2022北京市高考英语一轮阅读理解专题训练及答案7

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Inacab,awomanseemedinsuchahurry．Sheconstantlyrushedthecabdrivertodrivequickly．Shewassoabsorbedinherownthoughtsofgettingtotheairportassoonaspossiblethatshewasnotawaretheyweregoingbyadifferentroute.Allofasudden,ayoungmangotinsidethecab．Hetookherhandbaginwhichshehadputhervisa,passport,andallthemoneyforthetrip.Thecabdriver,whowasincollusionwiththerobber,leftherintheexactlymiddleofadarkstreet．Shethoughtthatshewasratherunfortunateintheverysituation.Duringtheverynight,shewastoldapieceofshockingnews．Tearscamedownhercheek．Flight360,theplanethatsheshouldhavegotonboard,hadcrashed．Hadshenotlostherimportantbelongings,shecouldsurelyhavelostthethingfarmoreprecious——herlife.Sometimesbadthingsreallyhappen．Therearetimeswhennothingseemstogoourway．Sowhatshouldwedoaboutit?Wemustgetridofallthesefrustrationsandstartalloveragaininthefaiththatwewillgetwhatwedeserve．Don’twasteyourtimeandenergyonthingsthatcan’tbechanged．Continuousworryingwillonlyaffectyourhealthandyou’llbedoingmuchmoredamagethanwhatwaspreviouslydone.Whatifitwastheotherwayround?Whatifweneverranoutofgoodluck?Therewasamanwhowonthelottery．Hebecamegreedyandwastedallhismoneyoneverythinghecouldgethishandson.Butwhenheonedaymadeittothefrontpageofthenewspaperagain,itwasadifferentstory．Hehadbeenkilledbecauseofhisriches．Ifyouattaingoodluck,youcanneverbetoosecureaboutit．Lifeissounpredictable．Youneverknowwhatwillhappennext.Liveonedayatatime．Wesometimessubjectourselvestounnecessaryemotionaltrouble．Butpleasedon’tforget:sometimesmisfortunecanbethesourceofhappiness．Liveforthemoment．Dowhatmustbedoneforthepresentandthefuturewillturnoutjustfine．Believeme．Andbelieveinyourself．AsCaptainPlanetalwayssays,“Thepowerisyours！”1．Theunderlinedphrase“incollusionwith”inParagraph3probablymeans“________.”A．wasforcedby B．wasfightingbravelyagainstC．wasdoingone’sbesttobeg D．hadcooperatedwith2．Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.A．robbersaresuretogetwhattheywant B．somebodyneverrunsoutofgoodluckC．thewomanwasluckytomissherflight D．ifonefeelsoneselflucky,heorshewillcontinuetobeso3．Thewriterpresentsthesecondexampleinorderto________.A．warnpeopleofthedangerofwinningthelotteryB．tellpeoplelifeisunpredictableC．encouragepeopletobuylottery D．persuadepeoplenottobegreedy4．Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingchoicesisthecorrectattitudetoadopttolife?A．Neverwasteanytimeorenergybecausetimeissolimited.B．Oneneedn’tbeworriedorfeelfrustrated．Believeinyourself.C．Evenwhileeverythingappearstobegoingsmoothly,weshouldkeepfullyalert.D．Worryingaboutwhatyoudon’thave5．Thepassageaboveisintendedtotellus________.A．misfortunesometimesisablessing B．weshouldsaveupforarainydayC．fortunejustgoeswiththosepreparedminds D．bothlossesandgainsgohandinhand【参考答案】15、DCBBA 【2022高考英语吉林省试验中学一模试题】B“Agoodbookforchildrenshouldsimplybeagoodbookinitsownright”saysMollieHunter.BornandbroughtupnearEdinburgh，Molliehasdevotedhertalentstowritingprimarilyforyoungpeople.Shefirmlybelievesthatthereisandshouldalwaysbeawideraudienceforanygoodbookwhateveritsmainmarketis.InMollie’sopinionitisnecessarytomakefulluseoflanguageandsheenjoystellingastory，whichiswhateverywritershouldbedoing.“Ifyouaren’ttellingastory,you’reaverydeadwriterindeed.”Shesays.Withthechieffunctionofawriterbeingtoentertain，Mollieisindeedanentertainer.“Ihavethisgreatloveofnotonlythemeaningoflanguagebutofthemusicoflanguage,”shesays.“Thislovegoesbacktoearlychildhood.Ihadaschoolteacherwhousedtoaskuswhatwewouldliketobewhenwegrewupand，becausemyfamilyalwayshaddogs，andIwasverygoodathandlingthem，IsaidIwantedtoworkwithdogs，andtheteacheralwayssaid‘Nonsense，Mollie；dear，you’llbeawriter.’SofinallyIthoughtthatthiswomanmusthavesomething，sinceshewasagoodteacherandIdecidedwhenIwasninethatIwouldbeawriter.”Thischildhoodintentionisdescribedinhernovel，ASoundofChariots，whichalthoughwritteninthethirdpersonisclearlyautobiographical(自传体的)andgivesapicturebothofMollie’sambitionandherstruggletowardsitsachievement.Thoughtsofherchildhoodinevitably(不行避开地)broughtthoughtsofthetimewhenherhomewasstillavillagewithbuttercupmeadowsandstrawberryfields—sadlynowcoveredwithmodernhouses.“IwasoncetakenbacktoseeitandIfeltthatsomebodyhadlaindirtyhandsallovermychildhood.I’llnevergoback，”shesaid“Never.WhenIsetoneofmybooksinScotland”shesaid“Icanrecallmyromanticfeelingsasachildplayinginthosefields，orwatchingthevillageblacksmithatwork.Andthat’simportantbecausechildrennowknowsomuchsoearlythatromancecan’texistforthem,asitdidforus.”60.WhatdoesMollieHunterfeelaboutthenatureofagoodbook?A．Itshouldnotaimatanarrowaudience.B．Itshouldbeattractivetoyoungreaders.C．Itshouldbebasedonoriginalideas.D．Itshouldnotincludetoomuchconversation.61.InMollieHunter’sopinion，whichofthefollowingisonesignofapoorwriter?A．Beingpoorinlifeexperience.B．Beingshortofwritingskills.C．Theweaknessofdescription.D．Theabsenceofastory.62.WhatdowelearnaboutMollieHunterasayoungchild?A．Shedidn’texpecttobecomeawriter.B．Shedidn’tenjoywritingstories.C．Shedidn’thaveanyparticularambitions.D．Shedidn’trespectherteacher’sviews.63.What’sthewriter’spurposeinthistext?A．ToshareherenjoymentofMollieHunter’sbooks.B．TointroduceMollieHunter’sworktoawideraudience.C．ToprovideinformationforMollieHunter’sexistingreaders.D．TodescribeMollieHunter’smostsuccessfulbooks.【参考答案】【参考答案】60-63ADABPassageSeven(TheMostImportantofAllHumanQualitiesisaSenseofHumor)

