2020-2021学年云南省丽江市高一下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题（解析版）+听力

2020-2021学年云南省丽江市高一下学期期末教学质量监测英语试题（满分150分，考试用时120分钟）注意事项：1．本卷为试题卷。考生必须在答题卡上解题作答。答案应书写在答题卡的相应位置上，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。2．考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaflowershop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Anicecream.B.Awatermelon.C.Somepeaches.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Friends.4.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Calm.B.Excited.C.Unhappy.5.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Hisneighborneedshelp.B.Hehasahearingproblem.C.Histelephoneisbroken.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthemando?A.Openthewindow.B.Tidythethingsup.C.Mopthefloor.7.Howwillthewomandealwiththeoldthings?A.Bydonatingthem.B.Byputtingtheminthecabinet.C.Bygettingridofthem.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemansayaboutnewspapers?A.They'reoutoffashion.B.Almostnoonereadsthemnow.C.They'reuseful.9.Howoftendoesthemanbuymagazines?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceaquarter.10.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A.Readingbooksinthesunnyafternoon.B.Readingmagazinesinacafe.C.Readingbooksaboutfashion.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.12.Whowillthemanprobablytravelwith?A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman'ssister.C.Thespeakers'friend.13.Whereisthewoman'ssisternow?A.Inthehospital.B.Atthewoman'shome.C.Inherownworkplace.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheapartment?A.Fromanadvertisement.B.Fromtheformerrenter.C.Fromafriend.15.Whenwilltheapartmentbecleaned?A.Bytomorrowafternoon.B.Infivedays.C.Intendays.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A.Itisn'tfurnished.B.It'sinneedofrepair.C.It'squiteconvenient.17.Whatmayannoythewoman?A.Walkingalongwaytobuythings.B.Somethingoftengoeswrong.C.Movinghouse.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanyparcelsareexpectedtobedeliveredthisyear?A.30.8billion.B.83billion.C.95.5billion.19.Whatwillbedonetoencouragegreenerpackaging?A.2,000boxesrecyclestationswillbebuilt.B.Allpackageswillbewrappedonlyonce.C.Newenergyvehicleswillbeusedtodeliverpackages.20.Whatisonthelist?A.Thelocationsofrecyclestations.B.Thewrappingproducts.C.Thetypesofnewenergyvehicles.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATopMusicFestivalsin20CoachellaSellingoutfasteveryyear,theIndiodesertbecomesafashionableplacewherethecoolestbandsarewatchedbytrendypeopleandcelebrities.Nearthetopofeveryone'sbucketlistoffestivals,Coachellaisaconstantsourceofannualexpectationandahotbedformusicaldiscussion.When&.where:April9-11&.16-18,20;IndioUltraMusicFestivalSeenastheultimategatheringforelectronicmusicfansacrossthenationandglobe,thestreetsofMiamiturnintoaboldandbumpingpartywithpopularDJsplayingwhatwillbethesoundsofsummer.When&where:March26-28,20;MiamiSouthBySouthWestRegardedastheultimatetrend-setterandlauncherofcareers,SXSWisanannualshowcaseofmusic,filmsandinteractivehighlightsenjoyedthroughperformances,showcases,talks,screeningsandmore.VirtuallytakingoverthecityofAustin,everyoneintheworldofmusicfromfanstomediaflockheretodiscoverthenextbigthing.When&,where:March16-20,20;AustinTheGovernorsBallMusicFestivalAnothereventwhichprovesthemusiclovingpotentialofRandall'sIslandParkisGovernorsBall,anexcitingandinfectiousmixofrock,hip-hop,electronic,popandfolk.Providingavarietyofmusicandfoodtastes,whetheryoulooktokickbackandrelaxordancetothebeats,GovernorsBallhaswhatyouwant.When&where:June11-14,20;NewYork1.Whichmusicfestivallaststhemostdays?A.Coachella B.UltraMusicFestival.C.SouthBySouthWest D.TheGovernorsBallMusicFestival.2.WhatisspecialaboutUltraMusicFestival?A.It'sheldinapark.B.ItfeatureselectronicmusicC.It'sagatheringofpopularDJs.D.It'sthemostpopularinthecountry.3.Whichcitycouldyougoifyoulovebothmusicandmovies?A.Indio. B.Miami. C.Austin D.NewYork.