广东省深圳市宝安区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

广东省深圳市宝安区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读理解TheBiggestNationalParkOnContinentsAmericaCoveringnearlyhalfoftheworld'slargestisland,NortheastGreenlandNationalParkiscurrentlytheglobe'ssinglelargestnationalparkandbiggestland-basedprotectedarea.Itcovers972,000squarekilometers.ThevastGreenland:IceSheetmakesupmostofthepark,butthere'salsoalongcoastlinethatishometomuskoxen,polarbearsandmanyotherArcticcreatures.OceaniaCovering36,000squarekilometers,theMunga-Thirri-SimpsonDesertNationalParkwassetupin2021toprotectthebeautifuldesertlandscapesoffarnorthernSouthAustralia.Itincludesoneoftheworld'slargestdune（沙丘）fields.Aswellasmorethan150birdspecies,theparkprovideshomeformanyanimals.AsiaFoundedin2021,China'sSanjiangyuanNationalParkisnowthelargestinAsia,covering190,700squarekilometersofthesnow-coveredQinghai-TibetPlateauthatprovidestheheadwatersoftheYangtze,YellowandLancangrivers.Roughandremote,thehighlandsharborarangeofrare,endangeredanimalspecies.Theparkalsoincludesculturalsites.AfricaSomeoftheworld'shighestandbiggestsanddunesarethecenterpieceofwesternNamibia'sNamib-NaukluftNationalPark,Africa'slargestat49,768squarekilometers.Easytoexplorewithyourown,vehicle,themainparkroadleadstomostdunesandforest.Hotairballoonflightsofferabird'seyeviewofthewholepark.ItisalsoknownforplantsandanimalsthathaveadaptedtooneoftheEarth'smostdryplaces.1．Whereistheworldlargestnationalparklocated?A．InAsia. B．InAfrica. C．InAmerica. D．InOceania.2．WhatmakestheSanjiangyuanNationalParkspecial?A．Itslargeicesheet. B．Culturalscenicspots.C．Highestsanddunes. D．RareArcticcreatures.3．HowcanvisitorsenjoythefullviewoftheNamib-NaukluftNationalPark?A．Bytakingboats. B．Bydrivingvehicles.C．Byridingbicycles. D．Byridinghotairballoons.阅读理解OnMarch1,Dr.JosephDituribeganaprojecttostayfor100daysataspecialhotelcalledJules'sUnderseaLodge30feetundertheoceansurfaceinaconservationareainKeyLargo.Thefartheryougobelowtheocean'ssurface,thegreaterthepressure.Dr.Dituriwantedtolearnhowthispressurewouldaffectthehumanbodyovertime.Hebelievesthathighpressurecouldhelppeoplelivelongerandstayhealthierastheygetolder.Itcouldalsohelpdoctorstreatdifferentmedicalproblems,includingbraininjuries.Whilehewaslivingunderwater,Dr.Dituristayedbusy.Heoftenexercisedinthemorning.Hekeptteachinghiscollegeclassesvirtuallyandhadonlinechatswithover5,500studentsfrom15differentcountries.Healsoworkedwithoceanexpertstofigureoutwaystopreservetheocean.Heevenhadanumberofvisitorswhodovedowntospendalittletimewithhim.OnJune9,Dr.Diturireturnedtothesurfacewithanewworldrecord,beatingtheoldrecordof73days.Manyfriends,family,andothersupportersweretheretogreethimandcelebratehissuccess.Doctorsquicklycheckedhimouttomakesurehewasokay.Actually,Dr.Dituriwentthroughseveralbigchanges.Foronething,hebecame1.3centimetersshorterduringhistimeinthehigherunderseapressure.Sleepingmuchbetter,hishealthgreatlyimprovedinacoupleofways.Dr.Dituriandhisteamplantostudytheinformationtheycollectedduringtheproject.InNovember,Dr.DituriwillspeakatanimportantmedicalmeetinginScotlandaboutthediscoveriesthescientistsmadeduringtheproject.Dr.Diturisayshisfavoritepartoftheprojectwastalkingwithyoungpeople."Whoknows?"hesaid."Maybeoneday,oneofthemwillcome.backandbreaktherecordwejustset.MygreatesthopeisthatIhaveinspiredanewgenerationofexplorersandresearcherstopushpastallboundaries.4．