical.Hebegantofearcominghomefromschooleveryday,feelingdesperatelyaloneandisolated.Onedayhisfather,trippedoverMarco'sbikeinthegarage.TheangryreactionleftMarcoindespair,thuscryingout,"That'sit!I'mgoingtokillmyself.""Youdon'tevenhavetheguts!"repliedhisfather.Fortwodays,allMarcocouldthinkofwaswantingtodie,buthedidn'twanttoprovehisfatherwasright.Angryandsad,Marcowasstuck.Twodayslater,hisauntcalledhim.Thisseemedlikeamiracle.AuntGinetteusuallyonlycalledonhisbirthday.Shesaidshehadjustseensomeyoungteenagersparticipateinapublicspeakingcontestandshethoughtabouthim.Shetoldhimshefirmlybelievedhecouldperformonstagelikethosekids,sinceshehadseenhimdoskits(幽默短剧)forthefamilyatChristmas.Marcowasshocked.Him?Inapublicspeakingcontest,whichwascontrarytohisshypersonality?ButAuntGinettewassureitwassomethinghecoulddo.Feelingherstrongbelief,Marcoagreed.Allthatwinter,twiceaweekafterdinner,hetookthreedifferentbusesineachdirectionforthethree-hourround-triptopracticeintheplacewherethecompetitionwouldtakeplace.Marcowastakenbyafeelingheneverfeltbefore.Thehoursandtheobstaclesnolongercounted.Thecriticismfromhisfatheraroundhisabsenceforafter-dinnerchoresdidn'tmatter.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Fourmonthslater,thebignightarrived.……Withthechampionship,Marco'snewlifestarted.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了Typing.com是一个面向所有年龄段学生的在线打字辅导网站，并回答了一些网站上关于打字的一些常见问题。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Typing.comisanonlinetypingtutorforstudentsofallages."Typing.com是一个面向所有年龄段学生的在线打字辅导网站。"可知，Typing.com这个网站适合每个学生。故选B。2．考查推理判断。根据Istyping.comfree?部分中的"Typing.comisafreeonlinetypingtutoranddigitalliteracy(读写能力)platformusedbymillionsofstudentsandeducationprofessionalsaroundtheworld."Typing.com是一个免费的在线打字导师和数字扫盲平台，被全球数百万学生和教育专业人士使用。可知，老师可能会对这个网站感兴趣。故选D。3．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了Typing.com是一个面向所有年龄段学生的在线打字辅导网站，并回答了一些网站上关于打字的一些常见问题；结合Istyping.comfree?部分中的"Weaimtoprovidevaluablelearningtoolstoasmanyschoolteachersandstudentsaspossible."我们的目标是为尽可能多的学校教师和学生提供有价值的学习工具。可知，本文的主要目的是为了推广这个打字网站。故选A。【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了MaryDickins在60岁以后成为一名表演诗人并由此重获新生的故事。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"shesaid,‘Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.'"她说："那是我从未见过的狂野。"；以及"‘Itfelttransformative.Ithought,‘I'vegottohavemoreofthis,''Dickinssaid.Becomingaperformancepoethasgivenheraplaceonastageofherownmaking.""我觉得这是一种变革。我想，‘我得多点这样的表演，'"Dickins说。成为一名表演诗人让她在自己创造的舞台上占据了一席之地)"可知，Dickins首次作为表演者登台时观众的反应很疯狂，这种体验是她从未经历过的，但她很喜欢，成为表演诗人让Dickins在舞台上有了自己的一席之地。可推知，当Dickins第一次上台表演诗歌后，观众的反应使她大受鼓舞，故选D。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"butinthreeyearsofseminarsshedidnotsayaword.Someofthisresultsfromheryearsatthechildren'shome.Shesays,‘Itgavemeasenseofwhatit'sliketobeexcluded.Ineverfittedinanywhere.'"但在三年的研讨会上，她一句话也没说。