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了20年四个著名的音乐节。【1题详解】细节理解题。对照每一节中“When&.where”部分，根据Coachella下列“When&.where:April9-11&.16-18,20;Indio(何时&.何地：4月9-11日&.20年6月16日至18日；Indio)”可知，Coachella持续六天，是四个音乐节里面持续时间最长的。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二节UltraMusicFestival下列段落中“Seenastheultimategatheringforelectronicmusicfansacrossthenationandglobe…(被视为全国乃至全球电子音乐爱好者的终极聚会……)”可知，UltraMusicFestival是一个以电子乐为主的音乐节。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三节SouthBySouthWest下列段落中“Regardedastheultimatetrend-setterandlauncherofcareers,SXSWisanannualshowcaseofmusic,filmsandinteractivehighlightsenjoyedthroughperformances,showcases,talks,screeningsandmore.VirtuallytakingoverthecityofAustin,everyoneintheworldofmusicfromfanstomediaflockheretodiscoverthenextbigthing.(作为终极潮流的引领者和职业生涯的启动者，SXSW是一个通过表演、展示、演讲、放映等方式享受音乐、电影和互动亮点的年度展示。几乎占领了整个Austin市，音乐界的每个人，从歌迷到媒体，都聚集在这里来发现下一个大事件。)”可知，如果你既喜欢音乐又喜欢电影，你应该去Austin市。故选C项。BAnearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters.Itmaycausegreatdamage.Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.Fragileitemslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybrokenandshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface,nearthegroundinsteadofplacingtheminthecupboardshigherup.Neverplacethemnearyourbed,sofasandotherfurniturewhereyouwouldbesittingorlyingdown.Whenthereisastrongmovement,thesepieceswillfallonthefloordirectlyandnotonyou.Thereisastrongchanceofshortcircuits(短路)andfireduringanearthquake.Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.Duringanearthquake,liebeneathanobjectthatisnoteasilydamaged.Donotgonearobjectsthatcoulddirectlyfallonyou.Neverusetheelevatortogodown.Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Researchhasshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.Usethestaircasesatalltimes.Ifyouareoutdoors,donottakeshelterunderatree,streetlights,electricpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopyourcarandstayinasafeplace.Donotparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.Iftrappedindebris(瓦砾堆),coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.Taponapipeorthewallsothatrescuerscanfindyou.Useawhistle(哨子)ifoneisabletoget.Nevershoutforhelp.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindangerousamountsofdust.Donotlightamatch(火柴)becauseyoumayburnyourself.Donotmoveaboutorkickupdust.4.Thepurposeofthepassageistotellreaders__________.A.thedamagecausedbyearthquakes B.therescueworkafterearthquakesC.howtopreventearthquakes D.whattodoaboutearthquakes5.Theunderlinedword“Fragile”inParagraph2probablymeans“__________”．A.Easilyfound B.EasilybrokenC.Expensive D.Heavy6.Duringtheearthquake,peopleareadvisedto__________.A.gooutofthebuildingatonce B.drivetoasafeplacequicklyC.takeshelterunderatree D.turnoffelectricityandgasimmediately7.Whentrappedindebris,you’dbetternot___________.A.shoutforhelpaloud.B.coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.C.taponapipeorthewallhardsothatrescuerscanfindyou.D.useawhistleifpossible.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些应对地震的安全技巧。