专题-03-阅读理解(七选五)-(解析版)

专题03阅读理解（七选五）--2023年新高考八省最新名校联考试题汇编（解析版）1.【2023届河北省衡水中学高三上学期四调】IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingT-shirts,sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.____16____XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.____17____Andinthe20thcenturybothSunYat-senandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.And,thoughitmaylookquiteabitdifferentthanWesternchess,Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescandoandhowthegameisplayed.LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer’s“king”.____18____UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross.____19____ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife-or-deathwar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor(隐喻)referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.____20____A．Actually,inXiangqiheisjustageneral.B．DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.C．Itiscalled“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”.D．ThegameiscalledXiangqi,agameofordinarypeople.E．TherearemanydifferencesbetweenXiangqiandWesternchess.F．Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.G．SeveralsayingsrelatedtoXiangqiareincommonuseinChinatoday.【答案】16．D

17．B

18．A

19．C

20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的象棋。16．上文“IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingT-shirts,sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.”（如果你在夏天去中国的任何一个城市旅行，你会看到人们，大多数是穿着T恤的男人，坐在人行道上的阴凉处的矮椅子上，用大圆盘木头玩游戏）描述了下象棋的景象，下文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.”（象棋的历史可以追溯到战国）介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时代，所以空处应该指出这个游戏是象棋，D项“这个游戏叫象棋，一个普通人的游戏”符合逻辑关系。故选D。17．根据上文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.”（象棋的历史可以追溯到战国。虽然专家们对象棋的创造者以及它与西洋象棋的联系有不同的看法，但毫无疑问，到了唐代，象棋在中国已经成为一种流行的游戏）介绍象棋在中国历史悠久，很受欢迎。这里是按时间顺序：战国时期—唐朝，所以空处应该按照时间讲唐朝之后的一个时期，象棋的发展情形。B项“在清朝时期，它的知名度增加了”符合时间逻辑关系。故选B。18．空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer’s“king”.”（和西洋象棋一样，这个游戏的目的是捕捉对手的“国王”）推知，空处应该讲述中国象棋中的“王”，A项“其实在象棋里他只是个将军。”符合题意。故选A。19．上文“UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross.”（与西方国际象棋不同，棋子不是放在正方形中，而是放在直线的交叉点上。象棋和西洋象棋的另一大区别是棋盘中间有一大块空白，象无法通过）提到中国象棋中有个空间是象不能越过的；下文“ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife-or-deathwar.”