专题01-高二期末磨尖卷-2022-2023学年下学期(新高考专用)解析版

专题01高二期末磨尖卷本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whichpartofthehousehasbeenrepaired?A．Theroof. B．Thewalls. C．Thedoors.【答案】A【原文】W:Isyourhousewarmersinceyouhadyourroofrepaired?M:Yes.Butthewallsareverythin.It’sstillalittlecoldevenwithallthedoorsclosed.2．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirfavoritemusic. B．Acountrysinger. C．Apopconcert.【答案】A【原文】W:Oh,Ireallyenjoypopsongs.Didyouhearthenewsong“Forever”fromFionaRichards?M:Idon’tknowit.ButImostlylistentocountrymusic.W:Well,thatusuallymakesmefeelsad.3．WhenwillthespeakersgettoGrace’shouse?A．At7:00. B．At6:50. C．At6:30.【答案】A【原文】W:We’remeetingGraceat6:30atherhouse.It’s6:20now.M:It’sstillearly.Shejustcalledtoaskustoarriveatherhomelaterat7:00.4．HowwillthewomanprobablysolveBill’sproblem?A．Byhelpinghimwiththedishes.B．Byreducinghisfamilyresponsibilities.C．Bychangingwhathehastodoeachday.【答案】C【原文】M:I’msotiredofwashingdishes.Everyday,forawholehour…boring!W:Iknow,Bill.Butthat’spartofyourfamilyresponsibilities.Wouldyouratherdosomethingdifferenteachdayinstead?M:CouldI?IthinkI’dliketotakeoutthetrashorcleanthefloor…5．CanPetergoouttonight?A．No,notatall.B．Yes,withhismother.C．Yes,ifhegoeshomefirst.【答案】C【原文】W:Let’sgotothemoviestonight,Peter.M:I’dliketo,butMotherwantsmetogohomefirst,thenIcango.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。6．A．Inthelibrary. B．InRoom341. C．Inthereceptionroom.7．A．Herpassport. B．Herphotograph. C．Herapplicationform.【答案】6．B7．B【原文】W:Hello.ThisisHilaryBrown.Iamcallingaboutthejobinthelibraryatthecollege.M:Ahyes,andwe’veinvitedyouforaninterview,haven’twe?OnTuesday,Ithink.W:That’sright.ButinyouremailyousaiditwouldbeonMonday.M:Ah,yes.Hereitis.Yes,somepeoplearecomingonTuesdayandWednesday,butyourinterviewisactuallyatteno’clockonMondaymorning.W:Ohgood.HowdoIfindthelibrary?M:We’renotholdingtheinterviewsthere.Whenyouarriveatthecollege,gotothemainreceptionandaskforRoom341.Theywillgiveyoudirections.W:Isee.Thankyou.AndwillImeettheheadmaster?DianaCookishername,Ithink.M:NotonMonday,actually.Oneofthelibrarians,HowardGreen,willbeinterviewingyou.W:WhatshouldIbringwithmetotheinterview?M:Letmesee.Ialreadyhaveyourapplicationformhere.ButIseeyouhaven’tattachedaphotograph.Soifyoucouldbringonewithyou,thatwouldbeuseful.Justapassport-sizedoneisenough.W:Ohyes.Questions:1.Wherewillthewomanhaveaninterview?2.Whatwillthewomanbring?听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8．Whatdidthegirldotoday?A．Shewroteastory.B．Sheplayedagame.C．Sheattendedawedding.9．WhatdoesthemanthinkofSam?A．He’sfunny. B．He’sfoolish. C．He’sstrict.10．Whatcanbeknownfromtheconversation?A．ThegirlhadanEnglishlesson.B．Thehistoryteacherneverlaughs.C．Thegirl’sgroupwontheprize.【答案】8．B9．A10．C【原文】M:Howwasschooltoday?Whatdidyoudo?W:Itwasfun.Wehadhistoryandourteacherhadusplayagameinhistoryclass.M:Whatkindofgame?W:Shetoldusastoryfromhistory.Thensheputusintogroups.Eachgrouphadtoactoutapartofthestory.Shepromisedtogiveaprizetothebestgroup.