Biologically,thereisonlyonequalitywhichdistinguishesusfromanimals:theabilitytolaugh.Inauniversewhichappearstobeutterlydevoidofhumor,weenjoythissupremeluxury.Anditisaluxury,forunlikeanyotherbodilyprocess,laughterdoesnotseemtoserveabiologicallyusefulpurpose.Inadivideworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.Humanbeingsopposeeachotheronagreatmanyissues.Nationsmaydisagreeaboutsystemsofgovernmentandhumanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalfactionsandpoliticalcamps,butweallsharetheabilitytolaugh.Andlaughter,inturn,dependsonthatmostcomplexandsubtleofallhumanqualities:asenseofhumorCertaincomicstereotypeshaveauniversalappeal.Thiscanbestbeseenfromtheworld-widepopularityofCharlieChaplin’searlyfilms.Thelittlemanatoddswithsocietyneverfailstoamusenomatterwhichcountrywecomefrom.Asthatgreatcommentatoronhumanaffairs,Dr.SamuelJohnson,onceremarked,‘Menhavebeenwiseinverydifferentmodes;buttheyhavealwayslaughedinthesameway.’

Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromarefinedtingletoanearthquakingroar,buttheeffectisalwaysthesame.Humorhelpsustomaintainacorrectsenseofvalues.Itistheonequalitywhichpoliticalfanaticsappeartolack.Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremovedfromcomedy,sowenevergetalopsidedviewofthings.