WhatisJules'sUnderseaLodgespecialfor?A．Itsconvenience. B．Itsreputation.C．Itslocation D．Itsluxuriousness.5．WhydidDr.Dituridecidetostaylonginthehotel?A．Totreathisbraininjuries.B．Tolivelongerandhealthier.C．Todealwithmedicalproblems.D．Totestoneofhisacademicideas.6．WhichstatementbestdescribesDr.Dituri'sundersealife?A．Hekeptadailyroutinealmostasusual.B．Hewasbusywithmedicalexperiments.C．Heledadulllifeseparatedfromtheothers.D．Hesetaworldrecordofliving73daysunderwater.7．WhatdoesDr.Dituriwishyoungpeopletodo?A．Communicatemorewithhim.B．Exploretheunknownbravely.C．Studytheinformationoftheproject.D．MeetattheconferenceinScotland.阅读理解Eachyear,morethan27million.U.S.andCanadiankidsgettoschoolbybus.Mostofthosebusesrunondiesel（柴油）fuel,whichgiveoutpollutionthatriderscantakein.Pollutionlevelscanbeseveraltimeshigherinsideadieselschoolbusthanoutsideit.Why?Pollutioncanleakinfromthefloororblowinthroughwindows.AU.S.governmentprogramstartedin2012offeredschools'moneyspentoncleanerschoolbusesbutnotallschoolscouldgetit.Fiveyearslater,emissionsfrombusesinthewinningdistrictsfell.Andayearaftergettingnewbuses,studentattendancehadimprovedinthosedistricts.Foranaveragedistrictof10,000students,aboutsixmorestudentsattended'schooleachday'inthewinningdistricts,comparedtothelosingdistricts.Winningschoolswithhigherratesofbus-ridingkidshadanaverageof14morestudentsinclasseachday.Andwinningdistrictsthatreplacedtheoldestschoolbuses?Theyhadanaverageof45morestudentsinschooleachday.Thosenumbersmaysoundsmall,but'theyaddup.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.Almost3millionU.S.kidsrideschoolbusesmorethan20yearsold.IfU.S.schooldistrictshadreplacedallofthoseolderbuses,therewouldhavebeen1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear.Theremightbeotherreasonsforbetterattendance.Forexample,maybekidspreferrednewbuses.However,themost-likelyreasonforfewerstudentabsenceswasbetterhealth.Astudydoneonadultsshowedthatabriefexposuretodieselemissionsreduced"networkconnectivity"inthebrain.Inotherstudies,suchnetwork-connectivitychangeshavebeenlinkedtoworsenedmemoryandmentaltasks.AWashingtonStateprogramupgradedpollutioncontrolsinolddieselbuses.Afterward,fewerkidswerehospitalizedinthosedistrictsthaninschoolswithoutbusupgrades.AlmostallU.S.schooldistrictscanapplyfortheprogram.Butschoolsinlow-incomeareas,intribalareasand,inruralareaswillgetpriority.Kidsintheseareastendtoface.themosthealthrisksfromolderbuses.8．Whatcanweinferaboutdieselschoolbusesfromthefirstparagraph?A．Theyhaveashortservicelife.B．Theyoperatecost-effectively.C．Theyaccommodatefewpassengers.D．Theydomuchharmtoschoolchildren.9．