2024-2025学年外研社版高三（上）英语寒假作业（八）

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年外研社版高三（上）英语寒假作业（八）一．选择题（共5小题）1．（2020春•天心区校级月考）Thesetraditionalmedicineshadtheofeithercausingpeopletobleedorhaveaseverestomachupset．（）A．trial B．professional C．survival D．potential2．（2018秋•福田区校级期中）Earningmoneybycollectingrentfromtenants（房客）iseasyandhappy，butthat'snot________westudyfor．（）A．what B．whom C．why D．when3．—Whenchoosingbooks，youonlyfocusonpricewhileIthinkmoreaboutthecontent.—Thatis_____wediffer.（）A．which B．where C．when D．whether4．Thedisadvantageofthepopularityofcarsis________itbringsaboutsomuchairpollution.（）A．that B．what C．\ D．which5．ThereasonJohnnygaveforbeinglatewasheforgottousethealarmclock.（）A．which；because B．why；because C．which；that D．that；because二．完形填空（共1小题）6．（2024•商洛模拟）IbelieveIhaveapersonalresponsibilitytohaveapositiveinfluenceonsocietyandI'vetriedtoachievethisgoalbychoosingtobeadoctorandascientist.Ihave（1）principlesthatguidemylife.Ithinkaboutthemeverydayandhave（2）themallmyprofessionallife.First，Iamalwayshungryfor（3）Iseekandlearneveryday：fromanexperimentinthelab，fromreadinga（n）（4）journal，fromtakingcareofa（5）.Becauseofthis，I（6）getbored.IhaveacceptedthatIwillneverknoworunderstandasmuchasIwant.Second，Ibelieveinworkingforexcellence.Iam（7）aboutthebigandsmallthings!Idonot（8）forthis.Thisisnotanxietywithouta（9）.Thisanxietycreatesa（10）tensionthatdrivesmetoreachmylimitedpotential.Thishasmademea（11）doctorandscientist.Withoutthistension，Iwouldn'tbeasfocused.Thisiswhatkeepsthesearchforknowledge（12）!Third，Ibelievethatasadoctormygoalistoreducethe（13）ofhumankind.WhenIchoseto（14）AIDSinthe1980s，manyofmycolleaguesthoughtIwasmisguidedtofocusallofmyattentiononwhatwas（15）considered"justagayman'sdisease".ButIknewdeepdownthatthiswasgoingtobecomeapublichealth（16）.Therefore，Ihavespentallofmyprofessional（17）inAIDSresearch，careofAIDSpatientsandpublichealthpolicy.IbelievethatImust（18）seekandlearn，accept（19）shortofexcellenceifIwanttoputthisterriblediseaseunder（20）.（1）A．twoB．threeC．fourD．five（2）A．appealedtoB．arguedwithC．worriedaboutD．stuckto（3）A．foodB．knowledgeC．praiseD．profit（4）A．scientificB．entertainingC．ordinaryD．private（5）A．friendB．colleagueC．patientD．student（6）A．easilyB．frequentlyC．rarelyD．unnecessarily（7）A．anxiousB．curiousC．sorryD．careless（8）A．searchB．waitC．apologizeD．pay（9）A．costB．disadvantageC．guidelineD．purpose（10）A．terribleB．worseningC．healthyD．harmful（11）A．betterB．colderC．prouderD．kinder（12）A．annoyingB．excitingC．boringD．confusing（13）A．sufferingB．wasteC．happinessD．hunger（14）A．spreadB．studyC．getD．invent（15）A．occasionallyB．thenC．finallyD．late（16）A．agreementB．proofC．policyD．disaster（17）A．lifeB．incomeC．connectionD．development（18）A．successfullyB．half﹣heartedlyC．continuallyD．unwillingly（19）A．somethingB．nothingC．anythingD．everything（20）A．pressureB．attackC．guaranteeD．control三．阅读理解（共2小题）7．