上海名校一模全真模拟卷02-新高考英语一轮总复习（上海专用）（解析版）VIP

PAGE1PAGE2上海名校一模全真模拟卷02（解析版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023·上海·七宝中学校考期中）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DearEasy,Iwouldn’tputtoomuchstockinwhatyour“literary”friendssay;theysoundlikebores.Whenitcomesdowntoit,peoplewhothinkaboutreadingintermsofwhat“counts”don’tseemtoactuallyenjoybooksallthatmuch.Theirmoralistic(说教的)gloomisevidentintheextent1readinghascometoresembleexercise,withreaderstrackingtheirword-countmetrics,tryingtoimprovetheirspeed.2somedisciplesofthisculturearequicktodismissaudiobooksasashortcut,theycannotseemtoagreeonwhy,exactly,listeningisaninferiorformofengagement.Somecitestudiesthathaveshownpeoplewholistentobooksretainlessthanthosewhoreadthem,which3(bind)upwithhowtemptingitistodootherthingswhilelistening.4insistthataudiobookseliminatethereader’sresponsibilitytointerpretthingslikeirony,tone,andinflection,giventhatthepersonontherecordingisdoingtheworkofconveyingtheemotionsinthebookforthem.Thelargerproblem,however,isinviewingbooksas5meanstosomeotherend.Manypeoplewhoaspiretoreadmorearemotivatedbythepromisethatdoingsowillpreventcognitivedecline,improvebrainconnectivity.Someassumethatthepurposeofreadingis6(absorb)knowledgeornuggetsoftriviathatonecanuseinordertodemonstratebeing“wellread”.I’dbewillingtobet,EasyListening,thatyourearliestexperienceswiththejoyofliteraturewereaural.Mostofuswerereadtobyadultsbeforewelearnedtoreadourselves,andlisteningtoaudiobooksrecallsthedistinctivedelightof7(tell)astory.Ifyou’relikemostpeopleIknow,youprobablyfinditdifficulttorecallthelasttimeabookregardlessof8youconsumedit—succeededinalteringyourconsciousness,suggestingthatmanybooksyou’veencounteredhavefailedtoliveuptotheirpotential.Myadvice,Easy,istobe9(discriminating)aboutthemediumandmorechoosyaboutthebooksyoupickup.Ifyoufindthatyourmindiswanderingorthatyou’renotabletofullyenterintotherealityofthenarrative,10(consider)thatthismightbeaproblemwiththecontent,notthemechanismthroughwhichyouareexperiencingit.Faithfully,Cloud【答案】1．towhich2．Although/Though/While3．isbound4．Others5．a6．toabsorb7．beingtold8．how9．lessdiscriminating10．consider【导语】这是一篇应用文。Cloud写信给Easy论述对于阅读的看法，Cloud认为那些认为阅读“有价值”的人似乎并不那么喜欢读书，并且更大的问题在于，人们将书籍视为达到其他目的的手段。对此Cloud的建议是对媒介不要那么挑剔，对你挑选的书要更有选择性。如果你发现自己走神了，或者无法完全进入故事的现实，那就考虑这可能是内容的问题，而不是你体验故事的机制。1．考查定语从句。句意：他们道德上的悲观情绪在某种程度上体现得很明显，阅读已经变得像锻炼一样，读者们跟踪自己的字数统计指标，试图提高阅读速度。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词extent，根据短语tosomeextent可知应用介词to，作介词的宾语，指物，故用which。故填towhich。2．考查状语从句。句意：尽管这种文化的一些信徒很快就将有声读物视为一种捷径，但他们似乎无法就为什么听是一种次等的参与形式达成一致。前后为转折关系，引导“让步状语从句”表示“尽管”应用although、though或while，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些人引用的研究表明，听书的人记忆力比读书的人差，这与人们在听书的同时做其他事情的诱惑力有关。短语beboundupwith表示“与……有密切关系”，此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填isbound。4．考查代词。