Whyistheincreaseinschoolattendancesmallbutimportant?A．Itisalongaccumulation. B．Itisawinningcondition.C．Itisameasuringstandard. D．Itisastudentachievement.10．Howdoesthebusreplacementbringbetterstudentattendance?A．Byreducingthenetworkconnectivity.B．Bybetteringthehealthstateofstudents.C．Byimprovingstudentsatisfactionwithschools.D．Bymeetingstudents'demandforschoolbusdrivers.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．The"networkconnectivity"inthebrain.B．Thegreatworkoncleanerschoolbuses.C．AU.S.governmentprogramforeducation.D．Betterattendanceduetonewschoolbuses.阅读理解First-yearcollegestudentsoftenareexpectedorrequiredtoliveindormitories.Intherestyears,it'susuallyuptothosestudentstodecidewhethertoliveonoroffcampus.Butsomeschoolsdon'tprovideanoptionandrequirefouryearsofon-campuslivingforfull-timestudents.Livingoncampushasbeenshowntoincreaseretention（保留）andattendanceratesamongfreshmanandsecond-yearstudents,accordingtoa2021report.Thereareexceptions,however.Atsomecolleges,studentsmaybefreedfromtherequirementiftheyare,forinstance,commuters（通勤生）,fifth-yearseniors,atleast23yearsofageorlegallymarried.Residentialhousingatcollegesisnotlimitedtosharedroomsandbathrooms.Alternativesincludeflats,apartments,Greekhousesorliving-learningcommunitiesforstudentswithsharedinterests.On-campusstudentsalsohaveaccesstoservicesandresourcessuchasresidencelifestaffwhocanhelpifahousingissuearises.Whenstudentsliveinacommunity,theyareforcedtolivewithdifferentpeople,learnmoreaboutthemselvesandabouttheothers,andtelleachothertheirstories.Ontheotherhand,off-campuslivingprovidesstudentswithmoreindependence,astheyarenotconstrainedbyschoolhousingpolicies.Off-campusstudentsgainmorereal-worldexperienceinareaslikepayingtheirownbills,findingrenter'sinsurance,cookingtheirownmealsandnegotiatingorreviewingcontracts.Ifstudentsarechoosingtoliveoffcampus,theyshouldreallythinkitthroughandtalktosomeonethatlived.offcampus.Dotheirhomeworkandlookatallthecostsbeforetheymakethatdecision.Makesure,too,thattheyarechoosingpeoplethattheycanlivewith.Atfirstglance,off-campushousingcanappearlessexpensive.Buttheadditionalexpensesoutsideofrent—likeutilities,groceries,Internetaccess,cableandfurniture—areoftenoverlooked.Toreduceoff-campuscosts,somestudentschoosetooverpackhousesorapartments,sometimeswithfourorfivepeopleinatwo-bedroomhouse.Unlikeoff-campushousing,thetotalcostoflivingoncampusistypicallyall-inclusive,covetingrent,utilities,furniture,Wi-Fiandamealplan.12．Whydosomecollegesrequireallthestudentstoliveoncampus?A．Tokeepthemstaylongeroncampusforclasses.B．Tomakesureallstudentscanliveinsharedrooms.C．Tomakeasmuchprofitaspossibleforthecolleges.D．Tomonitoralloftheirstudentsaseasilyaspossible.13．Whatshouldstudentsdobeforelivingoffcampus?A．Theyshouldfindsomeonetotakecareofthem.B．Theyshouldfullydeveloptheabilitytolivealone.C．Theyshouldlearnallaspectsofoff-campusliving.D．Theyshouldseekaccommodationthroughanagent.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"overpack"inthelastparagraphmean?A．