（2024•河西区校级模拟）IWastheDoughnutLadyInuniversityIhadapart﹣timejobatashopthatsolddoughnutsandcoffee.Situatedonablockwhereseveralbusesstopped，itservedthepeoplewhohadafewminutestowaitfortheirbus.Everyafternoonaroundfouro'clock，agroupofschoolchildrenwouldburstintotheshop，andbusinesswouldcometoastop.Adultswouldglancein，seethecrowdandpasson.ButIdidn'tmindifthechildrenwaitedfortheirbusinside.SometimesIwouldhandoutabusfarewhenaticketwentmissing﹣alwaysrepaidthenextday.OnsnowydaysIwouldgiveawaysomedoughnuts.Iwouldlockthedooratclosingtime，andwewaitedinthewarmshopuntiltheirbusfinallyarrived.Ienjoyedmyyoungfriends，butitneveroccurredtomethatIplayedanimportantroleintheirlives﹣untiloneafternoonwhenamancameandaskedifIwasthegirlworkingonweekdaysaroundfouro'clock.Heidentifiedhimselfasthefatheroftwoofmyfavorites."IwantyoutoknowIappreciatewhatyoudoformychildren.Iworryaboutthemtakingtwobusestogethome.Itmeansalotthattheycanwaithereandyoukeepaneyeonthem.Whentheyarewiththedoughnutlady，Iknowtheyaresafe."Itoldhimitwasn'tabigdeal，andthatIenjoyedthekids.SoIwastheDoughnutLady.Inotonlyreceivedatitle，butbecamealandmark.NowIthinkaboutallthepeoplewhokeepaneyeonmyownchildren.Theybecome，well，DoughnutLadies.Likethemenattheskatingrink，wholetmyboysringhome；Orthebusdriverwhodrovemydaughtertoherstopattheendoftherouteatnightbutwouldn'tleaveuntilIarrivedtopickherup；OrthatnicepoliceofficerwhotookpityonmyboyswalkinghomeintherainwhenIwasatwork﹣eventhoughthephonerangallthenextdaywithcallsfromcuriousneighbors."WasthatapolicecarIsawatyourhouselastnight？"Thatwasn'tapolicecar.ThatwasaDoughnutLady.（1）Accordingtothepassage，theauthorsometimes.A．soldbusticketstothechildrenB．gavethechildrenfreedoughnutsC．didbusinesswiththechildren'shelpD．calledthechildren'sparentstopickthemup（2）Bysaying"…itwasn'tabigdeal（Para.4），"theauthormeantthat.A．shehadn'tdoneanythingsignificantB．shehadn'tspentmuchtimewiththechildrenC．shehadn'tmadealotofmoneyfromthechildrenD．shehadn'tfoundithardtogetalongwiththechildren（3）Whatcanwelearnaboutthepoliceofficer？A．Hetooktheboystothepolicestation.B．Hehelpedtheboyslookfortheirmother.C．Hedrovetheboysbackhomeinapolicecar.D．Hemanagedtomakesureoftheboys'identity.（4）Whydidtheneighborscallthenextday？A．Theycalledtocomfortthem.B．Theytriedtomakesuretheywerefine.C．Theywantedtoconfirmitwasreallyapolicecar.D．Theywonderedwhatthepolicebroughtthemonsucharainynight.（5）Thepassagesuggeststhat.A．runningabusinessrequiresskillB．takingresponsibilityisamoralvirtueC．devotionshouldbeeverythinginlifeD．therearealwaysnosmallactsofkindness.8．（2024秋•耒阳市校级期中）MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon，oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks，leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet，Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class，theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic".TheideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s，Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself，notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon，IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous，butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline，myshoelaces（鞋带）becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3，Ipassedasign："GOFORIT，RUNNERS！"