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters.Itmaycausegreatdamage.Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.”可知，地震是最常见的自然灾害之一，可能会造成很大的损害，因此，学习一些简单的安全技巧来保护你自己或你的家人是明智的，由此可知，这篇文章主要是告诉读者如何应对地震，故D项正确。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“itemslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybroken”可知，玻璃制品属于易碎物品，很容易破碎，由此可知画线词词义为“易碎的、易坏的”，故B项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.”可知，当地震发生时，请立即关闭电源和煤气，由此可知，当地震发生时，人们应该立即关闭电源和煤气，故D项正确。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Iftrappedindebris(瓦砾堆),coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.Taponapipeorthewallsothatrescuerscanfindyou.Useawhistle(哨子)ifoneisabletoget.Nevershoutforhelp.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindangerousamountsofdust.”可知，如果被困在废墟中，用手帕或衣服捂住嘴；轻敲管道或墙壁，以便救援人员能找到你；如果可以的话，用口哨；不要大声呼救，大喊会使你吸入大量危险的灰尘，由此可知，当被困在废墟中时，你最好不要大声呼救，故A项正确。CIwasunbelievablyproudofmynine–year–olddaughter,Emily.Determinedtobuyamountainbike,she’dbeensavingherpocketmoneyalltheyear,aswellasdoingsmalljobstoearnextramoney.ByThanksgivingDay,shehadcollectedonly＄49.Isaid,“Youcanhaveyourpickfrommybicyclecollection.”“Thanks,Daddy.Butyourbikesaresoold.”Shewasright.Allmygirls’bikeswere1980smodels,notthekindkidstodaywouldlikelychoose.AsChristmasdrewnear,EmilyandIwentbikeshopping.Asweleftonestore,shenoticedaSalvation(救助)Armyvolunteerstandingnexttoabigpot.“Canwegivesomething,Daddy?”sheasked.“Sorry,Emily.I’moutofchange.”ThroughoutDecember,Emilycontinuedtoworkhard.Thenoneday,shemadeasurprisingdecision.“YouknowallthemoneyI’vebeensaving?”shesaidhesitantly.“I’mgoingtogiveittothepoorpeople.”SoonecoldmorningbeforeChristmas,Emilygavehertotalsavingsof＄58toavolunteerwhowasreallyverythankful.AffectedbyEmily’sdeed,Idecidedtocontributeoneofmyoldbicyclestoacardealerwhowascollectingusedbikesforpoorchildren.AsIselectedashinymodelfrommycollection,however,itseemedasifasecondbiketookonaglow（发光).ShouldIcontributetwo?No,onewouldbeenough.ButIcouldn’tshakethefeelingthatIshouldgiveasecondbike.WhenIlaterdeliveredthebikes,thecardealersaid,“You’remakingtwokidsveryhappy,sir.Hereareyourtickets.Foreachbicyclecontributed,we’regivingawayonechancetowinagirls’mountainbike.”Whywasn’tIsurprisedwhenthatsecondticketturnedouttobethewinner?IliketothinkitwasGod’swayofrewardingalittlegirlforasacrifice（牺牲）beyondherage—whilegivingherdadalessonintheprocess.8.ThefathertookprideinhisdaughterprobablyNOTbecause_____.A.she’dbeensavingherpocketmoneyalltheyearB.she’dbeendoingsmalljobstoearnextramoneyC.shemadeuphermindtobuyamountainbikeD.shepresentedhertotalsavingsof＄58toavolunteer9.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Emilywasangrywithherfatherashedidn’tgivehischange.B.Thevolunteerwasn’tmovedbyEmily’sdonationofhersavings.C.Thecardealerexchangedtwoticketsforthefather’stwobikes.D.Thefathermadehisfinaldecisionthatheshouldgiveonemorebike.10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thecardealercheatedpeopleoftheircontributions.B.Twogirlsreallyappreciatedreceivingdonatedbikes.CEmilygotamountainbikeforherkindnessfinally.D.Thefatherfeltregretfulforwinningagirl’smountainbike.11.Whatlessondoyouthinkthefatherlearned?A.Onegoodturndeservesanother. B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Doasyouwouldbedone. D.Greatmindsthinkalike.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作为一个父亲，作者在女儿帮助他人的行为的影响下，也帮助他人。结果自己的善举也得到了好的回报。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Iwasunbelievablyproudofmynine–year–olddaughter,Emily.Determinedtobuyamountainbike,she’dbeensavingherpocketmoneyalltheyear,aswellasdoingsmalljobstoearnextramoney.”