Overlook. B．Overconsume. C．Overestimate. D．Overload.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ResidentialHousingAtDifferentCollegesB．ChoiceBetweenHousingOnOrOffCampusC．AccommodationSituationForCollegeStudentsD．DifferentLivingExperienceOnOrOffCampus二、第一部分阅读，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou'reafraidtofly,you'reingoodcompany.About40%ofAmericansfeelsomefearatthethoughtofflying.16．thesetipscanhelp.17．Exposuretherapyistheideathatbeingexposedtosomethingyou'reafraidofoverandoveragaincalmsdownyourlimbicsystemsoitdoesn'tfireupasfast.Thatcouldmeanlessanxietyinthelongrun.Duringthenight,distractyourselfWhenwe'rereallyanxious,wecan'tthinkstraight.Thekeyistotrytoconnecttoyourrational,thinkingbrain.Whenwereallyfocusonthinking,likedoingamathproblem,ouremotionalbraincalmsdown.TryacrosswordpuzzleorSudoku,readareallyjuicyromancenovelorgetthroughapileofpaperwork.18．.Ifyouhitturbulence（气流）,don'tforceyourselftocalmdownDuringaroughflight,youmightbetotakeslow,deepbreathstocalmdown.19．.It'snearlyimpossibletostopyourfight-or-flightresponse,onceit'sbeentriggered.Remindyourselfthatyourbodyishavinganormalresponsetoaperceivedthreat.Consultwithadoctoraboutmedication（冥想）,ifyoufeelyoumightneeditTherearemedicationsprettyquicklytakingdownanxiety.20．,talkwithyourprimarycaredoctororapsychiatrist.Trytothinkofamedicationthat'snotjustshort-term,butsomethingthatcanhelpyoubringyourbaselineanxietydown.A.Butdon'ttrytostoptheexperienceB.TrytoholdbackyourfeelingoffearC.IfyoudoneedmedicationtogetonaplaneD.BoardyourflightwithplentyofdistractionsE.Faceyourfear,repeatedlybutinsmalldosesF.Ifyoudidalmostanythingbutcan'tavoidflightsG.That'swhereIagreewithbecausethatexperienceisterrible三、第三部分语言运用，第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ifeareditwasgoingtobeaterriblefireworkseasonthisyear.Thebangs（巨响）21．beforethefirstofJulyandlastedthreemoredays.IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.Itwasthenthatalocalfair22．ahugefireworkshownearourhouseandIsawhowthehuge23．terrifiedourdogs.Isatonthe24．inthehousewiththemduringthewholeshow,holdingtheir25．bodies.Iknowalotofpeopleenjoythe26．lightshowsthefireworkscanputonattimes.Theycanbebrightandbeautiful.Still,IfindthatI27．thegentlerlightsofsummerstothesenoisyones.Iloveseeingthemoonrising28．abovethehillsintheevening.Theshiningstarsalwayslooksowonderfulwhenyoutakethetimeto29．intotheskyandwatchthemshine.Ialso30．thebeautiful,blinkinglightsofthefireflies（萤火虫）atthis31．ofyear.Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsasthey32．aroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithjoyandlightaswell.Itfeedsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataglorious33．welivein.Ithinkweallmightdobettertodevelopandgrowthegentler34．withinourselves.Theyaremeanttobe35．withothers.Theyaremeanttobeshined21．A．bounced B．resounded C．ripened D．resigned.22．A．launched B．assessed C．canceled D．assigned23．A．bonus B．noise C．sight D．feast24．A．carpet B．fountain C．