句意：另一些人坚持认为，有声读物消除了读者解读反讽、语气和语调变化等内容的责任，因为录音的人正在为他们传达书中的情感。作主语，表示“其他人”应用others，与上文Somecitestudies构成some…others…，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Others。5．考查冠词。句意：然而，更大的问题在于，人们将书籍视为达到其他目的的一个手段。means此处为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。6．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人认为阅读的目的是吸收知识或鸡毛蒜皮的趣事，人们可以用这些来证明自己“读得不错”。说明purpose的内容，应用不定式作表语。故填toabsorb。7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们大多数人在学会自己阅读之前，都是大人给我们朗读的，听有声读物会让我们想起听人讲故事的独特乐趣。作介词的宾语，且tell与we构成被动关系，用beingdone形式。故填beingtold。8．考查宾语从句。句意：如果你和我认识的大多数人一样，你可能会发现，不管你是怎么读的，你都很难回忆起上一次一本书成功地改变了你的意识，这表明你遇到的许多书都没有发挥出它们的潜力。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how引导。故填how。9．考查比较级。句意：我的建议是，对媒介不要那么挑剔，对你挑选的书要更有选择性。根据后文“morechoosy”以及句意“不要那么挑剔”可知应用比较级，在discriminating前面加less。故填lessdiscriminating。10．考查祈使句。句意：如果你发现自己走神了，或者无法完全进入故事的现实，那就考虑这可能是内容的问题，而不是你体验故事的机制。此处为肯定祈使句，句首动词用原形。故填consider。SectionBDirections:（2022秋·上海嘉定·高三校考期中）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．adventure

B．carelessly

C．existence

D．exploit

E.inaccessibleF.minimized

G.reflects

H.responsible

I.accounts

J.visible

K.wildernessAntarcticaisthehighest,driestandcoldestplaceonEarth.Itisalsotheremotest,afactwhich11foritsunspoiledenvironment.Itiswidelydescribedasthelast12onourplanet.Thecoldclimateis13formaintainingthecontinent’syear-roundicefields.EventhoughAntarcticareceivesmoresunlightthantheequator(赤道),thetemperaturesarelowerbecausetheicesheet14theheatbackintospace.Forcenturies,Europeanswonderedaboutthe15ofaSouth-Polarcontinent,butnooneactuallyknewforcertainAntarcticawasthereuntil1820whenEuropeanexplorers“discovered”it.Sincethen,menhavegonetoAntarcticainsearchof16.Testingtheirabilities,severalteamsofexplorerssetoutin1911tobethefirstmentostandattheSouthPole.Oncecompletely17,Antarcticahasmorerecentlybeenplayinghosttoadventurersseekingforexcitement,scientistsinterestedinexperimenting,andcompanieslookingto18thiswildareaforprofit.Yet,Antarctica’sfragileandcomplicatedeco-systemisthreatenedbyitshumanvisitors.Damagetotheenvironmentoccursaspeoplecomelookingforresourcesbeneaththeice,or19leavetheirgarbagebehind.Currently,countriesareworkingtoensurethatthedamagetoAntarctica’senvironmentis20,andthatAntarcticawillremainanunspoiledplace.【答案】11．I12．K13．H14．G15．C16．A17．E18．D19．B20．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了南极洲是地球上最高、最干燥、最寒冷的地方。它也是最偏远的，这就解释了它未受污染的环境。它被广泛地描述为地球上最后的荒野。寒冷的气候维持了南极大陆全年的冰原。尽管南极洲比赤道接收到更多的阳光，但由于冰盖将热量反射回太空，那里的温度较低。11．考查动词短语。句意：它也是最偏远的，这就解释了它未受污染的环境。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中谓语动词的填入，结合空后介词for可知，该空应为动词短语accountsfor“解释”，满足句意要求。故选I项。12．考查名词。句意：它被广泛地描述为地球上最后的荒野。分析句子可知，空前为thelast形容词，此处应为名词形式，wilderness“荒野”为名词，符合句意。故选K项。13．考查固定短语。句意：寒冷的气候维持了南极大陆全年的冰原。分析句子可知，由空前is和空后for可知，此处为动词短语isresponsiblefor“对……负责”，满足句意要求。故选H项。14．考查动词。句意：尽管南极洲比赤道接收到更多的阳光，但由于冰盖将热量反射回太空，那里的温度较低。