（这个空间指的是中国的一个地区，刘邦和项羽在那里进行了一场生死战）提到这个空间就是刘邦和项羽打生死战的地方，所以空处应是对这个空间进行定义，C项“它被称为“楚河汉界””符合逻辑。故选C。20．根据上文“Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor(隐喻)referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.”（这场战争的影响是如此之大，以至于“楚汉边界”已经成为一个隐喻，指的是两个敌对军队之间的任何边界。当今天的中国人看到这个名字在黑板上，战斗的画面浮现在他们的脑海中，仿佛被浓烟包围，能够听到战鼓的敲击声）提到楚河汉界是一种隐喻，因此下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面。F项“一场激烈的战斗即将在这个小棋盘上进行”符合逻辑。故选F。【2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三上学期模拟考试试题】Weeds,thefast-growingplantsthatcannotbeeatenanddonotbringflowers,areacommonproblemforgardeners.Someusechemicalstokillweeds.Otherspullthemupbyhandorwithheavymachinery.Luckily,thereareotherwaystolimittheirgrowth.Forstarters,therearemulches(护根物)whichcanburyweeds.Mulchesaremadefromorganicmaterial,suchasleaves,grasscuttings,andsmallpiecesofwood.Theyarespreadoverthegroundinagardentocontrolweeds.Organicmulchesbreakdownovertime.____16____Thatisnotabadthing,becausetheirdecomposition(分解)createsnutrientsforplantsandhumus(腐殖质)tokeepsoilswetandfulloffreshair.Plasticmulchisanotherwaytostopweeds.Commonblackplasticiseasytolaydown.Italsoeffectivelyblocksweedsandhelpssoilwarmfasterinthespring.____17____Areflectiveplasticmulch,forexample,keepssomeplant-eatinginsectsaway.Amajorproblemwithplasticisthatitbreaksapartovertime,soeventuallyitneedstobethrownaway,plusitaddsnothingtothesoilasfarasnutrientsorhumus.____18____Finally,inadditiontodirectattacksonweeds,howyouplantyourgardencanindirectlyinfluenceweedgrowth.Forexample,closespacingofplantsinthegardenblockssunlightfromreachingthegroundandcanlimitweedgrowth.Andusingawateringmethodknownasdripirrigationwilldirectsmallamountsofwatertotherootsofyourplantsinsteadoftheweeds.____19____Lyinginsoilaremillionsofweedseedsjustwaitingtobeawakenedbylightandair.____20____Instead,yourgoalissimplytolimittheirgrowthinthegarden.A．Soyoumustaddmoretoyourgardenoften.B．Soitisbyfarthebestsupportforplantgrowth.C．Andplasticalsocanblockairfromreachingthesoil.D．Asmallgroupofgeesecanclearweedsinhalfahectareofland.E．Whetherornotyoudigupyoursoilalsoinfluencesweedgrowth.F．Usinganyorallofthesemethodswillnotpermanentlystopweedgrowth.G．Recentexperimentswithothercoloredplastichaveshowneffectsonbothbugsandplantgrowth.【答案】16．A

