河南省商丘市2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2,回答选择题时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillSamdotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.FlytoTokyo.C.Haveameeting.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A.Havingbreakfast.B.Buyingthemedicine.C.Travelingtothetown.3.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Agiftshop.B.Hisbrother’shouse.C.TheChildren’sCenter.4.Howmuchisaconcertticketforachild?A.$2.B.$4.C.$8.5.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthemovie?A.Itsfunnyplot.B.Itsmusic.C.Itsactors.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidtheboydofirstlastnight?A.Helistenedtomusic.B.HewatchedTV.C.Hereadtextbooks.7.WhatisWimbledonabout?A.Tennis.B.Films.C.Music.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheman’scousin?A.Asailor.B.Ateacher.C.Ajournalist.9.Howdoesthemanliketeaching?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Challenging.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheroomlike?ABigbutold.B.Bigandnew.C.Smallbutnew.11.Whatwillbearrangedfirst?A.Thechairs.B.Thebed.C.Thedressingtable.12.Wherewillthechairsbeput?A.Closetothewindow.B.Infrontofthefireplace.C.Behindthedressingtable.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?A.Amuseum.B.Ashop.C.Arestaurant.14.Whatdoesthewomanhavenointerestin?A.TastingIndianfood.B.Seeinguniqueanimals.C.Takingawalk.15.Whywon’tthespeakersgoshopping?A.Theshoppingmallisalittlefar.B.Theydon’thaveenoughmoney.C.Itwilltakethemtoomuchtime.16.Howwillthespeakersgototheseashore?A.Onfoot.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhatcanwelearnaboutMrs.Green?A.Shealwaysdrivesveryfast.B.Shehasanoldandsmallcar.C.Sheonlydrivesadayeveryweek.18.What’sthecolorofMike’scar?A.Blue.B.Black.C.White.19.Whohasaveryoldcar?A.Mike.B.Mrs.Bates.C.Joe.20.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJoeandthespeaker?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisfriend.C.Hisuncle.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAI&Theatre:ADiscussionattheLibraryforthePerformingArtsWiththedevelopmentoftechnology,thereisawideuseofAlinmanyaspectsofourlives.TheLibraryforthePerformingArtsinvitesyoutoanafternoondiscussionnextThursday.Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(贬低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.SeatingPolicyProgramsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.Ifyouarriveaftertheprogramstarts,yourseatwillbearrangedataspecialplacebyourstaff.Foodordrinkisnotallowedinside.StandbyLineIfregistrationhasended,donotworry!Wewelcomeyoutothelibraryregardlessofregistrationstatusandyoucanwaitinourstandbyline.Fiveminutesbeforetheprogramstarts,allremainingseatsarereleasedtoattendeesinthestandbyline.Whilethisisnotguaranteed,wewilldoourbesttogetyouintoanyofourprograms.AssistiveListeningandInterpretationInterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(说明文字)areavailableonrequest.Pleasesubmityourrequestatleasttwoweeksinadvancebyemailingusataccessibility@.AudioandVideoRecordingProgramsmaybephotographedandrecordedbytheLibraryforthePerformingArts.Ifyouwouldpreferyourimagenottobephotographed,pleaseletusknowandwecanseatyouaccordingly.Pleasenotethatallrecordings,includingprofessionalvideorecordings,arenotallowedduringthediscussion.1.What’sthepurposeofthediscussion?A.TopromotetheapplicationofAI. B.ToshowthedisadvantagesofAI.C.ToexploretheinfluenceofAIontheater. D.Toappreciatethedevelopmentoftechnology.2.Howcanyouensureaseatatthediscussion?A.Payaregistrationfee. B.Signupforitaheadoftime.C.Waitinthestandbylineearlier. D.Contactthelibrarystaffadayahead.3.Whatcanpeopledoiftheyattendthediscussion?A.Holdaseatforafriend. B.Askforthereal-timecaption.C.Broadcastthediscussionlive. D.Takephotosduringthediscussion.