分析句子成分可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，reflects“反射”为动词，符合句意。故选G项。15．考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，欧洲人一直怀疑南极大陆的存在，但直到1820年欧洲探险家“发现”南极洲之前，没有人确切地知道南极洲的存在。分析句子可知，空前为定冠词the，所以该空格处应为名词形式，existence“存在”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。16．考查名词。句意：从那时起，人们就去南极洲探险。分析句子可知，空前为短语insearchof“为了寻找”，所以此处应为名词形式，adventure“冒险”为名词，符合句意。故选A项。17．考查形容词。句意：曾经完全无法进入的南极洲，最近成为寻求刺激的冒险家、对实验感兴趣的科学家和希望利用这片荒野获利的公司的家园。分析句子可知，空前completely为副词，此处应为形容词形式被该副词所修饰，inaccessible“无法进入的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。18．考查动词。句意：曾经完全无法进入的南极洲，最近成为寻求刺激的冒险家、对实验感兴趣的科学家和希望利用这片荒野获利的公司的家园。分析句子可知，空前为不定式to，所以此处应为动词原形，exploit“利用”为动词原形，符合句意。故选D项。19．考查副词。句意：当人们来到冰下寻找资源或不小心留下垃圾时，就会对环境造成破坏。分析句子可知，空后leave…behind为动词短语，所以此处应为副词修饰该动词短语，carelessly“粗心地；不注意地”为副词，符合句意。故选B项。20．考查形容词。句意：目前，各国正在努力确保对南极洲环境的破坏降到最低，并确保南极洲保持一个未受破坏的地方。分析句子可知，空前为is系动词，该空格处应为形容词形式作句子的表语成分，minimized“最小化的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。ReadingComprehension(21–35题，每题1分；36–50题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023秋·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）Climateexpertshavewarnedaboutthemanywaysawarmingplanetcannegativelyaffecthumanhealth.21globaltemperaturesarepredictedtoincreaseby1.5℃bythe2030s,thatriskisbecomingincreasinglyreal.Onelong-heldpredictionthatappearstobecomingtrue—accordingtotheresultsofastudyrecentlypublishedinNatureScientificReports—ishowclimatechangemightenhance22ofbacteriathatthriveandspreadthroughwarmseawatersandcauseaninfectionwithaparticularlyhigh23rate.Vibriovulnificus(创伤弧菌)flourishesinsaltyorbrackishwatersabove68℉.InfectionsarecurrentlyrareintheU.S.,butthat’slikelytochange.Using30yearsofdataoninfections,scientistsattheUniversityofEastAngliaintheU.K.foundthatVibriovulnificusis24fromitshistoricGulfCoastrange,withmoreNorthernstatesreportinginfectionsaswatersbecomewarmer.“We’reseeingthecore25ofinfectionsextendingtoareasthattraditionallyhaveveryfewandveryrarecases,”saysElizabethArcher,aPh.D．researcherand26authorofthestudy.“Buttheseareasarenowcomingintothemainareaofinfections.”Basedonthelatestdataonhowmuchtheworld’swaterandairtemperatureswillrise,thescientistspredictthatby2081,VibriovulnificusinfectionscouldreacheverystatealongtheU.S.EastCoast.Currently,onlyabout80casesarereportedintheU.S.eachyear;by2081,thatcouldgouptooverthree-fold,theauthorssay.Suchaproliferationcouldhaveserioushealthconsequences.Vibriovulnificuskillsapproximately20%ofthehealthypeopleitinfects,and50%ofthosewithweakenedimmunesystems.Thereislittleevidencethatantibioticscan27theinfection,butdoctorsmayprescribetheminsomecases.Peoplecangetinfectedeitherbyeatingrawshellfishlikeoystersorbyexposingsmall28towaterswherethebacterialive,whichcanleadtoseriousskininfections.Warmingseatemperaturesaren’ttheonlyreasonsbehindtheriseofVibriovulnificus.Hotterairalsodrawsmorepeopletothecoastsandbays,bringingthemintoclosercontactwiththebacteria.