grass D．roof25．A．frightening B．exciting C．calming D．trembling26．A．subsequent B．vivid C．single D．primitive27．A．prefer B．apply C．compare D．devote28．A．initially B．substantiallyC．slowly D．obviously29．A．breakdown B．lookup C．riseup D．flowaway30．A．seize B．release C．raise D．fancy.31．A．time B．age C．edge D．mercy32．A．lie B．flee C．fly D．stick.33．A．world B．community C．dream D．flat34．A．sounds B．levels C．lights D．images35．A．helped B．shared C．compared D．communicated四、第三部分语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A16-year-oldgirlfromChangsha,HunanProvince,reachedthetopofQomolangmawithsuccess,36．（become）theyoungestChinesefemaletoconquer（征服）theworld'shighestmountainfromthesouthernslope.Xuisafirst-yearhighschoolstudent.InApril,sheleftChangshaforNepal,beganhertrek（涉）fromLukla,arrivedatthebasecamp37．startedheraltitudeadjustmenttraining.At10pmBeijingtimeonMay14,XustartedtrekkingfromCamp4at38．altitudeof7,950meters.Afterahard10-hourclimb,she39．（successful）reachedthetop.Xu'sfatherwasthefirstpersonfromHunanProvince40．（reach）thetopofQomolangma.Influencedbyherfather,Xu41．（explore）remoteareaswithhimsinceshewasveryyoung.Despiteheryoungage,Xuhasalreadyclimbedfivemountainsover5,000metersinChina.AlthoughXuhasrichclimbingexperience,shegetshigh-intensity42．（profession）trainingnon-stoptoconquerQomolangma.Lastyear,sheclimbedMountMuztagata,43．stands7,546meters."Hunanbeings44．（be）smallinthefaceofnature.WeshouldrespectnatureandgetclosertoQomolangma,saidXu.Shehopestoconquerthehighestpeakineachoftheseven45．（continent）andtobeabletoreachtheNorthPoleandSouthPoleoneday.五、第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）46．第一节学校英语报正在举行题为"MyGreatestHappiness"的英语征文活动。请写一篇短文投稿,内容包括：1.最大的快乐；2.快乐的源泉。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyGreatestHappiness47．第二节阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。"Hi,Connie.Mysister-in-law'sfamiliarbrightandclearvoicegreetedmefromtheotherendofthephonelineearlyoneMondayafternoon."MomandIjustfinishedbakingbananabread,andwe'dlovetobringyououtawarmloaf.Canyouhavethecoffeeoninhalfanhour?"Sincethoughtsofmymother-in-law'sfreshlybakedbananabreadcloudedmysensibilitiesandmademeunabletothinkofanexcuse,Irepliedinmycheeriestvoice,"Ofcourse,comeonup.I'llbehere!"WhatwasIthinking?Ican'tletmymother-in-lawseethehouselikethis!She'sundertheimpressionthatI'mperfect.Ihadtoattempttocleanthehousewithinthirtyminutes.Thepastweek,however,hadbeenevenbusierthanusualwithrunningmyfiveveryactivekidsbackandforthforextra-curricularactivities.Asaresult,thehousewasneglected.Toaddtomyawkwardsituation,Ihadspentthemorningsittinginthegardendrinkingcoffeeinanefforttorecoverfromtherushedweekendofactivities.ButItoldmyself,"Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.ThenIputmywordsintoaction!Icleanedupthekitchenintenminutes.Thingswerelookinggood,andIstillhadtwentyminutesremaining.Iquicklysweptthelivingroom,throwingtoysintothetoyboxasIworkedmywayacrossthefloor.Glancingattheclockonmywayupstairstothekids'bedrooms,IwasrelievedtofindIhadfiveminutestospare.Thatgavemejustenoughtimetotidyupthebathroomandrunabrushthroughmyhair.Whew!Ididit!Iputonafreshpotofcoffee,andsincemyguestshadn'tyetarrived,IdecidedtowipeoffthechickeneggsIhadgatheredaftertakingthekidstothebusstop.Itwouldbeanicegesturetogivethemsomeeggsinreturnforthebananabread.