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.Whichpartdidyoudo?W:Wehadtodotheking’swedding.M:Didyouwintheprize?W:Yes,wedid.Samwasveryfunnyastheking.Everyonehadagoodlaugh.Eventheteacherlaughedalot.Shehardlyeverlaughs!M:Samcanbeveryfunny.IwishIcouldseeit.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11．Whoistheman?A．Thewoman’steacher. B．Thewoman’sclassmate. C．Thewoman’sassistant.12．Whydofemalemosquitoesbite?A．Tospreaddiseases. B．Togetnutrition. C．Tosendoutachemical.13．Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A．Mosquitoesaredirty.B．Scienceisabeautifulthing.C．Sciencecansometimesbeunpleasant.【答案】11．A12．B13．C【原文】M:That’sallthetimewehavefortoday’sclass.Don’tforgettoputawayyoursciencebooks.Doesanyonehaveanymorequestions?Yes,Sara?W:Iknowwetalkedalotaboutmosquitoestodayandthedifferenttypesofdiseasestheycancarry.Myquestionis:whatmakestheirbitesitchsomuch?M:That’saverygoodquestion.Whenamosquitobites,italsoshootssomeofitsownspitintoyou,whichcontainsachemicalthatkeepsyourbloodfromthickening.Thatway,itcangetitsmouthoutfromyourskinbeforeitgetsstuck.Yourbodythensendsoutadifferentchemicaltostopthemosquito’schemical,andthat’swhatitches.W:So,theitchingcomesfromusandnotthemosquito?M:Yep.Anotherinterestingfactisthatonlyfemalemosquitoesbitebecausetheyneedthenutritionfromyourbloodtoproduceeggs.W:That’sawful.M:Scienceisn’talwayspretty.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17三个小题。14．Whomightthewomanbe?A．Astaffmemberofacollege. B．Areporter. C．Adoctor.15．Whathappenedtothemanfouryearsago?A．HewasastudentatSinaiMedicalCollege.B．HebecamethedirectoratColumbiaUniversity.C．HeshowedinterestinworkingatSinaiMedicalCollege.16．Wherewillthemangiveaspeech?A．Inahospital. B．Inalecturehall. C．Inatelevisionstudio.17．Whattopicwilltheman’sspeechbeabout?A．Cancerresearch.B．Medicalcareers.C．EasternandWesternmedicine.【答案】14．A15．C16．B17．C【原文】W:Goodafternoon,Dr.Oz!Thankyouforcomingallthewayhere.Iimagineyouhaveaverybusyschedule,betweenyourtelevisionshowandtheclassesyouteach.Pleasesitdown!M:Thankyouverymuch.W:Iwon’ttakemuchofyourtime,butIwantedtoaskyouafavor.M:Whatisit?W:WouldyoubewillingtogivealecturetosomeofourstudentshereatSinaiMedicalCollege?IrememberyouwereinterestedinteachingclassesherefouryearsagoM:Sure,I’dbegladto.W:Really?Great!I’llreservethebiggestlecturehallthatwehaveIt’smuchbiggerthanthisone.Doesthe5thofFebruaryworkforyou?M:Yes,that’sfine.W:Good.Iknowyou’rethedirectorofcancerresearchatColumbiaUniversity,butIwasthinkingaboutanothersubjectforthetalk.M:Well,whatdidyouhaveinmind?W:We’restartingtoofferclassesonuncommonmedicalpractice.Iknowthisisalsoaninterestofyours.WouldyoubewillingtogivealectureondifferentapproachesofWesternandEasternmedicine?M:Thatsoundsgreat!听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18．Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A．Itneedsanewbattery. B．Itisruinedbywater. C．Itneedscleaning.19．Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A．Anextrabattery. B．