其中一些是她在儿童之家的岁月造成的。她说："这让我感受到了被排斥的感觉。我从来没有适应过任何地方。"可知，Dickins在儿童之家生活多年的经历让她觉得自己被排斥在外，在任何地方都格格不入，很没有归属感，故选B。6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段"‘Puttingthingsintowordsandgivingshapetoyouremotionsisanimportantpartofcomingtotermswiththethingsthathappeninlife,'shesays.""把事情用语言表达出来，让你的情绪具体化，这是接受生活中发生的事情的重要组成部分。"她说。可推知，写作使她更好地接纳生活中发生的一切，让她与自己的生活讲和，故选C。7．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"shesaid,‘Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.'Theaudiencestampedtheirfeetandshookshakers."她说："那是我从未见过的狂野。"观众们跺着脚，晃动着摇动器。对Dickins在62岁时首次登台演出的描写，以及最后一段中的"‘..Finally!Youhavetowaittillyou're62tofeelconfident!'shesays.‘ButIhaveasenseofwhoIamandI'mproudofit.Iwouldn'tbeanyoneelsenow—andittookmealongtimetosaythat.'"终于！你得等到62岁才会有自信！她说。"但我知道我是谁，我为此感到自豪。现在的我不会是别人——我花了很长时间才说出这句话。"她提到自己通过写作和表演克服害羞、找到自信可知，本文主要讲述了MaryDickins在60岁以后成为一名表演诗人并由此重获新生的故事。可推知"MaryDickins在60岁后的新开始"适合作本文标题，故选A。【答案】8．C9．D10．B11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于蚊子的研究，一项新的研究报告称，蚊子的嗅觉比我们曾经认为的要复杂得多，科学家们试图打破这种吸引力但是失败了，但是发现了蚊子每个神经元都有多个受体，可以探测到多种气味。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"‘Andnow,they'relookingforatargetlikethecomplexmixtureofhumanbodysmell—asmellthat'sattractivetothemosquitoes,'Youngerexplains.""现在，他们正在寻找一个目标，比如人体气味的复杂混合物——一种对蚊子有吸引力的气味，"Younger解释说。可知，Younger对着一个满是蚊子的笼子呼气是为了对蚊子的嗅觉进行实验。故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的"Mostofwhatweknowabouttheneuroscienceofsmellcomesfrommiceandfruitflies,wherethewiringisfairlysimple....Youngerandtheothersstudiedmosquitobrains,whereshefoundthateachneuronhasmultiplereceptorsthatcandetectmultiplesmells."我们对嗅觉神经科学的了解大多来自老鼠和果蝇，它们的神经线路相当简单。……Younger和其他人研究了蚊子的大脑，她发现每个神经元都有多个受体，可以探测到多种气味。可知，蚊子和果蝇的不同在于蚊子每个神经元中有更多的嗅觉受体。故选D。10．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"Thisworkcouldgiveresearchersadditionalwaystobattletheinsectslikedevelopingtrapsthatcontainnewsmellmixturesthataremoreappealingthanpeople."这项工作可以为研究人员提供更多的方法来对抗昆虫，比如开发含有比人更有吸引力的新气味混合物的陷阱。可推知，这项研究的意义是激发了预防蚊虫叮咬的新方法。故选B。11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Butregardingthecentralfinding,shesays,‘Itreallydoeschangealotaboutwhatweknowofhowinsectsperceivetheworld.'"但关于这一核心发现，她说："它确实改变了我们对昆虫如何感知世界的认识。"可知，JosefinadelMarmol认为这项研究发现向前迈了一大步。故选A。【答案】12．A13．B14．A15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与从前反复使用衣服的模式不同，现在大家往往追逐快时尚，造成了很大浪费，不过网上二手市场正在蓬勃发展，但只有少部分人是真的认识到了自己的购物习惯对地球的影响，而且一些主流品牌有可能会借此机会来"洗绿"，很多人有可能会继续购买。指出，虽然追求风格无可厚非，但是学会欣赏旧衣服实际上是很有意义的。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"ashetracedacoat'sjourneyinthelastcentury:cleaned,repairedandresoldrepeatedly;cutdownintoasmalleritem;eventuallyrecycledintonewfabric"他追溯了一件大衣在上个世纪的历程：反复清洗、修理和转售；缩为成更小件的；最终被回收制成新的织物。可知，以前的衣服会被反复多次使用；再结合表示转折意义的"But"以及"TheaverageBritishcustomerbuysfouritemsamonth.Anditisreportedthat350,000tonnesofusedbutstillwearableclothesgotolandfillsintheUKeachyear."