17．G

18．C

19．E

20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在花园中限制杂草的生长。16．根据空前的“Organicmulchesbreakdownovertime.(有机覆盖物会随着时间的推移而分解。)”和空后的“Thatisnotabadthing,becausetheirdecomposition(分解)createsnutrientsforplantsandhumus(腐殖质)tokeepsoilswetandfulloffreshair.(这不是一件坏事，因为它们的分解为植物和腐殖质创造了养分，以保持土壤湿润和充满新鲜空气。)”可知，空前说明有机覆盖物会慢慢分解，空后说明那不是一件坏事，由此可见，that应该是一种做法不是坏事，结合选项可知，A选项“Soyoumustaddmoretoyourgardenoften.(因此，你必须经常向花园中添加更多内容。)”讲述的就是一种做法，符合上下文语境，起到一个承上启下的作用。故选A项。17．根据上文中的“Commonblackplasticiseasytolaydown.Italsoeffectivelyblocksweedsandhelpssoilwarmfasterinthespring.(普通的黑色塑料很容易放下。它还可以有效地阻挡杂草，并帮助土壤在春季更快地变暖。)”与空后的“Areflectiveplasticmulch,forexample,keepssomeplant-eatinginsectsaway.(例如，反光塑料覆盖物可以防止一些食草昆虫。)”可知，空前讲述的是黑色的塑料覆盖物作用，而空后的内容是说明能反光的塑料覆盖物也有同样的作用，所以此空指出其他颜色的塑料覆盖物有相应的作用，G选项“Recentexperimentswithothercoloredplastichaveshowneffectsonbothbugsandplantgrowth.(最近用其他彩色塑料进行的实验表明，对虫子和植物生长都有影响。)”符合上下文语境。故选G项。18．根据空前的“Amajorproblemwithplasticisthatitbreaksapartovertime,soeventuallyitneedstobethrownaway,plusitaddsnothingtothesoilasfarasnutrientsorhumus.(塑料的一个主要问题是它会随着时间的推移而破裂，所以最终需要把它扔掉，而且它不会给土壤增加任何营养或腐殖质。)”可知，此处应该是讲述塑料覆盖物的其他问题，C选项“Andplasticalsocanblockairfromreachingthesoil.(塑料也会阻止空气进入土壤。)”的内容符合语境。故选C项。19．根据本段的主题句“Finally,inadditiontodirectattacksonweeds,howyouplantyourgardencanindirectlyinfluenceweedgrowth.(最后，除了对杂草的直接攻击外，你种植花园的方式也会间接影响杂草的生长。)”可知，此处说明的是如何进行种植以阻止花园杂草的生长，E选项“Whetherornotyoudigupyoursoilalsoinfluencesweedgrowth.(无论是否挖掘土壤，都会影响杂草的生长。)”讲述的是一种种植的方式，符合上下文语境。故选E项。20．分析文章结构，可知最后一段是总结部分，所以该空选择的内容要概括全文，再结合空后的“Instead,yourgoalissimplytolimittheirgrowthinthegarden.”可知，这些方法的使用只是为了阻止杂草在花园中生长，F选项“Usinganyorallofthesemethodswillnotpermanentlystopweedgrowth.”提及了上文讲述的阻止杂草生长的方法，同时与空后的内容完全吻合。故选F项。3.【福建省厦门第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月试题】Screentimeincludesallthosehoursyouspendinfrontofyourcomputeratwork,andthetimeyouspendplayingwithyourcellphoneorwatchingTV.____16____Accordingtosomeresearch,therearesomeconvincingreasonstomaketheefforttolookatsomethingelseotherthanascreen.It'sbadforyourhealth.Beinginfrontofascreenisalmostalwayssedentary(久坐的)behavior,whichrelatestothingslikelowerfitnesslevels.Turnthisaroundbychoosingsomethingactive.Youdonothavetodoexerciseatthegym.____17____Theycanhelpyoukeephealthy.Itmessesupyoursleep.Whenteenagershavemorethanfourhoursofscreentimeperday,andespeciallywhentheyusetheirscreensbeforegoingtobed,theyhavetroublefallingasleep.Ifyou'renotsleepingwell,itwillnotonlymakeyoufeeltiredthenextday,butitcanalsoaffectyourperformanceatworkorinschool.____18____Ithinders(妨碍)yourbrain’sperformance.____19____Researchersaren'tyetsurewhythisistrue,butitprobablyhastodowiththewaysthattechnologyteachesthebraintofunction.Ifkidswanttoperformwellinsituationsthatinvolvememorizationorproblemsolving,limittheirscreentime.____20____Peoplewhospendmoretimeonline,especiallyyoungpeople,aremorelikelytostrugglewithcommunication.Ifinterpersonalcommunicationisimportanttoyouorpartofyourjob,youwilllikelygetbenefitsifyouspendlesstimeinfrontofyourscreen.A．Italladdsup.B．Herecomesasolution.C．Ifyoushoulduseascreen,trytodojustthat.D．It’snotgoodfordevelopingcommunicationskills.E．Youcantakeawalk,orworkonaprojectathome.F．Kidsdobetterinschoolwhentheyhavelessscreentime.G．Soit’sworththeefforttouseyourscreenlessandgetmorerest.【答案】16．A