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了TheLibraryforthePerfommingArts讨论活动的相关注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(贬低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.(在讨论中，我们希望既不推崇也不诋毁人工智能，相反，讲座将允许听众就人工智能在技术进步的关键阶段对戏剧的潜在影响进行公开讨论。)”可知，该活动聚焦AI对戏剧演出的影响。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SeatingPolicy的内容“Programsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.(课程是免费的，对所有人开放，但要求提前一周注册。已登记的客人享有优先权，可以在开始时间前15到30分钟办理登机手续，禁止为任何人占座。)”可知，提前一周登记参会可以得到被分配好的座位。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AssistiveListeningandInterpretation的内容“InterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(说明文字)areavailableonrequest.(可应要求提供英语翻译和实时字幕。)”可知，参会者可以申请实时字幕。故选B。BHemanBekeleisnotyourtypicalhighschoolstudent．Ratherthanspendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogamesorstaringathisphone,this14year-oldfromFairfax,Virginiawascallingprofessorsandconductingexperiments,alltocreateasoapthatcouldtreatskincancer,andtomakeitaffordableforeveryonewhoneedsit．Hisworkwonhimthegrandprizeinthisyear’s3MYoungScientist’sChallenge,acompetitionthatencourageskidstothinkofuniquewaystosolveeverydayproblems.GrowingupinEthiopia,Bekelefoundinpitythatpeopleworkingoutsidewerelikelytoendupgettingskincancer．Skincancerdidhavecuresandwastreatableinmostcases．However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000．Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．Hestarteddoingexperimentsandworkingondifferentthings,andthatturnedintohisbarofsoapasaproject.Alotofhisresearchanddevelopmentstartedinhisfamily’skitchenandinhisbasement．Butashereachedthefinalofthecompetition,herealizedthathedidneedtodoalittlebitmoreoutsideofjusthishouse．SohereachedouttopeopleatUniversityofVirginiaandpeopleatGeorgetown,andhegotalotofassistance．ThenumberonepersonwouldbeDeborahIsabelle,whohelpedhimorganizeandstructurehisideasduringthefinalistcompetition．Bekelesaidthathedefinitelycouldn’thavedonethatallbyhimself.Bekele’saward-winningsoapisacompoundbasedbarofsoapandit’schargedwithdifferentcancerfightingchemicals．Thecolorofthesoapisabitofadarktypeofwhiteandithasaroughsurface,whichcouldbeagoodexfoliant（去角质剂）．Itdoeshaveastrongmedicinesmellandfeelabitstickier．Thewholepointofitisthatevenonceyouwashoffthesoaps,themedicinalpartswillstayonyourskin．Itcanactivatethebody’simmunecellstodefendcancer.Bekelewon25,000prizemoneyandhewasgoingtouseittocontinueresearch．Hesaid,“Istillneedalotofresourcestobeabletoconductthisresearch,sothismoneywilldefinitelyhelpmeachieveit.”4.WhydidHemanBekelestartworkingoncreatingthesoap?A.Becausehethoughtitwasafunproject.B.Becausehewantedtowinasciencecompetition.C.Becausehefoundskincancertreatmentunaffordable.D.Becausehewantedtocreateauniquesoapforeveryone.5.WhatcanwelearnfromBekele’spreparationsforthefinal?A.Wellbegunishalfdone. B.Learnhumbly,askwillingly.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Hopeforthebest,preparefortheworst.6.