“Thebacteriaarepartofthenaturalmarineenvironment,soIdon’tthinkwecan29itfromtheenvironment,”saysArcher.“It’smoreaboutmitigatinginfectionsbyincreasing30oftherisk.”Toalertpeopletothegrowingthreat,31systemsareneededtotrackwhenconcentrationsofbacteriastarttorise,similartocurrentlyavailablepollenandpollutionalarm.Vbriovulnificusisso32totemperaturechangesthatconcentrationscouldbloomafterevenadayofwarmerwater,soconsistentmonitoringandalertsarecritical,saysIainLake,professorofenvironmentalepidemiologyatUniversityofEastAngliaandseniorauthorofthepaper.LakesaystheexpansionofVibriovulnificusisconcerningforpublichealthsincethebacteriaarenowinvadingwatersclosertoheavily33areas,suchasNewYorkandPhiladelphia.“EveryonecangetaVibriovulnificusinfection,”hesays.“Butthemore34thereisbetweenwarmerwatersandpeople,themorethebacteriacanmoveintopopulations35theelderlyandthosewithotherhealthconditions,whoaremorevulnerabletoinfections.”21．A．Evenif B．Exceptwhen C．Theinstant D．Incase22．A．numbers B．ranges C．coverages D．concentrations23．A．failure B．fatality C．survival D．acid24．A．ranging B．varying C．expanding D．shifting25．A．distribution B．launch C．community D．sample26．A．principle B．lead C．principal D．hit27．A．boost B．accelerate C．contain D．remove28．A．harms B．damages C．injuries D．wounds29．A．relieve B．dissolve C．resolve D．erase30．A．conscience B．awareness C．panic D．alert31．A．monitoring B．processing C．managing D．delivering32．A．sensible B．vital C．vulnerable D．sensitive33．A．populated B．dense C．paralleled D．bordered34．A．reaction B．interaction C．intervention D．relativity35．A．ratherthan B．exceptfor C．suchas D．otherthan【答案】21．C22．B23．B24．C25．A26．C27．D28．D29．D30．B31．A32．D33．B34．B35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为全球变暖，导致细菌的感染范围扩大，从而导致致死率特别高的感染。21．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：据预测，到2030年代，全球气温将立即上升1.5摄氏度，这种风险正变得越来越现实。A.Evenif即使；B.Exceptwhen除了当……时候；C.Theinstant一……就；D.Incase万一。根据后文“globaltemperaturesarepredictedtoincreaseby1.5℃bythe2030s”可知，这是会立即发生的事，所以应该用Theinstant引导。故选C项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近发表在《自然科学报告》(NatureScientificreports)上的一项研究结果，一个长期以来的预测似乎正在成为现实，即气候变化可能会扩大细菌的范围，这些细菌会在温暖的海水中繁殖和传播，并导致致死率特别高的感染。A.numbers数量；B.ranges范围；C.coverages保险范围；D.concentrations集中。根据后文“thriveandspreadthroughwarmseawaters”可知，细菌会在温暖的海水中繁殖和传播，所以是扩大细菌的范围。故选B项。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近发表在《自然科学报告》(NatureScientificreports)上的一项研究结果，一个长期以来的预测似乎正在成为现实，即气候变化可能会扩大细菌的范围，这些细菌会在温暖的海水中繁殖和传播，并导致致死率特别高的感染。A.failure失败；B.fatality(疾病的)致命性；C.survival生存；D.acid酸。根据后文“Vibriovulnificuskillsapproximately20%ofthehealthypeopleitinfects,and50%ofthosewithweakenedimmunesystems.”可知，细菌扩散会导致致死率特别高的感染。故选B项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：英国东安格利亚大学(UniversityofEastAnglia)的科学家利用30年的感染数据发现，创伤弧菌(Vibriovulnificusis)从其历史上的墨西哥湾沿岸范围扩张，随着海水变暖，越来越多的北部州报告感染。