【创新设计】2021高考英语(四川专用)二轮复习-第4部分-阅读理解解答技巧-专题2-

Ⅰ.体验高考(2022·福建)ItwasMother'sDaymorninglastyearandIwasdoingshoppingatourlocalsupermarketwithmyfive­year­oldson，Tenyson.Aswewereleaving，wefoundthatonlyminutesearlieranelderlywomanhadfallenoverattheentranceandhadhitherheadontheconcrete.Herhusbandwaswithher，buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock.Walkingtowardsthescene，Tenysonbecameveryupsetaboutwhathadhappenedtothecouple.Hesaidtome，“Mum，it'snotmuchfunfallingoverinfrontofeveryone.”Atthefrontofthesupermarket，acharity(慈善)grouphadsetupastandsellingcookedsausagesandflowerstoraisefunds.Tenysonsuggestedthatweshouldbuytheladyaflower.“Itwillmakeherfeelbetter，”hesaid.Iwasamazedthathe'dcomeupwiththissweetidea.Sowewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflowerfortheladytocheerherup.“Justtakeit，”shereplied.“Ican'ttakeyourmoneyforsuchawonderfulgesture.”Bynowparamedics(急救人员)hadarrived，andwereattendingtotheinjuredwoman.Aswewalkeduptoher，mysonbecameintimidatedbyallthebloodandmedicalequipment.Hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher.InsteadIgavetheflowertothewoman'shusbandandtoldhim，“Mysonwasveryupsetforyourwifeandwantedtogiveherthisflowertomakeherfeelbetter.”Atthat，theoldmanstartedcryingandsaid，“Thankyousomuch，youhaveawonderfulson.HappyMother'sDaytoyou.”Themanthenbentdownandgavehiswifetheflower，tellingherwhoitwasfrom.Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken，theoldladylookedupatTenysonwithloveinhereyesandgavehimalittlesmile.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了五岁小男孩Tenyson为了使摔倒的老太太快活，向花摊买花并送给老太太的动人故事。1．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A．Onecanneverbetoocareful.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Lovebeginswithalittlesmile.D．Asmallactofkindnessbringsagreatjoy.解析推理推断题。尽管老人受伤严峻，但是仍旧向作者的儿子露出了微笑。由此可见一个小小的善举都可带来欢快。故选D项。答案D2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheelderlywomanwasknockeddownbyTenyson.B．Tenyson'sideaofbuyingaflowergainedhismother'ssupport.C．Tenyson'scarefortheelderlywomanpuzzledtheflowerseller.D．TheelderlywomanwasmovedtotearsbyTenyson'sgesture.解析事实细节题。依据第三段中sowewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflowerfortheladytocheerherup.可知Tenyson的办法获得了他母亲的支持，故选B项。答案B3．Theunderlinedword“intimidated”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．astonished B．struckC．frightened D．excited解析词义猜想题。依据hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher可猜出“intimidated”意思是“可怕的”。故选C项。答案C4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FlowerPowerB．Mother'sDayC．AnAccidentalInjuryD．AnEmbarrassingMoment解析主旨大意题。尽管老人受伤严峻，但是仍旧向作者的儿子露出了微笑。所以最好的题目应当是鲜花的力气，故选A项。答案AⅡ.