Aone-yearguarantee. C．Freecleaningservice.20．Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A．Thestorewillclosesoon.B．Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C．Themanisverybusynow.【答案】18．A19．B20．C【原文】W:Excuseme,mywatchstoppedrunning,andIamnotsurewhat’swrongwithit.M:Well,letmelookatit.Hmm,itseemsthatitjustneedsanewbattery.W:Oh,really?IgotsomewateronitlastweekandIwasafraidthatitmightruinthewatch.Howmuchisanewbattery?M:It’s$5,andwenotonlychangeabatterybutalsoguaranteeitforayear.Andifyouhavethewatchcleanedhere,wecanguaranteeitforanadditional(额外的;附加的)threemonths.W:Thatsoundslikeagooddeal.I’llgetmybatteryhere.Whenwillitbeready?M:UsuallyIcandoitrightawaybutnowI’mrepairinglotsofwatches.Canyouleaveyourwatchhereuntil5pm?W:OK,seeyouthen.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnationalparkisanareaofscenicbeauty,historicalimportance,etc.ownedandmaintainedbyanationalgovernment.Herearesomewiththemostbreathtakingsceneryanddelicateecosystems.AcadiaNationalParkAmericahasthelargestsystemofnationalparksintheworld—58nationalparksarescatteredalloverthevastlandwithvariedlandscape.Almostcompletelysurroundedbythesea,AcadiaNationalParkischaracterizedbynumerousvalleys,lakesandpeaks,andawave-erodedcoastline.Avarietyoflandandsealife,bothplantsandanimalsarewellprotectedinAcadia.EtoshaNationalParkOneofthetop10AfricannationalparksisEtoshaNationalParkinnorthwesternNamibia.Theparkishometohundredsofspeciesofmammals,birdsandreptiles.includingseveralthreatenedandendangeredspeciessuchastheblackrhinoceros.TheEtoshaEcologicalInstituteisresponsibleforresearchinthepark.Classificationofvegetationandecologicalstudiesonwildebeest,elephantsandlionswereamongthefirstajortopicstobeinvestigated.Ort-CrosNationalParkOrt-CrosNationalParkisanationalparkestablishedontheMediterraneanislandofOrt-Cros.Italsoadministersnaturalareasinsomesurroundinglocales.Establishedin1963,Ort-CrosNationalParkisthefirstnationalparkinEuropethatuniteslandandmarineprotectionzones.Theprotectedareaisabout1,700hectaresoflandand2,900hectaresofsea.ShenNongjiaNationalParkShenNongiiaNationalParkissituatedinthenorthwestofHubeiprovince.Itismostfamousforthesubtropicalrainforestecosystem.Thesphagnum(泥炭藓)wetland,knownas“theearth’skidney”,hasarichcollectionoforictocoenosis(生物化石)andservesasashelterofagreatvarietyofrarespecies,whichisnamed“agreenwonderat31degreesnorthlatitude”.21．WhichnationalparkwillinterestanAfricanwildlifefan?A．AcadiaNationalPark. B．EtoshaNationalPark.C．Ort-CrosNationalPark. D．ShenNongjiaNationalPark.22．WhatdoAcadiaNationalParkandOrt-CrosNationalParkhaveincommon?A．Thereisanecologicalinstituteforresearch.B．Theyfeatureasubtropicalrainforestecosystem.C．Sealife,aswellaslandlife,areprotectedthere.D．Theyarethelargestnationalparksinthecountry.23．Whereisthepassagemostprobablyfrom?A．Abiologytextbook. B．Ageographymagazine.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Atravelbrochure.【答案】21．B22．C23．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家公园的信息。