A.ranging变化；B.varying(使)多样化；C.expanding扩大；D.shifting转移。根据后文“withmoreNorthernstatesreportinginfectionsaswatersbecomewarmer.”可知，此处是指创伤弧从其历史上的墨西哥湾沿岸范围扩张。故选C项。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到感染的核心分布延伸到了传统上病例很少、非常罕见的地区。A.distribution分布；B.launch发射；C.community社区；D.sample样品。根据后文“Buttheseareasarenowcomingintothemainareaofinfections.”可知，这些地区现在正成为感染的主要地区，所以是感染的核心分布延伸到了这。故选A项。26．考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究的主要作者、博士伊丽莎白·阿彻(ElizabethArcher)说。A.principle原则；B.lead领先地位；C.principal主要的；D.hit击中。根据前文“scientistsattheUniversityofEastAngliaintheU.K”可知，这项研究是英国东安格利亚大学的科学家们一起做的，此处应用的应该是主要作者的话，符合实际。故选C项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎没有证据表明抗生素可以消除感染，但医生可能会在某些情况下开抗生素。A.boost促进；B.accelerate加快；C.contain包含；D.remove去除。根据前文“Thereislittleevidence”，以及后文“butdoctorsmayprescribetheminsomecases.”可知，此处应是“没有证据表明抗生素可以消除感染”之意符合语境。故选D项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们可以通过食用生的贝类(如牡蛎)或将小伤口暴露在细菌生活的水中而感染，这可能导致严重的皮肤感染。A.harms伤害；B.damages损坏；C.injuries伤害；D.wounds伤口。根据后文“waterswherethebacterialive,whichcanleadtoseriousskininfections”结合常识，应是伤口暴露在细菌生活的水中而感染符合实际。故选D项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：细菌是自然海洋环境的一部分，所以我认为我们不能把它从环境中抹去。A.relieve解除；B.dissolve使溶解；C.resolve解决；D.erase清除。根据前文“Thebacteriaarepartofthenaturalmarineenvironment”可知，细菌是自然的一部分，不能把它从环境中清除。故选D项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更多的是通过提高对风险的认识来减轻感染。A.conscience良心；B.awareness意识；C.panic恐慌；D.alert警报。根据前文“It’smoreaboutmitigatinginfections”结合选项可知，应是提高对风险的认识来减轻感染符合语境。故选B项。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了提醒人们注意日益严重的威胁，需要监测系统来跟踪细菌浓度何时开始上升，类似于目前可用的花粉和污染警报。A.monitoring监视；B.processing处理；C.managing管理；D.delivering递送。根据后文“trackwhenconcentrationsofbacteriastarttorise,similartocurrentlyavailablepollenandpollutionalarm.”可知，是一个来跟踪细菌浓度何时开始上升的系统，应该是监测系统。故选A项。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该论文的资深作者、东安格利亚大学(UniversityofEastAnglia)环境流行病学教授伊恩·莱克(IainLake)说，创伤弧菌对温度变化非常敏感，甚至在水温升高一天后，其浓度就会爆发，因此持续的监测和警报至关重要。A.sensible明智的；B.vital至关重要的；C.vulnerable脆弱的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据后文“concentrationscouldbloomafterevenadayofwarmerwater”可知，在水温升高一天后，其浓度就会爆发，所以对温度变化是敏感的。故选D项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莱克说，创伤弧菌的扩张对公众健康造成了影响，因为这种细菌现在正在侵入更靠近人口稠密地区的水域，比如纽约和费城。A.populated有人口居住的；B.dense密集的；C.paralleled平行的；D.bordered有边的。根据后文的举例“suchasNewYorkandPhiladelphia.”可知，这两个城市都是人口稠密地区。故选B项。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，温暖的海水和人之间的互动越多，细菌就越容易进入老年人和其他健康状况不佳的人群，这些人群更容易受到感染。A.reaction反应；B.interaction相互影响；C.intervention干预；D.relativity相对性。根据后文“themorethebacteriacanmoveintopopulations”可知，应是海水和人之间的互动越多，细菌就越容易进入人群。故选B项。35．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但是，温暖的海水和人之间的互动越多，细菌就越容易进入老年人和其他健康状况不佳的人群，这些人群更容易受到感染。A.ratherthan而不是；B.exceptfor除了；C.