17．E

18．G

19．F

20．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了看屏幕时间过长的一些危害。16．根据前文“Screentimeincludesallthosehoursyouspendinfrontofyourcomputeratwork,andthetimeyouspendplayingwithyourcellphoneorwatchingTV.(屏幕时间包括你在电脑前工作的所有时间，以及你玩手机或看电视的时间。)”可知，这里对屏幕时间的概念做了解释和限定，A项“Italladdsup.(这些都算数。)”是对前文内容的一种总结。故选A。17．根据前文“Youdonothavetodoexerciseatthegym.(你不必非得在健身房锻炼。)”可知，E项“Youcantakeawalk,orworkonaprojectathome.(你可以散散步或者在家里运动。)”承接前文，不能去健身房的话可以在家锻炼或外出散步。故选E。18．根据前文“Ifyou'renotsleepingwell,itwillnotonlymakeyoufeeltiredthenextday,butitcanalsoaffectyourperformanceatworkorinschool.(如果你睡不好，不仅会让你第二天感到疲倦，还会影响你在工作或学校的表现。)”可知，此处指出长时间看屏幕会造成不好的结果，即会导致睡眠不好，让你第二天感到疲倦，由此可知，空处应该是对上文进行总结，指出我们应该少对着屏幕，G项“Soit’sworththeefforttouseyourscreenlessandgetmorerest.(因此，少对着屏幕多休息是值得的。)”符合，是基于前文得出的结论，应该多休息少对着屏幕。故选G。19．根据后文“Ifkidswanttoperformwellinsituationsthatinvolvememorizationorproblemsolving,limittheirscreentime.(如果孩子们想在涉及记忆或解决问题的情况下表现良好，就限制他们在屏幕上的时间。)”可知，如果减少面对屏幕的时间，孩子们的表现就会更好，与F项“Kidsdobetterinschoolwhentheyhavelessscreentime.(当孩子们有更少的屏幕时间时，他们在学校表现更好。)”呼应。故选F。20．根据后文“Peoplewhospendmoretimeonline,especiallyyoungpeople,aremorelikelytostrugglewithcommunication.(花更多时间上网的人，尤其是年轻人，更有可能难以与人沟通。)”可知，本段主要讲的是面对屏幕时间过长对沟通方面的影响，因此D项“It’snotgoodfordevelopingcommunicationskills.(这不利于培养沟通技巧。)”适合作为本段的中心句。故选D。4.【广东省六校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期第三次联考英语试题】BenefitsofplayingonlinegamesThepastthreeyearsduringthepandemichighlightedjusthowimportantyourmentalandphysicalhealthis.Whilethereareplentyofwaysyoucanimproveyourhealth,manyofwhicharecommonknowledge,butonethatyoumaynothaveconsideredisthehealthbenefitsofplayingonlinegames.___16___,butitdoes.ThesocialbenefitsPerhapsthemostobviousbenefitisthesocialaspectofonlinegaming.Somanyofthegamesofferedtodaygiveplayersthechancetoconnectwithotherslocatedaroundtheworld.___17___,you’llbesocializingwithothersinreal-timethankstothein-gamechatfeature.Manyofthetoptrendinggamesofferthismodeofplay,soit’snothardtofind.EnjoysomestressreliefOnlinegamingisalsoawayforpeopletounplugfromtheireverydaylivesandenjoysomestressrelief.Whenyou’regaming,youareinthatmoment,andyourbrainisn’tthinkingaboutanythingelse.___18___.ProblemsolvingskillswillbeneededPrettymucheveryonlinegameouttherewillrequireproblem-solvingskillsofonetypeoranother.Thisisaskillthatcanhelpyouinvariousareasofyoureverydaylife,sofindingawaytobuildonitisexcellent.___19___Thenthereistheelementofrisk,whichmanyonlinegamesalsofeature.Learninghowtobearisk-taker,atleastacalculatedrisk-taker,canbeahelpfulbenefit.___20___,lookattheprosandcons,andmakethemovethatwillbenefityoumost.Onlinecasino(赌场)sitescanbeperfectforrisk-takingskills.Eachtimeyouplaceabet,youaretakingarisk,andthereneedstobeathoughtprocessbehindit.You’lllearnthedifferencebetweensmartandnotsosmartrisksfast.Byacknowledgingthehealthbenefitsofonlinegames,you’llstarttoseetheminawholenew,muchmorepositivelight.A．Tapintoyourrisk-takingsideB．Improveyourdecision-makingabilityC．WhetheryouplayagainstthemorteamupD．IfyoubecomemoreconfidentincopingwithtroubleE．ItwilltrainyourbrainhowtoweighupyouroptionsF．ThisisperfectforthosewhohaveahardtimeshuttingoffG．Itmaybehardtobelievethatgamingprovidesrealandmeasurablebenefits【答案】16．G

