兰州市2022高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练(6)及答案

阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。GETYOURDEGREEATHOME!HaveyoueverwonderedwhataDegreemightbeworthtoyouinyourjoborcareer(事业)?ItmeansalotofAmericanswithanAssociateDegreeaveragenearly$10,000moreinyearlyearningsthanthosewithjustaHighSchoolDiploma(毕业证).HarcourtLearningDirectoffersyouawaytogetaSpecializedAssociateDegreein11oftoday’sgrowingfields-withouthavingtogotocollegefulltime.WithHarcourt,youstudyathome,inyoursparetime-soyoudon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone.ChoosefromexcitingmajorslikeBusinessManagement,Accounting,Dressmaking＆Design,Bookkeeping,Photography,ComputerScience,Engineering,andmore!Yourtrainingincludeseverythingyouneed!Books,lessons,learningaids-evenprofessional-qualitytoolsandequipment-everythingyouneedtomasteryourtrainingandmoreaheadtoanewcareerisincludedinthelowtuition(学费)priceyoupay.Youreducationisnationallyrecognized!Nearly2,000Americancompanies-includingGeneralElectric,IBM,Mobile,GeneralMotors,Ford,andmanyothers-haveusedourtrainingfortheiremployees.Ifcompaniesliketheserecognizethevalueofourtraining,youcanbesurethatemployeesinyourareawill,too!Earnyourdegreeinaslittleastwoyears!Getacareerdiplomainjustsixmonths!Thecareerofyourdreamsiscloserthanyouthink!Evenifyouhavenoexperiencebefore,youcangetvaluablejobskillsintoday’shottestfields!Step-by-steplessonsmakelearningeasy.Prepareforpromotions(提升),payraises,evenstartabusinessofyourown!SendtodayforFREEinformationaboutHarcourtathometraining!Simplyfillinyournameandaddressonthecoupon(票券)above.Thenwriteinthenameandnumberoftheoneprogramyou’remostinterestedin,andmailittoday.We’llrushyourfreeinformationabouthowyoucantakeadvantageoftheopportunities(机会)inthefieldyou’vechosen.Acttoday!Mailcoupontoday!Orcallthenumberbelow1-800-372-1589.Callanytime,24hoursaday,7daysaweek.www.Harcourt-learning.comE-mail：Harcourt＠learning.com.1.Thisadvertisementaimsatcallingonpeopleto________.A.attendfull-timeuniversitiesB.workparttimetofurthertheireducationC.improvetheireducationathometogetbetterjobsD.earntheirdegreesindifferentwaysthatsuitthem2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTclearlymentionedinthisadvertisement?A.Thewayhowyouwillgetyourdegree.B.Tuitionprice.C.Thehotfieldsyouwillbepreparingyourselffor.D.Thelengthoftimeitwilltakeyoutogetadegree.3.WhatdoesthewriterofthisadintendtosaybynamingGeneralElectric,IBM,Ford,etc.?A.Toshowthattheirtrainingiswidelyusedinthecountry.B.ToshowthatthetrainingprogramisfullysupportedbyfamouscompaniesintheU.S.C.Toprovethevalueoftheirtrainingineveryarea.D.Toshowtheimportanceofgettingrecognizedbythemostfamouscompanies.4.Itseemstothewriterthatthegreatestattractionforpeopletotaketheirtrainingis______.A.itsconvenienceB.thedegree’snation-widerecognitionC.theeconomicbenefit(利益)itwillbringaboutD.thehotfieldsthetrainingwillhelppeopletoenter5.HowmanywaysarementionedintheadforpeopletogetintouchwiththeHarcourtLearningDirect?A.One.

B.Two.

C.Three.