21．细节理解题。根据第三段“Theparkishometohundredsofspeciesofmammals,birdsandreptiles.includingseveralthreatenedandendangeredspeciessuchastheblackrhinoceros.TheEtoshaEcologicalInstituteisresponsibleforresearchinthepark.Classificationofvegetationandecologicalstudiesonwildebeest,elephantsandlionswereamongthefirstajortopicstobeinvestigated.(该公园是数百种哺乳动物、鸟类和爬行动物的家园。包括黑犀牛等几种濒危物种。埃托沙生态研究所负责公园的研究工作。角马、大象和狮子的植被分类和生态学研究是第一个要调查的主要课题)”可知，EtoshaNationalPark会引起非洲野生动物爱好者的兴趣。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Avarietyoflandandsealife,bothplantsandanimalsarewellprotectedinAcadia.(各种各样的陆地和海洋生物，包括植物和动物都在阿卡迪亚受到很好的保护)”以及倒数第二段“Establishedin1963,Ort-CrosNationalParkisthefirstnationalparkinEuropethatuniteslandandmarineprotectionzones.(奥特克罗斯国家公园成立于1963年，是欧洲第一个将陆地和海洋保护区结合起来的国家公园)”可知，阿卡迪亚国家公园和奥特克罗斯国家公园的共同之处是海洋生物和陆地生物都在那里受到保护。故选C。23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Anationalparkisanareaofscenicbeauty,historicalimportance,etc.ownedandmaintainedbyanationalgovernment.Herearesomewiththemostbreathtakingsceneryanddelicateecosystems.(国家公园是由国家政府拥有和维护的风景优美、具有重要历史意义等的地区。这里有一些最令人惊叹的风景和脆弱的生态系统)”结合文章主要介绍了四个国家公园的信息。可推知，文章选自地理杂志。故选B。BInapostsharedonTwitterlastMonday,thewoman,AmyClukey,explainedthatherdad,abeekeeper,diedoflungcanceraboutnineyearsago.But,beforepassingaway,hewroteanotethathehopedoneofhischildrenwouldlaterfind,andfinallyaftersolong,herlittlebrother,whoisnow16yearsold,founditinhisfather’sbeekeepingclothes.Thenotesaid,“Ihopeoneofmychildreniscuriousaboutbeekeeping.Beekeepingisactuallyprettyeasyandyoucanlearneverythingonline.Sodon’tbeafraid,havecourage.Goodluck.LoveDad.”Amyexplainedthatherfatherboughtafarmwhenhewasinhis40s,anditwasthenthathetookupbeekeepingandotherhobbieslikeraisingcattleandhorses.Sheadded,“Whenhewasdiagnosed(诊断)withstage4lungcancer,thedoctorstoldhimthathehad18monthstolive.Hewasafighter.Helived5yearsandaweekafterhisdiagnosis.”Theposthasreceivedover42,800likes,2,333comments,and749,000re-sharesinlessthan24hours,andinthecomments,thewomanaddedthatwhileshedoesn’tdobeekeepingherself,twoofherbrothersareinterestedinit.Oneusercommented,“Ilostmydadin2018.Thispostmakesmecry.”Andanotherusersaid,“Mydadisinthelastfewweeksofhislifebattlingcancer.I’llcomebacktothepostinacoupleofmonthswhenIneeditagain.”Andonealsosharedthestoryofherpersonalloss,writing,“Ilostmyhusbandhalfayearago.Heusedtoleavelittlenotesalloverthehouse.Ican’tbringmyselftomoveanything.”24．WhichofthefollowingisthewishofAmy’sfather?A．Oneofhischildrencouldraisecattleandhorses.B．Hischildrencouldmakebigmoney.C．Oneofhischildrencouldbeinterestedinkeepingbees.D．Hischildrencouldmakegreatcontributionstohoneyproduction.25．WhatkindofpersonwasAmy’sfather?A．Generousandwise. B．Wealthyandhealthy.C．Hard-workingandbrave. D．Easy-goingandintelligent.26．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinthelastparagraph?A．Theusersweremovedbythenote.B．Theusersintendedtowinpeople’ssympathy.C．Theusersalsolosttheirfamilymembers.D．Theuserswereinterestedinthebeekeeper’sdeath.27．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Afather’sdeathtouchedpeople’shearts.B．Peoplemadecommentsonafather’sdeath.C．Beekeepingisimportantformanyfamilies.D．Afather’snotepostedonlineattractedattention.【答案】24．C25．C26．A27．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕作者父亲留下的一个纸条的内容展开，引发了网上无数人的转发和点赞，让众多网友感动。24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thenotesaid,“Ihopeoneofmychildreniscuriousaboutbeekeeping.(纸条上写着:“我希望我的一个孩子对养蜂感兴趣。)”可知，Amy的父亲的愿望是他的一个孩子能对养蜜蜂感兴趣。故选C项。25．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Amyexplainedthatherfatherboughtafarmwhenhewasinhis40s,anditwasthenthathetookupbeekeepingandotherhobbieslikeraisingcattleandhorses.(Amy解释说，她父亲在40多岁的时候买了一个农场，从那时起，他开始养蜂和养牛、养马等其他爱好。)”可知，Amy的父亲很勤劳，四十多岁了还在养蜂、养牛、羊马；同时后文“Sheadded,“Whenhewasdiagnosedwithstage4lungcancer,thedoctorstoldhimthathehad18monthstolive.Hewasafighter.Helived5yearsandaweekafterhisdiagnosis.”(她补充说:“当他被诊断为肺癌4期时，医生告诉他，他只能活18个月。他是个斗士。他在确诊后活了5年零1周。”)”可知，Amy的父亲在发现有癌症后没有放弃，而是顽强抵抗疾病，非常勇敢。故选C项。26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Oneusercommented,“Ilostmydadin2018.Thispostmakesmecry.”(一位用户评论道:“我在2018年失去了爸爸。这个帖子让我哭了。”)”可知，用户们都被这个帖子感动了。故选A项。27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“But,beforepassingaway,hewroteanotethathehopedoneofhischildrenwouldlaterfind,andfinallyaftersolong,herlittlebrother,whoisnow16yearsold,founditinhisfather’sbeekeepingclothes.(但是，在去世前，他写了一张纸条，希望他的一个孩子以后能找到。终于，过了这么久，她的小弟弟，现在16岁了，在他父亲养蜂的衣服里发现了这张纸条。)”根据第四段“Theposthasreceivedover42,800likes,2,333comments,and749,000re-sharesinlessthan24hours”（在不到24小时的时间里，该帖子获得了超过42800个点赞、2333条评论和74.9万不断分享）可知，本文主要围绕了父亲写的这张纸条展开。故选D项。CCoralcreatesreefs,structuresintheoceanthatsupportentireecosystems.However,climatechangeisthreateningtheexistenceofsuchreefs.TheGreatBarrierReefhassufferedfourbleachingeventsinthelastsevenyears.Coralbleachinghappenswhenextremetemperaturesandsunlightforcecoralstoreleasealgaelivingintheirtissue.Thiscausesthemtolosetheircolorandturnwhite.Theexperiencegreatlyweakensthecoralandcankillthem.ScientistsworkingonAustralia’sGreatBarrierReefhavesuccessfullytestedanewmethodforfreezingandstoringcorallarvae—theveryyoungformofthesmalloceananimal.ThescienceprojectinAustraliainvolvesfreezingandstoringcorallarvaetouselaterforrewilding.Anewmaterialcalled“cryomesh”ishelpingthescientistsintheeffort.Coralisfrozenusingaspecialmethodcalledcryogenics.Thispermitstheyounganimalstobestoreduntiltheycanbeunfrozenandplacedinthewild.Theprocesscurrentlyrequireshigh-techequipmentincludinglasersandiscostly.But,theteaminAustraliasayscryomeshcandoabetterjobofsavingthecoralandformuchlessmoney.Themeshtechnologyhelpstostorecorallarvaeat-196degreesCelsius.ThescientistsusedthecryomeshtofreezeGreatBarrierReefcorallarvaeattheAustralianInstituteofMarineSciences,orAIMS.Workerscollectedthecoralduringtheanimal’sbriefyearlyreproductiveperiod.MaryHagedorn,SeniorResearchScientistatSmithsonianNationalZooandConservationBiologyInstituteexplained,“Ifwecansecurethebiodiversityofcoral...thenwe’llhavetoolsforthefuturetoreallyhelprestorethereefs.”Sheadded,“...thistechnologyforcoralreefsinthefutureisarealgame-changer.”ThecryomeshhadbeentestedearlieronsmallerandlargerkindsofHawaiancorals.Atestonthelargerfailed.Testsarecontinuingwithlarger-sizeGreatBarrierReefcoral.Thetestsinvolvescientistsfromfourorganizations.TogethertheyarepartoftheReefRestorationandAdaptationProgram.28．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Acomparisonoftwoexperiments. B．Anewmethodforrestoringcoralreefs.C．TheGreatBarrierReefundergreatthreat. D．Scientists’jointeffortstosupporttheecosystem.29．What’stheadvantageofcyomeshovercryogenics?A．Itiseasiertostore. B．Itislessexpensive.C．Itfreezeslarvaefaster. D．Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.30．What’sMaryHagedorn’spointinparagraph6?A．Peoplecandomoreaboutthebiodiversityofcorals.B．Thescientistsbarelyhavetoolstohelpthereefsrestore.C．Thecryomeshtechnologyhaschangedthecorals’situation.D．Themeshtechnologywillplayavitalroleinrestoringthereefs.31．Whatcanweinferaboutthecryomeshtechnology?A．Testsonlargercoralsaremoreimportant.B．Itisgoingtobeappliedwidelytomorecorals.C．OnlyscientistsofAIMSareinvolvedinthetests.D．Moreexperimentsareneededtoproveitsefficiency.【答案】28．B29．B30．D31．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在澳大利亚大堡礁工作的科学家们成功地测试了一种冷冻和储存珊瑚幼虫的新方法。介绍了这种技术的操作方法以及优势等。28．主旨大意题。根据第三段“ScientistsworkingonAustralia’sGreatBarrierReefhavesuccessfullytestedanewmethodforfreezingandstoringcorallarvae—theveryyoungformofthesmalloceananimal.(在澳大利亚大堡礁工作的科学家们成功地测试了一种冷冻和储存珊瑚幼虫的新方法。珊瑚幼虫是一种小型海洋动物的幼体)”结合文章还介绍了这种技术的操作方法以及优势等可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一种恢复珊瑚礁的新方法。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Coralisfrozenusingaspecialmethodcalledcryogenics.Thispermitstheyounganimalstobestoreduntiltheycanbeunfrozenandplacedinthewild.Theprocesscurrentlyrequireshigh-techequipmentincludinglasersandiscostly.But,theteaminAustraliasayscryomeshcandoabetterjobofsavingthecoralandformuchlessmoney.(珊瑚是用一种叫做低温的特殊方法冷冻的。这样就可以将幼虫储存起来，直到它们可以解冻并放在野外。目前，这一过程需要包括激光在内的高科技设备，而且成本高昂。但是，澳大利亚的研究团队表示，cryomesh可以以更少的钱在拯救珊瑚方面做得更好)”可知，与低温学相比，cyomesh的优势是更便宜。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据第六段“MaryHagedorn,SeniorResearchScientistatSmithsonianNationalZooandConservationBiologyInstituteexplained,“Ifwecansecurethebiodiversityofcoral...thenwe’llhavetoolsforthefuturetoreallyhelprestorethereefs.”Sheadded,“...thistechnologyforcoralreefsinthefutureisarealgame-changer.”(史密森尼国家动物园和保护生物学研究所的高级研究科学家MaryHagedorn解释说：“如果我们能确保珊瑚的生物多样性……然后我们就有了未来真正帮助恢复珊瑚礁的工具。”她还说，“……这项用于未来珊瑚礁的技术是真正的游戏规则改变者。”)”可知，MaryHagedorn在第6段中的观点是网格技术将在恢复珊瑚礁方面发挥至关重要的作用。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThecryomeshhadbeentestedearlieronsmallerandlargerkindsofHawaiancorals.Atestonthelargerfailed.Testsarecontinuingwithlarger-sizeGreatBarrierReefcoral.(早前，cryomesh已经在夏威夷的小型和大型珊瑚上进行了测试。对较大的一个测试失败了。对更大尺寸的大堡礁珊瑚的测试仍在继续)”可推知，需要更多的实验来证明cryomesh技术的效率。故选D。DOpenAIhasannouncedamajorupgradetothetechnologythatreinforcesChatGPT.IfyouthinkofChatGPTasacar,thenewlanguagemodelknownasGPT-4addsamorepowerfulengine.Itopensupaneweraofsuper-efficiency,whereprofessionalswillhavetoworksmarterandfaster–orbeknockedout.ThereisnobetterexampleofthisthanMorganStanley,whichhasbeenusingGPT-4sincelastyear.ThebanktrainedGPT-4onthousandsofpaperspublishedbyitsanalyststocreateachatbotforitsownwealthadvisers.About200staffatthebankhavebeenusingitdaily.OneanalyticschiefsaidtheeffortwouldalsofurtherenrichtherelationshipbetweenMorganStanleyadvisorsandtheirclientsbyenablingthemtoassistmorepeoplemorequickly.Howmuchmorequickly?Whatusedtobedoneinhalfanhourcannowbedoneinseconds.PowerfulAIsystemslikeGPT-4aren’tgoingtoreplacelargenumbersofprofessionalworkers.Buttheywillputthemundergreaterpressuretobemoreproductiveandfasteratwhattheydo.Thatiswhatpartlyhappenedtoprofessionaltranslatorsandinterpreters.AsartificialintelligencetoolslikeGoogleTranslateandDeepLgrewinpopularityamongbusinesscustomers,manytranslatorsfearedtheywouldbereplaced.Instead,theywereexpectedtoincreasetheiroutput.AIwillalsoraisethebaronthehuman’sperformance.Withtheextrahelp,peoplehavenoexcusestoleaveanythingout.Muchofthisistypicalofthemarchoftechnology.Smartphonesallowedustobeconnectedtoworkatalltimes.Slackallowedustocommunicatewithmorepeopleinsideacompany.Butsuchtoolsalsokeptusfurtherchainedtowork,squeezing(压榨)outminutesinthedaythatworkersmighthaveusedinthepastfordeep-thinkingorjusttakingabreather.GPT-4clearlyhasthepotentialtosqueezemorevalueoutofhumanworkers,butitmaywellcomeatthecostofourmentalenergy.Howeverbrilliantthesemodelsbecome,watchoutforhowtheymighttakeyouatinystepclosertoburnout.32．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“amajorupgrade”inparagraph1referto?A．ChatGPT. B．GPT-4. C．Anewengine. D．OpenAI.33．WhatisaconsequenceofGPT-4’sintroductioninMorganStanley?A．Morestaffhavebeenlaidoff.B．Adviserscanhavemorefreetime.C．Thestaffarepushedtoworkharder.D．Morepaperswillbepublishedbyanalysts.34．WhydoestheauthormentionsmartphonesandSlackinparagraph4?A．Tostresstherapiddevelopmentoftechnology.B．ToexplainwhyAIisuniversallyused.C．Topromoteseveralonlineworkingplatforms.D．Toshowsideeffectsoftechnologicaladvances.35．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．ChatGPThasabrightfutureinvariousfields.B．PowerfulAIsystemsaregoingtoreplaceworkers.C．Anewtechnologyhasbeenlaunchedtoimproveproductivity.D．GPT-4couldturntheworkplaceintoaproductivebutcrazyplace.【答案】32．B33．C34．D35．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述GPT-4让工作变得高效，而员工却不得不疯狂地工作，以至于牺牲他们的休息和思考时间，否则他们就会面临淘汰的风险。32．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“IfyouthinkofChatGPTasacar,thenewlanguagemodelknownasGPT-4addsamorepowerfulengine.Itopensupaneweraofsuper-efficiency,whereprofessionalswillhavetoworksmarterandfaster–orbeknockedout.(如果你把ChatGPT想象成一辆汽车，那么被称为GPT-4的新语言模型增加了一个更强大的引擎。