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。IwasfinishingthelasteggwhenIheardaknockatthedoorbehindme.Butthatsmilewasshort-livedwhenmyoldestsonranthroughthefrontdoor.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了各大洲最大的国家公园以及它们的特点。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据America部分中的"Coveringnearlyhalfoftheworld'slargestisland,NortheastGreenlandNationalParkiscurrentlytheglobe'ssinglelargestnationalparkandbiggestland-basedprotectedarea.Itcovers972,000squarekilometers."东北格陵兰国家公园几乎覆盖了世界上最大岛屿的一半，是目前世界上最大的国家公园和最大的陆地保护区。它占地97.2万平方公里。说明NortheastGreenlandNationalPark是目前全球最大的国家公园，并且它位于格陵兰，属于美洲大陆的一部分。故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据Asia部分中的"Foundedin2021,China'sSanjiangyuanNationalParkisnowthelargestinAsia,covering190,700squarekilometersofthesnow-coveredQinghai-TibetPlateauthatprovidestheheadwatersoftheYangtze,YellowandLancangrivers,Roughandremote,thehighlandsharborarangeofrare,endangeredanimalspecies.Theparkalsoincludesculturalsites."中国的三江源国家公园成立于2021年，是目前亚洲最大的国家公园，占地19.7万平方公里，位于冰雪覆盖的青藏高原上，是长江、黄河和澜沧江的源头。崎岖偏远的高地是许多珍稀濒危动物的栖息地。该公园还包括文化遗址。三江源国家公园不光拥有自然保护价值，其中提到的"culturalsites"表明它包括了文化风景名胜区。故选B。3．考查细节理解。根据Africa部分中的"Someoftheworld'shighestandbiggestsanddunesarethecenterpieceofwesternNamibia'sNamib-NaukluftNationalPark,Africa'slargestat49,768squarekilometers.Easytoexplorewithyourownvehicle,themainparkroadleadstomostdunesandforest,Hotairballoonflightsofferabird'seyeviewofthewholepark."一些世界上最高和最大的沙丘位于纳米比亚西部的纳米布-瑙克卢夫特国家公园的中心，这是非洲最大的公园，占地47968平方公里。主要的公园很容易用自己的交通工具探索，道路通往大多数沙丘和森林。乘坐热气球可以鸟瞰整个公园。这段文字讲述了，热气球飞行提供全公园的鸟瞰，意味着可以全面观赏公园。故选D。【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了约瑟夫·迪图里博士在基拉戈水下酒店进行100天实验以研究深海压力对身体的影响，期间保持常规生活，打破世界记录，并激励年轻人勇探未知。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段"OnMarch1,Dr.JosephDituribeganaprojecttostayfor100daysataspecialhotelcalledJules'sUnderseaLodge30feetundertheoceansurfaceinaconservationareainKeyLargo."3月1日，约瑟夫·迪图里(JosephDituri)博士开始了一个项目，他将在KeyLargo一个保护区的海平面下30英尺处的一家名为"朱尔斯海底小屋"的特殊酒店住上100天。可知，朱尔斯的海底小屋的特别之处是它的位置位于海平面下30英尺处。故选C。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Dr.Dituriwantedtolearnhowthispressurewouldaffectthehumanbodyovertime.Hebelievesthathighpressurecouldhelppeoplelivelongerandstayhealthierastheygetolder.Itcouldalsohelpdoctorstreatdifferentmedicalproblems,includingbraininjuries."迪图里博士想了解这种压力随着时间的推移会如何影响人体。他认为，随着年龄的增长，高血压可以帮助人们活得更长，更健康。它还可以帮助医生治疗不同的医疗问题，包括脑损伤。可知，迪图里医生决定在酒店里待很久是因为他想检验他的一个学术观点。故选D。6．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Whilehewaslivingunderwater,Dr.Dituristayedbusy.Heoftenexercisedinthemorning.Hekeptteachinghiscollegeclassesvirtuallyandhadonlinechatswithover5,500studentsfrom15differentcountries.Healsoworkedwithoceanexpertstofigureoutwaystopreservetheocean.Heevenhadanumberofvisitorswhodovedowntospendalittletimewithhim."