和第四段中“Emilygavehertotalsavingsof＄58toavolunteer...”可知，作者为自己九岁的女儿艾米丽感到自豪，不是因为她想买一辆自行车，而是因为她一整年都在攒零花钱，还做些零工来赚外快，但是终于赚到了钱之后，她又将攒的钱给了一名志愿者。故选C。9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“ButIcouldn’tshakethefeelingthatIshouldgiveasecondbike.WhenIlaterdeliveredthebikes,…”可知，父亲最后决定再捐赠一辆自行车。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章第五段中提到“Foreachbicyclecontributed,we’regivingawayonechancetowinagirls’mountainbike.”那位汽车经销商说每捐献一辆自行车，他们就有机会赢得一辆女式山地车；第六段中提到“Whywasn’tIsurprisedwhenthatsecondticketturnedouttobethewinner?IliketothinkitwasGod’swayofrewardingalittlegirlforasacrifice…（当第二张票结果中奖的时候，我为什么一点都不惊讶呢?因为我认为这是上帝对一个小女孩作出的牺牲的奖赏。）”由此可以推断，Emily最终因为她的善举而中奖得到了一辆山地车。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章讲述的是女儿Emily将自己打工挣的钱捐赠给志愿者。作者受她的行为的影响，先决定将自己的一辆旧自行车捐给一个为贫穷的孩子收集二手自行车的汽车经销商，后来作者决定再捐赠一辆。那位汽车经销商给了他两张券，说每捐献一辆自行车，就有机会赢得一辆女孩山地车。结果第二张券就中奖了，为Emily赢得了一辆山地车。第六段中提到“IliketothinkitwasGod’swayofrewardingalittlegirlforasacrifice…（我认为这是上帝对一个小女孩作出的牺牲的奖赏。）”作者的善举得到了好的回报。因此作为一个父亲，作者得到的启示是“善有善报”。故选A。DBeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接种疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.Thosewhowillreceivethevaccinesincludenursinghomekitchenworkers,securityguardsandcleaners.BeijingDailyreportedonFriday.XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents(居民），saidtheyhavereceivedthedocument(文件）recentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance.It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.,"Xingsaid,addingtheyhavebeenusingmethodssuchaskeepingdetailedrecordsofresidentcontactsoutsidethenursinghome,andencouragingonlinevisitsforfamilymembers..Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.InlateOctober,Shaoxing,ZhejiangprovincecarriedoutanemergencyCOVTD-19vaccineprogram,allowingthepublictoaskforinjections(注射）inadvance,withkeygroupsfirst.AsimilarprogramwasalsoorganizedinJiaxing,NingboandYiwuinZhejiang.Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID-19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(临床试验）.ThedocumentfromBeijingalsosaidnursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting(核酸检测）everymonthamongkitchenworkersandresidentswholeavethenursinghomestoseeadoctor.Testswillcoverallpeopleinnursinghomesconsideredathighriskifnewinfectionsarereportedinthecity.Besides,routinedisinfections(消毒）shouldbestrengthenedinkitchens,storeroomsandrestrooms,itsaid.Thedocumentalsorecommendednoncontactvisitsfromfamilymembers.12.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inafashionmagazine.C.Inabookreview. D.Inatraveljournal.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs4and5?A.Thenursinghomekeptdetailedrecordsofresidents,B.Allthememberswillmakepreparationsforinjections.C.Thenursinghometakespreventionandcontrolseriously.D.Jiaxingisthefirstcitytohavecarriedoutanemergencyprogram.14.Howcanweunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph7?A.Chinaisprovidingvaccinationsnationwide.B.Chinahasmadegreatprogressincoronavirusvaccines.C.Chainhastakentheleadincoronavirusvaccinesworldwide.D.Thefourcandidatevaccineshavefinishedclinicaltrails15.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Nursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting.B.Beijingnursinghomesaretobeprovidedvaccines.C.CertaingroupswillhavevaccinesfirstinlateJune.D.Routinedisinfectionsshouldbestrengthenedinkitchens.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕北京市政府将为养老机构中的老年人和护理人员等特定人群接种新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期间养老机构再次爆发疫情而展开报道。