仿真、模拟Passage1体裁：谈论文话题：如何减压时间：6分钟Ourchildrenfeelstressedoutbyaneducationalsystemthatactuallyusesstressasaneducationaltechnique.It'saconstantpressureofhomeworkdeadlines，essaysandexams.Andourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife.They'llendupnowhereiftheydon'tpassthisorthatexam.OureducationalsystemisbasedonaveryWesternideathatlifeisastruggleandyou'dbettermeasureup.It'ssurvivalofthefittest.Whilethereissometruthtothis，notasmuchaspeoplethink.Ourancestorsdidn'tdevelopaconstantstressenvironment.Backthen，stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly，itwasn'tlikethestressofmoderneducation.Stresswasoriginallyjustashort­termbiologicalresponsetodanger；however，theconstantstressofmoderneducationrarelystops.It'slongterm，atleasttenyearsandusuallymore.Recentresearchhasshownthattheneurological(神经系统的)responsetostressisthesameresponsethatisfoundindepression.So，what'sthesolution?Anumberhavebeenproposed，includingbutnotlimitedtothefollowing.________.Exerciseconsumesenergythatwouldotherwisebuildupinthestressresponseandcouldcausephysicalandmentalproblems.Teachrelaxationexercises.Allowingthemindandbodytorelaxcutsoffthestressresponseandreducestheneurologicalfatigue，enablingtheindividualtorecoveratleastsomewhat.Payattentiontothinking.Trainingthestressedstudenttopayattentiontohisorherownmindtoapointwhereheorsheissufficientlyawaretoshutoffthestressresponsewhennecessary.Ofcourse，there'salogicalanswertotheproblem.Justrearrangeourteachingmethodstoencourage，ratherthanprevent，thenaturalcuriosityandjoyinlearningthatweareallbornwith.Thiswouldremovethestressandprobablycutlearningtimeinhalf.【语篇导读】在现行训练制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应当怎样有效的挂念孩子减压呢？1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Dealingwithstressinmoderneducation.B．Helpingchildrenliveahappylife.C．Gettingridofthemoderneducation.D．Takingmeasurestolearnatschool.解析主旨大意题。这是一篇谈论文，叙述了现行训练制度下，如何挂念孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。答案A2．Childrenfeelstressedbecause______.A．theydisliketheeducationaltechniqueB．theyhavenoabilitytofinishtheirhomeworkC．theyareconvincedhighgradesareimportantD．theysuffernumbersoffailuresintheirlife解析细节理解题。依据文章第一段的ourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。答案C3．Howdidourancestorstreateducation?A．Theythoughteducationwastheonlywaytosuccess.B．Theyfelteducationcouldbringshort­termstress.C．Theybelievededucationcouldbringthebestout.D．Theyknewtheimportanceofgoodeducation.解析推理推断题。依据文章其次段的Backthen，stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在训练方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。答案B4．Whichofthefollowingisthebestfortheblank?A．Makesurethatkidsgetexercise.B．Quiteafewchildrenavoidexercise.C．Trytosaveenergyasmuchaspossible.D．Setafewlimitstoyourphysicalactivities.解析推理推断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参与运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。答案A5．Ifyouareateacherinahighschool______.A．youshouldrelaxyourselfasfaraspossibleB．youshouldignorethestressedstudentC．youshouldleavestudentsinagoodmoodD．youshouldsticktoyourteachingmethods解析细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应当鼓舞孩子们的古怪   心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。答案CPassage2体裁：说明文话题：网络时代时间：6分钟Thinkabouthowmanywaysthereareforyoutocommunicatetoday.Youcansendaletterorpickupthephoneandmakeacall.Buttoday，oneofthemostpopularwaystocommunicateiscalledinstantmessaging(IM)．