suchas例如；D.otherthan不同于。根据后文“theelderlyandthosewithotherhealthconditions”可知，这里是举具体的例子。故选C项。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）（2022秋·上海嘉定·高三校考期中）①Whatdoesitsayaboutthefutureofmeatwhenthecountry’slargestprocessorofchicken,pork,andbeefbuysastake(股份)inastart-upthataimsto“perfectlyreplaceanimalproteinwithplantprotein”?②TysonFoodsannouncedthisweekthatitpurchaseda5percentstakeinBeyondMeat,theSouthernCalifornia-basedfood-techstart-upthatmadeheadlinesearlierthisyearwithitsveggieburgerthatreportedlycooksandtasteslikerealbeef.③Tobesure,BeyondMeat’smeatlesscreationshaveyettotakethecountrybystorm.Althoughthe100percentplant-basedburgershaveachievedplentyofpositivepresssincetheyappearedforthefirsttimeinMay,sofarthey’reonlyavailableatWholeFoodsstoresinsevenstates.Eventhoughthecompany’s“chicken”strips,“beef”pies,andmeatlessfrozendinnersareavailablenationwide,BeyondMeatishardlyahouseholdname.④ThatmaybewhatmakesthenewsofTyson’sinvestmentallthemorenoteworthy.Whilethetwocompaniesdeclinedtogivedetailsaboutthedeal,it’sdoubtfulthatTyson’s5percentstakemademuchofdent(凹陷)inthemeatgiant’scoffers(金库).Thecompanyposted$41.4billioninsaleslastyear;priortothedealwithTyson,BeyondMeathadreportedlyraised$64millioninprojectcapitalfunding—aboutwhatTysonearnsbeforelunchonanygivenday.⑤Tysonisdoingprettygreat.Thecompanyreportedrecordthird-quarterearningspershareinAugustandsaysthatitexpectsoverallmeatproductiontoincrease2to3percentduringthenextfinancialyear.Butlikeabigoilcompanyshellingoutcashtoinvestinwindpower,Tyson’stoe-in-the-watermovetoteamupwithastart-updevotedtobringingmoreplant-basedproteintoAmericandinnertablesseemstosuggestthemeatindustryisstartingtoseewhichwaythewindsareblowing.⑥Salesofplant-basedprotein,whichtotaledanestimated$5billionlastyear,continuetopalecomparedwiththemarketformeatinAmerica—butvegetarianalternativestomeatarebooming,withsalesgrowingatmorethandoubletherateforfoodproductsoverall.Thesteadydrumbeatofnewsaboutthenegativehealthimpacts,environmentalproblems,andanimalwelfareconcernsassociatedwithmeatconsumptionappearstobesinkingin.AccordingtoasurveyreleasedinApril,morethanhalfofAmericanssurveyedsaidtheyplantoeatmoreplant-basedfoodsinthecomingyear.36．BeyondMeat’sveggieburgermadeheadlinesprobablybecause________.A．itmakesperfectuseofanimalproteinB．ituseshightechinthemakingprocessC．ittastesasgoodasagenuinebeefburgerD．itrepresentsthediettrendinSouthCalifornia37．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEregardingthestateofBeyondMeat?A．Itisthecreatorofthecountry’sfirst100percentplant-basedburgers.B．Ithasbeenwellreceivedasitsproductsareavailablenationwide.C．ItisfarfrombeingamatchtorealfoodprocessinggiantslikeTyson.D．Itprovideshigh-qualitydiningexperienceinselectedWholeFoodsstores.38．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A．ThepurchaseofthestakebarelycostsathingforTyson.B．The5percentstakeinBeyondMeatmeansalottoTyson.C．Tyson’sinvestmenthasn’tcaughttheattentionofthemediaasexpected.D．