在水下生活期间，迪图里一直很忙。他经常在早上锻炼。他一直在网上教授他的大学课程，并与来自15个不同国家的5500多名学生在线聊天。他还与海洋专家一起研究保护海洋的方法。他甚至有一些游客潜入水中和他待一会儿。可推知，迪图里博士在海底的生活和往常一样。故选A。7．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"MygreatesthopeisthatIhaveinspiredanewgenerationofexplorersandresearcherstopushpastallboundaries."我最大的希望是，我激励了新一代的探险家和研究人员去突破所有的界限。可知，迪图里博士希望年轻人勇敢地探索未知。故选B。【答案】8．D9．A10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了美国校巴更新计划如何减少柴油污染，提高学生出勤率和健康水平。老旧巴士被指出对学生健康不利，新巴士实施后出勤有所改善。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"U.S.andCanadiankidsgettoschoolbybus.Mostofthosebusesrunondiesel(柴油)fuel,whichgiveoutpollutionthatriderscantakein.Pollutionlevelscanbeseveraltimeshigherinsideadieselschoolbusthanoutsideit.Why?Pollutioncanleakinfromthefloororblowinthroughwindows."美国和加拿大的孩子坐公共汽车上学。这些公共汽车大多使用柴油燃料，而柴油所产生的污染会让乘客吸入。柴油校车内的污染水平可能比外面高几倍。为什么？污染可以从（校车）地板漏进来，或者从窗户吹进来。可知，从第一段我们可以推断出柴油校车对学生有很大的危害。故选D。9．考查细节理解。根据第三段"Thosenumbersmaysoundsmall,buttheyaddup.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.Almost3millionU.S.kidsrideschoolbusesmorethan20yearsold.IfU.S.schooldistrictshadreplacedallofthoseolderbuses,therewouldhavebeen1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear."这些数字听起来可能很小，但积少成多。出勤率对学生的成绩很重要。近300万美国儿童乘坐的校车年龄超过20岁。如果美国的学区更换了所有的旧巴士，那么就只有1辆了。每年减少300万学生缺勤。可知，学校出勤率的增加很小却很重要是因为这是一个积累的过程。故选A。10．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Theremightbeotherreasonsforbetterattendance.Forexample,maybekidspreferrednewbuses.However,themost-likelyreasonforfewerstudentabsenceswasbetterhealth."提高出勤率可能还有其他原因。例如，也许孩子们更喜欢新公交车。然而，学生缺勤减少最有可能的原因是健康状况好转。可知，公交车更换通过改善学生的健康状况来提高学生出勤率。故选B。11．考查主旨大意。全文主要谈论的是更换新校巴带来的更好的学生出勤率。文中详细说明了美国某些学区采取行动换新巴士后，学生的出勤情况如何改善，以及这一改变如何积极影响到学生的健康和学习成绩。尽管文中也提到了美国政府的项目和对大脑网络连接性的研究，但这些都是为了支持主题。"由于有了新的校车，出勤率提高了。"反映了文本的主旨。故选D。【答案】12．A13．C14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了大学生选择校内外住宿的优劣，并提供了选择建议，分析了校内住宿对学习的益处和校外住宿的独立生活技能需求。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Butsomeschoolsdon'tprovideanoptionandrequirefouryearsofon-campuslivingforfull-timestudents.Livingoncampushasbeenshowntoincreaseretention(保留)andattendanceratesamongfreshmanandsecond-yearstudents,accordingtoa2021report."有些学校不提供这种选择，并要求全日制学生在校内生活四年。2021年的一份报告显示，住在校园里可以提高大一和二年级学生的留校率和出勤率。可知，一份报告显示，学校要求学生在校内生活能提高大一和大二学生的留效率和出勤率；所以说，有些大学要求所有的学生都住在校园里为了让他们在上课在校园的时间更长。故选A。13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Off-campusstudentsgainmorereal-worldexperienceinareaslikepayingtheirownbills,findingrenter'sinsurance,cookingtheirownmealsandnegotiatingorreviewingcontracts.Ifstudentsarechoosingtoliveoffcampus,theyshouldreallythinkitthroughandtalktosomeonethatlivedoffcampus."校外学生在支付自己的账单、为租房者找保险、自己做饭、谈判或审查合同等方面获得了更多的实际经验。可知，住在校外，学生要考虑支付自己的账单，找保险、自己做饭、协商或者审查合同等方面；以及"Dotheirhomeworkandlookatallthecostsbeforetheymakethatdecision.Makesure,too,thattheyarechoosingpeoplethattheycanlivewith."