Inanyinstantmessagingsystem，youtypealittletextmessageonyourcomputer，pressthe“Send”button，andyourmessageinstantlyshowsuponyourfriend'sscreen.Buthowdoesitwork?Actually，thewholeprocessisverycool.Inthe1980s，youcouldsitdownatacomputeratanybiguniversity.Upto100peoplewouldbeloggedinandsharethecomputerbecausethesecomputerswereveryexpensive.Youcouldtypeacommandtosendaninstantmessagetoanyoneloggedinthesamecomputer.Itfeltlikeeveryonewasconnectedtogethernomatterwheretheyweresitting.Today，youcancommunicatewithanyoneintheworld.Allyouneedisaninstantmessagingprograminstalledonyourcomputer.Therearemanyprogramstochoosefrom.AOL'sinstantmessengerisprobablythemostpopularrightnow.MSNhasone.GooglehasGoogleTalk.Whenyou'reready，youcreateanaccount.Next，youneedtofigureouttheIMnamesyourfriendsuse.AddtheirIMnamestoyourIMprogram.Clickonthefriendyouwanttotalktoandthentypeaway.Whenyouclick“Send”，yourfriendgetsthemessageinstantly.Butbehindthescenes，amazingthingsarehappening.YourIMprogramiscommunicatingwithacomputer，calledaserver，whichcouldbejustdowntheroadoreveninsomeothercity.Allyourfriends'computersarecommunicatingwithaserver，too.Yourcomputerisconstantlychattingwithittomakeeverythinghappen.ThenetworkcalledtheInternetmakesitallpossible.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前网上最流行的沟通方式——即时通信。1．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．DifferentWaysofCommunicationB．TheEasiestWaytoTalktoaFriendC．HowtoSendInstantMessagesD．DevelopmentofCommunication解析主旨大意题。依据第一段的后两句及整篇文章的内容可知，该文介绍的是如何发送即时消息，所以选C项作标题最合适。答案C2．Whydidsomanypeopleshareacomputerinthe1980s?A．Becausetheywantedtobeconnectedtoeachother.B．Becausefewpeoplecouldaffordtobuycomputers.C．Becausefewpeopleknewhowtousecomputers.D．Becausecomputersatthattimeweretoolarge.解析细节理解题。依据其次段的第三句“Upto100peoplewouldbeloggedinandsharethecomputerbecausethesecomputerswereveryexpensive.”可知，一百多个人使用一台电脑是由于电脑太贵，很少有人买得起。答案B3．Fromthepassagewecanseethat“GoogleTalk”______．A．isakindofsearchengineB．referstoacomputercompanyC．isafamouswebsiteD．isanIMprogram解析细节理解题。依据第三段内容可知，要想进行即时谈天，你需要在电脑上装一个IM程序，并且有很多这样的程序供你选择，故GoogleTalk是一个IM程序。答案D4．Theunderlined“it”inthelastparagraphmostprobablyrefersto“______”．A．aserver B．anIMprogramC．acomputer D．theInternet解析代词指代题。依据上文中的“YourIMprogramiscommunicatingwithacomputer，calledaserver”以及“Allyourfriends'computersarecommunicatingwithaserver，too.”可知，此处的it指的就是前面提到的aserver。答案APassage3体裁：记叙文话题：慈善行为时间：6分钟BasketballprofessionalTinaCharlesgrewupunderstandingtheimportanceofeducationandofgivingbacktoothers.WhentheWNBAstarandthe2022USOlympicWomen'sBasketballteamathleteheardaboutthechancetofundaschoolinanAfricanvillage，shemadesuretotakepart.Charlesfirstcameacrosstheopportunitywhileshewasasophomoreincollege.Atthattime，shedidn'thavethefundstohelpout，butallofthatchangedwhenshewasdrafted(选派)totheWNBA.Withthehelpoftwocharitableorganizations—OmniPeaceandbuildOn—Charlesfundedtheentire32,000costoftheschool.Theschool，completedearlierthisspring，wasbuiltinthesmallvillageofGanaleinwesternAfrica.BeforeCharles'contribution，childrenlivinginthevillagewereschooledintinymudhuts.Thelackofproperlightingandofproperairflowmadeitdifficultforthestudentstolearn.Thenewschoolbuildingisnearly3,000squarefeetandcontainsthreelargeclassrooms.Itcanfitupto150studentsatatimeandisalsousedforadultliteracy(读写力量)classesintheevenings.Theschoolwillbeasourceoflearningforgenerationstocome.CharlesundertookthischaritableactwhileplayingprofessionalbasketballandpreparingfortheLondonOlympics.TheOlympicGamesbegintoday，July27，andCharleswillplayforateamthathaswonthegoldmedalinthelastfourOlympicGames.Thefirst­timeOlympiccompetitorconsidersherpositionintheteam，alongwith12fellowfemalebasketballplayers，a“testamenttohowhardsheworks”．WhetheritisrepresentinghercountryintheOlympicGamesorgivingbacktothecommunity，Charlesisalwaysworkinghard.“Onceyoureceive，youhavetogive，”shetoldthereporter.“IwantedtogiveothersthesameopportunitiesIhadgrowingup.”【语篇导读】首次参与奥运会的美国女子职业篮球运动员蒂娜·查尔斯出资32000美元，为非洲的一个村子援建了一所学校。1．Charlesdidn'thelpwiththebuildingofaschoolthefirsttimeshecameacrosstheopportunitybecause______.A．shewasbusywithherstudiesB．shecouldn'tmakethedecisionC．shedidn'thaveenoughmoneyD．shewasbusyplayingbasketball解析细节理解题。依据其次段可知，在上高校期间，蒂娜就听说了为非洲援建学校的事情，但是，当时她没有钱来供应挂念。故答案为C。答案C2．Theunderlinedword“testament”inParagraph6probablymeans“______”．A．proof B．guaranteeC．investigation D．devotion解析词义猜想题。依据第六段可知，蒂娜认为自己在球队里的位置是对自己努力的一个证明。由此可推断画线词意为“证明”与proof同义。其他几个词代入原文均讲不通。答案A3．Whatdothevillagersdointhenewschoolintheevening?A．WatchTVandmovies.B．Singanddancetohavefun.C．Learnhowtoreadandwrite.D．Helpchildrenwiththeirlessons.解析细节理解题。依据第四段其次句的内容可知，成年人晚上到新学校来学识字。故答案为C。答案C4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．AnOlympianLendsaHandB．AfricanChildren'sNewLifeC．ANewSchoolforAfricanChildrenD．TheWomanOlympicCompetitor解析主旨大意题。依据文章内容可知，本文主要叙述了首次参与奥运会的美国女子篮球运动员蒂娜为非洲捐款建学校的故事，因此A项作为本文的标题最合适。答案APassage4体裁：记叙文话题：学校生活时间：6分钟Wouldyouwantadoctorwhogothighmarksinmedicalschooljustfortryinghard?Apparentlymanycollegestudentswouldhavenoproblemwiththat.Theybelievestudentsareowedagoodgradesimplybecausetheyputalotofeffortintoaclass.Theresearchersaskedover800undergraduatesiftheyagreedordisagreedwithsomestatements.Forexample：“IfIhavecompletedmostofthereadingforaclass，IdeserveaBinthatcourse.”“AprofessorshouldnotbeannoyedwithmeifIreceiveanimportantcallduringclass.”Just16%thoughtitwasOKtotakethatphonecall.But66%agreedthataprofessorshouldconsidereffortandnotjustthequalityofastudent'sworkwhendecidinggrades.And40%thoughttheyshouldgetaB，thesecondhighestmark，justbecausetheydidmostofthereadingforclass.Someexpertsaren'tsurprisedthatstudentsoftenseenodifferencebetweeneffortandresults.Socialcriticsliketosaythatinchildren'sactivitiesthesedays，everyonegetsanawardjustfortrying，sonoonewillfeelrejected.Yetcompetitiontogetintothebestcollegesisfiercerthanever.Studentsmayworrythatlowgradeswillkeepthemoutofgraduateschooloragoodjob.Andtheremaybeanotherexplanation:pressurefromparentstogetagoodreturnonthefamily'sinvestment.Thesedays,collegecancostmorethanahouse.AformerteachingassistantrecentlywrotetoTheNewYorkTimesabouthisexperiencewithgradeexpectations.Hewouldtrytoexplainitthiswaywhenstudentsaskedforatopgradejustforstudyinghardinchemistryclass.Whatifabaseballplayercametospringtrainingandworkedharderthanalltheothers，butstillcouldnotplaywell?Wouldtheteamaccepthimanyway，justbecausehetriedsohard?Thestudentswouldsayno.ButmostofthemwouldstillaskforanA.【语篇导读】很多高校生认为只要他们努力学习，就应当得到高的分数，但是专家认为，努力和结果不能等同。1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Whetherstudentsdeservehighmarksjustfortryinghard.B．Whetherstudentsareallowedtoanswercallsinclass.C．Howstudentscangetagoodgradeinthecourse.D．Whystudentsputalotofeffortsintheirstudies.解析主旨大意题。依据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“Theybelievestudentsareowedagoodgradesimplybecausetheyputalotofeffortintoaclass.”可知，文章主要争辩的是“付出努力是否应当得到高分”。答案A2．Accordingtotheresearch，mostofthestudents______.A．thoughtitwasallrighttoanswerthecallduringclassB．objectedtodecidinggradesonlybythequalityofastudent'sworkC．thoughttheydidmostoftheworkforclassandshouldgetaBD．agreedthattheyshouldbegiventopgradesbecauseoftheirhardwork解析细节理解题。依据第三段的其次句“But66%agreedthataprofessorshouldconsidereffortandnotjustthequalityofastudent'sworkwhendecidinggrades.”可知，大多数的同学不同意教授只依据功课的质量来打算分数。答案B3．Fromthesixthparagraphwecanlearnthat______.A．itcostsmuchmoretobuildacollegethantobuyahouseB．thecostsofstudyingatcollegearemuchmorethanstayingathomeC．thecostsofsendingachildtocollegearemuchmorethanbuyingahouseD．itisdifficultforparentstosendachildtocollege解析细节理解题。依据第六段中的“Thesedays，collegecancostmorethanahouse.”可知，如今供孩子上高校的费用比买房的费用还高。答案C4．Whatdoestheformerassistantwanttotellstudentswiththeexampleofthebaseballplayer?A．Effortcanleadtogoodresults.B．Effortisverynecessary.C．Effortandresultsarequitedifferent.D．Nogoodresults，effortisunnecessary.解析推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“Wouldtheteamaccepthimanyway，justbecausehetriedsohard？”的反问来看，他想让同学知道“努力不等于好结果”。答案CPassage5体裁：谈论文话题：欧美风情时间：6分钟Theycanbedampandcold.Butwithagrowingnumberofmenseeingtheshedasahomefromhome，researchclaimsthesolitude(独处)itprovidesatthebottomofthegardencouldactuallybegoodfortheirhealth.AstudypublishedintheBritishMedicalJournalsuggeststhatthepeacefulretreat(退隐)mayhelplowerbloodpressure.Itsauthor，ProfessorAlanWhiteofLeedsMetropolitanUniversity，claimsthehoursspentpottering(闲逛)aboutinshedsdoingoddjobsalsohaveapositiveeffectonmen'sself­esteem.“Menfinddoingthingsrelaxingandthatinitselfisgoodfortheirhealth，”hesaid.