Thisisoneofthechieffunctionsofsatireandirony.Humanpainandsufferingaresogrim;wehoversooftenonthebrinkofwar;politicalrealitiesareusuallyenoughtoplungeusintototaldespair.Insuchcircumstances,cartoonsandsatiricalaccountsofsomberpoliticaleventsredressthebalance.Theytakethewindoutofpompousandarrogantpoliticianswhohavelosttheirsenseofproportion.Theyenableustoseethatmanyofourmostprofoundactionsaremerelycomicorabsurd.WelaughwhenagreatsatiristlikeSwiftwritesaboutwarinGulliver’sTravels.

TheLilliputiansandtheirneighborsattackeachotherbecausetheycan’tagreewhichendtobreakanegg.Welaughbecausewemeanttolaugh;butwearemeanttoweeptoo.Itistoopowerfulaweapontobeallowedtoflourish.

Thesenseofhumormustbesingledoutasman’smostimportantqualitybecauseitisassociatedwithlaughter.Andlaughter,inturn,isassociatedwithhappiness.Courage,determination,initiative–thesearequalitieswesharewithotherformsoflife.Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Ifhappinessisoneofthegreatgoalsoflife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.

1.Themostimportantofallhumanqualitiesis

[A]asenseofhumor.

Asenseofsatire.

[C]Asenseoflaughter.

[D]Asenseofhistory.

2.TheauthormentionsaboutCharlieChaplin’searlyfilmsbecause

[A]theycanamusepeople.

Humanbeingsaredifferentfromanimals.

[C]Theyshowthatcertaincomicstereotypeshaveauniversalappeal.

[D]Theyshowthatpeoplehavethesameabilitytolaugh.

3.Oneofthechieffunctionsofironyandsatireis

[A]toshowabsurdityofactions.

toredressbalance.

[C]totakethewindoutofpoliticians.

[D]toshowtoomuchgrimnessintheworld.

4.Whatdowelearnfromthesentence‘itistoopowerfulaweapontobeallowedtoflourishintotalitarianregimes?’

[A]Itcanrevealthetruthofpoliticaleventswithsatire.

Itcanarousepeopletoriot.

[C]Itshowstragedyandcomedyarerelated.

[D]Itcanmakepeoplelaugh.

5.WhoisSwift?

[A]Anovelist.

Apoet.

[C]Adramatist.

[D]Aessayist.

Vocabulary

1.devoid

没有，缺乏

2.plague

n.瘟疫，惹人苦恼的人和事v.给……造成麻烦，苦痛，困难

3.faction

派别

4.comicstereotype

可笑/滑稽的模式

5.commentator

（集注）作者，评论员，解说员

6.tinkle

n.一连串的丁零声，电话声，v.使发出丁零声

7.fanatic

狂热者（尤指宗教、政治的狂热）

8.lop-sided

不均匀的

9.hover

飞行，回旋；彷徨

10.somber

低沉的，暗淡的，严峻的

11.redress

订正，补偿

12.pompous

自大的，浮夸的

13.arrogant

傲慢的

14.proportion

均衡，均匀，平衡，比例

15.Lilliputian

微型的，微小的，源自《格列佛游记》中的小人国里的人

16.totalitarian

极权主义的

17.regime

政体，政权，统治方式或制度

难句译注

1．

Inadividedworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.

【参考译文】在分裂的世界中，笑是一种促成全都（团结）的力气。

2．

Humanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalfactionsandpoliticalcamps,

【参考译文】人际关系可能因思想意识派别和政治阵营的不同而受侵扰。

3．

Certaincomicstereotypeshaveauniversalappeal.

【参考译文】某些滑稽的模式具有全球性的效果。

4．

CharlieChaplin查理•卓别林1889-1977，英国讽刺滑稽剧及电影演员，导演及制片人。

5．

Atoddswithsociety和社会格格不入。

6．

Dr.SamuelJohnson撒缪尔•约翰生，1709-1784，英国辞典编撰者及作家。

7．

Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromarefinedtinkletoanearthquakingroar.

【参考译文】幽默感表现的方式多种多样，笑或许是银铃般优雅轻笑，或许是震耳欲聋的放声大笑。

8．

Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.

【参考译文】假如我们能见到可笑的一面，我们就不会犯这种错误：对自己看得过重（自以为了不起）。

9．

Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremovedfromcomedy,sowenevergetalop-sidedviewofthings.

【参考译文】我们会经常提示自己祸兮福所伏（悲剧离喜剧实际并不遥远），那我们决不会偏执一词地看事物。

10．

Takethewindoutofsb’ssails使某人气馁或泄气。

11．

SwiftJonathanswift乔纳森•思维福特166