Tysonisrelyingonthisinvestmenttoraisemoreprojectcapitalfunding.39．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Meatwillstilltakeoverthemarketinspiteofotheralternatives.B．AmajorAmericanmeatcompanyisbettingonplant-basedprotein.C．TysonandBeyondMeatworktogethertobuildaglobalmeatgiant.D．Plantshavebeenfoundtocontainproteinthatdoesmoregoodtohumanbeings.【答案】36．C37．C38．A39．B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述美国最大的肉类加工商TysonFoods加盟了一家叫做BeyondMeat的初创公司，BeyondMeat旨在用植物蛋白完美替代动物蛋白为大家生产无肉产品，以及这家公司产品目前的经营情况。36．细节理解题。根据第二段“TysonFoodsannouncedthisweekthatitpurchaseda5percentstakeinBeyondMeat,theSouthernCalifornia-basedfood-techstart-upthatmadeheadlinesearlierthisyearwithitsveggieburgerthatreportedlycooksandtasteslikerealbeef.(泰森食品公司本周宣布，它收购了BeyondMeat公司5%的股份。BeyondMeat是一家总部位于南加州的食品科技初创公司，今年早些时候，这家公司因其素食汉堡而登上头条，据报道，这款汉堡的烹饪和味道都像真正的牛肉)”可知，BeyondMeat的素食汉堡成为头条是因为这款汉堡的味道和真正的牛肉汉堡一样。故选C。37．细节理解题。根据第四段“priortothedealwithTyson,BeyondMeathadreportedlyraised$64millioninprojectcapitalfunding—aboutwhatTysonearnsbeforelunchonanygivenday.(据报道，在与泰森食品达成交易之前，BeyondMeat已经筹集了6400万美元的项目资本资金——这相当于泰森食品在任何一天午餐前的收入)”可知，BeyondMeat筹集的项目资金6400万美元仅仅是泰森食品一天午餐前的收入，由此可知BeyondMeat的规模远远不及TysonFoods，即BeyondMeat不能与BeyondFoods相提并论。故选C。38．推理判断题。根据第四段“it’sdoubtfulthatTyson’s5percentstakemademuchofdentinthemeatgiant’scoffers(但令人怀疑的是，泰森食品持有的5%股份是否为这家肉类巨头财务带来很大的财务空缺)”和“priortothedealwithTyson,BeyondMeathadreportedlyraised$64millioninprojectcapitalfunding—aboutwhatTysonearnsbeforelunchonanygivenday.(据报道，在与泰森食品达成交易之前，BeyondMeat已经筹集了6400万美元的项目资本资金——这相当于泰森食品在任何一天午餐前的收入)”可知，BeyondMeat筹集的项目资金6400万美元仅仅是泰森食品一天午餐前的收入，可得出泰森食品持有的5%股份不会造成很大的财务亏空，即对于泰森食品公司来说，收购BeyondMeat并未花费很多钱。故选A。39．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whatdoesitsayaboutthefutureofmeatwhenthecountry’slargestprocessorofchicken,pork,andbeefbuysastake(股份)inastart-upthataimsto“perfectlyreplaceanimalproteinwithplantprotein”?(当中国最大的鸡肉、猪肉和牛肉加工商入股一家旨在“用植物蛋白完美替代动物蛋白”的初创企业时，这说明了肉类的未来是什么)”可知，最大的肉类加工公司TysonFoods入股生产无肉产品的初创企业BeyondMeat意味着Tyson要重点投资植物蛋白这种无肉产品。故选B。（B）（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）Ifyousearchtheinternetthesedays,you’lllikelyrunacrosssomestrange-looking,yetcheerfulcartooncharacters.Thesecomputer-createdpeoplehavesmallheadsandoverdonebodies.They’recreatedindaringcolorwitharmsandlegsthatlooklikegiantwetnoodles.Thehappyfiguresareoftenmovingordoingsomethingcreative.In2017Facebookpaidadesignteamtodevelopapositiveillustrationsystem.Oneofthedesignerstookthatmessagetoheart.Sheworkedtoshowhumanconnection,motion,energyandjoyinherdrawings.She“wantedtopicturethatsenseofjoypeoplefeelwhenthey’resharingthingstogether”Thenamewhichwasgiventothenewartformwhenitwascompletedwasveryappropriate.TheynameditAlegria,whichmeansjoyinSpanish.BeforelongAlegriabecamethego-tostyleformanytechnologyandmediabusinesses.CorporationssuchasGoogle,AirbnbandYouTubebeganusingAlegriaorartwithAlegria-typesimilarities.TodayyoucanfindAlegriaartacrosstheinternet,inprint,onmagazinecoversandmore.WhydidAlegriaartbecomepopularsoquickly