17．C

18．F

19．A

20．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玩网络游戏的好处。16．上文“Whilethereareplentyofwaysyoucanimproveyourhealth,manyofwhicharecommonknowledge,butonethatyoumaynothaveconsideredisthehealthbenefitsofplayingonlinegames.(虽然有很多方法可以改善你的健康，其中许多是常识，但你可能没有考虑过玩网络游戏对健康的好处)”引出话题，提到玩网络游戏对健康的好处，下文“butitdoes(但确实如此)”。由此推知，空格处内容为可能你不认为玩网络游戏会带来健康的好处。由此可知，选项G项Itmaybehardtobelievethatgamingprovidesrealandmeasurablebenefits.(也许很难相信游戏能够提供真实且可衡量的好处)符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。17．根据该句句子结构可推知，该句应为复合句，空格处应为从句。结合下文主句句意“you’llbesocializingwithothersinreal-timethankstothein-gamechatfeature.(由于游戏内聊天功能，你都可以与他人实时社交)”可知，选项C项Whetheryouplayagainstthemorteamup(无论你是与他们对抗还是组队)符合该句结构，为Whether…or…引导的的让步状语从句，再结合句意可知，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。18．由该空位于该段句尾，可知为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“Onlinegamingisalsoawayforpeopletounplugfromtheireverydaylivesandenjoysomestressrelief.Whenyou’regaming,youareinthatmoment,andyourbrainisn’tthinkingaboutanythingelse.(网络游戏也是人们从日常生活中解脱出来、缓解压力的一种方式。当你在玩游戏时，你就沉浸在那一刻，你的大脑不会想其他事情)”讲的是玩网络游戏是一种缓解压力的方式，让你不会想其他事情。由此可知，选项F项Thisisperfectforthosewhohaveahardtimeshuttingoff.(这对于那些难以关闭思考的人来说是完美的)与该段内容一致，为总结该段内容。故选F项。19．由该题为段落小标题，可知为总结该段的内容。根据下文“Thenthereistheelementofrisk,whichmanyonlinegamesalsofeature.Learninghowtobearisk-taker,atleastacalculatedrisk-taker,canbeahelpfulbenefit.(其次是风险元素，这也是许多在线游戏的特色。学习如何成为一个冒险者，至少是一个有计划的冒险者，会有很大的好处)”可知，讲的是关于冒险。由此可知，选项A项Tapintoyourrisk-takingside.(挖掘你冒险的一面)意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。20．上文“Learninghowtobearisk-taker,atleastacalculatedrisk-taker,canbeahelpfulbenefit.(学习如何成为一个冒险者，至少是一个有计划的冒险者，会有很大的好处)”说明成为冒险者会有好处。下文“lookattheprosandcons,andmakethemovethatwillbenefityoumost.(看看利弊，然后做出对你最有利的选择)”说明在做选择上有好处。由此推知，空格处内容为它会如何让你做出有利的选择。由此可知，选项E项Itwilltrainyourbrainhowtoweighupyouroptions.(它会训练你的大脑如何权衡你的选择)符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。5.【河北省邯郸市第一中学2022-2023学年高三一轮复习收官考试】HowtosurviveastampedeAtleast154peoplewerekilledandmorethan100othersinjuredinastampede(惊逃)accidentthatoccurredatItaewon,Seoul,Korea,duringaHalloweengathering,localauthoritiessaidearlySundaymorning.Whatshouldwedoincaseofsimilarcrowdingandtrampling(踩踏)accidents?Hereareafewtipstoincreasethechancesofsurvivalinanincident.LookforexitsIfyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticealternateexits._____16_____.Keepaneyeonthecrowd_____17_____,aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute._____18_____Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowddonotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled.Moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdkeepingyourhandsupbyyourchestlikeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.ProtectyourheadIfyoufall,getupquickly._____19_____,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup.Donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs.MovediagonallytowardstheexitAfteryou’repushedforward,likeinawavethere’saquietperiod.Inthatperiodisyourchancetomove,andthewayyoumoveisonadiagonal(对角),betweenpocketsofpeople.There’salwaysspacebetweenpeople.Acoupleofstepssideways,anotherwavesurge,thenanothercoupleofstepsinthenextquietperiod._____20_____.A．AvoidanychokepointsB．KeeppacewiththecrowdC．BeawareofthegeneralatmosphereofthecrowdD．Youdon’twanttobeknockedunconsciousinthissituationE．YouworkyourwayoutthatwaytillyougettotheouteredgeF．Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetoutG．Ifyoucan’tkeepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd【答案】16．F

