2024-2025学年外研社版高一（上）英语寒假作业（一）

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年外研社版高一（上）英语寒假作业（一）一．完形填空（共1小题）1．Apastor（牧师）hadakittenthatclimbedupatreeinhisbackyardandthenwasafraidtocomedown.He（1）warmmilk，andevenasmallfish.Butthekittenwouldn'tcomedown.Thetreewasnot（2）enoughtoclimb，sothepastordecidedtotiearopetohis（3）andpullituntilthetreebentdownsothathecouldthen（4）andgetthekitten.That'swhathedid，allthewhilecheckinghis（5）inthecar.Hethenfiguredifhewentjustalittlebit（6），thetreewouldbebentlowenoughforhimtoreachthekitten.Butashe（7）thecaralittlefurtherforward，theropebroke.The（8）went"boing"andthekitteninstantlysailedthroughtheair﹣outof（9）.Thepastorfeltterrible.Hewalkedalloverthe（10）askingpeopleifthey'dseenalittlekitten.（11）hadseenastray（迷途的）kitten.Hemetoneofhischurch（12）atthegrocerystoreafewdayslater.He（13）tolookintohershoppingcartandwas（14）toseecatfood.Thiswomanwasacat（15），soheaskedherwhyshewasbuyingcatfood."Youwon't（16）this，"shereplied，andthentoldhimhowherlittlegirlhadbeenbeggingherforacat，butshekept（17）.Thenafewdaysbefore，thechildhadbeggedagain，so（18）theMomtoldherlittlegirl，"Well，if（19）givesyouacat，I'llletyoukeepit."Shetoldthepastor，"Iwatchedmychildgooutintheyard，getonher（20），andpray.Andreally，Pastor，Isawitwithmyowneyes.Akittensuddenlycameflyingoutofthebluesky，withitspaws（爪子）outspread，andlandedrightinfrontofher."（1）A．reservedB．madeC．offeredD．collected（2）A．strongB．tallC．easyD．tight（3）A．kittenB．carC．bodyD．church（4）A．comeupB．jumpupC．lookupD．reachup（5）A．progressB．patienceC．strengthD．competence（6）A．fasterB．furtherC．firmerD．closer（7）A．backedB．orderedC．movedD．pushed（8）A．treeB．pastorC．ropeD．fish（9）A．mindB．placeC．controlD．sight（10）A．backyardB．neighborhoodC．countryD．city（11）A．EverybodyB．SomebodyC．AnybodyD．Nobody（12）A．workersB．assistantsC．membersD．performers（13）A．seemedB．happenedC．pretendedD．begged（14）A．amazedB．embarrassedC．pleasedD．sorry（15）A．catcherB．ownerC．haterD．seller（16）A．inventB．loveC．believeD．mean（17）A．refusingB．beggingC．prayingD．explaining（18）A．actuallyB．finallyC．calmlyD．gratefully（19）A．thepastorB．someoneC．DadD．God（20）A．armsB．kneesC．handsD．feet二．阅读理解（共3小题）2．（2021秋•尧都区校级期末）Manyanimalsneedtomoveacrosslargedistances.Oftentheydothisaspartoftheirnaturalmigration（迁徙）.Sometimesanimalsneedtomovetoanewareawhenfoodgetsloworconditionsgetworse.However，humanshavetakenoverhugeareasoftheplanet.Roadsandhighwayscutuptheremainingnaturalareasintomanysmallsections，makingitdangerousforanimalstomove.Manypeopleareworkingtohelpanimalsbycreating"wildlifecorridors（走廊）"，tryingtoreconnectsmallernaturalareassothatanimalscanmoveoverlargerareas.Oneimportantstepincreatingthesecorridorsisbuildingwildlifebridgesandtunnelstogiveanimalsawaytosafelycrossdangerousroads.Thesechangesdon'tjusthelpanimals，buttheyalsosavehumanlivesbyavoidingaccidents.OnChina'sHainanIsland，scientistscreatedabridgeforgibbons，ananimalthatlivesinsouthernAsia.Butin2014，naturalaccidentscausedhugegapsintheforest，forcingthemtomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapbridge，whichsolvedtheproblem.In2018，theexpertsinUtah，Americabuiltawildlifebridgeoverthebusyhighway.A4.8﹣kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.Normally，animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges，soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.However，totheirsurprise，manydifferentkindsofanimalshavealreadyusedthebridge.Nowpeopleinothercountriesarelookingtotrysimilarideas.InBrazil，scientistswanttocreatebridgestohelpanimalscrossthehundredsofmilesofhighwaythatcutsthroughtheAmazonrainforest.InUttarakhand，India，aneco﹣bridgemadefromall﹣naturalmaterialshasbeenbuilt.Thoughit'shighinthetrees，it'sexpectedtohelpsmalleranimalsonthegroundbyremindingdriversthatthey'reinanimportantnaturalareawithlotsofwildlife.Already，thebridgehasgotalotofattention，withmanypeopletakingselfies（自拍照）infrontofit.（1）Whyarethewildlifecorridorscreated？A．Toavoidtheattackfromanimals.B．Toofferawaytoprotectanimals.C．Toimproveanimals'livingconditions.D．Tobringmoreconveniencetohumans.（2）HowdoesthebridgeinUtahsurprisetheexperts？A．Animalsneednoguidetoit.B．Animalstakemoretimetocrossit.C．Ithasmadethetrafficdangerous.D．Itisusedbymanyanimalssooner.（3）Whatdoweknowabouttheeco﹣bridgeinIndia？A．Ithasbecomeahitfortourists.B．Itismadeofman﹣madematerials.C．Itactsasareminderforthehunter.D．Itservesasasignofanaturalarea.（4）Howisthetextmainlydeveloped？A．Bymakingacomparison.B．Bylistingsomeexamples.C．Byshowingcausesandeffects.D．Byfollowingtheorderoftime.3．Crimeshappeneveryday，butpeoplearen'ttheonlyvictimsofillegalactivities.Therearealsoanimals.Thoughanimalscan'ttellthepoliceofficerswhatthey'vesuffered，thesearesomeofthehardestcasestosolve.Asweallknow，poacherscanmakealotofmoneybysellingmeat，furandotherpartsofprotectedanimals.Astheanimalsbecomerarer，theirpartsbecomemorevaluable.Sopoachersearnevengreaterrewardsfortheircollectionofprotectedspecies.Inthepastfewyears，thepriceofivoryhasrisentoabout＄850perkg.Anivorycansometimesweigh11kgormore.Now，scientistsarefightingback.ItisknownthatDNAplaysabigpartinsolvinghumancrimes.Likefingerprints，DNAisuniquetoeveryperson.SobyexaminingDNAinbloodorhair，thepolicecanrecognizecriminalsandvictims.Whenthepolicefindpoachedanimalparts，suchastheirfurorbones，itisdifficulttoknowwhatspeciesthevictimsare，whichismostlycaredabout.DNAcanprovehelpfulinfiguringitoutandalsowheretheanimalscamefrom.That'sbecausemembersofonelocalgroupofanimalssharemoreDNAincommonwitheachotherthantheydowithmoredistantgroupsoftheirspecies.Iftheworld'spoachingvictimscouldtalk，theywouldprobablythankthesescientistsfortheirwork.（1）Theauthorusestheexampleofivorytoshowthat.A．ivoryisthemostexpensivepartofanelephantB．poachingisaverycommonactivityintheworldC．poachersalwaystreattheprotectedanimalscruellyD．poachersmakealargeprofitfromtheirillegalactivities（2）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthescientists'work？A．Critical.B．Doubtful.C．Uninterested.D．Appreciative.