2024-2025学年外研社版高一（上）英语寒假作业（四）

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年外研社版高一（上）英语寒假作业（四）一．完形填空（共1小题）1．OnNov.29，2011，mylittlesisterLilywasborn.Thewholefamilywelcomedherarrivalwith（1）andopenarms.Wewerethrilledtohaveanewadditiontoourfamily.Asshegrew，her（2）becameapparent.We（3）shewouldappeardistantattimesandwasunableto（4）withothers.Thesmallestthingswouldkeepherentertainedforlongperiods，andshewould（5）thesameroutinehappilythroughouttheday.Attheageofthree，Lilywastakentothehospitalbymyparents.Weweretoldthatshewasachildwithautism，andshewouldhave（6）incommunicatingandformingrelationshipswithothers.Myfamilywere（7）tolearnthatourlovedonewouldprobablybeunabletolivea（8）life.Unawareofwhatexactlythiswouldbring，wemadeadecisiontoconsiderautisma（9）.Andwhatablessingitturnedouttobe!Thediagnosisbroughtourfamily（10），andwerealizedadeeper（11）foroneanother.Raisingachildwithadevelopmentaldisabilityisa（n）（12）process.Mistakesare（13）.However，throughitall，ourfamilyisalwaystherewatchingoverher，（14）thatsheisinacomfortableandsafeenvironmentatalltimes.AndLilyknowsthatshehasalovingandsupportivefamilywhocanbe（15）andherbiggestcheerleaderswhen（16）isachieved.Forthosenormalpeopleperhapsmyexperiencemightmakeyoumore（17）whatisreallyimportantinlife.Asforme，autismhas（18）beenablessingofstrength，courageandhope.Itshouldnotbe（19）asaburden，butratherasablessingtothefamiliesfortunateenoughto（20）adifferentlifestyle.（1）A．excitementB．cautionC．surpriseD．patience（2）A．messinessB．carelessnessC．kindnessD．uniqueness（3）A．reportedB．predictedC．noticedD．proved（4）A．fightB．communicateC．bargainD．debate（5）A．repeatB．treatC．shareD．provide（6）A．skillsB．beliefC．pressureD．difficulty（7）A．disappointedB．calmC．heartbrokenD．anxious（8）A．differentB．normalC．simpleD．relaxing（9）A．signB．testC．punishmentD．blessing（10）A．closerB．tougherC．richerD．healthier（11）A．respectB．mercyC．appreciationD．regret（12）A．encouragingB．learningC．touchingD．thinking（13）A．carelessB．seriousC．deliberateD．unavoidable（14）A．realizingB．ensuringC．remindingD．demanding（15）A．keptoffB．reliedonC．lookedafterD．helpedout（16）A．statusB．standardC．progressD．task（17）A．carefulwithB．curiousaboutC．awareofD．interestedin（18）A．actuallyB．finallyC．suddenlyD．merely（19）A．designedB．chosenC．knownD．viewed（20）A．experienceB．imagineC．changeD．explain二．阅读理解（共1小题）2．Americanswearblackformourning（哀悼）whileChinesewearwhite.Westernersthinkofdragonsasmonsters.ChinesehonorthemassymbolsofGod.Chinesecivilizationhasoftenshownsuchpolarities（对立）withtheWest，asthougheachstandsatextremeendsofaglobalstring.NowintheUniversityofCalifornia，Berkeley，apsychologist，hasdiscovereddeeperpolaritiesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures—polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwereasonanddiscovertruth.HisfindingsgofartowardexplainingwhyAmericanculturesseemtobeaggressiveandChineseculturessopassive，whencomparedtoeachother.Moreimportantly，theresearchopensthewayforthepeoplesoftheEastandtheWesttolearnfromeachotherinbasicways.TheChinesecouldlearnmuchfromWesternmethodsfordeterminingscientifictruth，saidKaipingPeng，aformerBeijingScholar，whoisnowaUCBerkeleyassistantprofessorofpsychology.AndAmericanscouldprofitenormouslyfromtheChinesetoleranceforacceptingcontradictionsinsocialandpersonallife，hesaid."Americanshaveaterribleneedtofindoutwhoisrightinanargument，"saidPeng."Theproblemisthatattheinterpersonallevelyoureallydon'tneedtofindthetruth，ormaybethereisn'tany.""Chinesepeople，"saidPeng，"arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages，becausetheyhaveawholeawarenessthatlifeisfullofcontradictions.""TheydofarlessblamingoftheindividualthanAmericansdo."headded.Instudiesofinterpersonalargument，forexample，whensubjectswereaskedtodealwithcontradictoryinformationresultingfromconflictbetweenamotherandadaughterorastudentandaschool，PengfoundthatAmericanswere"non﹣compromising（折中），blamingoneside—usuallythemother—forthecausesoftheproblems，demandingchangesfromonesidetoattainasolutionandofferingnocompromise"indealingwiththeconflict.Comparedtothisangry，blamingAmericanmethod，theChinesewereparagons（模范）ofcompromise，findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.