Bymile17，Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain，Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21，Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23，Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact，Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself，moveforward，freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannowcallmyselfa"marathonwinner".（1）Amonthbeforethemarathon，theauthor.A．waswelltrainedB．feltscaredC．madeuphismindtorunD．losthope（2）WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear？A．Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B．Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C．Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D．Toshareapreciousmemory.（3）Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon？A．Hemadeit.B．Hequithalfway.C．Hegotthefirstprize.D．Hewalkedtotheend.（4）Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus？A．Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B．Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.四．其他阅读题型（共1小题）9．（2021秋•北辰区期中）WhenIwasakid，thethingIenjoyedmostaboutNewYear'sEvewastryingtostayawakeuntilmidnight.Myparentsdidn'tforcemetogotobedearly.However，IusuallyfellasleepbeforetheNewYeararrived.Itwasn'tuntilmy10thbirthdaythatIreachedthefinishlineandwasabletocheerwiththerestofthefamily.WhenIwokeupthenextmorning，mymomaskedmeifIwantedtomakeaNewYear'sresolution（决心要做的事）.IhadnoideawhataNewYear'sresolutionwas.Aftersheexplainedittome，IsaidIwouldtrytofightlesswithmyolderbrother.Thisgotmeasmileandapatontheheadfrommymom.Unfortunately，theresolutionlastedonlyuntildinnertime.ThereasonisthatmybrotherandIgotintoanargumentaboutwhowouldsetthetable.ANewYear'sresolutionisadecisiontodoornotdosomethinginorder﹣to﹣accomplish﹣apersonalgoalorbreakahabit.Itcomesatatimewhenpeoplelookbackatthepastyearandmakeanefforttoimprovethemselvesasthenewyearbegins.AdultsoftenmakeNewYear'sresolutionstoloseweightorexercisemore.Kidsmakeresolutionstogetalongbetterwithothersortodotheirhomeworkrightaway.RememberthatittakesworktokeepaNewYear'sresolution.Don'tworryifyoufailtomakeitonceortwice.Aslongasyoustaycommittedtowhatyouwanttoaccomplish，you'llbeproudofyourselfintheend.Andyou'llbeabetterpersonattheendoftheyearthanyouwereatthebeginning!（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph1probablymean？（nomorethan10words）（2）Whatwastheauthor'sresolutionat10？（nomorethan10words）（3）What'saNewYear'sresolution？（nomorethan20words）（4）Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout？（nomorethan10words）（5）What'syourNewYear'sresolution？Howdoyoukeepit？（nomorethan20words）五．书面表达（共1小题）10．（2023春•叙州区校级期末）全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题，请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，为节能减排献计献策。要点提示：1.全球变暖的原因和危害；2.应对措施；3.注意：1.词数80﹣100；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2024-2025学年外研社版高三（上）英语寒假作业（八）参考答案与试题解析题号12345答案DABAC一．选择题（共5小题）1．（2020春•天心区校级月考）Thesetraditionalmedicineshadtheofeithercausingpeopletobleedorhaveaseverestomachupset．（）A．trial B．professional C．survival D．potential【答案】D【分析】这些传统药物有可能导致人出血或严重胃部不适．