（3）Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout.A．howtoexamineDNAofananimalB．whyDNAisuniquetoeverypersonC．theimprovementofDNAtechniqueD．howDNAtechniquehelpsthepolice（4）Whenthepolicefindpoachedanimalparts，thefirstthingtheywanttoknowis.A．whokilledtheanimalsB．whenthecrimehappenedC．whatspeciestheybelongtoD．wheretheanimalscomefrom4．Americanswearblackformourning（哀悼）whileChinesewearwhite.Westernersthinkofdragonsasmonsters.ChinesehonorthemassymbolsofGod.Chinesecivilizationhasoftenshownsuchpolarities（对立）withtheWest，asthougheachstandsatextremeendsofaglobalstring.NowintheUniversityofCalifornia，Berkeley，apsychologist，hasdiscovereddeeperpolaritiesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures—polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwereasonanddiscovertruth.HisfindingsgofartowardexplainingwhyAmericanculturesseemtobeaggressiveandChineseculturessopassive，whencomparedtoeachother.Moreimportantly，theresearchopensthewayforthepeoplesoftheEastandtheWesttolearnfromeachotherinbasicways.TheChinesecouldlearnmuchfromWesternmethodsfordeterminingscientifictruth，saidKaipingPeng，aformerBeijingScholar，whoisnowaUCBerkeleyassistantprofessorofpsychology.AndAmericanscouldprofitenormouslyfromtheChinesetoleranceforacceptingcontradictionsinsocialandpersonallife，hesaid."Americanshaveaterribleneedtofindoutwhoisrightinanargument，"saidPeng."Theproblemisthatattheinterpersonallevelyoureallydon'tneedtofindthetruth，ormaybethereisn'tany.""Chinesepeople，"saidPeng，"arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages，becausetheyhaveawholeawarenessthatlifeisfullofcontradictions.""TheydofarlessblamingoftheindividualthanAmericansdo."headded.Instudiesofinterpersonalargument，forexample，whensubjectswereaskedtodealwithcontradictoryinformationresultingfromconflictbetweenamotherandadaughterorastudentandaschool，PengfoundthatAmericanswere"non﹣compromising（折中），blamingoneside—usuallythemother—forthecausesoftheproblems，demandingchangesfromonesidetoattainasolutionandofferingnocompromise"indealingwiththeconflict.Comparedtothisangry，blamingAmericanmethod，theChinesewereparagons（模范）ofcompromise，findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.（1）InParagraph1，theauthorsetsexamplesinorderto.A．exposethecontradictionbetweenChineseandAmericansB．showthedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandAmericancultureC．findthereasonforthedifferencesD．generalizethemainideaofthepassage（2）IntheopinionofPeng，comparedwithAmericans，Chineseare.A．likelytofindthetruthinlifeB．unwillingtoadmittheirownfailureC．unwillingtohaveageneralideaofthingsD．likelytoknowadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthings（3）Thestudiesshow.A．anAmericantreatshisorhermotherbadlyB．differentideasoftreatingtheagedC．differentpersonalityofChineseandAmericansD．differenthobbiesofAmericansandChinese（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．PolaritiesbetweenAmericanandChinesecultures.B．Extremeendsofthestring.C．Differentattitudestowardstheaged.D．Differentmannersinsocialoccasions.三．信息匹配（共1小题）5．（2022•南京模拟）Inthewild，italldependsonyouwithyoursurvivalknowledgeandequipmenttolife.（1）Youmustbefamiliarwiththeuseofequipment.Theweightoftheequipmentshouldbenomorethan20kg.Herearesomenecessitiesthatareadvisedtotake.You'dbettertakeacompass.Itisnotheavy.Itisentitledtoaplaceinyourequipment.Theuseofthecompassisthemosteffective.SomepeoplemaysayGPSisverypopularnow.（2）Incold，hot，wetandotherbadconditions，suchasabout10degreesbelowzerointhenortheast，GPSuses30%moreelectricitythanroomtemperature.Besidesthat，Iwilltalkabouttheroleoffire.Fireplaysanimportantrolenotonlyincookingfood，butalsoinhelpingusresistthecold.（3）Theordinaryplasticlighterssoldonthestreetareactuallygood，lightweightandeasytouse.（4）Atleastitisabout1.5meterslongand30﹣50cmwide.Puttingascarfaroundyourneckcanpreventsunburnbysunshine，canmakeitasimplesunhat，marchinginbrightlight，desert.Youcanalsomakenetsandcatchfishandshrimp，birdsandinsectsinthewild.Nomatterhowhigh﹣endyouroutdoorclothingis，youstillneedtotakearaincoat.Choosingasuitableraincoatisveryimportant.Theseparationkindofraincoatismoreconvenient.Theraincoatdoesn'tjustprotectyoufromtherain.（5）Ifthesurvivalofthewildiscomparedtoabuilding，thenthestrongwillisthefoundation，thesurvivalknowledgeisthewall，thepropertrainingistheroof，theequipmentisjusttomakeyouliveinmorecomfortabledecoration.A.First，onebetteroptionistotakeGPS.B.Thesurvivalscarfinthewildisouressentialsurvivaltool.C.Goodequipmentcanletyouhaveamorecomfortableexperience.D.Bicycleraincoatcancoveryourbagbutyoucan'tstretchoutyourhand.E.However，themorecomplexthingsare，themorelikelytheyaretogowrong.F.Inordertoletyouenjoybettertreatmentinthewild，youhavetotakealighter.G.Itcanalsobeusedastentsandwaterproofmatstokeepyouwarmandgetwaterforyou.四．语法填空（共1小题）6．Notsoverylongago，peoplecontactedtheirfriendsfarawayonlybywritingletters.With（1）developmentoftechnology，peoplekeep（2）touchwiththeirfriendswithsocialmediatoolsnowadays.Theyfindtheirfriendswiththesame（3）（interest）andmaintaintheirfriendship，eventhoughtheyliveindifferentcountries.However，thereisonedisadvantageofmakingfriendsonline.Peopletend（4）（post）onlygoodthingstomakethemappearhappyand（5）（friend）.Infact，wecan't（6）（exact）knowwhothepersonontheInternetis.Thepersononlinemayactasanyone（7）helikestobe.Althoughtechnology（8）（change）thewayofmakingfriendsand（9）（maintain）friendship，themeaningoffriendshipand（10）（we）longingforfriendsremainthesame.Noonecanlivewithoutafriend.五．词性转换（共5小题）7．ThoughIwastoldtoperform（calm）beforetheinterview，hisquestionsmademefeelnervous.8．Theannoyingthingabouttheplanisthatitisvery（confuse）.9．Thistoywillhelpchildrenwiththeir（create）.10．Atourmeetingweheardtwo（oppose）opinions.11．（alarm）bythenoise，thebirdsflewaway.六．词汇应用（共1小题）12．losetrackof；communicatewith；keep...inmind；upto；throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater；stayintouchwith；longfor；thanksto（1）Whereveryouare，youshouldalwaysthatyouareaChinese.