?Therearemanyreasons.Aswebsitesdependedonillustrationstofillspace,Alegria-typeartbecameincreasinglyuseful.Thestyleisflat,simpleandeasytocreate.Bycomparison,moredetailedartdesignsrequireextratime,skillandmoneytoproduce.BusinessesalsolovethefactthatAlegria’scharacterscelebratediversitybyfeaturinginternationalculturalevents.Theillustrationsconveygoodfeelings.Thosefeelingshelppeoplebelievetheycantrustthecompaniesthatfeaturethemontheirpages.Forsomeconsumers,though,that’saproblem.Thesepeoplethinksomecompanieshavesimplypaperedovertheirproblemswithpositiveimages.They’vefailedtoaddresstheirwrongdoingsormakelastingchanges.Formany,however,Alegriaisanicevisuallanguagethatrepresentshappiness.Fromchildrenhuggingtocouplesdancing,theimagesareallaboutpositiveenergy.Allinall,itseemsthatAlegriaistheperfectnameofthisplayful,funartstyle.40．WhichofthefollowingfeaturesmakesAlegriaartstylesowellreceivedquickly?A．Itscheerfulroom-fillingimages.B．Itstrustworthyfigures.C．Itsroleasculturalrepresentatives.D．Itseye-catchingdetails.41．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A．AlegriaimagesmayhelphidefaultsB．positiveimagesconveyfunnymessagesC．illustrationscanbeaudioinsomewayD．small-sizedcartooncharactersenjoypopularity42．Alegriaisthoughtastheperfectnamefortheartstylebecauseofits______.A．systemandcreativity B．technologyandimpactC．popularityandprofit D．meaningandfunction【答案】40．A41．A42．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了Alegria艺术风格作品。40．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Ifyousearchtheinternetthesedays,you’lllikelyrunacrosssomestrange-looking,yetcheerfulcartooncharacters.(如果你这些天在网上搜索，你很可能会遇到一些长相奇怪但又很快乐的卡通人物)”可知，该艺术风格的作品拥有快乐的卡通人物形象；根据第三段前三句“WhydidAlegriaartbecomepopularsoquickly?Therearemanyreasons.Aswebsitesdependedonillustrationstofillspace,Alegria-typeartbecameincreasinglyuseful.(为什么Alegria艺术如此迅速地流行起来？原因有很多。随着网站依赖插图来填补空间，阿莱格里亚类型的艺术变得越来越有用)”可知，该艺术风格的作品在填补空间方面很起作用，这是它流行起来的原因。基于以上内容可推断出该艺术风格被迅速接受的原因是它的作品形象很快乐，又能有效填补空间。故选A项。41．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Thesepeoplethinksomecompanieshavesimplypaperedovertheirproblemswithpositiveimages.(这些人认为一些公司只是用正面形象掩盖了他们的问题)”可知，该艺术风格的形象可能能帮助掩盖问题，即掩盖错误。故选A项。42．细节理解题。根据第二段第六句“TheynameditAlegria,whichmeansjoyinSpanish.(他们将它命名为Alegria，在西班牙语中意思是开心)”和最后一段后三句“Formany,however,Alegriaisanicevisuallanguagethatrepresentshappiness.Fromchildrenhuggingtocouplesdancing,theimagesareallaboutpositiveenergy.Allinall,itseemsthatAlegriaistheperfectnameofthisplayful,funartstyle.(然而，对许多人来说，阿莱格里亚语是一种很好的视觉语言，代表着幸福。从孩子们拥抱到情侣们跳舞，这些画面都是关于正能量的。总而言之，Alegria似乎是这种有趣好玩的艺术风格的完美名字)”可知，这个名字所呈现的含义和这种艺术风格的形象具有的功能是一致的。故选D项。（C）（2023秋·上海·高三上海市大同中学校考开学考试）Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-equippedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,seeminglybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajobortheywouldsaythattheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Infact,theyfeeldesperateastheyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetter