上海名校第一次月考预测卷-新高考英语一轮总复习（上海专用）（解析版）

PAGE1PAGE2上海名校第一次月考预测卷（解析版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023春·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Wikipediahascomealongwaysinceitstartedin2001.Witharound70,000volunteerseditinginover100languages,itisbyfartheworld’s1(popular)referencesite.However,itsfutureisuncertain.Oneofthebiggestthreatsitfacesistheriseofsmartphones2thedominantpersonalcomputingdevice.Wikipediahasalwaysdependedoncontributors(撰稿人)whohunchoverkeyboards3(search)forreferences,discussingchangesandwritingarticleswithaspecialcode.It’ssimplytoohardtousecomplexcodeonatinyscreen.ThepoolofpotentialWikipediaeditors4dryupasthenumberofmobileuserskeepsgrowing.ThenonprofitWikimediaFoundation,5oversees(监督)Wikipedia’soperations,6(look)forsolutionsforawhile.Forinstance,thedevelopmentoftouch-screentoolsallowseditorstosiftthrough(筛选)informationandsharecontentfromtheirphones.Thetensionrunsthroughthecommunity.Lastyear,thefoundationtookunprecedentedstepsofforcingtheinstallationofnewsoftwareontheGerman-languageWikipedia.TheGermaneditors7(show)theirindependencebyresistinganearlierupdatetothesite’suserinterface(界面).8thewishesoftheseexperiencededitors,thefoundationinstalledanewmethodforviewingmultimediacontentandthensetupa“superprotect”feature9(prevent)stubbornadministratorsfromchangingitback.Couldthepressurefrommobileusers,andtheinternaltension,tearWikipediaapart?Aworldwithoutitseemsunimaginable,butconsiderthefateofotheronlinecommunities.Blogging,celebratedadecadeagoaspioneeringanexcitingnewformofpersonalwriting,hasdecreasedsignificantlyinthesocial-mediaage.Thesearechallenges,buttheycanstill10(solve).ThereisnoothersignificantalternativetoWikipedia,andgoodwilltowardtheprojectcouldhardlybehigher.Inanageofinternetgiants,theselflessnessofwebsitesisworthsaving.【答案】1．mostpopular2．as3．searching4．could5．which6．islooking7．hadshown8．Against9．toprevent10．besolved【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了维基百科（Wikipedia）当前面临的危机和挑战，希望维基百科能够得到拯救。1．考查形容词。句意：它是迄今为止全世界最受欢迎的参考网站，有大约七万名志愿者用100多种语言对其进行编辑。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰referencesite，根据句意和定冠词the，此处应使用形容词的最高级，popular为多音节词，其最高级为mostpopular。故填mostpopular2．考查介词。句意：维基百科面临的最大威胁之一是作为主导地位的个人计算设备的智能手机的崛起。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词，与空后的名词构成介宾短语作定语修饰smartphones，结合句意可知，此处表示“成为，作为”为as符合句意。故填as。3．考查非谓语动词。句意：维基百科一直依赖于贡献者，他们弯腰在键盘上搜索参考文献，讨论更改并使用特殊代码撰写文章。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词，且该空与其后面的discussing和writing为并列结构，与逻辑主语contributors是主动关系。故填searching。4．考查情态动词。句意：随着移动用户人数持续增加，潜在的维基百科编辑群可能会消失。分析句子结构可知，此处应与dryup构成句子的谓语，根据空后为动词原形可推断，此处应为情态动词，结合句意，此处表示逻辑上的可能性，且可能性较小。故填could。5．考查定语从句。句意：非营利性的维基媒体基金会(WikimediaFoundation)负责维基百科的运行，该基金会正在研究解决办法。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰ThenonprofitWikimediaFoundation，从句中缺少主语，且先行词指物。故填which。6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：非营利性的维基媒体基金会(WikimediaFoundation)负责维基百科的运行，该基金会正在研究解决办法。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据从句中的谓语动词oversees可知，此处应用现在时态，结合句意，此处表示动作正在进行，所以使用现在进行时态，句子主语thenonprofitWikimediaFoundation为第三人称单数，与lookfor为主动关系。故填islooking。7．考查谓语动词。句意：德国编辑通过抵制早期对网站用户界面的更新表明他们的独立性。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据上文中的“thefoundationtookunprecedentedsteps”可知，此处为过去时态，结合句意可知，show发生在took之前，所以应使用过去完成时态，且与主语为主动关系。故填hadshown。8．考查介词。句意：基金会不顾资深编辑的意愿，安装了一种查看多媒体内容的新方式，后来又设置了一种“超级保护”功能，阻止那些不愿屈服的管理员改回从前版本。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词与空后的名词短语构成介词短语作状语，结合句意可知，此处为against意为“与……相反，违反”符合句意，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Against。9．考查非谓语动词。句意：基金会不顾资深编辑的意愿，安装了一种查看多媒体内容的新方式，后来又设置了一种“超级保护”功能，阻止那些不愿屈服的管理员改回从前版本。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表目的，所以使用不定式形式，且prevent与逻辑主语thefoundation间为主动关系。故填toprevent。10．考查被动语态。句意：尽管有些挑战，这些仍可以解决。分析句子结构可知，情态动词后为动词原形，且该动词与主语they间为被动关系。故填besolved。SectionBDirections:（2023春·上海杨浦·高三上海市杨浦高级中学校考阶段练习）Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．liveB．adaptedC．perspectiveD．maximizeE.costumesF.injectG.creditedH.directorialI.publicityJ.prospectK.integratedYoungChineseoperadirectorbroadenstraditionalartform“Chineseoperaartislikeahugesponge,constantlyabsorbing,transforming,mergingandflourishing,”saystraditionalChineseoperadirectorLiZhuoqun,whois11withcreatingamarketfortraditionaloperashowsinsmalltheatersacrossChina.Performedin2013,LiZhuoqun’sfirst12work“DeathDoUsPart”isastory13fromthe14th-centuryChineseclassicnovel“WaterMargin”.Li,agraduateoftheNationalAcademyofChineseTheaterArts,saysthatperformingthisclassicpiecefortoday’saudienceisanexperimentandachallenge.“Wedecidedtoshortenthedivorcescenethatlastedfourorfivedaysinorderto14theeffectofourvocalsanddramaticperformances.Wealsoinvitedmoderndancerstoworkwithus.We15theperformancemethodsoftraditionaloperawiththerhythmofmodemdance.”Lidefinesherteamas“small,deep,refinedandbroad”.Sheexplained,“‘Small’initssize,volumeand16.‘Deep’referstoourperformanceandthedepthofthescript.‘Refined’referstotheproductionofthe17makeup,props,soundandlight.‘Broad’referstoits18andoperation.”“Wetargetallagesandawideraudience.”ToLi,traditionaloperais“theartofregret”duetotheuniquecharmof19performances.Sheaimstoallowtheaudiencetoenjoyeveryminuteoftheshowanddrawmorepeopletothetheater.Lisaid,“Wehopetofindapossibilityforsmalltheateroperatomakeabreakthroughintermsofthemarketandtargetaudience.Withthedevelopmentofaesthetics(审美)andsociety,ourgenerationneedsto20awiderandmorevariedartisticvocabularyintotraditionalopera.Yetitshouldstilldeveloponthebasisofmaintainingthecharacteristicsoftraditionalopera.”【答案】11．G12．H13．B14．D15．K16．C17．E18．I19．A20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国戏曲青年导演拓宽了传统艺术形式。11．考查动词。句意：“中国戏曲艺术就像一块巨大的海绵，不断地吸收、改造、融合和繁荣，”中国传统戏曲导演李卓群说，他被认为为中国各地的小剧场创造了传统戏曲表演市场。根据句意可知，此处表示“被认为”，credited符合句意，与空前is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选G。12．考查形容词。句意：2013年，李卓群导演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改编自14世纪中国经典小说《水浒传》。根据句意可知，此处表示“导演的”，directorial符合句意，修饰名词work，作定语。故选H。13．考查非谓语动词。句意：2013年，李卓群导演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改编自14世纪中国经典小说《水浒传》。根据句意可知，此处表示“改编”，adapted符合句意，属于过去分词，作后置定语。故选B。14．考查动词。句意：为了最大限度地发挥我们的声音和戏剧效果，我们决定缩短4、5天的离婚场面。根据句意可知，此处表示“使增加到最大限度”，maximize符合句意，固定搭配inordertodosth.，空处使用动词原形。故选D。15．考查动词。句意：我们将传统戏曲的表演方法与现代舞的节奏相结合。根据句意可知，此处表示“（使）合并，成为一体”，integrated符合句意，此处是一般过去时。故选K。16．考查名词。句意：“小”是指它的大小、体积和视角。根据句意可知，此处表示“视角”，perspective符合句意。故选C。17．考查名词。句意：“精致”指的是服装、化妆、道具、声光的制作。根据句意可知，此处表示“服装”，costumes符合句意。故选E。18．考查名词。句意：“广”指的是宣传和经营。根据句意可知，此处表示“宣传”，publicity符合句意。故选I。19．考查形容词。句意：对李来说，由于现场表演的独特魅力，传统戏曲是“遗憾的艺术”。根据句意可知，此处表示“现场的”，live符合句意，修饰名词performances，作定语。故选A。20．考查动词。句意：随着审美和社会的发展，我们这代人需要为传统戏曲注入更广泛、更丰富的艺术词汇。根据句意可知，此处表示“注入”，inject符合句意，固定搭配needtodo，空处使用动词原形。故选F。ReadingComprehension(21–35题，每题1分；36–50题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023·上海·上海市复兴高级中学校考模拟预测）Humanbeingshavesomehowmanagedtoengineerthenighttoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.Thiskindofcontrolisnodifferentfromthefeat(壮举)ofdammingariver.Itsbenefitscomewith21—calledlightpollution—whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign.22lightingwashesoutthedarknessofnight,alteringlightlevelsandlightrhythmstowhichmanyformsoflife,includingourselves,have23.Whereverman-madelightspillsintothenaturalworld,someaspectsoflife-migration,reproduction,feeding-isaffected.Formosthumanhistory,thephrase“lightpollution”wouldhave24.ImaginewalkingtowardsLondononamoonlitnightaround1800,whenitwasEarth’smostpopulouscity.Nearlyamillionpeoplelivedthere,25candles,torchesandlanterns,astheyalwayshad.Onlyafewhouseswerelitbygas,andtherewouldbenopublicgaslightsinthestreetsorsquaresforanothersevenyears.Fromafewmilesaway,youwouldhavebeenmorelikelyto26Londonthantoseeitsdimcollectiveglow.We’velitupthenightasifitwerea(n)27country.Asamatteroffact,amongmammals(哺乳动物)alone,thenumberofspeciesactiveatnightisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnetattractingthemtoit.Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing28bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms,circlingandcirclinginthethousandsuntiltheydrop.Itwasoncethoughtthatlightpollutiononlyaffectedastronomers,whoneedtoseethenightskyinallitsgloriousclarity.Unlikeastronomers,mostofusmaynotneeda29viewofthenightskyforourwork.30,likemostothercreatures,wedoneeddarkness.31darknessispointless.Itisasessentialtomaintainingourbiologicalwelfareas32itself;thepriceofmodifyingourinternalclockworkmeansitdoesn’toperateasitshould,causingvariousphysicaldiscomforts.Sofundamentalaretheregularrhythmsofwakingandsleeptoourbeingthat33themissimilartoalteringourcenterofgravity.Inaveryrealsense,lightpollutioncausesusto34ourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbest35againstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxy—archingoverhead.21．A．consequences B．achievements C．agreements D．circumstances22．A．Randomly-designedB．Well-designed C．Poorly-designed D．Economically-designed23．A．appealed B．adapted C．objected D．amounted24．A．comeundercriticism B．madenodifference C．comeintoeffect D．madenosense25．A．makingdowith B．fedupwith C．identifyingwith D．overflowingwith26．A．visit B．greet C．feel D．smell27．A．independent B．disconnected C．unoccupied D．excluded28．A．exposed B．captured C．dismissed D．frustrated29．A．clear B．comprehensive C．traditional D．critical30．A．Subsequently B．However C．Therefore D．Similarly31．A．Reviewing B．Embracing C．Denying D．Regulating32．A．light B．rhythm C．status D．dawn33．A．emergingfrom B．withdrawingfrom C．messingwith D．coincidingwith34．A．keeptrackof B．losesightof C．catchholdof D．letgoof35．A．measured B．neutralized C．undergone D．supervised【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．A26．D27．C28．B29．A30．B31．C32．A33．C34．B35．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为人类照明导致的光污染相关情况。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的好处伴随着被称为光污染的后果，科学家们现在才开始研究光污染的影响。A.consequences结果；B.achievements成就；C.agreement同意；D.circumstances情况。根据下文“lightpollution(光污染)”可知，这是人类黑夜使用灯光造成的结果。故选A项。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拙劣设计的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改变包括我们在内的许多生命形式所适应的光线水平和光线节奏。A.Randomly-designed随意设计的；B.Well-designed好好设计的；C.Poorly-designed拙劣设计的；D.Economically-designed经济实惠设计的。根据上文“Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign.(光污染在很大程度上是不良照明设计的结果)”可知，本文探讨的光污染与不良照明设计关系密切，即拙劣设计的照明。故选C项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拙劣设计的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改变包括我们在内的许多生命形式所适应的光线水平和光线节奏。A.appealed呼吁；B.adapted使适应；C.objected反对；D.amounted共计。根据上文“alteringlightlevelsandlightrhythms(改变光线水平和光线节奏)”可推测，发生改变的是大家习以为常的光线水平和节奏，而动词搭配adaptto意为“使适应”，此处表示人们以及适应的光线水平和节奏被改变，符合语境。故选B项。24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于大多数人类历史而言，“光污染”这一短语毫无意义。A.comeundercriticism遭受批评；B.madenodifference没区别；C.comeintoeffect生效；D.madenosense没意义。根据下文“ImaginewalkingtowardsLondononamoonlitnightaround1800,whenitwasEarth’smostpopulouscity.(想象一下，大概在1800年，在一个月明的夜晚走向伦敦这个地球上人口最多的城市)”可知，人类历史上很长一段时间大家并没意识到光污染这件事情，因此“光污染”这一短语毫无意义。故选D项。25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：近一百万人住在那里，像往常一样，凑合着使用蜡烛、火把和灯笼。A.makingdowith凑合着用；B.fedupwith使对……厌烦；C.identifyingwith认同；D.overflowingwith充满。根据下文“Onlyafewhouseswerelitbygas(只有几所房子被煤气点亮)”可知，许多家庭无法使用煤气灯，凑合使用蜡烛等照明。故选A项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几英里之外，你更可能闻到伦敦的味道，而不是看到它暗淡的集体光芒。A.visit参观；B.greet打招呼；C.feel感受；D.smell闻。根据上文“candles,torchesandlanterns(蜡烛、火把和灯笼)”和“gas(煤气)”可知，这些照明方式有很重的气味，可能先闻到气味才能看见灯光。故选D项。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们点亮了夜晚，仿佛这是一个无人居住的国家。A.independent独立的；B.disconnected不连贯的；C.unoccupied空置的；D.excluded排除在外的。根据下文“Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnetattractingthemtoit.(光是一种强大的生物力，对许多物种来说，它就像一块磁铁，吸引着它们)”可知，因为照明的灯光，夜晚不再是原本意义上的夜晚，生物物种都被照明灯光吸引，不在身处黑夜，故可将这样的夜晚比喻成没有物种，空置的地方。故选C项。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种效应是如此强大，以至于科学家们说，鸣禽和海鸟被陆地上的探照灯或海洋石油平台上的废气燃烧器所捕获，数千只在空中盘旋，直到坠落。A.exposed暴露；B.captured捕获；C.dismissed解雇；D.frustrated使受挫。根据上文“Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnetattractingthemtoit.(光是一种强大的生物力，对许多物种来说，它就像一块磁铁，吸引着它们)”可知，这些鸣禽海鸟被陆地上的探照灯或海洋石油平台上的废气燃烧器产生的灯光吸引，最终掉落，可以比喻为被捕获。故选B项。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与天文学家不同，我们大多数人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空。A.clear清楚的；B.comprehensive全面的；C.traditional传统的；D.critical批评的。根据上文“Itwasoncethoughtthatlightpollutiononlyaffectedastronomers,whoneedtoseethenightskyinallitsgloriousclarity.(曾经有人认为光污染只会影响天文学家，他们需要看到夜空的明亮)”可知，此处把天文学家和大多数普通人作对比，天文学家需要清晰的夜空，而普通人不需要。故选A项。30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，和大多数生物一样，我们的确需要黑暗。A.Subsequently随后；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Similarly相似地。根据上文“Unlikeastronomers,mostofusmaynotneedaclearviewofthenightskyforourwork.(与天文学家不同，我们大多数人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空)”可知，这与下文“我们的确需要黑暗”形成转折关系。故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：否认黑暗是无意义的。A.Reviewing复习；B.Embracing拥抱；C.Denying否认；D.Regulating调节。根据下文“Itisasessentialtomaintainingourbiologicalwelfareaslightitself(它对维持我们的生物福利和光本身一样重要)”可知，此处it指代的“黑暗”本身对我们生物而言很重要，和光线一样必不可少，因此我们不能否认它。故选C项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它就像光本身一样，对维持我们的生物福利至关重要；改变我们体内生物钟的代价意味着它不能正常工作，导致各种身体不适。A.light光；B.rhythm节奏；C.status身份；D.dawn黎明。根据上文“Denyingdarknessispointless.(否认黑暗是无意义的)”可知，前后两句在对比黑暗和光线，二者一样重要，空格处应该填light“光”。故选A项。33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：清醒和睡眠的规律对我们来说是如此的基本，以至于打乱它们就像改变我们的重心。A.emergingfrom来自；B.withdrawingfrom从……中退出；C.messingwith打乱；D.coincidingwith与……一致。根据上文“thepriceofmodifyingourinternalclockworkmeansitdoesn’toperateasitshould,causingvariousphysicaldiscomforts.(修改我们内部时钟的代价意味着它不能正常工作，导致各种身体不适)”可知，修改内部时钟即意味着打乱清醒和睡眠的节奏。故选C项。34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从某种非常实际的意义上来说，光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模，而衡量人类位置和规模的最佳对照就是悬拱于头顶、处在星系边缘的银河所在的幽深夜空。A.keeptrackof了解……的动态；B.losesightof看不见；C.catchholdof抓住；D.letgoof放开。根据下文“ourtrueplaceintheuniverse(我们在宇宙中的真实位置)”可知，位置是需要用眼睛看的，而光污染使我们看不清天空，故也看不见我们在宇宙中的位置。故选B项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从某种非常实际的意义上来说，光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模，而衡量人类位置和规模的最佳对照就是悬拱于头顶、处在星系边缘的银河所在的幽深夜空。A.measured衡量；B.neutralized使无效；C.undergone经受；D.supervised监督。根据上文“lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing(光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模)”可知，此处所提到的“我们在宇宙中的真实位置”以及“我们人类存在的规模”都是我们应该清楚的东西，而清楚的方式就是用黑夜来进行对比，词组measureagainst意为“使相比较，衡量”符合语境。故选A项。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）DearDoggyDiaryMONDAYNowwe’vesurelygotallwerequireforthepuppy’sarrival:abasket,ascreamingtoybananaandabagofdogfood.Fornames,wearehesitatingbetweenSpikeorLenny—but,asItellthislisttoaBlackfriend,IsuddenlyrealizebothnamesareassociatedwithfamousBlackmen,andpanicthatthisisalittleoffence.TUESDAYOurfriendSamhaskindlyvolunteeredto“puppyproof”ourhome.“Youdon’twanttogivehimthatscreamingtoy,that’sencouraginghimtoeatyoursofa,”shesays,inspectingourpurchasesdisapprovingly.Shehandsusabook,byDrIanDunbar.“Thisguy”,sheassuresus,“isaSuperBabysitterfordogs.”WEDNESDAYSpentlastnight______57______Dunbarhasplentyofwisdomon“positivelycommunicating”withthepuppy,butnothingonhowtogetapuppyandalsotwoyoungchildren.THURSDAYD-Day.Nowtheregistrationwebsitewantsadognameatshortnotice.So,wegofor“Buzz”.Onesyllable(音节)andwithmulti-generationalfascination(GrannythinksAldrin,kidsthinkLightyear).FRIDAYIfeelveryhesitantaboutsayingso,butlastnightwentwell.Buzzisincrediblycute,thekidsadorehimandhe’sverycuteandonlydidonepee(排尿)ontheblanket,anddidImentionhe’scute?SATURDAY“Love”feelslikeastretchrightnow.Our“play”wasevidentlynot“focused”enoughtopreventBuzzbitingthroughoursofa.Also,ourthree-year-oldthinksit’sfunnytorunaway,soBuzzwrestleshimtothegroundandlicksalloverhisface.Isuspectthisisn’tthebestwaytoprepareBuzzforengagingwiththepublic.SUNDAYThewholehousesmellsofdog.Ifindthisnasty,butfriends,family,andpeoplewebarelyknowexistedaredroppingbytomeethim.“It’slikehavingababy,eh?”saysmyneighbor,Erik,brightly.“Yes,butit’sababyyoucanneglectwhenitcries!”Irespondcheerfully.Hefrowns(皱眉).MONDAYIt’s2A．M.onthecoldestdayoftheyearandI’monmyhandsandkneesinthebushes.Ithinkyou’veneverreallyexperiencedaharshmid-winteruntilyou’retryingtorunafterapuppy.Then,wereturninside,andit’sjustmeandBuzz.Peace.Ishouldputhimbackinhiscage,butIfindIcan’tresistahug.Don’ttellmywife.36．Whatdoesthephrase“puppyproof”ourhomemeaninparagraph2?A．Makeourhomecleanenoughforthepuppy. B．Inspectourhometomakeitpuppy-friendly.C．Provethatthepuppywillsatisfyourneeds. D．Decorateourhomewithbooksonpuppies.37．Inthediaryof“WEDNESDAY”,apassageismissing.Whichofthefollowingplotbestfitsintothenumberedblank?A．Pickingadog’snamefromanamelistofBlacks.B．Lookingoverthehouseforpotentialsafetyhazards.C．StudyingDunbar’sbookonhowtotakecareofadog.D．VisitingDunbarinpersoninordertoadopthispuppy.38．Whichofthefollowingisthereasonfornamingthepuppy“Buzz”?A．OtherchoicesimplystrongprejudiceagainstBlackpeople.B．Itspronunciationresemblesthepuppy’scuteandshortbark.C．Theregistrationwebsiterecommendsthenametothefamily.D．Thenameholdsappealtoboththeelderandtheyoungergenerations.39．Whichofthefollowingdoesthediaryfeatureaftertheadoptionofthepuppy?A．Chaosandcuteness. B．Hatredandlove. C．Messandcleanliness. D．Abuseandaffection.【答案】36．B37．C38．D39．A【导语】本文是一篇日记集选。文章讲述的是作者自从收养了一只小狗之后生活中发生的变化。36．词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文““Youdon’twanttogivehimthatscreamingtoy,that’sencouraginghimtoeatyoursofa,”shesays,inspectingourpurchasesdisapprovingly.Shehandsusabook,byDrIanDunbar.“Thisguy”,sheassuresus,“isaSuperBabysitterfordogs.”(“你不会想给他那种会尖叫的玩具，那会鼓励他吃掉你的沙发，”她一边说，一边不以为然地检查着我们买的东西。她递给我们一本伊恩·邓巴博士写的书。“这家伙”，她向我们保证，“是狗的超级保姆。”)”可知，作者的朋友到作者的家里是帮助作者布置家里以适合小狗的生活。由此可推知，画线短语““puppyproof”ourhome”意为“检查我们的家，使它适合小狗。”故选B。37．推理判断题。根据空处的下文“Dunbarhasplentyofwisdomon“positivelycommunicating”withthepuppy,butnothingonhowtogetapuppyandalsotwoyoungchildren.(邓巴在与小狗“积极沟通”方面有很多智慧，但没有关于提到如何得到一只小狗和两个年幼的孩子。)”可知，作者阅读了朋友所赠送的书，并了解了书中的内容。由此推断，空处内容和邓巴的书有关。选项C“StudyingDunbar’sbookonhowtotakecareofadog.(学习邓巴关于如何照顾狗的书。)”指的是作者阅读邓巴的书，与上文内容保持一致。故选C。38．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Onesyllable(音节)andwithmulti-generationalfascination(GrannythinksAldrin,kidsthinkLightyear).(一个音节，并拥有多代人的喜爱(奶奶认为是Aldrin，孩子认为光年)。)”可推断，作者选这个名字是因为这个名字对于老一代和年轻一代人而言都有吸引力。故选D。39．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Ifeelveryhesitantaboutsayingso,butlastnightwentwell.Buzzisincrediblycute,thekidsadorehimandhe’sverycuteandonlydidonepee(排尿)ontheblanket,anddidImentionhe’scute?(我很犹豫要不要这么说，但昨晚很顺利。巴斯非常可爱，孩子们都很喜欢它，它非常可爱，它只在毯子上尿过一次尿，我说过它很可爱吗?)”、第六段““Love”feelslikeastretchrightnow.Our“play”wasevidentlynot“focused”enoughtopreventBuzzbitingthroughoursofa.Also,ourthree-year-oldthinksit’sfunnytorunaway,soBuzzwrestleshimtothegroundandlicksalloverhisface.(“爱”现在感觉有点牵强。我们的“游戏”显然不够“专注”，不足以防止巴斯咬破我们的沙发。还有，我们三岁的孩子觉得逃跑很好玩，所以巴斯把他摔在地上，舔了他一脸。)”、第七段“Thewholehousesmellsofdog.Ifindthisnasty,butfriends,family,andpeoplewebarelyknowexistedaredroppingbytomeethim.(整个房子都有股狗腥味。我觉得这很恶心，但朋友，家人，还有我们几乎不认识的人都来见他了。)”、最后一段“Ishouldputhimbackinhiscage,butIfindIcan’tresistahug.Don’ttellmywife.(我应该把他放回笼子里，但我发现我忍不住要拥抱他。别告诉我妻子。)”可判断，作者自从领养了小狗之后，日记从最初的有点混乱到后来充满对小狗的喜爱，以及描述了小狗的可爱。故选A。（B）（2023·上海·卢湾高级中学校考三模）Whenasharpchestpainwokemeuparound3A．M.,Ihadtheobviousquestion:Wasthistrulypanic-worthy?Ithoughtaboutdialing911,butthenInoticedthat…well,thepainwasontherightsideofmychestratherthantheleft.Mybreathingwasn’tlabored.Myheartwasn’tbeatingfast.Solikemillionsbeforeme,Icomparedmysymptomswiththoseonthesearchengine.Ontopofthescreenwasanarticleentitled“16CausesofRightSideChestPain.”Bingo,Ithought—exceptitwasanad.Imovedontotheactualsearchresults,whichwereheadlined“17CausesofPainintheRightSideoftheChest”and“26CausesofChestPain&Tightness.”WhenIgotto“3TypesofChestPainThatWon’tKillYou,”Istartedwondering:Whatwerealltheseweirdarticles?Thetitleswereaboutmakinguseofsearchengine’salgorithm(算法)tograbpeople’sattentionattheirweakmoments.Thisiscalledsearch-engineoptimization,orSEO:theartandscienceofengineeringforhigherplacementinthesearchresultsandgettingpeopletoclickonthelinks.Unlikealotof“medicalinformation”online,SEOitselfisinfactbasedonthescientificmethodcalledstand-out.Wenoticethingsthatstandout—likeoddlyprecisenumbers.Istillneededinformation,though,soIclickedonaresultfromWebMD．Ihadseenthatsitebefore,anditdidn’tseemlikeitcontainedfakeinformation.IwasbarelyaparagraphortwoinwhenInoticedlinksaboutlungcancersymptoms.Huh?Lungcanceroftencausesnopainuntilitslaterstages.ThenIrealizedthattheinformationaboutlungcancerwasanad,butthe“ad”signwasbarelynoticeable.Duringanemergencyitisobviouslynotthebesttimetoscarepeopleintoclickinglinksforunlikelydiseases.Indeed,ifyouclickedonthese“lungcancersymptoms,”thebrowsertookyoueventuallytoasiteadvertisingalungcancermedicine.Ugh.Havingmedicalinformationonlinebefinancedbyadvertisersordrugcompanies—orsupplementmanufacturers—iscertainlynothealthy.Theyoftenhaveanincentive(动机)toscareus.It’salose-losesituation.Sometimeswedoneedtobeworriedandseekmedicalcare.Othertimesit’sjustfearmongeringclicks.Butwhocantellwhenoneisincrisis?40．Whentheauthorsearchedhersymptomsonline,shewastryingtofindoutwhether_____.A．sheneededtocallforanambulanceimmediatelyB．