（2）Idon'tknowhowtostrangers.（3）Inmyopinion，heisnotreallythejob.（4）himIbegantolovemycareer.（5）Freedomisperhapswhatweall.（6）TheInternetenablesustotheouterworld.（7）Weusedtobefriends，buteachotherafterwards.（8）Hisplanisnotreasonable，butweshouldn'tbecausetheplanisstillgoodinpart.七．书面表达（共1小题）13．（2022•襄城区校级模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIlivedinPortland，Oregon，ItaughtEnglishasaSecondLanguageatalocalcommunitycollege.IhadadultstudentsinmyclassfromVietnam，Mexico，Russiaandmanyothercountries.Althoughtheycamefrommanylands，fightingforabetterlifeinAmerica，theyhadonethingincommon：adesperateyearning（渴望）tolearnEnglishwell.Manyofthestudentsworkedinafactoryfortwelvehoursthroughoutthenightandhurriedlytookabusinthemorningstraighttoour8：00A.M.class.Theyattendedmyclassontimewhatevertheweather.SometimesIwouldseethemstrugglingtokeeptheireyesopeninthebeginning.However，theiractiveparticipationinclassdroveawaytheirphysicaltirednessaswellasliveneduptheatmosphere.IstillrememberthedaywhenItaughtasimpledialoguecalled"ShoppingforaNewCoat".Toteachthecourse，Iaskedseveralstudentstorole﹣playthedialogue.AlexanderfromHungary，oneofthemosthardworkingmembersoftheclass，volunteeredtostandupandactitout.Hardashetried，hestillmadelotsofmistakes.However，Ipraisedhim.Afterclass，hehurriedtomeandraisedabunchofquestionsbygesture.Iwasnotquitesureabouthisquestions，soIexplainedthekeypointsagain.Afterthat，henoddedandstuttered，"Thankyou，Mrs.Green!Yourencouragementreallymademyday!"Actually，itwashimwhomademyday.SometimesIwonderedifIwasreallyteachingmystudentsinthebestwaypossible.ButIgavemyalltothisclass，andtheygavetheiralltome.Ifnothingelse，theywouldalwaysrememberwhattosayiftheyeverwent"shoppingforanewcoat".Soon，thelanguagecoursecametoanend.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Onthelastdayofclass，theythrewawonderfulpartythatwasfilledwithgoodfoodandlaughter.____Iliftedfromtheboxabeautiful，new，full﹣lengthcoat._____________

2024-2025学年外研社版高一（上）英语寒假作业（一）参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．Apastor（牧师）hadakittenthatclimbedupatreeinhisbackyardandthenwasafraidtocomedown.He（1）Cwarmmilk，andevenasmallfish.Butthekittenwouldn'tcomedown.Thetreewasnot（2）Aenoughtoclimb，sothepastordecidedtotiearopetohis（3）Bandpullituntilthetreebentdownsothathecouldthen（4）Dandgetthekitten.That'swhathedid，allthewhilecheckinghis（5）Ainthecar.Hethenfiguredifhewentjustalittlebit（6）B，thetreewouldbebentlowenoughforhimtoreachthekitten.Butashe（7）Cthecaralittlefurtherforward，theropebroke.The（8）Awent"boing"andthekitteninstantlysailedthroughtheair﹣outof（9）D.Thepastorfeltterrible.Hewalkedalloverthe（10）Baskingpeopleifthey'dseenalittlekitten.（11）Dhadseenastray（迷途的）kitten.Hemetoneofhischurch（12）Catthegrocerystoreafewdayslater.He（13）Btolookintohershoppingcartandwas（14）Atoseecatfood.Thiswomanwasacat（15）C，soheaskedherwhyshewasbuyingcatfood."Youwon't（16）Cthis，"shereplied，andthentoldhimhowherlittlegirlhadbeenbeggingherforacat，butshekept（17）A.Thenafewdaysbefore，thechildhadbeggedagain，so（18）BtheMomtoldherlittlegirl，"Well，if（19）Dgivesyouacat，I'llletyoukeepit."Shetoldthepastor，"Iwatchedmychildgooutintheyard，getonher（20）B，andpray.Andreally，Pastor，Isawitwithmyowneyes.Akittensuddenlycameflyingoutofthebluesky，withitspaws（爪子）outspread，andlandedrightinfrontofher."（1）A．reservedB．madeC．offeredD．collected（2）A．strongB．tallC．easyD．tight（3）A．kittenB．carC．bodyD．church（4）A．comeupB．jumpupC．lookupD．reachup（5）A．progressB．patienceC．strengthD．competence（6）A．fasterB．furtherC．firmerD．closer（7）A．backedB．orderedC．movedD．pushed（8）A．treeB．pastorC．ropeD．fish（9）A．mindB．placeC．controlD．sight（10）A．backyardB．neighborhoodC．countryD．city（11）A．EverybodyB．SomebodyC．AnybodyD．Nobody（12）A．workersB．assistantsC．membersD．performers（13）A．seemedB．happenedC．pretendedD．begged（14）A．amazedB．embarrassedC．pleasedD．sorry（15）A．catcherB．ownerC．haterD．seller（16）A．inventB．loveC．believeD．mean（17）A．refusingB．beggingC．prayingD．explaining（18）A．actuallyB．finallyC．calmlyD．gratefully（19）A．thepastorB．someoneC．DadD．God（20）A．armsB．kneesC．handsD．feet【答案】（1）﹣（5）CABDA（6）﹣（10）BCADB（11）﹣（15）DCBAC（16）﹣（20）CABDB【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者看见一只流浪的小猫想要带回家时小猫跑掉了，后来遇到了一位不爱猫的女人，知道是她女儿的恳求让她收养了小猫．【解答】（1）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．reserved保留；B．made制造；C．offered提供；D．collected收集；句意是他提供了热牛奶，甚至还有一条小鱼，但小猫不肯下来．故答案为C.（2）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A．strong强壮；B．tall高的；C．easy容易；D．tight紧的；根据下句根据本句中的"sothepastordecidedtotiearopetohis________andpullituntilthetreebentdown"可知，这棵树不够结实，爬不上去，牧师决定把绳子系在他的车上，拉到树弯下来，这样他就可以伸手去抓小猫了．故答案为A.（3）B．考查名词及语境理解。A．kitten小猫；B．car汽车；C．body身体；D．church教会；根据第三段第一句中的"thecar"可知，他把绳子系到小汽车上，然后向前开车直到树弯曲。故答案为B.（4）D．考查短语及语境理解。A．comeup上来；B．jumpup跳起来；C．lookup向上看；D．reachup向上伸；根据本句中的"getthekitten"可知，树弯曲之后他才能抬起手够到猫。故答案为D.（5）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．progress进展；B．patience耐心；C．strength力量；D．competence能力；根据下句Hethenfiguredifhewentjustalittlebit可知，他一直注意着车子的前进情况。故答案为A.（6）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A．faster.更快；B．further进一步；C．firmer更坚固；D．closer更接近；根据下句thecaralittlefurtherforward可知如果他再往前走一点，那棵树就会弯得足够低，让他够到小猫．故答案为B.（7）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．backed支持；B．ordered有序的；C．moved移动；D．pushed推动；句意是但当他把车往前挪一点时，绳子断了．故答案为C.（8）A．考查名词及语境理解。A．tree树；B．pastor牧师；C．rope绳索；D．fish鱼；根据"boing"可知，此处指树发出的断裂声。故答案为A.（9）D．考查名词及语境理解。A．mind头脑；B．place地点；C．control控制；D．sight视线；根据下文askingpeopleifthey'dseenalittlekitten可知他问人们是否看到一只猫可知，猫不见了。outofsight看不见。故答案为D.（10）B．考查名词及语境理解。A．backyard后院；B．neighborhood邻里；C．country国家；D．city城市；根据下文askingpeopleifthey'dseenalittlekitten可知他问人们是否看到一只猫可知，猫不见了。说明他走遍了整个社区，问人们是否见过小猫．故答案为B.（11）D．考查代词及语境理解。A．Everybody所有人；B．Somebody某人；C．Anybody任何人；D．Nobody没有人；根据上文Thepastorfeltterrible可知牧师因为猫不见了而感到糟糕，说明没有人见过一只流浪的小猫．故答案为D.（12）C．考查名词及语境理解。A．workers工人；B．assistants助理；C．members成员；D．performers表演者；句意是几天后，他在杂货店遇到了一位教会成员．故答案为C.（13）B．考查动词及语境理解。