【解答】本题考查名词辨析，A项意为"实验"；B项意为"专业人员"；C项意为"幸存"；D项意为"可能，潜能"，根据句意和各个选项含义可知答案．故选：D．【点评】本题考查名词辨析，考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配，并牢记其意思．在做题时，将词义和题干相结合，从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断，句意通顺，符合逻辑，即正确答案．2．（2018秋•福田区校级期中）Earningmoneybycollectingrentfromtenants（房客）iseasyandhappy，butthat'snot________westudyfor．（）A．what B．whom C．why D．when【答案】A【分析】通过向房客收取租金来挣钱既容易又快乐，但这不是我们学习的目的。【解答】根据句意和结构可知that's后面是表语从句，从句中for后面缺少宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故选：A。【点评】解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，得出答案。3．—Whenchoosingbooks，youonlyfocusonpricewhileIthinkmoreaboutthecontent.—Thatis_____wediffer.（）A．which B．where C．when D．whether【答案】B【分析】﹣﹣当选择书的时候，你只是集中在价格上而我更多地考虑内容。﹣﹣那就是我们所不同的地方。【解答】此处是表语从句，表示的是"不同的地方"，应用连接副词where引导，在从句中作地点状语。故选：B。【点评】考查表语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导表语从句及一些表语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。4．Thedisadvantageofthepopularityofcarsis________itbringsaboutsomuchairpollution.（）A．that B．what C．\ D．which【答案】A【分析】汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。【解答】分析句子可知，is后接表语从句"itbringsaboutsomuchairpollution."，从句句意完整，成分齐全，that引导表语从句，无实义，不作成分，仅起引导作用，因此用that引导表语从句。故选：A。【点评】考查表语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导表语从句及一些表语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。5．ThereasonJohnnygaveforbeinglatewasheforgottousethealarmclock.（）A．which；because B．why；because C．which；that D．that；because【答案】C【分析】约翰尼给出的迟到的理由是他忘了用闹钟。【解答】分析句子结构可知，第一个从句是限制性定语从句。所以第一个空为定语从句的引导词，先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少gave的宾语。应选that/which且可以省略；第二空为表语从句的引导词，当reason作主语时，其表语从句只能用that引导，切忌使用why或because。故选：C。【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用，关系代词that，which，whom，who，whose以及关系副词when，where等，没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开，表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。二．完形填空（共1小题）6．（2024•商洛模拟）IbelieveIhaveapersonalresponsibilitytohaveapositiveinfluenceonsocietyandI'vetriedtoachievethisgoalbychoosingtobeadoctorandascientist.Ihave（1）Bprinciplesthatguidemylife.Ithinkaboutthemeverydayandhave（2）Dthemallmyprofessionallife.First，Iamalwayshungryfor（3）BIseekandlearneveryday：fromanexperimentinthelab，fromreadinga（n）（4）Ajournal，fromtakingcareofa（5）C.Becauseofthis，I（6）Cgetbored.IhaveacceptedthatIwillneverknoworunderstandasmuchasIwant.Second，Ibelieveinworkingforexcellence.Iam（7）Aaboutthebigandsmallthings!Idonot（8）Cforthis.Thisisnotanxietywithouta（9）D.Thisanxietycreatesa（10）Ctensionthatdrivesmetoreachmylimitedpotential.Thishasmademea（11）Adoctorandscientist.Withoutthistension，Iwouldn'tbeasfocused.Thisiswhatkeepsthesearchforknowledge（12）B!Third，Ibelievethatasadoctormygoalistoreducethe（13）Aofhumankind.WhenIchoseto（14）BAIDSinthe1980s，manyofmycolleaguesthoughtIwasmisguidedtofocusallofmyattentiononwhatwas（15）Bconsidered"justagayman'sdisease".ButIknewdeepdownthatthiswasgoingtobecomeapublichealth（16）D.Therefore，Ihavespentallofmyprofessional（17）AinAIDSresearch，careofAIDSpatientsandpublichealthpolicy.IbelievethatImust（18）Cseekandlearn，accept（19）BshortofexcellenceifIwanttoputthisterriblediseaseunder（20）D.