2021贵阳市高考英语语法填空、短文改错、阅读类训练(5)及答案

2021贵阳市高考英语语法填空、短文改错、阅读类训练（5）及答案阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16～25的相应位置上。OrvilleandWilburWrightwerethetwoAmericanbrothersthatinventedthefirstairplane.Theystartedoutasbicyclerepairmen.Soon,theybecameinterestedindifferenttypesofmachinesandbegantolearn16themachinesworked.Theyobservedbirdsflying17(get)ideas,aswellasreadaboutotherinventors'attemptstomakeaircraft.In1900,thebrotherscompletedtheirfirstdesignofakiteglider(滑翔机)andtested18inNorthCarolina.Theytestedkiteglidersbothwithandwithout19pilot.Finally,in1903,thefirstengine-poweredWrightFlyer20(invent).The"WrightFlyerI"hadagasengineandwoodenpropellers(螺旋桨).Afterthey21(continue)improvedituponearlierdesigns,thebrotherssuccessfullyreceivedapatent(专利)in190622theirFlyingMachine.Modernairplanestodayareverydifferent23thefirstFlyingMachine.Theyflyfaster,aremuchlarger,andhavetelevisionsetsbuiltinforpassengers'24(enjoy).Someplaneshaveseats25lieflattobecomebedsandontheverynewestplanes,passengerscanevenusetheInternet!【参考答案】16、how17、toget18、it19、a20、wasinvented21、continuously22、for23、from24、enjoyment25、that/which【2021广东省广州市调研测试】完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Rebuildingabrokenfriendshipcanbedifficult.The1maynotbeeasytogetover,butyoushouldtry.Bethefirsttotalktoyourfriend.Ifitwasn’tyourfault,thenitshouldbeeasyto2yourfriend.Tellherthatherfriendshipismore3toyouthananysillymisunderstanding.Begenerous,andshewillacceptyourapology.Neverreturntothispainful4unlessshebringsitup.Ifthefaultwasyours,tellhersoand5thatyoushouldneverhavesaidwhatyousaidordonewhatyoudid.Don’tsendheranemailor6her.Youhavetobebraveandapologizetoherinperson.Ifyou’relucky,shemight7itatonce;otherwise,youwillhavetogiveher8torecover.Getyoursharedfriendstohelpifyourfirstattempthasbeen9.Butdon’tgiveup.Provetoyourfriendthatshe’sworthfightingforandthatyou’re10toshowhowsorryyouarebybeingmatureand11untilshe’sreadytoforgiveyou.Afriendshipcanbebrokeninaminutedueto12talkorjealousy.Atruefriendshiphoweverisworthmendingbuttakeit13,stepbystep.Talktoheraboutthegoodtimesyouhadandthebadtimeswhenyouhelpedeachother.Tellherhow14itwouldbeforyoutolosesomeoneyouvalueandrespectsomuch.Showherthatyourbrokenfriendshipmustbemendedbecauseyoucannot15tokeepitbrokenforever.1. A.friendship B.feeling C.hurt D.talk【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解力气。friendship友情；feeling感觉；hurt苦痛；talk谈话。依据Rebuildingabrokenfriendshipcanbedifficult.可知既然是破坏的友情就会带来苦痛或伤痛。这种伤痛不简洁克服，故选C。2. A.forgive B.encourage C.ignore D.blame【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解力气。forgive原谅；encourage鼓舞；ignore忽视；blame责怪。依据shewillacceptyourapology，假如不是你的错，你就很简洁的原谅你的伴侣。故选A。3. A.dependable B.valuable C.acceptable D.considerable【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解力气。dependable牢靠的；valuable有价值的；acceptable可接受的；considerable值得考虑的。告知她她的友情是更有益的比那些愚蠢的理解，故选B。4. A.conversation B.friendship C.idea D.topic【答案】D【解析】考查名词及语境的理解力气。conversation交谈；friendship友情；idea想法；topic话题。不要回到那种苦痛的话题除非她自己提出，故选D。5. A.analyze B.explain C.demonstrate D.conclude【答案】B【解析】考查动词及语境的理解力气。analyze分析；explain解释；demonstrate证明；conclude推断。假如错误是你的，你就告知她是这样的并且解释你不应当说你曾经说过的话或曾经做过事情，故选B。6. A.call B.meet C.avoid D.join【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解力气。call打电话；meet遇见；avoid避开；join加入。依据下文可知apologizetoherinperson，要亲自赔礼。不要给她发邮件或者打电话。，故选A。7. A.confirm B.welcome C.face D.accept【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解力气。confirm确定；welcome欢迎；face面对；accept接受。依据you’relucky，可知假如是幸运的，她可能马上接受你的赔礼，故选D。8. A.courage B.time C.reason D.strength【答案】B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解力气。courage士气；time时间；reason缘由；strength力气。依据otherwise，表示另一种相反的状况毁灭。否则，你就必需给她时间渐渐地去恢复，故选B。9. A.offensive B.surprising C.unsuccessful D.unacceptable【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解力气。offensive攻击的，冒犯的；surprising惊异的；unsuccessful不成功的；unacceptable不能接受的。依据上文可知假如你没有成功，你就可以让的伴侣去帮忙，故选C。10. A.willing B.delighted C.scared D.upset【答案】A【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解力气。willing乐意的；delighted兴奋的； scared可怕的；upset心烦的。你要证明你是情愿通过你的恳切和急躁表示你的歉意，直到她乐意原谅你，故选A。11. A.polite B.faithful C.patient D.eager【答案】C【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解力气。polite有礼貌的；faithful忠诚的；patient急躁的；eager渴望的。你要证明你是情愿通过你的恳切和急躁表示你的歉意，直到她乐意原谅你，故选C。12. A.unprepared B.informal C.meaningless D.careless【答案】D【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解力气。unprepared无预备的；informal非正式的；meaningless无意义的；careless马虎的。依据Afriendshipcanbebroken，友情可能很快就会消逝由于马虎的谈话或者嫉妒，故选D。13. A.slowly B.seriously C.softly D.kindly【答案】A【解析】考查副词及语境的理解力气。slowly渐渐地；seriously严峻地；softly温存地；kindly和气地。真正的友情需要弥补，但是需要一步一步渐渐地来，故选A。14. A.strange B.difficult C.impractical D.pointless【答案】B【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解力气。strange惊异的；difficult困难的； impractical不切实际的；pointless无意义的。告知她失去你珍惜和敬重的人是多么的难，故选B。15. A.wait B.live C.hope D.afford【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解力气。wait等候；live居住；hope期望；afford赐予，买得起。向她表明你的裂开的友情可以弥补，由于你不行能让这种裂开的友情永存，故选D。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?Well,apparentlyit’sbecausewehavemirrorneurons(神经元)inourbrains.Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething,ourbrainsimitate(仿照)it,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmile,talk,walk,danceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactions,theyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrains,butespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguages,andtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistento(forexample:“Thehandtookholdoftheball”),thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformed(inthisexample,actuallytakingholdofaball).Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.However,itisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract(互动).Indeed,itmayturnouttobetheequivalent(相等物)forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein’stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—well,perhapsyou’llunderstandwhy.1.Mirrorneuronscanexplain.A.whywecrywhenwearehurtB.whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacoldC.whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmileD.whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate2.Theunderlinedword“triggered”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“”.A.setoffB.cutoffC.builtupD.brokenup3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons.A.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteractionB.controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelingsC.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisordersD.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Waystofindmirrorneurons.B.Problemsofmirrorneurons.C.Existenceofmirrorneurons.D.Functionsofmirrorneurons.【参考答案】1—4、CAAD模拟短文改错Whenwetalkaboutcitylife,we’llthinktall 1．_________buildings,busystreetsandcomfortablelive 2．_________conditions．Besides,thereismuchpollutionin 3．_________thecitynow．Peoplehavetoputupwithnoisy 4．_________andharmfulsmoke．Howaboutcountrylife?The 5．________