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatfeaturesthesoaphas. B.Howthesoapisused.C.Whatchemicalsthesoapcontains. D.Howthesoapisproduced.7.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeBekeleaccordingtothepassage?A.Patientandtalented. B.Friendlyandambitious.C.Cautiousandgenerous. D.Caringanddevoted.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位14岁学生HemanBekele，通过自身努力和不断寻求帮助，发明了一种普通人能负担起的抗击皮肤癌的肥皂，因此获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Skincancerdidhavecuresandwastreatableinmostcases.However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000.Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．”（皮肤癌确实可以治愈，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。然而，全球皮肤癌治疗的平均价格接近4万美元。这些令人震惊的统计数据确实激发了他创造一个人们更容易获得的解决方案。）可知,HemanBekele正是因为发现很多皮肤癌患者负担不起治疗费用，才决心发明治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，让人们能够负担得起治疗费用。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“SohereachedouttopeopleatUniversityofVirginiaandpeopleatGeorgetown,andhegotalotofassistance.ThenumberonepersonwouldbeDeborahIsabelle,whohelpedhimorganizeandstructurehisideasduringthefinalistcompetition.”（所以他联系了弗吉尼亚大学和乔治城大学的老师，他得到了很多帮助。排名第一的人是黛博拉·伊莎贝尔（DeborahIsabelle），她在决赛中帮助他筹备和组织了他的想法。）可知，HemanBekele在最后阶段寻求了很多外界的帮助。A是“良好的开端是成功的一半”；B是“虚心学习，乐意请教”；C是“事实胜于雄辩”；D是“抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算”。故选B项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Bekele’saward-winningsoapisacompoundbasedbarofsoapandit’schargedwithdifferentcancerfightingchemicals．Thecolorofthesoapisabitofadarktypeofwhiteandithasaroughsurface,whichcouldbeagoodexfoliant（去角质剂）．Itdoeshaveastrongmedicinesmellandfeelabitstickier．Thewholepointofitisthatevenonceyouwashoffthesoaps,themedicinalpartswillstayonyourskin．Itcanactivatethebody’simmunecellstodefendcancer.”（Bekele的获奖肥皂是一种复合肥皂，它含有不同的抗癌化学物质。肥皂的颜色有点暗白色，表面粗糙，可能是一种很好的去角质剂。它确实有强烈的药味，摸起来有点粘。重点是，即使你洗掉了肥皂，药用成分也会留在你的皮肤上。它可以激活人体的免疫细胞来防御癌症。）可知，该段主要描述了肥皂的成分、颜色、气味和功效等特征。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000.Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．”（然而，全球皮肤癌治疗的平均价格接近4万美元。这些令人震惊的统计数据确实激发了他创造一个人们更容易获得的解决方案。）可知HemanBekele关心他人；又根据第一段中“Ratherthanspendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogamesorstaringathisphone,this14year-oldfromFairfax,Virginiawascallingprofessorsandconductingexperiments,alltocreateasoapthatcouldtreatskincancer,andtomakeitaffordableforeveryonewhoneedsit．”（这个来自弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯的14岁男孩没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏或盯着手机上，而是打电话给教授并进行实验，所有这些都是为了创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。）；以及最后一段“Bekelewon25,000prizemoneyandhewasgoingtouseittocontinueresearch．”（Bekele赢得了2.5万美元的奖金，他打算用这笔钱继续研究。）可知，他全心全意地投入到研究抗癌肥皂。故选D项。CIsmodernfruitcultivated(培育)tobesweeterthaninthepast?Theshortanswerisyes,thoughthelongeranswerismorecomplicated.Someofthemostpowerfulevidencethatfruitissweeterthanbeforecomesfromzoos.In2018,itwasreportedthatMelboumeZooinAustraliahadstoppedgivingfruittomostofitsanimalsbecausecultivatedfruitwasnowsosweetthatitwascausingtoothdecay(蛀牙)andweightgain.Themonkeysatthezoowereprovidedwithalower-sugarvegetable-baseddietinsteadofbananas.Amongfruitcultivators,theword“quality”isnowroutinelyusedasanequalfor“highinsugar”(thoughfirmness,colorandsizearealsoconsiderations).In2010,inanarticlelookingatwaystoenhancethesweetnessoffruitusing“molecuiar(分子的)approaches”,agroupofplantscientistsoftheRepublicofKoreawrotethat“ingeneral,thesugarcontent”ofmanyfruitsisnowhigherthanbefore“owingtocontinuousselectionandbreeding”.Modernapplevarieties,thescientistsnoted,wereonaveragesweeterthanolderones.Cultivationisn’ttheonlyreasonthatmodernfruitissweeter;there’salsoclimatechange.ResearchfromJapanfoundthatsincethe1970s,withrisingtemperatures,Fujiapples(whichwerealreadyasweetvariety)havebecomesignificantlysweeterandsofter.Theleadresearcher,ToshihokoSugiura,saidthat“ifyoucouldtasteanappleharvested30yearsago,youwouldfeelthedifference”.Itissometimesclaimedthatthesweetnessofmodernfruitisnotduetohighersugarcontentsomuchasthefactthatthebitternessandsournessofwildfruithavebeensteadilycultivatedoutofit.There’sagrain—butonlyagrain—oftruthinthis.StudiesofwildapplesdoindeedsuggestthatsomeancientvarietieswerejustashighinsugarasamodernPinkLadyorHoneycrisp.Thedifferenceisthattherewasmuchwidervariationinsugarcontentacrosswildapples,whereasthemodernsupermarketappleseldomdropsbelowacertainlevelofsweetness.8.WhydidMelbourneZoostopgivingfruittomostofitsanimals?A.Theanimalspreferredavegetable-baseddiet.B.Modernfruitdidgreatharmtoanimals’teeth.C.Thesugarcontentofmodernfruitislowerthanbefore.D.Theflavorofmodernfruitwasnotgoodfortheanimals.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thesugarcontentisbreeders’firstpriority.B.Sweeterfruitsarejustaresultofnaturalselection.C.Thesweetnessofmodernapplesisequaltotheaverageofolderones.D.Molecularapproachesareadoptedtoaddthesweetnessofmodernfruit.10.Whatdostudiesofwildapplesinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Applesofoldspeciestastedlesssweet.B.Thesugarcontentofwildapplesvariedgreatly.C.Thesweetnessofmodernapplesisofthesamelevel.D.Fruitissweetbecausebitternessinithasdisappeared.11.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.ModernorOld:WhichIsBetter? B.ModernFruit:SweetnessIsQuality.C.FruitIsSweeter:It’sNotaMisconception. D.MelbourneZoo:AnimalsStopEatingFruits.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】文章是说明文。文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“In2018,itwasreportedthatMelboumeZooinAustraliahadstoppedgivingfruittomostofitsanimalsbecausecultivatedfruitwasnowsosweetthatitwascausingtoothdecay(蛀牙)andweightgain.(据报道，2018年，澳大利亚墨尔本动物园已经停止给大多数动物提供水果，因为现在种植的水果太甜了，会导致蛀牙和体重增加。)”可知现代水果对动物的牙齿有很大的危害，因此停止了给动物供应水果。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Amongfruitcultivators,theword“quality”isnowroutinelyusedasanequalfor“highinsugar”(thoughfirmness,colorandsizearealsoconsiderations).In2010,inanarticlelookingatwaystoenhancethesweetnessoffruitusing“molecuiar(分子的)approaches”,agroupofplantscientistsoftheRepublicofKoreawrotethat“ingeneral,thesugarcontent”ofmanyfruitsisnowhigherthanbefore“owingtocontinuousselectionandbreeding”.(在水果种植者中，“优质”这个词现在通常被用作“高糖”的同义词(尽管硬度、颜色和大小也要考虑在内)。2010年，韩国的一组植物科学家在一篇文章中探讨了如何利用“分子方法”来提高水果的甜度，他们写道，“总的来说，由于不断的选择和育种”，现在许多水果的“含糖量”比以前要高。)”可知，现代水果的甜度采用分子方法，故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Thedifferenceisthattherewasmuchwidervariationinsugarcontentacrosswildapples,whereasthemodernsupermarketappleseldomdropsbelowacertainlevelofsweetness.(不同之处在于，野生苹果的含糖量变化更大，而现代超市里的苹果很少低于一定的甜度。)”可知野生苹果的含糖量变化很大，故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容“Ismodernfruitcultivated(培育)tobesweeterthaninthepast?Theshortanswerisyes,thoughthelongeranswerismorecomplicated.