D.Four.文章是一则业余培训班的招生广告。1.C。推理推断题。依据WithHarcourt,youstudyathome,inyoursparetimesoyoudon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone(你可以在家，业余时间接受培训…)可知答案选C。2.B。事实细节题。文章中提到…inthelowtuitionpriceyoupay，但没说具体多少学费，故答案选B。3.C。推理推断题。从Youreducationisnationallyrecognized和Ifcompaniesliketheserecognizethevalueofourtraining,youcanbesurethatemployeesinyourareawill,too!可知答案C正确。4.C。推理推断题。从Prepareforpromotions,payraises,evenstartabusinessofyourown可推知答案C正确。5.D。事实细节题。文章共提到四种联系方式：(1)sendingtodayforFREEinformation(2)fillthecoupon(3)mailcoupon(4)call，即答案选D。阅读理解。You’veseennewsreportsaboutpeoplewhoneedhelpafteraflood.Maybeyou’vewalkedpastpeoplewhoaresleepingonthestreets.Orperhapsyou’vewatchedTVprogramsabouthowlonelyolderpeoplecanget.Sowhatcanyoudoaboutanyofthosethings?Theanswer:Youcanvolunteer(做志愿者).Volunteeringisagreatwaytolearnnewskills—fromworkingaspartofateamtosettingandreachinggoals.Itgivesyouachancetofindoutwhatkindsofthingsyou’regoodatandenjoythemost.Volunteeringcanprovideyouwithasenseofresponsibilitybecausepeoplereallydependonyou.Anditcanhelpyouunderstanddisabled(残疾的)people,sickkids,ortheelderly.Volunteeringhelpspeoplefeeltheydohavethepowertochangethingsforthebetter.Whenpeopledependonyou,itcanchangethewayyoulookatyourself,andthisisthemainreasonthatmakesvolunteeringattractive.Youcanfeelproudofthegoalsthatyou’veachieved(实现)foracharityorganization(慈善组织)—whetherit’shelpingtoorganizea10Ktoraisemoneyforlungcancerorrunningtheraceitself.Sometimesit’seasytofeelworriedaboutyourgradesorthefightyouhadwithyourfriendorparents.Andalthoughthesethingsareveryimportantintheirownway,sometimesitcanbehelpfultogetsomedistanceandthinkaboutotherthings.Volunteeringallowsyoutodothis.Itletsyoufocusonothersthatareworthdoing.Finally,volunteeringcanhelpsaveyoufrombeingbored—itgivesyouaplacetobewhereyoucanhaveagoodtimeandkeepbusy.1.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatvolunteering____.A.isthebestwaytofindoutyourinterestsB.mainlyhelpstheoldandthepoorpeopleC.makessurevolunteerswillgetagoodjobinthefutureD.canhelpvolunteerschooseajobthattheyreallylikeinthefuture2.Today,mostpeoplevolunteermainlyforthepurposeof______.A.makingthemselvesfamousandpopularB.knowingtheirvaluebyhelpingothersC.increasingtheirknowledgeandlearningskillsD.helpingpeopleoutoftrouble3.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“a10K”(Paragraph3)probablyreferto?A.Acharityorganization.B.Avolunteergroup.C.A10-kilometerrace.D.Apoliticalactivity.4.Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.talkaboutthedifficultiesofvolunteeringB.talkabouthowtomakelifemeaningfulC.tellreadershowtovolunteer D.talkabouttheadvantagesofvolunteering【参考答案】1---4、DBCD阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：语言学习时间：8分钟IpreferLynneTruss'sphraseology:Iamagrammar“stickler”．And，likeTruss—authorofEats，Shoots&Leaves—Ihavea“zerotolerance”approachtogrammarmistakesthatmakepeoplelookstupid.Now，TrussandIdisagreeonwhatitmeanstohave“zerotolerance”．Shethinksthatpeoplewhomixupbasicgrammar“deservetobestruckbylightning，hackeduponthespotandburiedinanunmarkedgrave”，whileIjustthinktheydeservetobepassedoverforajob—eveniftheyareotherwisequalifiedfortheposition.Everyonewhoappliesforapositionateitherofmycompanies，iFixitorDozuki，takesacompulsorygrammartest.Ifjobhopefulscan'tdistinguishbetween“to”and“too”，theirapplicationsgointothebin.Ofcourse，wewriteforaliving.iFistheworld'slargestonlinerepairmanual(指南)，andDozukihelpscompanieswritetheirowntechnicaldocumentation，likepaperlessworkinstructionsandstep­by­stepusermanuals.So，itmakessensethatwe'vemadeastrongstrikeagainstgrammarerrors.Butgrammarisrelevantforallcompanies.Yes，languageisconstantlychanging，butthatdoesn'tmakegrammarunimportant.Goodgrammariscredibility，especiallyontheInternet.And，forbetterorworse，peoplejudgeyouifyoucan'ttellthedifferencebetween“their”“there”and“they're”．