A．seemed似乎；B．happened发生；C．pretended假装；D．begged乞求；句意是他碰巧看了看她的购物车，惊奇地发现有猫粮．故答案为B.（14）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A．amazed惊讶；B．embarrassed尴尬的；C．pleased高兴的；D．sorry对不起；根据下文butshekept.可知她一直拒绝，说明这位女士不喜欢猫，所以牧师看到她买猫食感到很惊奇。故答案为A.（15）C．考查名词及语境理解。A．catcher捕手；B．owner所有者；C．hater憎恨者；D．seller卖方；根据下文butshekept.可知她一直拒绝，说明这位女士不喜欢猫，故答案为C.（16）C．考查动词及语境理解。A．invent发明；B．love爱；C．believe相信；D．mean意味着；由下文Akittensuddenlycameflyingoutofthebluesky，可知一只小猫突然从蓝天飞来，说明她给牧师讲述的这件奇怪的事，她认为牧师不会相信这件事，故答案为C.（17）A．考查动词及语境理解。A．refusing拒绝；B．begging乞讨；C．praying祈祷；D．explaining解释；句意是"你不会相信的，"她回答，然后告诉他，她的小女孩是如何向她乞讨一只猫的，但她一直拒绝．根据转折连词"but"可知，女儿一直恳求她想要一只猫，但她总是拒绝。故答案为A.（18）B．考查副词及语境理解。A．actually事实上；B．finally最后；C．calmly冷静地；D．gratefully感激地；句意是几天前，孩子又乞讨了，最后妈妈告诉她的小女儿；故答案为B.（19）D．考查名词及语境理解。A．thepastor牧师；B．someone某人；C．Dad爸爸；D．God上帝；"根据下文中的"pray"可知，此处是指"如果上帝（God）给你一只猫，我就让你养它"。故答案为D.（20）B．考查名词及语境理解。A．arms胳膊；B．knees膝盖；C．hands手；D．feet脚；句意是我看着我的孩子走出院子，跪下祈祷．故答案为B.【点评】完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。二．阅读理解（共3小题）2．（2021秋•尧都区校级期末）Manyanimalsneedtomoveacrosslargedistances.Oftentheydothisaspartoftheirnaturalmigration（迁徙）.Sometimesanimalsneedtomovetoanewareawhenfoodgetsloworconditionsgetworse.However，humanshavetakenoverhugeareasoftheplanet.Roadsandhighwayscutuptheremainingnaturalareasintomanysmallsections，makingitdangerousforanimalstomove.Manypeopleareworkingtohelpanimalsbycreating"wildlifecorridors（走廊）"，tryingtoreconnectsmallernaturalareassothatanimalscanmoveoverlargerareas.Oneimportantstepincreatingthesecorridorsisbuildingwildlifebridgesandtunnelstogiveanimalsawaytosafelycrossdangerousroads.Thesechangesdon'tjusthelpanimals，buttheyalsosavehumanlivesbyavoidingaccidents.OnChina'sHainanIsland，scientistscreatedabridgeforgibbons，ananimalthatlivesinsouthernAsia.Butin2014，naturalaccidentscausedhugegapsintheforest，forcingthemtomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapbridge，whichsolvedtheproblem.In2018，theexpertsinUtah，Americabuiltawildlifebridgeoverthebusyhighway.A4.8﹣kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.Normally，animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges，soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.However，totheirsurprise，manydifferentkindsofanimalshavealreadyusedthebridge.Nowpeopleinothercountriesarelookingtotrysimilarideas.InBrazil，scientistswanttocreatebridgestohelpanimalscrossthehundredsofmilesofhighwaythatcutsthroughtheAmazonrainforest.InUttarakhand，India，aneco﹣bridgemadefromall﹣naturalmaterialshasbeenbuilt.Thoughit'shighinthetrees，it'sexpectedtohelpsmalleranimalsonthegroundbyremindingdriversthatthey'reinanimportantnaturalareawithlotsofwildlife.Already，thebridgehasgotalotofattention，withmanypeopletakingselfies（自拍照）infrontofit.（1）Whyarethewildlifecorridorscreated？BA．Toavoidtheattackfromanimals.B．Toofferawaytoprotectanimals.C．Toimproveanimals'livingconditions.D．Tobringmoreconveniencetohumans.（2）HowdoesthebridgeinUtahsurprisetheexperts？DA．