（1）A．twoB．threeC．fourD．five（2）A．appealedtoB．arguedwithC．worriedaboutD．stuckto（3）A．foodB．knowledgeC．praiseD．profit（4）A．scientificB．entertainingC．ordinaryD．private（5）A．friendB．colleagueC．patientD．student（6）A．easilyB．frequentlyC．rarelyD．unnecessarily（7）A．anxiousB．curiousC．sorryD．careless（8）A．searchB．waitC．apologizeD．pay（9）A．costB．disadvantageC．guidelineD．purpose（10）A．terribleB．worseningC．healthyD．harmful（11）A．betterB．colderC．prouderD．kinder（12）A．annoyingB．excitingC．boringD．confusing（13）A．sufferingB．wasteC．happinessD．hunger（14）A．spreadB．studyC．getD．invent（15）A．occasionallyB．thenC．finallyD．late（16）A．agreementB．proofC．policyD．disaster（17）A．lifeB．incomeC．connectionD．development（18）A．successfullyB．half﹣heartedlyC．continuallyD．unwillingly（19）A．somethingB．nothingC．anythingD．everything（20）A．pressureB．attackC．guaranteeD．control【答案】（1）﹣（5）BDBAC（6）﹣（10）CACDC（11）﹣（15）ABABB（16）﹣（20）DACBD【分析】本文是一篇演讲词。美国流行病专家福奇是一位传奇式人物：他淡泊名利、追求真知与卓越。他最早意识到艾滋病迟早会成为公共卫生灾难，并顶着压力一生致力于该病的防治。【解答】（1）B.考查数词及语境理解。A.two两个；B.three三个；C.four四个；D.five五个。句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活。根据下文First，Iamalwayshungryfor渴求真知、追求卓越及救死扶伤可知，作者一生坚持三大原则。故选B。（2）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。Aappealedto吸引，呼吁；B.arguedwith争论；C.worriedabout担忧；D.stuckto坚持。句意：我每天都记着它们，并在我的职业生涯中一直坚持着。根据前文IbelieveIhaveapersonalresponsibilitytohaveapositiveinfluenceonsocietyandI'vetriedtoachievethisgoalbychoosingtobeadoctorandascientist可知，作者一生都"坚持"三大原则。故选D。（3）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.food食物；B.knowledge知识；C.praise表扬；D.profit盈利。句意：首先，我总是渴望每天寻求和学习的知识。从后文的"Iseekandlearneveryday：fromanexperimentinthelab，fromreading"可知，我从实验和阅读中学到的是"知识"。故选B。（4）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.scientific科学的；B.entertaining有趣的，令人愉快的；C.ordinary普通的；D.private私人的。句意：首先，我总是渴望每天寻求和学习的知识：从实验室的实验中，从阅读科学杂志中，从照顾病人中。从"IamalwayshungryforknowledgeIseekandlearneveryday"可知，为了获得知识，坚持阅读科学（scientific）杂志。故选A。（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.friend朋友；B.colleague同事；C.patient病人；D.student学生。句意：首先，我总是渴望每天寻求和学习的知识：从实验室的实验中，从阅读科学杂志中，从照顾病人中。从上文"I'vetriedtoachievethisgoalbychoosingtobeadoctorandascientist."可知，作者是一名医生，照顾的是"病人"。故选C。（6）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.easily容易地；B.frequently频繁地；C.rarely很少地；D.unnecessarily没有必要地。句意：正因为如此，我很少会觉得无聊。从前文First，IamalwayshungryforIseekandlearneveryday可知，作者对知识孜孜以求，所以他很少（rarely）感到疲倦。故选C。（7）A.考查形容词词义辨析。A.anxious焦虑的；B.curious好奇的；C.sorry遗憾的，抱歉的；D.careless粗心的。句意：我为大大小小的事情焦虑!根据下文"Thisanxietycreatesatensionthatdrivesmetoreachmylimitedpotential."的anxiety（焦虑）可知，此空选其形容词anxious，故选A。（8）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.search搜寻，查找；B.wait等待；C.apologize道歉；D.pay支付。句意：我不会为此道歉。根据下文Thisanxietycreatesatensionthatdrivesmetoreachmylimitedpotential可知，焦虑带来的紧张感，让作者能够集中精力，并不是什么坏事，他不觉得有什么不对。故选C。（9）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.cost花费；B.disadvantage不利，缺点；C.guideline指导方针；D.purpose目的。句意：这不是没有目的的焦虑。此处表示这种忧虑是有目的（purpose）的，是能够让作者目标明确的，故选D。