Goodgrammarmakesgoodbusinesssense—andnotjustwhenitcomestohiringwriters.Writingisn'tintheofficialjobdescriptionofmostpeopleinouroffice.Still，wegiveourgrammartesttoeverybody，includingoursalespeople，ouroperationsstaff，andourprogrammers.Grammarsignifiesmorethanjustaperson'sabilitytorememberhighschoolEnglish.I'vefoundthatpeoplewhomakefewermistakesonagrammartestalsomakefewermistakeswhentheyaredoingsomethingcompletelyunrelatedtowriting—likestockingshelvesorlabelingparts.Itisthesamewithprogrammers.Applicantswhodon'tthinkwritingisimportantarelikelytothinklotsofotherthingsalsoaren'timportant.【语篇导读】作者叙述了自己对语法错误的态度以及正确运用语法的重要性。1．TheauthoragreeswithLynneTrussonthat______.A．grammarmistakescan'tbetolerantB．booksongrammarmakepeoplestupidC．peopleneedtolearnbasicgrammarD．grammarmistakesareabsolutelyunavoidable解析细节理解题。依据文章第一段其次句可知，作者和LynneTruss一样，对语法错误都有一套“零容忍”策略，故选A项。答案A2．What'stheauthor's“zerotolerance”approachtothesejobseekerswhomixupbasicgrammar?A．Theyshouldbeleftoutforajob.B．Theyhavetocorrecttheirmistakes.C．Theyaren'tqualifiedfortheirjobs.D．Theymustbeseverelypunished.解析细节理解题。依据其次段中的“whileIjustthinktheydeservetobepassedoverforajob—eveniftheyareotherwisequalifiedfortheposition”可知，作者认为这些犯基础语法错误的求职者不应被录用。答案A3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofiFixitandDozuki?A．Onlyoneofthemhasacompulsorygrammartest.B．Theyarecompanieswhereonelearnsgrammar.C．Grammarisquiteimportantfortheirexistence.D．Theydependongrammarcorrectionforaliving.解析细节理解题。依据第四段至第六段内容，作者对每位员工都进行语法测试，由于正确的语法对作者的两个公司格外重要。答案C4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Companiesgivinggrammartestsmayhavenogoodbusinesssense.B．Grammarbecomesunimportantaslanguageisconstantlychanging.C．A“zerotolerance”approachtogrammarerrorsmightseemalittleunfair.D．Peoplewhopayattentiontowritingmaypayattentiontootherthings.解析细节理解题。文章最终一段指出，在语法测试中出错少的人在做与写作无关的事情时错误也少，由此可见，那些重视写作的人，同样会重视其他事情。答案D阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：公民科学时间：7分钟Citizenscienceisatermusedforprojectsorongoingprogramsofscientificworkinwhichindividualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers，manyofwhommayhavenospecificscientifictraining，performormanageresearch­relatedtaskssuchasobservation，measurementorcomputation.AnexampleofcitizenscienceisaprojectcalledProjectBudBurst.Overthepastsixgrowingseasons，ProjectBudBursthasusedthousandsofvolunteerobservers.Theyrecordwhenlocalplantsdeveloptheirleaves，flowersandfruit.Theobservationsgointoahugedatabase.Thenplantscientistscanstudythedatatolookforchangesovertime.ProjectdirectorSandraHendersonsaysparticipatorysciencelikethisisanideathatisgrowingquickly.Forexample，peoplewhoenjoyastronomycanobservechangesinthebrightnessofastar.PeoplecanexaminesatelliteimagesofEarthtolookforsiteswherearcheologistsmightfindthelosttombofGenghisKhan，theMongolianwarriorandruler.Orsomeoneinterestedinorcawhalescanlistentounderwatermicrophonesandletresearchersknowwhenthewhalesarepresent.ThousandsofAmericansandCanadiansvolunteeredtocountbirdsthispastmigrationseasonaspartofProjectFeederWatch.Anotherareawherecitizensciencehasgrownisintestingwater.AmandaBrunercoordinatesSoundCitizen，aprojectbasedattheUniversityofWashingtoncampusinTacoma.ItkeepstrackofpollutantsinPugetSound.Somepeople，includingscientists，stillquestionwhetheraveragecitizenscancollectreliabledata.Newdigitaltoolscanhelpsettlequestionsaboutdataquality，andmakeiteasierforpeopletotakepartincitizenscience.Publichealthresearchisanotherareawhereaveragecitizensaregettinginvolved—insomecases，whetherresearcherslikeitornot.Theideaisforthepublictohaveavoiceinhowpublichealthstudiesaredone.Thereisevenasayingforthiskindofactivism：“Nomoreresearchaboutuswithoutus.”【语篇导读】本文属于科普类说明文，主要介绍了公民科学的含义以及人们对它的看法。1．Whoaretheparticipantsinvolvedincitizenscience?A．Professionalscientistswhohaveretired.B．Thepublicshowinginterestinsomescienceprojects.C．Citizenswhohavespecificscientifictraining.D．Studentswantingtobescientists.解析细节理解题。依据文章内容可知，公民科学的参与者是对一些科学项目有爱好的民众，他们中很多人并没有接受过特定的培训。故B项正确。答案B2．Accordingtothepassage，ifyouareinterestedinplants，youmaytakepartin______.A．ProjectBudBurstB．ProjectFeederWatchC．SoundCitizenD．publichealthresearch解析细节理解题。依据其次段中的“Theyrecordwhenlocalplantsdeveloptheirleaves，flowersandfruit...Thenplantscientistscanstudythedatatolookforchangesovertime.”可知答案为A。答案A3．FromParagraph3，wecaninferthat______.A．citizensciencedevelopsquicklyandincludesmanyfieldsB．thereisnoneedforprofessionalscientiststodoresearchC．observationistheonlymethodtodocitizenscienceD．citizensciencehasgrownintestingwater解析推理推断题。依据其次段末尾句和第三段所述内容可推知，citizenscience进展快速且所涉领域很广，故A项正确。D属于明示信息，不属于推论。答案A4．Whatcanhelpgetreliabledataincitizenscience?A．Specificscientifictraining.B．Moreparticipationofthepublic.C．Greatersocialsupport.D．Newdigitaltools.解析细节理解题。依据倒数其次段最终一句“Newdigitaltoolscanhelp...takepartincitizenscience.”可知答案为D。答案D【长难句解读】原文Citizenscienceisatermusedforprojectsorongoingprogramsofscientificworkinwhichindividualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers，manyofwhommayhavenospecificscientifictraining，performormanageresearch­relatedtaskssuchasobservation，measurementorcomputation.译文公民科学用于指那些处理科学工作的工程或持续进行的项目，参与其中的是一些个人志愿者或志愿者群体，他们中很多人可能没有经过特定的科学训练，而执行或者管理与科学争辩有关的一些任务，如观看、测量或计算。分析定语从句“inwhichindividualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers...orcomputation”为限制性定语从句，修饰“projectsorongoingprogramsofscientificwork”，这肯定语从句的主语“individualvolunteersornetworksofvolunteers”又被manyofwhom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰。短文改错文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一个横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。IwatchTVuntil12o’clock,soIcouldn’tgoovermylessons.ThismorningIgotupverylatethatIhadtogotoschoolwithoutbreakfastinhurry,butIwasstilllateforthefirstclass.WhenIenteredtheclassroom,themathsteacherhadtostopexplainanimportantproblem,andalltheeyeswerefixeduponme.Myfaceturnedred.SomethingevenworsewashappenedtomeinEnglishclass.Theteacheraskedmerecitethetext.However,Icouldsaynothingandsorry,forIdidnotspendsometimepreparingmylessons.Theteacherlookedatmewithhiscoldlyeyes.Istoodatmybenchwithoutdaringtoraisemyhead.HowaterribledayIhad!Iwillneverdoanythinglikethis.【参考答案】4.IwatchTVuntil12o’clock,soIcouldn’tgoovermylessons.ThismorningIgotupverylatewatchedsothatIhadtogotoschoolwithoutbreakfastin∧hurry,butIwasstilllateforthefirstclass.WhenaIenteredtheclassroom,themathsteacherhadtostopexplainanimportantproblem,andalltheexplainingeyeswerefixeduponme.Myfaceturnedred.Somethingevenworsewashappenedtomein去掉Englishclass.Theteacheraskedme∧recitethetext.However,Icouldsaynothingandsorry,fortobutIdidnotspendsometimepreparingmylessons.Theteacherlookedatmewithhiscoldlyeyes.Ianycoldstoodatmybenchwithoutdaringtoraisemyhead.HowaterribledayIhad!IwillneverdoWhatanythinglikethis.5.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Asweknow,whenseniorstudentsfinishtheirschool,mostoftheirreferencebooksarethrownaway,whicharestillingoodconditions．Whatagreatwasteitis!Isuggestedthatweshouldrecycleallthisbooks．Ontheonehand,recyclingthemcansavealotofnaturalresources,whichareusedtomaketextbooks．Ontheotherhand,thenotesonthebooksarehelpfultowhoeverneedthem．Infact,recyclingtextbookshasbeenincreasingpopularinsuchcountriesasAmericaandAustralia．Weshouldlearnfromth