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接种疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.(北京市政府表示，将在自愿的基础上，为养老院里的老人和照顾者等特定人群提供新冠肺炎疫苗接种，以防止秋冬期间养老院里的疫情再次爆发。)”可知首段是导语，接下来的内容是围绕其展开，因此文章显然是一篇新闻报道，故可能出现在报纸上。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.(加强防控是我们的首要任务。)”和第五段“Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.(至于接种疫苗，她说，他们在接种疫苗前将向居民、他们的家人和工作人员申请许可。)”可知养老院很重视新冠病毒的防控和疫苗的接种。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第七段“Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID-19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(临床试验).(在全国范围内，国产COVID-19疫苗的紧急使用已于6月获得批准，并于7月下旬启动。目前，中国有四种新型冠状病毒候选疫苗正在进行第三阶段临床试验)”可知中国研制的新冠疫苗已获得批准并进入临床试验阶段，由此可推知中国在新冠疫苗研制方面进展很快。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID-19vaccinations(接种疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.(北京市政府表示，将在自愿的基础上，为养老院里的老人和照顾者等特定人群提供新冠肺炎疫苗接种，以防止秋冬期间养老院里的疫情再次爆发。)”和全文内容来看，这篇文章主要围绕北京市政府将为养老机构中的老年人和护理人员等特定人员接种新冠疫苗展开报道，即北京养养老院将为特定人员提供疫苗。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmaythinkthatchoosingtoloseweightrequiresalotofeffortandpain.Thetruthis,youcanloseweight,feelhealthier,andlookamazing,allbydoingsmallthingseveryday.____16____Whenyou’rereadytoloseafewpounds,checkoutthesefivesmalleverydaythingsyoucando.___17___Believeitornot,thediameterofyourdinnerplatecanhaveadramaticimpactonhowmuchfoodyoueatatanytimeoftheday.Thebiggeryourplate,themoreyoucanfitonit,andthemoreyouputintoyourbody.UseaFoodDiaryorAppIt’ssoeasytositatyourdeskoronthecoucheatingupanentirebagofpotatochips,orafullpacketofcookies.___18___Ifyoukeepafooddiaryorappoutliningwhatyoueat,howmuchofit,andhowmanycaloriesithas,youmaybemoreinclinedtocontrolyourfoodintake.DrinkMoreWater___19___Yourbodyneedsmorewaterthanyou’reprobablygivingit,andyoumaybereadingthesignsallwrong.Keepawaterbottleonhand,drinkingwaterthroughouttheday.Bydoingso,youcancontrolyourappetitewhilealsomakingsureyourbodyisnotlackofwater.ExerciseMoreItseemslikeagiven–youexercise,youloseweight.However,it’snotonlythose10-milerunsthatmakeallthedifference.____20____Forinstance,parkfurtherawayatthegrocerystore,takethestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavoriteshow.A.UseSmallerDishesB.Controlyourfoodintake.C.Youhavetomakeplansforexercise.D.Alltoooften,wemistakethirstforhunger.E.Manysmallchangescanmakeasignificantdifference.F.Exercisedoesn’thavetobesomethingyouhavetothinkabouttodo,anditcanbefun.G.However,ifyouknewhowmanycalorieswereinthem,youmaydecidetochangeyourmind.【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了可以帮助你减肥的五件小事。【16题详解】空前说你可以通过每天做一些小事来减肥，感觉更健康，看起来更迷人，此处承接上文，讲的是小事也能够有大影响，故E项（许多微小的改变都会产生显著的影响）符合语境。【17题详解】根据本段内容可知，餐盘的直径会对你吃多少食物产生巨大的影响，你的餐盘越大，装的东西就越多，你吃的也就越多，因此本都主要讲的是要用小一些的餐盘，故A项（用小一点的盘子）符合语境。【18题详解】空前说坐在办公桌前或沙发上吃一整袋薯片或一整包饼干是如此容易，下一段又说如果你用食物日记或应用程序记录你吃了什么，吃了多少以及你吃的东西中含有多少卡路里，你可能更倾向于控制你的食物摄入量，因此此处讲的内容是关于一整袋薯片或一整包饼干中的卡路里含量的，故G项（然而，如果你知道其中含有多少卡路里，你可能会改变主意）符合语境。【19题详解】空后说你的身体需要的水可能比你喝的要多，你可能完全误解了这些迹象，因此此处是说口渴的时候我们会以为自己是饿了，故D项（我们常常把口渴误认为饥饿）符合语境。【20题详解】空后说例如，把车停在离杂货店远一点的地方，走台阶而不是坐电梯，在你最喜欢的电视广告时段原地慢跑，这是对空处的举例证明，证明锻炼也可以是有趣的，故F项（锻炼不一定是你迫不得已才去做的事情，它可以是有趣的）符合语境。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，对空处的起举例说明作用的句子往往是重要线索，这些句子通常是由forexample或forinstance引出的，例如本篇第5空，根据空后的“Forinstance,parkfurtherawayatthegrocerystore,takethestepsinsteadoftheelevatorandjogonthespotduringTVadbreaksofyourfavoriteshow.”可知，例如，把车停在离杂货店远一点的地方，走台阶而不是坐电梯，在你最喜欢的电视广告时段原地慢跑，“Forinstance”表明这是对空处的举例说明，证明锻炼也可以是有趣的，故F项（锻炼不一定是你逼不得已才去做的事情，它可以是有趣的）符合语境。