sheshouldvisitamedicalprofessionalforadviceC．therewasaneffectivemedicineforherchestpainD．herpainwasasignofsomekindofheartproblem41．AccordingtoSEO,whichpartofthefollowingarticletitlemakesitstandout?16CausesofPainintheRightSideoftheChestthatWon’tKillYouA．“16.” B．“CausesofPain.”C．“RightSideoftheChest.” D．“KillYou.”42．WhatisthemainproblemoftheWebMDaccordingtotheauthor?A．Itsinformationistooscaryandworryingforbrowsers.B．Itisnotaspecializedwebsiteoflungcancersymptoms.C．Itisnotdesignedfortreatingemergencysituations.D．Itisprobablysponsoredbymedicalcompanies.【答案】40．D41．A42．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者根据自己经历来描述一种互联网搜索现象，即搜索引擎优化，也就是SEO：在搜索结果中获得更高位置并让人们点击链接的工程艺术和科学。40．细节理解题。根据第二段“Solikemillionsbeforeme,Icomparedmysymptomswiththoseonthesearchengine.Ontopofthescreenwasanarticleentitled“16CausesofRightSideChestPain.”Bingo,Ithought—exceptitwasanad.Imovedontotheactualsearchresults,whichwereheadlined“17CausesofPainintheRightSideoftheChest”and“26CausesofChestPain&Tightness.”(于是，像我之前的数百万人一样，我将自己的症状与搜索引擎上的症状进行了比较。屏幕上方是一篇题为“右侧胸痛的16种原因”的文章。答对了，我想——只不过这是个广告。我接着看实际的搜索结果，标题是“右侧胸部疼痛的17个原因”和“胸部疼痛和胸闷的26个原因”)”可知，作者在网上搜索她的症状时，是在查找她胸痛的原因，也就是她的疼痛是某种心脏问题的征兆。故选D。41．推理判断题。根据第二段“Unlikealotof“medicalinformation”online,SEOitselfisinfactbasedonthescientificmethodcalledstand-out.Wenoticethingsthatstandout—likeoddlyprecisenumbers.(不像网上的很多“医学信息”，SEO本身其实是基于所谓的脱颖而出的科学方法。我们会注意到一些突出的东西——比如奇怪的精确数字)”可知，根据SEO，以下文章标题的数字会脱颖而出。故选A。42．细节理解题。根据第四段“Istillneededinformation,though,soIclickedonaresultfromWebMD.Ihadseenthatsitebefore,anditdidn’tseemlikeitcontainedfakeinformation.IwasbarelyaparagraphortwoinwhenInoticedlinksaboutlungcancersymptoms.Huh?Lungcanceroftencausesnopainuntilitslaterstages.ThenIrealizedthattheinformationaboutlungcancerwasanad,butthe“ad”signwasbarelynoticeable.(不过，我仍然需要一些信息，所以我点击了WebMD的一个结果。我以前见过那个网站，它看起来不像包含虚假信息。我刚读了一两段，就注意到有关肺癌症状的链接。嗯？肺癌通常直到晚期才会引起疼痛。然后我意识到，关于肺癌的信息是一个广告，但“广告”的标志几乎不明显)”以及最后一段“Havingmedicalinformationonlinebefinancedbyadvertisersordrugcompanies—orsupplementmanufacturers—iscertainlynothealthy.Theyoftenhaveanincentive(动机)toscareus.(让广告客户、制药公司或保健品制造商为网上的医疗信息提供资金当然是不健康的。他们常常有吓唬我们的动机)”可知，作者认为WebMD的主要问题是广告客户、制药公司或保健品制造商为网上的医疗信息提供资金当然是不健康的，也就是它可能是由医药公司赞助的。故选D。（C）（2023·上海·上海市民办文绮中学校考三模）Asaboy,whenJonnyKinkeadwasn’tmakingthingsusingthetoolsinhisdad’sgarage,hewasmessingaboutwithaguitar.Andthetwopre-occupationshavebeenhislivingforthepastfourdecades:buildingsteel-stringguitarsbyhand.“Theguitarstillappealstome,”hesays.“Makingasoundoutofwood—it’samazingwhatyoucando.”Jonnylearnedtoplayhisbrother’sguitarwhenhewaseleven.Then,whenhewassixteen,hewantedtolearnthebassguitar.“Somepeoplewouldhavegotaholidayjobandsavedupandboughtone,”hesays.“ButIwasofamindsetthatifyouwantedsomething,youmadeit.”AlthoughthebasswasthefirstinstrumentJonnybuiltfromnothing,heandhisbrothershadlongbeendoingessentiallythesamethingwithotheritems.“Imademodelboatsandaeroplanesasachild,soIwasfamiliarwiththatprocess.Myfatherhadtaughtmeandmybrothershowtousetools,andwehadfreematerialsinthegarage.”Jonnyhad