17．C

18．B

19．G

20．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在踩踏中幸存的方法。16．根据上文“Ifyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticealternateexits.(如果你在人群中，首先也是最重要的是让自己熟悉周围的环境，并在心里注意到可供选择的出口)”可知，上文提到要注意出口，本句为本段最后一句，应继续强调要找到出口，知道怎么出去。故F选项“无论你在哪里，一定要知道怎么出去”符合语境。故选F项。17．根据后文“aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute.(因为恐慌的情况经常是可以预料到的。当遇到危险时，几秒钟就能改变一切，让你有可能利用你的逃跑路线)”可知，后文提到恐慌的情况经常是可以预料到的，说明要注意人群是否有恐慌的气氛。故C选项“注意人群的总体气氛”符合语境。故选C项。18．根据本段内容“Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowddonotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled.Moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdkeepingyourhandsupbyyourchestlikeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.(如果你发现自己在移动的人群中间，不要对抗压力，不要站着不动或坐下，因为你很容易被踩踏。向人群的同一个方向移动，双手举在胸前，像拳击手一样——这样可以让你移动，保护你的胸部)”可知，本段的主旨是行动要和人群同一个方向，即与人群同步。故B选项“与人群同步”符合语境，由总括本段的作用。故选B项。19．根据上文“Ifyoufall,getupquickly.(如果你跌倒了，迅速站起来)”以及后文“orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsand

curlup.Donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs).(如果这样做不可能，那就用手臂遮住头部，蜷缩成胎儿的姿势，不要趴在地上或仰卧着，因为这样会暴露肺部，非常危险)”可知，本句是在假设跌倒站不起来的情况，该如何做。故G选项“如果你做不到，继续沿着人群的同一个方向爬行”符合语境。故选G项。20．根据上文“Afteryou’repushedforward,likeinawavethere’saquietperiod.Inthatperiodisyourchancetomove,andthewayyoumoveisonadiagonal(对角),betweenpocketsofpeople.There’salwaysspacebetweenpeople.Acoupleofstepssideways,anotherwavesurge,thenanothercoupleofstepsinthenextquietperiod.(当你向前推进时，就像海浪一样，会有片刻的平静。在这段静默中，你有机会移动，你移动的方式是在一个对角线上，在人群之间。人与人之间总是有距离的。向旁边走了几步，又来了一波浪，然后又走了几步，进入下一个平静期)”可知，本句旨在说明提到利用平静期以及对角线行动来慢慢移动到人群的外围，故E选项“你沿着那条路一直走到外围”符合语境。故选E项。6.【湖南省永州市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期元月考试英语试题】PracticalGuidestoGiftGivingManypeoplefindspecialoccasionsandholidaystobestressful.Tryingtogettherightgiftforeveryoneisnoeasytask.Tomakeyourlifeeasierduringthosetimes,followthesesimpletips:____16____Tryingtofindsomethingthedaybeforetheoccasionisextremelystressfulandisnearlyimpossible.Ifyoudofindyourselfinasituationwhereyouneedtocomeupwithagiftrightaway,getthepersonagiftcertificatetotheirfavoritestore.Don’tgooverboardintryingtofindthemostperfectgift.Ifyoutrywaytoohard,itcreatesresentmentandextremedisappointmentiftherecipient’sreactionisnotwhatyouhavehoped.____17____Avoidbuyingcosmetics(化妆品)forpeoplewhosetasteyoudon’tknow.____18____Thoseitemsareembarrassingtoreturnsincemanystoresdon’tacceptthemback.Itisthesamewithbuyingclothesorjewelry.Avoidgivinglargeitemsforthehomesuchaspaintingsorfurniture.____19____Ifyouvisitthisperson’shome,theywillfacetheembarrassmentofeitherhavingtotellyouthattheygotridofyourgift,orhavingtoputtheunwanteditemondisplayattheirhome.____20____Presentthegiftwithaneasy-goingattitude—simplysmileandsay“Thisisforyou.”Andpleasedon’taskthepersonaboutwhethertheylikeyourgiftornot!Givegracefully,andfeelconfidentaboutyourgift.Peoplewillsurelyappreciateyourskillfulgiftgiving.Includeagiftreceiptwheneveryoucan.Iftherecipientdoesnotlikethegift,heorshewillreallyappreciatetheopportunitytoreturnitorexchangeitforsomethingtheylike.A．Keepitsimpleandreasonable.B．Startlookingforagiftinadvance.C．Chooseproperpresentationandpackaging.D．Howyougiveisasimportantaswhatyougive.E．Somepeoplefeelguiltybuyingthingsnotabsolutelynecessary.F．Mostpeopleareverypickyaboutthebrands,fragrancesandcolors.G．Itputstherecipientsinareallybadpositioniftheydon’tlikeyourgift.【答案】16．B

17．A

18．F

19．G

20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些送礼物的实用建议。16．空格是主旨句。根据空后“Tryingtofindsomethingthedaybeforetheoccasionisextremelystressfulandisnearlyimpossible.Ifyoudofindyourselfinasituationwhereyouneedtocomeupwithagiftrightaway,getthepersonagiftcertificatetotheirfavoritestore.(试着在活动前一天找到一些东西是非常有压力的，几乎是不可能的。如果你发现自己确实处于需要马上想出礼物的情况下，给那个人一张他们最喜欢的商店的礼券)”可知，这里建议大家不要临时选礼物，要有提前意识。由此可知，B项“Startlookingforagiftinadvance.(开始提前挑选礼物)”符合语境。故选B。17．根据空前“Don’tgooverboardintryingtofindthemostperfectgift.Ifyoutrywaytoohard,itcreatesresentmentandextremedisappointmentiftherecipient’sreactionisnotwhatyouhavehoped.(不要过于追求最完美的礼物。如果你太过努力，如果收件人的反应不是你所希望的，就会产生怨恨和极度的失望)”可知，这里建议大家不要在选礼物时过于追求礼物的完美，简单但是合理的礼物就可以。由此可知，A项“Keepitsimpleandreasonable.(保持它简单合理)”符合语境。故选A。18．根据空前“Avoidbuyingcosmetics(化妆品)forpeoplewhosetasteyoudon’tknow.(避免为你不了解口味的人购买化妆品)”可知，这里建议送礼物时不要选化妆品，空格处给出了原因。以及空后“Thoseitemsareembarrassingtoreturnsincemanystoresdon’tacceptthemback.(因为许多商店不接受退货，所以这些商品退回来很尴尬)”可知，退回化妆品是因为接受礼物的人对化妆品很挑剔，会不喜欢。由此可知，F项“Mostpeopleareverypickyaboutthebrands,fragrancesandcolors.(大多数人对化妆品的品牌、香味和颜色都很挑剔)”符合语境。故选F。19．根据空前“Avoidgivinglargeitemsforthehomesuchaspaintingsorfurniture.(不要给家里送大件物品，比如油画或家具)”可知，这里建议不要送大件礼物。以及空后“Ifyouvisitthisperson’shome,theywillfacetheembarrassmentofeitherhavingtotellyouthattheygotridofyourgift,orhavingtoputtheunwanteditemondisplayattheirhome.(如果你去拜访这个人的家，他们将面临尴尬，要么不得不告诉你他们扔掉了你的礼物，要么不得不把不想要的物品放在家里展出)”可知，这种尴尬的情况就是选项中的badposition。由此可知，G项“Itputstherecipientsinareallybadpositioniftheydon’tlikeyourgift.(如果收礼者不喜欢你的礼物，他们会处于非常不利的地位)”符合语境。故选G。20．根据空后“Presentthegiftwithaneasy-goingattitude—simplysmileandsay‘Thisisforyou.’(以随和的态度送礼物——简单地微笑着说：“这是给你的。”)”可知，这里建议送礼物方式。由此可知，D项“Howyougiveisasimportantaswhatyougive.(你如何给予和你给予什么同样重要)”符合语境。故选D。7.【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学年高三上学期试题】Weallhaveprojectsthatneedtobefinished.___36___Believeitornot,thelocationinwhichyouplanyourprojectplaysanimportantrole.Acrowdedplacemeansdistractions(分心)whichcertainlymeansthatyouwillmissoutimportantthingswhichshouldhavebeenincludedintheplan.That’swhyIurgeyoutositdownandmakethisplaninalocationwhereyoucanfocus.___37___Ifyouforsomereasoncannot,thereareotherlocationsavailablesuchasthelibrary,yourworkofficeandsoon.Doyouknowwellabouttheactualpurposeoftheproject?It’snotuncommonthatpeopleforgettooutlinetheexactpurposeoftheprojectinexplicitterms.___38___Ifthepurposeisn’twellexplained,itcouldleadtosomeconfusionsinthefutureaswellaslossoftimeandmoney.Makesureyougetitrightinthebeginning!___39___Youmaychooseoneofthetwowaystostartyourprojectplan,eitherbuildingeverythingfromthebottomuporstartingfromthetopandgoingdown.Theformercaseisusuallythemoredifficultwaytostart;itwouldrequireyoutoknowallthedetailsoftheprojectbeforeyoustarttheplan.Thelatterisusuallythebetterwaytostart.___40___Onceyou’vedonethis,youcanlookateachindividualentryandtrytospecifythedetailsconcerningit.A．Wheredoyoustart?B．Nowlet’stalkabouthowtocarryoutyourprojectplan.C．Itwillhelpyoustartwithageneraloverviewoftheproject.D．Ifyoucanfindsuchaplaceinyourhome,thatwouldbeperfect.E．Itiscertainlytruethatnothavingapurposewillresultinfailure.F．Tosuccessfullycarryoutaproject,weneedtomakeaprojectplan.G．Makesureit’sunderstandablebyallpartiesinvolvedincludingyourself.【答案】36．F

37．D

38．G

39．A

40．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了完成一个项目时，应该注意的几个方面。从选择开始的方式、地点，到理解项目，每一个步骤都很重要。36．下文“Believeitornot,thelocationinwhichyouplanyourprojectplaysanimportantrole.(信不信由你，你计划项目的位置起着重要的作用)”提到关键词planyourproject“计划项目”，空处承上启下，也需要与做计划有关。F项“为了成功地实施一个项目，我们需要制定一个项目计划。”中makeaprojectplan与后文为近义替换，并带有原词复现。故选F项。37．下文“Ifyouforsomereasoncannot,thereareotherlocationsavailablesuchasthelibrary,yourworkofficeandsoon.(如果你因为某种原因找不到，还有其他地方可以去，比如图书馆，你的办公室等等)”提到为项目做计划时可以去的地点，空处起到引领下文的作用，也需要与地点有关。D项“如果你能在家里找到这样一个地方，那就太完美了。”符合文意。故选D项。38．空处为本段主旨句。下文“Ifthepurposeisn’twellexplaineditcouldleadtosomeconfusionsinthefutureaswellaslossoftimeandmoney.Makesureyougetitrightinthebeginning!(如果没有很好地解释目的，将来可能会导致一些混乱以及时间和金钱的损失。确保你一开始就做对了！)”强调解释清楚目的的重要性，可以帮助我们减少混乱和损失，空处也需要与解释、理解项目有关。G项“确保包括你自己在内的各方都能理解。”中understandable和wellexplained为近义替换，符合文意。故选G项。39．空处为本段主旨句。下文“Youmaychooseoneofthetwowaystostartyourprojectplan,eitherbuildingeverythingfromthebottomuporstartingfromthetopandgoingdown.(你可以选择两种方法中的一种来开始你的项目计划，要么从下往上建造一切，要么从上往下开始)”讲述了开始项目计划的两种方式，空处主旨句统领整段也是讲解开始的方式。A项“你从哪里开始？”符合段意。故选A项。40．上文“Thelatterisusuallythebetterwaytostart.(后者通常是更好的开始方式)”讲到后者是更好的开始方式，由此可以推测出，后文应简单说明为什么这样开始比较好。C项“它将帮助你对项目有一个总体的概述。”符合文意，It指代“后者开始方式”。故选C项。8.【江苏省四所名校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中联考英语试题】WhyisArtsoPowerful?Perhapsthesimplestanswertothisquestionisthatarttouchesusemotionally.Artispowerfulbecauseitcanpotentiallyinfluenceourculture,politics,andeventheeconomy.Whenweseeapowerfulworkofart,youfeelittouchingdeepwithinyourcore,givingusthepowertomakereal-lifechanges.Ithasthepowertoeducatepeopleaboutalmostanything.____16____Duringthepandemic,s