(现代种植的水果比过去更甜吗?简短的回答是肯定的，但较长的回答更为复杂)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了现代农业技术使得现代水果比以前更甜。可知C项“水果更甜：这不是一个误解。”为最佳标题，故选C项。DNow,researchershavedevelopedaroboticlegwithartificialmuscles.Anewmuscle-poweredroboticlegisnotonlymoreenergyefficientthanaconventionalone,itcanalsoperformhighjumpsandfastmovementsaswellasdetectandreacttobarriers-allwithouttheneedforcomplexsensors.Theresearcherscomparedtheenergyefficiencyoftheirroboticlegwiththatofaconventionalroboticlegpoweredbyanelectricmotor.Theyanalyzedenergyconversiontoheat.“It’seasytoseethatthemotorisedlegconsumesmuchmoreenergyif,say,ithastoholdabentposition,”oneresearchercalledBuchnersays.Theelectro-hydraulic(电液的)leg’stemperatureremainsthesameasit’selectrostatic(静电的).“It’sliketheexamplewiththeballoonandthehair,wherethehairstaysstucktotheballoonforquitealongtime,”Buchneradds.Electricmotorrobotsneedheatmanagement,butthissystemdoesn’t.Unlikeelectricmotorsthatneedsensors,theartificialmuscleadjustspositionthroughinteractionwiththeenvironment.Ithastwoinputsignals.“Whenapersonlandsafterjumpingintotheair,theydon’thavetothinkinadvanceaboutwhethertheyshouldbendtheirkneesata90-degreeora70-degreeangle.”Thesameprincipleappliestothesoftroboticleg’sinnersystem:uponlanding,thelegjointadaptivelymovesintoasuitableangledependingonwhetherthesurfaceishardorsoft.Keplinger,anotherBuchner’scolleague,says.“Comparedtowalkingrobotswithelectricmotors,oursystemisstilllimited.Thelegiscurrentlyattachedtoarod(杆),jumpsincirclesandcan’tyetmovefreely.”Futureworkshouldovercometheselimitations,openingthedoortodevelopingrealwalkingrobotswithartificialmuscles.Hefurtherexplains,“Ifwecombinetheroboticleginafour-legrobotorahumanoidrobotwithtwolegs,maybeoneday,whenitisbattery-powered,wecanuseitasarescuerobot.”12.Whatdoesparagraph1tellusabouttheroboticlegwithartificialmuscles?A.Itspotentialdrawbacks. B.Itscomplexsystems.C.Itsdistinctadvantages. D.Itswonderfulworkingprinciples.13.Whatdoesparagraph2focusonaboutthenewmuscle-poweredroboticleg?A.Itsadvantagesanddisadvantages. B.Itsheatmanagement.C.Itswayofcharging. D.Itsefficiency.14.Whatisparticularlyimportantforsoftroboticsaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Highadaptability. B.Softsurface. C.Reliableenergy. D.Inputsignals.15.WhatcanweinferfromKeplinger’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Technologychangesourunderstandingofrobots.B.Emergingtechnologyopensupnewpossibilities.C.Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarechangedbyrobots.D.Artificialmusclesensurethedisabledabrightfuture.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍了研究人员开发的一种新型机器人腿，其使用人工肌肉，不仅能耗低，还具备出色的运动表现和环境适应能力。文中探讨了这种机器人腿的能效、热管理特点，以及其相比传统电机驱动机器人腿的优势和潜在的应用前景。文章强调了其在开发真实步行机器人和特殊应用（如救援机器人）中的潜力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Anewmuscle-poweredroboticlegisnotonlymoreenergyefficientthanaconventionalone,itcanalsoperformhighjumpsandfastmovementsaswellasdetectandreacttobarriers-allwithouttheneedforcomplexsensors.(一种新的肌肉驱动的机器人腿不仅比传统腿更节能，它还可以进行跳高和快速运动，以及检测和应对障碍物，而无需复杂的传感器。)”可知，第一段这主要告诉我们的是新型肌肉驱动的机器人腿具有独特的优势。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Theresearcherscomparedtheenergyefficiencyoftheirroboticlegwiththatofaconventionalroboticlegpoweredbyanelectricmotor.Theyanalyzedenergyconversiontoheat.