（10）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.terrible糟糕的，严重的；B.worsening恶化的；C.healthy健康的；D.harmful有害的。句意：这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张感，驱使我发挥自己有限的潜力。根据下文thatdrivesmetoreachmylimitedpotential（驱使我发挥自己有限的潜力）可知，这种紧张感是有利的，要选一个积极意义的形容词，故选C。（11）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.colder更冷漠的；C.prouder更骄傲的；D.kinder更友好的。句意：这让我成为了一名更好的医生和科学家。从"Ibelieveinworkingforexcellence.（追求卓越）"可知，这种焦虑让作者变得更好，更优秀。故选A。（12）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoying令人恼的；B.exciting令人兴奋的：C.boring令人烦恼的；D.confusing令人困感的。句意：这就是保持对知识的探索令人兴奋的原因!从上文"Withoutthistension，Iwouldn'tbeasfocused.（没有这种紧张，我就不会如此专注。）"可知，坚持对知识的探索，尽管会让人焦虑紧张，却能让人专注，让人变得更优秀，要选一个积极意义的形容词，故选B。（13）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.suffering痛苦；B.waste浪费；C.happiness快乐，幸福；D.hunger饥饿。句意：第三，我认为作为一名医生，我的目标是减少人类的痛苦。医生的职责自然是减轻病人的"痛苦"，故选A。（14）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.spread传播；B.study研究；C.get获得；D.invent发明。句意：当我在20世纪80年代选择研究艾滋病时，我的许多同事认为我被误导了，把我所有的注意力都集中在当时被认为"只是一种同性恋疾病"上。从下文"IhavespentallofmyprofessionalinAIDSresearch"可知，作者致力于"研究""艾滋病，故选B。（15）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.occasionally偶尔；B.then当时，那时；C.finally最后；D.late迟到。句意：当我在20世纪80年代选择研究艾滋病时，我的许多同事认为我被误导了，把我所有的注意力都集中在当时被认为"只是一种同性恋疾病"上。此处表示在"在20世纪80年代"，艾滋病被当作是"只是种同性恋疾病"，指"那时候，当时"，故选B。（16）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.agreement协议，达成致；B.proof证据；C.policy政策；D.disaster灾难。句意：但我内心深处知道这将成为一场公共健康灾难。此处指的是被只当做同性恋疾病的艾滋病将会在很多人中传播，成为种公共疾病，所以被称为公共健康灾难，故选D。（17）A.考查名词及语境理解。Alife生活，人生，生涯；B.income收入；C.connection联系；D.development发展。句意：因此，我把我所有的职业生涯都花在了艾滋病研究、艾滋病患者护理和公共卫生政策上。作者是一名医生和科学家，一生致力于艾滋病的研究，故选A。（18）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.successfully成功地；B.half﹣heartedly三心二意地；C.continually不断地；D.unwillingly不愿意地。句意：我相信，如果我想控制住这种可怕的疾病，我必须不断地寻求和学习，绝不接受任何不卓越的东西。作者一生坚持的三个原则之一就是渴求真知，所以他一直坚持学习。故选C。（19）B.考查代词及语境理解。A.something某事，某物；B.nothing没有任何东西；C.anything任何东西；D.everything一切。句意：我相信，如果我想控制住这种可怕的疾病，我必须不断地寻求和学习，绝不接受任何不卓越的东西。作者一生追求卓越，所以不优秀的东西是不接受的，故选B。（20）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.pressure压力；B.attack攻击；C.guarantee保证；D.control控制。句意：我相信，如果我想控制住这种可怕的疾病，我必须不断地寻求和学习，绝不接受任何不卓越的东西。作者一生致力于艾滋病的研究，就是为了把这种疾病"控制"住，故选D。【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。三．阅读理解（共2小题）7．（2024•河西区校级模拟）IWastheDoughnutLadyInuniversityIhadapart﹣timejobatashopthatsolddoughnutsandcoffee.Situatedonablockwhereseveralbusesstopped，itservedthepeoplewhohadafewminutestowaitfortheirbus.Everyafternoonaroundfouro'clock，agroupofschoolchildrenwouldburstintotheshop，andbusinesswouldcometoastop.Adultswouldglancein，seethecrowdandpasson.ButIdidn'tmindifthechildrenwaitedfortheirbusinside.SometimesIwouldhandoutabusfarewhenaticketwentmissing﹣alwaysrepaidthenextday.OnsnowydaysIwouldgiveawaysomedoughnuts.Iwouldlockthedooratclosingtime，andwewaitedinthewarmshopuntiltheirbusfinallyarrived.Ienjoyedmyyoungfriends，butitneveroccurredtomethatIplayedanimportantroleintheirlives﹣untiloneafternoonwhenamancameandaskedifIwasthegirlworkingonweekdaysaroundfouro'clock.Heidentifiedhimselfasthefatheroftwoofmyfavorites."IwantyoutoknowIappreciatewhatyoudoformychildren.Iworryaboutthemtakingtwobusestogethome.Itmeansalotthattheycanwaithereandyoukeepaneyeonthem.Whentheyarewiththedoughnutlady，Iknowtheyaresafe."Itoldhimitwasn'tabigdeal，andthatIenjoyedthekids.SoIwastheDoughnutLady.Inotonlyreceivedatitle，butbecamealandmark.NowIthinkaboutallthepeoplewhokeepaneyeonmyownchildren.Theybecome，well，DoughnutLadies.Likethemenattheskatingrink，wholetmyboysringhome；Orthebusdriverwhodrovemydaughtertoherstopattheendoftherouteatnightbutwouldn'tleaveuntilIarrivedtopickherup；OrthatnicepoliceofficerwhotookpityonmyboyswalkinghomeintherainwhenIwasatwork﹣eventhoughthephonerangallthenextdaywithcallsfromcuriousneighbors."WasthatapolicecarIsawatyourhouselastnight？"Thatwasn'tapolicecar.ThatwasaDoughnutLady.（1）Accordingtothepassage，theauthorsometimesB.A．soldbusticketstothechildrenB．gavethechildrenfreedoughnutsC．didbusinesswiththechildren'shelpD．calledthechildren'sparentstopickthemup（2）Bysaying"…itwasn'tabigdeal（Para.4），"theauthormeantthatA.A．shehadn'tdoneanythingsignificantB．shehadn'tspentmuchtimewiththechildrenC．shehadn'tmadealotofmoneyfromthechildrenD．shehadn'tfoundithardtogetalongwiththechildren（3）Whatcanwelearnaboutthepoliceofficer？CA．Hetooktheboystothepolicestation.B．Hehelpedtheboyslookfortheirmother.C．Hedrovetheboysbackhomeinapolicecar.D．Hemanagedtomakesureoftheboys'identity.（4）Whydidtheneighborscallthenextday？CA．Theycalledtocomfortthem.B．Theytriedtomakesuretheywerefine.C．Theywantedtoconfirmitwasreallyapolicecar.D．Theywonderedwhatthepolicebroughtthemonsucharainynight.（5）ThepassagesuggeststhatD.A．runningabusinessrequiresskillB．takingresponsibilityisamoralvirtueC．devotionshouldbeeverythinginlifeD．therearealwaysnosmallactsofkindness.【答案】BACCD【分析】善良无小事，爱心可以传递，文章通过讲一个女士的善心之举引发对善意传递的讨论。【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据原文第二段"OnsnowydaysIwouldgiveawaysomedoughnuts．在下雪天，我会赠送一些甜甜圈。"可知作者有时候给孩子免费的甜甜圈。B.gavethechildrenfreedoughnuts（给孩子们免费的甜甜圈）正确。故选B.（2）A.推理判断题。根据句原文第三段"Itmeansalotthattheycanwaithereandyoukeepaneyeonthem．Whentheyarewiththedoughnutlady，Iknowtheyaresafe．他们能在这里等而你帮我看着他们，这对我很重要。"以及第三段的"Itoldhimitwasn'tabigdeal，andthatIenjoyedthekids.我跟他说没什么大不了的，我很喜欢孩子们"可知，那两个孩子的父亲很感激甜甜圈女士帮忙看着他的孩子，而作者认为这没什么大不了的事。A.shehadn'tdoneanythingsignificant（她没做什么大不了的事情）正确。故选A.（3）C.推理判断题。倒数第二段句"OrthatnicepoliceofficerwhotookpityonmyboyswalkinghomeintherainwhenIwasatwork或者好警官怜悯我因为要工作而我的男孩们在雨中走回家而载他们一程。"当我在可知，是警察把作者雨中的孩子送回家。C.Hedrovetheboysbackhomeinapolicecar.（他开着警车送孩子们回家。）正确。故选C.（4）C.推理判断题。根据原文倒数第二段eventhoughthephonerangallthenextdaywithcallsfromcuriousneighbors."WasthatapolicecarIsawatyourhouselastnight？"（尽管第二天好奇的邻居们打来电话，昨晚我在你家看到的是一辆警车吗？"）可知他们是在确认是否有警车在她门口。C.Theywantedtoconfirmitwasreallyapolicecar.（他们想确认那真的是一辆警车。）正确。故选C.（5）D.主旨大意题。短文主要讲了作者在打工时对四点放学的孩子的照顾，得到其家长的感谢，后来作者有了自己的小孩，同样也得到其他人的照顾，可以得出这篇短文要告诉我们善举总是对人有很大的影响的。D.therearealwaysnosmallactsofkindness（善举永远不分大小）正确。故选D.【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。8．