它开启了一个超高效的新时代，专业人士必须更聪明、更快地工作，否则就会被淘汰)”可知，上文提到的“amajorupgrade(重大升级)”指的就是GPT-4。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Itopensupaneweraofsuper-efficiency,whereprofessionalswillhavetoworksmarterandfaster–orbeknockedout.(它开启了一个超高效的新时代，专业人士必须更聪明、更快地工作，否则就会被淘汰)”和第二段的“ThereisnobetterexampleofthisthanMorganStanley,whichhasbeenusingGPT-4sincelastyear.(没有比MorganStanley更好的例子了，它自去年以来一直在使用GPT-4)”可知，MorganStanley引入GPT-4的一个后果是它的员工不得不更加努力的工作。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Butsuchtoolsalsokeptusfurtherchainedtowork,squeezing(压榨)outminutesinthedaythatworkersmighthaveusedinthepastfordeep-thinkingorjusttakingabreather.(但这些工具也让我们进一步被束缚在工作上，挤出了过去员工可能用来深入思考或休息的时间)”推知，第四段提到智能手机和Slack是为了说明技术进步带来的副作用——人们被束缚在工作上，没有时间休息或思考。故选D。35．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“OpenAIhasannouncedamajorupgradetothetechnologythatreinforcesChatGPT.IfyouthinkofChatGPTasacar,thenewlanguagemodelknownasGPT-4addsamorepowerfulengine.Itopensupaneweraofsuper-efficiency,whereprofessionalswillhavetoworksmarterandfaster–orbeknockedout.(OpenAI宣布对增强ChatGPT的技术进行重大升级。如果你把ChatGPT想象成一辆汽车，那么被称为GPT-4的新语言模型增加了一个更强大的引擎。它开启了一个超高效的新时代，专业人士必须更聪明、更快地工作，否则就会被淘汰)”可知，文章主要讲述GPT-4让工作变得高效，而员工却不得不疯狂地工作，以至于牺牲他们的休息和思考时间，否则他们就会面临淘汰的风险。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everycompanyfacesthesamechallenge:Howcantheyshowtheiruniquenesssothatbuyerswillonlypurchasefromthem?Everyemployeefacesachallengeaswell:Howcantheymakethemselvesspecialandsecuretheirpositions?____36____Herearefourofthemtohelpyoubecomebothuniqueandirreplaceable.Communicateclearly.Everyjobrequiresclearcommunication.____37____Aownerofthebusinessneedstosettargetsandexpectationssothatteammembersknowexactlywhattheyhavetodoandcustomersknowexactlywhatthey’regetting.____38____Whenwetakeafirstjoboropenafirstbusiness,welearnasquicklyaswecan,becausewecanseehowmuchthereistoknow.Thehardestemployeestoreplacearethosewhoneverstoptryingtoimprove,andthecompaniesthatstandoutaretheonesthatareneverleftbehind.Developcreativity.____39____It’sdeveloped.It’stheresultofunderstandingtheideasandcreationsofothers,andofbuildingandimprovingyourownplans.It’salsowhatmakescompaniesstandoutandemployeesdeliverextravaluetotheirbosses.Enjoywhatyoudo.Bothemployersandcustomersarelookingforonething—happiness.Weallwanttoenjoyourselves—andnoonewantstobuyfromorworkwithsomeonewho’snotenjoyingwhattheydo.____40____.A．Creativityisn’tinborn.B．Alwayslooktoimproving.C．Worksmartlyratherthanhard.D．Ifyoulookforahigherstandardofliving,becreative.E．Whoeveryouare,thesolutionstothechallengesarethesame.F．Adirectorneedstoexplainclearlytotherestoftheteamwhathe’sdoing.G．Itmeanschoosingtheworkyoulikeandenjoyingthelifeyourworkgivesyou.【答案】36．E37．F38．B39．A40．G【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些帮助你变得独特、不可替代的方法。36．下文“Herearefourofthemtohelpyoubecomebothuniqueandirreplaceable.”（下面是其中的四条，可以帮助你变得独一无二、无可替代。）中的“them”指代空处的“solutions”，与选项E.Whoeveryouare,thesolutionstothechallengesarethesame.（无论你是谁，应对挑战的方法都是一样的。）