英国消费者平均每月购买四件商品。据报道，英国每年有35万吨用过但还能穿的衣服被送往垃圾填埋场。可知，现在情况和以前不同，衣服更迭速度很快，很多衣服被浪费了。可推知，以前衣服循环使用的模式在现在快时尚的时代是令人难以置信的，划线词mind-boggling意思应该与unbelievable"令人难以置信的"一致。故选A。13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"AtfashionwebsiteAsos,salesofvintageclothes(古董衫)haverisenby92%.Clothingwasoncewornoutofnecessity,andnowitissimplyawayoflife.BusyfamiliesselluseditemsoneBay,teenagerstradeonDepopandsomefashionpeopleofferdesignerlabelsonVestiaireCollective.Strikingly,ithasbecomebigenoughbusinessthatmainstreamretailers(零售商)wantasliceoftheaction."在时尚网站Asos，古着的销量增长了92%。衣服曾经是出于需要而穿，现在它只是一种生活方式。忙碌的家庭在eBay上出售二手物品，青少年在Depop上交易，一些时尚人士在VestiaireCollective上出售设计师品牌。引人注目的是，它已经成为一个足够大的业务，主流零售商也想分一杯羹。可知，网络二手交易销量增长，不同的人群在不同的平台交易二手衣服，主流零售商甚至也想参与其中。可推知，作者是想说明网上二手市场正在蓬勃发展。故选B。14．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"However,thebiggestconcernmaybethatpeoplekeepbuyingbecausetheyknowtheycanresellgoods,stillchasingthepleasureofthenextpurchasebutwithaneasedconscience(愧疚)."然而，最大的担忧可能是，人们继续购买，因为他们知道他们可以转售商品，仍然在追求下一次购买的乐趣，但良心上有所放松。可知，二手交易业务让人们有了处理已购商品的方法，解除了购买不必要衣服的愧疚感，可以继续购买衣服，即让人们可以自由地追求快时尚。故选A。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"AnewNetflixseries,WornStories,documentstheemotionalmeaningsthatclothescanhave:Eacholditemisfullofmemories.Actually,ahandbagfromagrandmotherandascarfpassedonbyafatherarebothvaluableforus."Netflix的一部新剧《旧衣往事》记录了衣服的情感含义：每一件旧衣服都充满了回忆。其实，祖母送的手提包和父亲送的围巾对我们来说都很有价值。可知，这部剧表明旧衣服具有情感含义，充满回忆，富有价值。可推知，它主张的是"旧东西值得长期珍藏"。故选B。【答案】16．G；17．B；18．A；19．E；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在工作中掌握棘手的对话的方法。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Manyofusstruggletosaywhatweneedtoatwork.Whetherit'saskingforapayriseorfacingaco-workerovertheirbehaviour,theseconversationscanbedifficulttohavewithouttheotherpersongettingangry."我们中的许多人都很难说出我们在工作中需要什么。无论是要求加薪还是面对同事的行为，这些对话都很难在对方不生气的情况下进行；以及空后"Here'smytipsonhowtotackleyournextdifficultconversation."下面是我的建议，教你如何应对下一次棘手的对话。可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出无法进行上文提到的对话，后文给出建议。G.Butnotbeingabletohave"thatconversation"canholdyoubackinyourcareer"但是不能进行‘那种对话'会阻碍你的职业发展"符合语境，故选G。17．根据空前"First,youneedtoplanwhatyou'regoingtosay."首先，你需要计划你要说什么；以及空后"Writedownwhatyouwantoutoftheconversationandbeclearonwhatyouwanttohappenasaresult.Forexample,youmaydecide:‘Iwanttogetanagreementondeadlinesforthisprojectandaclearoutlineofwhowillberesponsibleforeachtask.'"写下你想从谈话中得到什么，并明确你想要的结果。例如，你可能会决定："我想在这个项目的最后期限上达成一致，并明确规定谁将负责每项任务。"可知，后文提到了明确想要的结果，即以结果为出发点。B.Startwiththeendresultinmind"以最终结果为出发点"符合语境，故选B。18．根据空前"Thesecondthingyouneedtodoiswritedownthekeymessagesyouwanttogetacrossintheconversation."你需要做的第二件事是写下你想要在对话中传达的关键信息；以及空后"Remembertospeakslowly,breathe.Ifyouareparticularlynervous,rehearse(排练)whatyouplantosayinfrontofafriendsoyouknowyouarecomingacrossasyouwishto."记住说慢点，呼吸。如果你特别紧张，那就在朋友面前排练一下你打算说什么，这样你就知道你给人的印象是你想说。可知