（2024秋•耒阳市校级期中）MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon，oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks，leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet，Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class，theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic".TheideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s，Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself，notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon，IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous，butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline，myshoelaces（鞋带）becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3，Ipassedasign："GOFORIT，RUNNERS！"Bymile17，Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain，Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21，Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23，Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact，Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself，moveforward，freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannowcallmyselfa"marathonwinner".（1）Amonthbeforethemarathon，theauthorC.A．waswelltrainedB．feltscaredC．madeuphismindtorunD．losthope（2）WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear？CA．Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B．Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C．Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D．Toshareapreciousmemory.（3）Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon？AA．Hemadeit.B．Hequithalfway.C．Hegotthefirstprize.D．Hewalkedtotheend.（4）Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus？BA．Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B．Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】本文是记叙文。文章记叙了作者第一次马拉松之前，脚踝受伤，但坚持跑马拉松的事。【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Yet，Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.（然而，我决定继续跑前进）"可知，作者脚踝受伤后，决定跑马拉松。故选C。（2）C．推理判断题。根据第二段"Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class，theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic"."（我记得我上七年级时，在我的第一堂体育课上，老师要求我们跑圈和打垒球。我也做的不好。他后来告诉我"我不擅长"体育"）"可推断出，作者引用他七年级的经历来证明他当时不擅长体育。故选C。（3）A．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!（我是最后一批跑完全程的人之一。但是我完成了）"可知，作者最后凭着坚强的毅力跑完了第一次马拉松比赛。故选A。（4）B．主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Determinedtobemyself，moveforward，freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannowcallmyselfa"marathonwinner".（我决心做我自己，不断向前，摆脱耻辱和世俗的标签，我现在可以称自己为"马拉松冠军"）"可知，作者通过自己的马拉松经历，即自己虽受伤但仍坚持跑完马拉松，因此推断这件事告诉我们一个成功者是一个有巨大决心的人。故选B。【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。四．其他阅读题型（共1小题）9．（2021秋•北辰区期中）WhenIwasakid，thethingIenjoyedmostaboutNewYear'sEvewastryingtostayawakeuntilmidnight.Myparentsdidn'tforcemetogotobedearly.However，IusuallyfellasleepbeforetheNewYeararrived.Itwasn'tuntilmy10thbirthdaythatIreachedthefinishlineandwasabletocheerwiththerestofthefamily.WhenIwokeupthenextmorning，mymomaskedmeifIwantedtomakeaNewYear'sresolution（决心要做的事）.IhadnoideawhataNewYear'sresolutionwas.Aftersheexplainedittome，IsaidIwouldtrytofightlesswithmyolderbrother.Thisgotmeasmileandapatontheheadfrommymom.Unfortunately，theresolutionlastedonlyuntildinnertime.Thereason