“There'sasenseofachievementthatmengetfromstartingatasktoseeingitcompleted.Menknowwhatashedmeansandtheyfeelcomfortable.”Suchhasbeenthegrowthinitspopularitythatcommunal(共享的)shedsarebeingsetuptoenablementosharetheirloveofpotteringandDIY.The“Men'sSheds”initiativehasitsrootsinAustralia.But20communalshedshavealreadysprungupintheUKfromtheLakeDistricttoGreenwich.PeterBaker，chiefexecutiveoftheMen'sHealthForum，acharityinvolvedinthescheme，said,“They'vecaughtmen'simagination.Menliketopotter.”Thereareapproximately11.5milliondomesticshedsinBritain—ahigherconcentrationthananywhereelseintheworld—and1.5millionaresoldeveryyear.Furthermore，Britonsspendmorethan60millionhoursaweekinthem.OriginatingfromtheAnglo­Saxonword“scead”，meaningshade，thepeacefulretreatremainsaplaceforthelawnmowerandpottingbenchbuthasalsobeentransformedintoagamesroomandevenaminipub.【语篇导读】庭院贮存室在英国很受男性的欢迎，由于它们不仅对男性的身体健康有好处，而且还可以提升他们的自尊。1．Communalshedsarepopularbecause______.A．mencansharetheirloveofpotteringandDIYthereB．mencankeepawayfromotherfamilymembersthereC．mencanstaythereforthegoodoftheirhealthD．mencancompleteanimportanttaskthere解析细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句可知，男人在庭院贮存室可以共享他们对闲逛的爱好以及自己动手做事情的乐趣。答案A2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutgardensheds?A．Menwillfeelrelaxedinthem.B．Menwillfeellonelystayinginthem.C．Theyonlybenefitmenphysically.D．Theycanhelpraisemen'sconfidence.解析细节理解题。综合文章其次段所给的信息，庭院贮存室不仅对男性身体有好处，而且能够提高他们的自尊，它们对男性的影响是乐观的，而B项说明的是本文并未提及的庭院贮存室的负面作用，因此不对。答案B3．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Gardenshedsarejustaplaceformentowork.B．Gardenshedsarenotusedbymenonly.C．Gardenshedsaremainlyusedasastoreroom.D．Gardenshedsserveseveralpurposesformen.解析推理推断题。文章最终一段说明，庭院贮存室不仅是存放割草机和盆栽长櫈的地方，而且还可作为玩耍室和迷你pub，由此推断D项正确。答案D4．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThepopularityofgardenshedsB．ThenewuseofgardenshedsC．HowtobuildgardenshedsD．Gardenshedsimprovemen'shealth解析主旨大意题。综合全文，特殊是文章第一段可知，文章主要说明庭院贮存室对男性健康的好处。答案D【长难句解读】原文Suchhasbeenthegrowthinitspopularitythatcommunal(共享的)shedsarebeingsetuptoenablementosharetheirloveofpotteringandDIY.译文庭院贮存室如此受欢迎，以至于人们搭建起公用的贮存室，让男人在里面共享他们对闲逛的爱好和自己动手的乐趣。分析本句是一个复合句，接受了倒装形式。such...that...句式，假如把such置于句首，就要用倒装语序。Passage6体裁：记叙文话题：公共服务时间：7分钟Theworldoftaxidriversisdominatedbymen.ButthereisonesmalltaxicompanyinDelhi，whereallthedriversandpassengersarefemale.Women'ssafetyisahottopicinIndiaatthemoment，soit'sprovingaverypopularservice.“WhenI'montheroaddrivingourtaxiIfeelveryproud，becausethisisthefirsttaxiserviceonlyforwomen，”says31­year­oldShantiSharma，whoisoneofeightfemaledriverswithataxiservicecalledCabsforWomenbyWomen.Thelastcoupleofmonths，sincetherapeandmurderinthecityofacollegestudenttravellingonabus，havebeenparticularlybusyforherandhercolleagues.“Afterthiscase，ourworkloadhasincreasedsomuch，”saysSharma.“Womenwhousedothercabservicesarealsoturningtousnow.”MostwomeninDelhisaytheyroutinelyfaceharassment(骚扰)，andworse，especiallyonpublictransport.Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithaschangedherlife.Thisisthefirsttimethatshehasearnedenough—about250amonth—tosupportherfamily.Ofcourse，sheandtheotherfemaletaxidriversarecompletelyoutnumberedbymalecabbies.“WhenIparksomewheretherearealwaysmenthereandinevitablyfiveorsixofthemgettogetherandhangout，”shesays.“I'musuallytheonlywomanintheparkinglot，soIjuststayins