Animalsneednoguidetoit.B．Animalstakemoretimetocrossit.C．Ithasmadethetrafficdangerous.D．Itisusedbymanyanimalssooner.（3）Whatdoweknowabouttheeco﹣bridgeinIndia？AA．Ithasbecomeahitfortourists.B．Itismadeofman﹣madematerials.C．Itactsasareminderforthehunter.D．Itservesasasignofanaturalarea.（4）Howisthetextmainlydeveloped？BA．Bymakingacomparison.B．Bylistingsomeexamples.C．Byshowingcausesandeffects.D．Byfollowingtheorderoftime.【答案】BDAB【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类正在建设野生动物走廊，以保护动物。【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第二段"Manypeopleareworkingtohelpanimalsbycreating"wildlifecorridors"，tryingtoreconnectsmallernaturalareassothatanimalscanmoveoverlargerareas.Oneimportantstepincreatingthesecorridorsisbuildingwildlifebridgesandtunnelstogiveanimalsawaytosafelycrossdangerousroads."（许多人正在通过创建"野生动物走廊"来帮助动物，试图重新连接较小的自然区域，以便动物可以在较大的区域移动。建造这些走廊的一个重要步骤是修建野生动物桥梁和隧道，让动物能够安全地穿过危险的道路。）可知，建立野生动物走廊是为了帮助动物，提供一条可以保护动物的通路。故选B项。（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段"Normally，animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges，soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.However，totheirsurprise，manydifferentkindsofanimalshavealreadyusedthebridge."（通常情况下，动物需要很长时间才能发现并开始使用野生动物的桥梁，所以专家们预计这座桥在几年内不会有太多的流量。然而，令他们惊讶的是，许多不同种类的动物已经使用了这座桥。）可知，许多动物很快就会使用野生动物桥梁，这使得专家们感到惊讶。故选D项。（3）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Already，thebridgehasgotalotofattention，withmanypeopletakingselfiesinfrontofit."（这座桥已经引起了很多关注，许多人在桥前自拍。）可知，印度的生态桥已经成为受旅行者欢迎的地点。故选A项。（4）B.推理判断题。通读全文，文章第三段列举中国海南岛，美国犹他州建造野生动物走廊，第四段列举其他国家尝试类似的想法，如巴西希望建造桥梁、印度已经建成生态桥，所以文章是通过列举一些例子来展开的。故选B项。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3．Crimeshappeneveryday，butpeoplearen'ttheonlyvictimsofillegalactivities.Therearealsoanimals.Thoughanimalscan'ttellthepoliceofficerswhatthey'vesuffered，thesearesomeofthehardestcasestosolve.Asweallknow，poacherscanmakealotofmoneybysellingmeat，furandotherpartsofprotectedanimals.Astheanimalsbecomerarer，theirpartsbecomemorevaluable.Sopoachersearnevengreaterrewardsfortheircollectionofprotectedspecies.Inthepastfewyears，thepriceofivoryhasrisentoabout＄850perkg.Anivorycansometimesweigh11kgormore.Now，scientistsarefightingback.ItisknownthatDNAplaysabigpartinsolvinghumancrimes.Likefingerprints，DNAisuniquetoeveryperson.SobyexaminingDNAinbloodorhair，thepolicecanrecognizecriminalsandvictims.Whenthepolicefindpoachedanimalparts，suchastheirfurorbones，itisdifficulttoknowwhatspeciesthevictimsare，whichismostlycaredabout.DNAcanprovehelpfulinfiguringitoutandalsowheretheanimalscamefrom.That'sbecausemembersofonelocalgroupofanimalssharemoreDNAincommonwitheachotherthantheydowithmoredistantgroupsoftheirspecies.Iftheworld'spoachingvictimscouldtalk，theywouldprobablythankthesescientistsfortheirwork.（1）TheauthorusestheexampleofivorytoshowthatD.A．ivoryisthemostexpensivepartofanelephantB．poachingisaverycommonactivityintheworldC．poachersalwaystreattheprotectedanimalscruellyD．poache