在做决定之前，先做足功课，看看所有的成本。同时也要确保他们选择了可以一起生活的人。知，作者建议选择校外居住前要做足功课，考虑所有的成本以及确保选择了可以一起生活的人。因此，选择校外居住前需要考虑到方方面面的问题。故选C。14．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Toreduceoff-campuscosts"为了减少校外居住的成本；以及"sometimeswithfourorfivepeopleinatwo-bedroomhouse("有时四五个人住在一套两居室的房子里。可知，为了降低成本，有些学生选择在两室的卧房里住进四五个人，说明房子里住的人太多，可推断，划线词overpack的意思应与"塞满或者挤满"意思相近。故选D。15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"First-yearcollegestudentsoftenareexpectedorrequiredtoliveindormitories.Intherestyears,it'susuallyuptothosestudentstodecidewhethertoliveonoroffcampus."大学一年级的学生通常被期望或要求住在宿舍里。在剩下的几年里，通常由这些学生决定是住在校内还是校外。可知，大学一年级的学生要求住在宿舍，但在接下来的几年里有学生决定住在校内还是校外，结合下文介绍的校内居住和校外住宿的利和弊，并提供了相关的建议可知，本文主要介绍的是关于学生在校内和校外住房之间选择的讨论，可推知"校内居住还是校外居住的选择"概括了本文的主题，适合作为标题。故选B。【答案】16．F；17．E；18．D；19．A；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何克服飞行恐惧，包括面对恐惧、分散注意力、接受恐惧和寻求医疗帮助等方法。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"About40%ofAmericansfeelsomefearatthethoughtofflying."大约40%的美国人一想到坐飞机就感到害怕。引出话题，提到很多人坐飞机感到害怕；以及空后"thesetipscanhelp."这些建议会有所帮助。提到有帮助的建议。F.Ifyoudidalmostanythingbutcan'tavoidflights"如果你做了几乎所有的事情，但无法避免航班"承上启下，符合语境，故选F。17．根据空后"Exposuretherapyistheideathatbeingexposedtosomethingyou'reafraidofoverandoveragaincalmsdownyourlimbicsystemsoitdoesn'tfireupasfast.Thatcouldmeanlessanxietyinthelongrun."暴露疗法是指，一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中，会让你的大脑边缘系统平静下来，这样它就不会那么快地兴奋起来。从长远来看，这可能意味着更少的焦虑。可知，本段讲的是一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中。E.Faceyourfear,repeatedlybutinsmalldoses"面对你的恐惧，反复但要从小做起"与本段主旨一致，能够总结该段内容。故选E。18．根据空前"TryacrosswordpuzzleorSudoku,readareallyjuicyromancenovelorgetthroughapileofpaperwork."试试填字游戏或数独游戏，读一本有趣的浪漫小说，或者处理一堆文书工作。可知，此处提到一些分散自己的注意力的方法。D.Boardyourflightwithplentyofdistractions"带着很多让你分心的东西登机"承接上文，为对上文内容的语意递进，符合语境，故选D。19．根据空前"Duringaroughflight,youmightbetotakeslow,deepbreathstocalmdown."在颠簸的飞行中，你可能需要缓慢地深呼吸来平静下来。可知，此处提到遇到气流时的颠簸飞行；以及空后"It'snearlyimpossibletostopyourfight-or-flightresponse,onceit'sbeentriggered."一旦你的"战或逃"反应被触发，你几乎不可能停止这种反应。说明你采取行为的结果。A.Butdon'ttrytostoptheexperience"但不要试图阻止这种体验"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。20．根据空前"Therearemedicationsprettyquicklytakingdownanxiety."有些药物能很快消除焦虑；以及空后"talkwithyourprimarycaredoctororapsychiatrist."与你的初级保健医生或精神科医生谈谈。可知，此处提到药物能很快消除焦虑。C.Ifyoudoneedmedicationtogetonaplane"如果你确实需要药物才能上飞机"承接上文，符合语境。故选C。【答案】21．B；22．A；23．B；24．A；25．D；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．B；30．D；31．A；32．C；33．A；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对烟花的看法，他认为烟花太吵了，他更喜欢看月亮，星星和萤火虫的光芒，他认为这些光芒能够让人感到温暖，让人们的心里充满喜悦。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：在7月1日之前，砰砰声响彻大地，又持续了三天。A.bounced"反弹"；B.resounded"回响"；C.ripened"成熟"；D.resigned"辞职"。根据上文"Ifeareditwasgoingtobeaterriblefireworkseasonthisyear."提到作者害怕烟花的季节；以及空后"andlastedthreemoredays."由此可知，此处应表示爆炸声响彻大地，并持续了三天多。故选B。22．句意：就在那时，一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，我看到了巨大的噪音是如何把我们的狗吓坏的。A.launched"举办"；B.assessed"评价"；C.canceled"取消"；D.assi