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Howdoyoukillyourtimeonyourwaytowork?Mostofusstareatourcellphones,and________tomakeeyecontactwithothers.Wejustread,____22____withothersonlineor____23____gamesonline.Ormaybewe're____24____thetimebetweenstopstodoourmakeup,catchuponemails,orreadafewchaptersofa____25____.However,DinaAlfasitakesavery____26____approach.Eachdayshehastotravelhourson____27____andtrainstogettoherengineeringjobatahospitalinIsrael.Ratherthanlookathercellphone____28____sheusesoneveryspecialwaytohaveconnectionwith____29____.Itisportraitsofthepeopleshe____30____onpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.Thepaintingscatchthose____31____andpersonalmomentsofpeoplereadyingthemselvesforthedayahead.Somepeopleleantheirhead____32____thewindowandgotosleep,somestareintospaceandhaveadaydream,andothers____33____quietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.Each____34____catchesonetinymomentinpeople'slives,ripewithpotentialforyourimagination.Itis____35____forhertolookatsomeone'scommute(上下班)andmakeupanentirestoryabouttherestoftheirdailyexistence,fromthefathertravellingwithababy____36____thewomanwelcomingachange."Whatinspiresmeverymucharethelittle____37____thathappeneveryday,"Dina____38____MyModernMet."Myworkistotellstoriesthroughasingle____39____,anditprovesthatallyouneedisjusttolookaroundand____40____thosemagicmoments.".A.refuse B.attempt C.want D.plan22.A.agree B.share C.chat D.argue23.A.attack B.offer C.play D.afford24.A.cheating B.using C.applying D.contacting25.A.book B.photo C.crowd D.poster26.A.different B.same C.easy D.tough27.A.cars B.ships C.bikes D.buses28.A.inshort B.insilence C.asusual D.turnto29.A.friends B.teachers C.adults D.strangers30.A.reflects B.suffers C.meets D.employs31.A.quiet B.impossible C.noisy D.sharp32.A.after B.before C.along D.against33A.destroy B.fight C.sit D.prove34.A.picture B.factor C.data D.impression35.A.anxious B.wonderful C.actual D.gradual36.A.at B.to C.with D.in37.A.problems B.documents C.truths D.moments38.A.allowed B.arranged C.told D.disappeared39.A.choice B.portrait C.effort D.basis40.A.confuse B.improve C.explore D.find【答案】.A22.C23.C24.B25.A26.A27.D28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.C34.A35.B36.B37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述DinaAlfasi和其他人不同，她在上下班坐公共交通工具的路上，用画乘客肖像画来记录所看到的人的一些小的瞬间，这让她很快乐。【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人都盯着手机，拒绝和别人进行眼神交流。A.refuse拒绝；B.attempt尝试；C.want想要；D.plan计划。根据前一句“Mostofusstareatourcellphones,”可知，因为大多数人盯着手机看，所以此处表示他们拒绝和别人进行眼神交流。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只是在网上看书、聊天或玩游戏。A.agree同意；B.share分享；C.chat聊天；D.argue争论。根据后文“…withothersonline”可知，此处指和别人在网上聊天。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.attack攻击；B.offer提供；C.play玩耍；D.afford承担得起。根据后文“gamesonline.”可知，此处指在网上玩游戏。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，我们可能正在利用车站之间坐车的时间来化妆、回复电子邮件或阅读一本书的几章。A.cheating欺骗；B.using使用；C.applying申请，运用；D.contacting联系。根据后文“

thetimebetweenstops”可知，此处指利用坐车时间做其它事情。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.book书；B.photo照片；C.crowd人群；D.poster海报。由前文“readafewchaptersof

…”可知，此处指阅读一本书的几个章节。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。然而，DinaAlfasi采取了一种非常不同的方法。A.different不同的；B.same相同的；C.easy简单的；D.tough棘手的。根据前文描述人们坐车时做的事情和转折副词however可知，DinaAlfasi的方法与别人不一样。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天她都要在公交车和火车上行驶数小时才能到达以色列一家医院的工程部工作。A.cars汽车；B.ships轮船；C.bikes自行车；D.buses公交车。根据后文“onpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.

”可知，DinaAlfasi乘坐的是公共交通，所以此处指公交车。故选D。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她不再沉默地看着手机，而是用一种非常特别的方式与陌生人建立联系。A.inshort总之；B.insilence沉默地；C.asusual像往常一样；D.turnto求助于。根据后文“sheusesoneveryspecialwaytohaveconnection

…”可知，DinaAlfasi并没有默默地看手机，而是用特殊方式和别人交流。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.friends朋友；B.teachers老师；C.adults成年人；D.strangers陌生人。由前文描述可知，因为乘坐的是公交车和火车，公共交通上都是陌生人，所以此处指用特殊方式和陌生人交流。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是她每天乘坐公共交通工具时遇到的人的肖像。A.reflects反映；B.suffers遭受；C.meets遇见；D.employs雇佣，使用。由空后“onpublictransporteverydaythatsheistaking.

”可知，此处指乘坐公共交通遇到的人。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些画捕捉了人们准备迎接未来一天的宁静和个人时刻。A.quiet安静的；B.impossible不可能的；C.noisy吵闹的；D.sharp锋利的。根据后文“Somepeopleleantheirhead

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thewindowandgotosleep,somestareintospaceandhaveadaydream,…quietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.”可知，总之指人们乘车时的安静时刻。故选A。【32题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：有些人把头靠在窗户上睡觉，有些人盯着太空做白日梦，还有一些人安静地坐着读他们的文件或书。A.after在……之后；B.before在……之前；C.along沿着；D.against靠着。根据后文“thewindow”可知，此处指有些人把头靠在窗户上睡觉，所以此处需用介词against“靠着”。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.destroy破坏；B.fight战斗；C.sit坐；D.prove证明。由空后“quietlytoreadtheirdocumentsorbooks.

”可知，还有一些人安静地坐着读他们的文件或书。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一张图片都捕捉到了人们生活中的一个微小时刻，充满了你想象的潜力。A.picture图片，照片；B.factor因素；C.data数据；D.impression印象。根据前文“Itisportraitsofthepeople…”可知，因为DinaAlfasi画乘客的画像，所以此处指图片。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，看看别人上下班，然后编造出一个关于他们日常生活其余部分的完整故事，从带着孩子旅行的父亲到欢迎改变的女性，这是一件很棒的事情。A.anxious着急的；B.wonderful美好的；C.actual实际的；D.gradual逐渐的。根据后文描述的内容可知，DinaAlfasi认为自己通过作画这一特殊方式和别人交流是很美好的。故选B。【36题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.at在某地，后接小地点；B.to向；C.with和；D.in在……里面。由空前“fromthefathertravellingwithababy”可知，空处需用介词to，from…to…从……到……，固定搭配。故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“每天发生的那些小瞬间给了我很大的启发，”Dina告诉MyModernMet。A.problems问题；B.documents文件；C.truths事实；D.moments时刻。由前文“…catchesonetinymomentinpeople'slives”可知，此处指每天发生的小瞬间。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.allowed允许；B.arranged安排；C.told告诉；D.disappeared消失。根据空后“MyModernMet”可知，这应该是采访Dina的一个媒体，所以此处用动词told，表示Dina告诉这家媒体。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是通过一幅肖像来讲述故事，它证明了你所需要的只是环顾四周，寻找那些神奇的时刻。A.choice选择；B.portrait肖像画；C.effort努力；D.basis基础。根据前文“Itisportraitsofthepeople…”可知，此处指乘客的肖像画。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.confuse使困惑；B.improve改善；C.explore探索；D.find发现，找到。根据前文“lookaround”可知，此处表示环顾四周，寻找那些神奇的时刻。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whywastheoxchosentobeoneofthe12Chinesezodiacsigns(生肖)?Centuriesago,mostpeople____41____(earn)theirlivingbyfarming.Theoxwasusedtohelpplow,cultivateandcarryheavygoods.TheoxhaslonghadasignificantplaceinChineseculture.AncientChinesepoetsand____42____(writer)frequentlydescribedtheoxinliterature.IntheClassicofPoetry,the____43____(old)existingcollectionofChinesepoetry,theanimalwasmentionedin9outofthe305pieces.Theox____44____(consider)asymbolofdiligenceandearnestnessinChineseculture.Tothisday,thephrase"thespiritofox"stillrefers____45____conqueringanythingthatmaypresenti