“It’seasytoseethatthemotorisedlegconsumesmuchmoreenergyif,say,ithastoholdabentposition,”oneresearchercalledBuchnersays.(研究人员将他们的机器人腿的能源效率与由电动机驱动的传统机器人腿进行了比较。他们分析了能量向热量的转换情况。一位名叫布赫纳的研究人员说：“如果机械腿需要保持弯曲姿势，那么很容易看出，电动机驱动的机械腿会消耗更多的能量。”)”和文章第二段中的“Electricmotorrobotsneedheatmanagement,butthissystemdoesn’t.(电动机器人需要热管理，但这个系统不需要。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了新型肌肉驱动的机器人腿在能量效率方面的优势，而且它不需要热管理。故选D项。14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Thesameprincipleappliestothesoftroboticleg’sinnersystem:uponlanding,thelegjointadaptivelymovesintoasuitableangledependingonwhetherthesurfaceishardorsoft.(同样的原理也适用于柔软的机器人腿的内部系统：着陆后，腿关节会根据表面是硬是软自适应地移动到合适的角度。)”可知，对于软机器人来说，高度适应性尤为重要，因为它能根据环境变化自动调整位置。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Futureworkshouldovercometheselimitations,openingthedoortodevelopingrealwalkingrobotswithartificialmuscles.Hefurtherexplains,“Ifwecombinetheroboticleginafour-legrobotorahumanoidrobotwithtwolegs,maybeoneday,whenitisbattery-powered,wecanuseitasarescuerobot.”(未来的工作应该克服这些局限性，为开发具有人造肌肉的真正行走机器人打开大门。他进一步解释说：“如果我们将机器人腿组合成四条腿的机器人或有两条腿的人形机器人，也许有一天，当它由电池供电时，我们可以将其用作救援机器人。”)”可知，新兴技术为开发真正能够行走的人工肌肉机器人打开了新的可能性，甚至有一天可以作为救援机器人使用。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Solarenergyhasemergedasacost-effectiveandenvironmentallyfriendlywaytopowerhomesandbusinesses.Ifyou’reconsideringgoingsolar,Amazonoffersaconvenientplatformtopurchasesolarpanels(太阳能板)andrelatedequipment.____16____Tohelpyoumakeaninformeddecision,herearesomeessentialtipsforchoosingthebestsolarpanels.____17____Beforedivingintotheworldofsolarpanels,it’scrucialtounderstandyourenergyneeds.Calculateyourdailyandmonthlyenergyconsumptiontodeterminethesizeofthesolarpanelsystemyou’llneed.Knowingyourenergyrequirementswillallowyoutoselecttherightnumberofpanels.Forthoselookingforportablesolarkits,theEFEcoFlowisoneoftherecommendedoptions.However,whengoingforthewholehouse,youneedtocalculateyourhomeneedsfirst.Consideryourbudget.____18____Setabudgetforyoursolarproject,includinginstallationcostsandanypotentialcost.Thisbudgetwillhelpnarrowdownyouroptionsandensurethatyoufindsolarpanelsthatarebothcost-effectiveandmeetyourenergyrequirements.Researchsolarpaneltypes.Therearetwomaintypesofsolarpanelsavailableonthemarket:monocrystalline(单晶)andpolycrystalline(多晶).Monocrystallinepanelsareknownfortheirhigherefficiency,buttheyaregenerallymoreexpensive.Polycrystallinepanelsaremorebudget-friendlyandofferslightlylowerefficiencybutarestilleffective.____19____ChoosingthebestsolarpanelsonAmazonrequirescarefulconsiderationofvariousfactors,fromyourenergyneedsandbudgettothepanel’sefficiencyandmanufacturer’sreputation.____20____Byfollowingthesetips,youcanmakeaninformedchoicethatnotonlybenefitsyourwalletbutalsotheenvironment.A.Evaluatecustomersupport.B.Determineyourenergyrequirements.CIt’sessentialtodoyourhomeworkbeforemakingyourdecision.D.Solarpanelpricescanvarywidelydependingonthebrand,technology,andefficiency.E.Researchtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachtodeterminewhichoneisbestsuitedforyou.F.Howeverwithsomanyoptionsavailable,selectingthebestsolarpanelscanbeatiringtask.G.Comparingthepricesofdifferentsolarpanelscanhelpidentifythebestvalueforyourbudget.【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.E20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在亚马逊上选择最佳太阳能板的几个关键建议。【16题详解】空前“Ifyou’reconsideringgoingsolar,Amazonoffersaconvenientplatformtopurchasesolarpanels(太阳能板)andrelatedequipment.(如果你正在考虑使用太阳能，亚马逊提供了一个方便的平台来购买太阳能电池板和相关设备。)”说明亚马逊提供了买太阳能电池板和相关设备的平台，空后“Tohelpyoumakeaninformeddecision,herearesomeessentialtipsforchoosingthebestsolarpanels.(为了帮助你做出明智的决定，这里有一些选择最好的太阳能电池板的基本建议。)”说明买太阳能电池板的选择很多，F选项“However,withsomanyoptionsavailable,selectingthebestsolarpanelscanbeatiringtask.(然而，有这么多的选择，选择最好的太阳能电池板可能是一项累人的任务。)”说明了太阳能电池板的选择很多，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“Beforedivingintotheworldofsolarpanels,it’scrucialtounderstandyourenergyneeds.(在进入太阳能电池板的世界之前，了解你的能源需求是至关重要的。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要了解自己的能量需求，B选项“Determineyourenergyrequirements.(确定你的能量需求。)”概括了本段大意，可作为主旨句。故选B。【18题详解】由空后“Setabudgetforyoursolarproject,includinginstallationcostsandanypotentialcost.(为你的太阳能项目制定预算，包括安装成本和任何潜在的成本。)”可知，本段在讲价格的问题，D选项“Solarpanelpricescanvarywidelydependingonthebrand,technology,andefficiency.(太阳能电池板的价格会因品牌、技术和效率的不同而有很大差异。)”说明的是价格方面的内容，符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】空前“Therearetwomaintypesofsolarpanelsavailableonthemarket:monocrystalline(单晶)andpolycrystalline(多晶).Monocrystallinepanelsareknownfortheirhigherefficiency,buttheyaregenerallymoreexpensive.Polycrystallinepanelsaremorebudget-friendlyandofferslightlylowerefficiencybutarestilleffective.(市场上有两种主要类型的太阳能电池板：单晶和多晶。单晶面板以其更高的效率而闻名，但它们通常更昂贵。多晶面板更经济实惠，效率略低，但仍然有效。)”说明了两种太阳能电池板的优缺点，空格处应该接着说应该仔细了解它们的优缺点来决定适合自己的，E选项“Researchtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachtodeterminewhichoneisbestsuitedforyou.(研究每一个的优点和缺点，以确定哪一个最适合你。)”说明了要研究每一种的优缺点，然后决定最适合自己的，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】空前“ChoosingthebestsolarpanelsonAmazonrequirescarefulconsiderationofvariousfactors,fromyourenergyneedsandbudgettothepanel’sefficiencyandmanufacturer’sreputation.(在亚马逊上选择最好的太阳能电池板需要仔细考虑各种因素，从你的能源需求和预算到电池板的效率和制造商的声誉。)”说明了选择最好的太阳能电池板需要仔细考虑各种因素，空格处应该再次强调买之前要仔细考虑，仔细研究，C选项“It’sessentialtodoyourhomeworkbeforemakingyourdecision.(在做决定之前做足功课是很重要的。)”说明了做决定之前很有必要仔细研究，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aroundtheturnofthe2010s,duringmycollegeyears,Iwasengagedina(n)____21____jobatthelibraryduringweekendsorholidays.Oneday,amanaccompaniedbyhisyoungsoncametothecounterto____22____alargenumberofeducationalpicturebookstothelibrary.Thebooksheborrowed____23____diversesubjects,whichrangedfromgeography,animalsandhistorytospaceandthesolarsystem.Judgingfromhis____24____,IguessedhewasofAfricanorigin.Obviously,theboyseemedtohavea(n)____25____forknowledge.Thefatherwaslikelyproudasnoteverychildofthat____26____showedsuchenthusiasmforreading.Thefathersharedthatathisson’sage,hehadno____27____tosuchbooks.Hewasnowlearningalongsidehisson,____28____itasablessing.Healsomentionedfactsabouttheplanets,expressingpityforPlutoduetoitssmallsize.Whenheplacedtheson’slibrarycardonthecounterforbook____29____,Inoticeditwasatypicalchildren’scard.I____30____thefatherthatanyonewithvalid（有效的）IDcould____31____alibrarycard.Hewasastonishedtolearnthatitwasfree.____32____,heshowedhispassport.Withhisnewlibrarycard,hecouldnowchoosemorebooks.Hegladlycalledhissonto____33____additionalbookssothathecouldlearnalongwithhim.This____34____remainsmymostcherishedone,whichiswhyIhaveafirmloveandsupportforlibraries.Ialso____35____thatknowledgeispower:ThePowerToDoGood.21.A.technical B.experimental C