（1）InParagraph1，theauthorsetsexamplesinorderto.A．exposethecontradictionbetweenChineseandAmericansB．showthedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandAmericancultureC．findthereasonforthedifferencesD．generalizethemainideaofthepassage（2）IntheopinionofPeng，comparedwithAmericans，Chineseare.A．likelytofindthetruthinlifeB．unwillingtoadmittheirownfailureC．unwillingtohaveageneralideaofthingsD．likelytoknowadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthings（3）Thestudiesshow.A．anAmericantreatshisorhermotherbadlyB．differentideasoftreatingtheagedC．differentpersonalityofChineseandAmericansD．differenthobbiesofAmericansandChinese（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．PolaritiesbetweenAmericanandChinesecultures.B．Extremeendsofthestring.C．Differentattitudestowardstheaged.D．Differentmannersinsocialoccasions.三．信息匹配（共1小题）3．（2022•南京模拟）Inthewild，italldependsonyouwithyoursurvivalknowledgeandequipmenttolife.（1）Youmustbefamiliarwiththeuseofequipment.Theweightoftheequipmentshouldbenomorethan20kg.Herearesomenecessitiesthatareadvisedtotake.You'dbettertakeacompass.Itisnotheavy.Itisentitledtoaplaceinyourequipment.Theuseofthecompassisthemosteffective.SomepeoplemaysayGPSisverypopularnow.（2）Incold，hot，wetandotherbadconditions，suchasabout10degreesbelowzerointhenortheast，GPSuses30%moreelectricitythanroomtemperature.Besidesthat，Iwilltalkabouttheroleoffire.Fireplaysanimportantrolenotonlyincookingfood，butalsoinhelpingusresistthecold.（3）Theordinaryplasticlighterssoldonthestreetareactuallygood，lightweightandeasytouse.（4）Atleastitisabout1.5meterslongand30﹣50cmwide.Puttingascarfaroundyourneckcanpreventsunburnbysunshine，canmakeitasimplesunhat，marchinginbrightlight，desert.Youcanalsomakenetsandcatchfishandshrimp，birdsandinsectsinthewild.Nomatterhowhigh﹣endyouroutdoorclothingis，youstillneedtotakearaincoat.Choosingasuitableraincoatisveryimportant.Theseparationkindofraincoatismoreconvenient.Theraincoatdoesn'tjustprotectyoufromtherain.（5）Ifthesurvivalofthewildiscomparedtoabuilding，thenthestrongwillisthefoundation，thesurvivalknowledgeisthewall，thepropertrainingistheroof，theequipmentisjusttomakeyouliveinmorecomfortabledecoration.A.First，onebetteroptionistotakeGPS.B.Thesurvivalscarfinthewildisouressentialsurvivaltool.C.Goodequipmentcanletyouhaveamorecomfortableexperience.D.Bicycleraincoatcancoveryourbagbutyoucan'tstretchoutyourhand.E.However，themorecomplexthingsare，themorelikelytheyaretogowrong.F.Inordertoletyouenjoybettertreatmentinthewild，youhavetotakealighter.G.Itcanalsobeusedastentsandwaterproofmatstokeepyouwarmandgetwaterforyou.四．语法填空（共1小题）4．SpeakLifeWithWordsofLoveIhavebeenblessedwithmanygoodpeoplearound.Oneofthemismyhusband，Joshua.Afewyearsago，I（1）（force）toquitmyteachingjobbecauseofpoorhealth.（2）（stay）athome，Ifeltdownanduseless.Joshuafeltmy（3）（confident）fadedlittlebylittle.Onesummerafternoon，hewenthomecarryingasmall﹣sizedschoolwhiteboard，（4）（sweet）saidtome，"Youcandoitagain.Youare（5）goodteacher.Rememberyourmission（使命）.Makeacomeback，andyouwillbe（6）（good）thaneverbefore."AsIlistenedtohisencouragingwords，mytearswererollingdown.Heknewteachingtomewasnotjustajob；itwasmeaningfultomebecauseit'samission.Themissionistohelpmystudentslearnmore，thinkmoreandbecomemore.Thanks（7）hisspeakinglifewithwordsofloveoverme，Ifelt（8）（inspire）.Ididn'tlethimdown.Few（9）（month）afterthat，Iwentbacktoteachagain.Pleasespeakwithwordsoflovetopeoplewhomyoulove，（10）toyourself，too.Letwordsoflovespreadaround.五．单词拼写（共5小题）5．Withnewtechnology，picturesofunderwater（山谷）canbetakenincolor.6．Shesaidgood﹣byetoherparents（含着泪）.7．With（完成作业），hewasallowedtoplayoutsidewithhisfriends.8．Thefirsteditionwasabigsuccess，sowetryto（出版）thesecondeditionasquicklyaspossible.9．Thiskindofstampis（设计）bysomestudentswhoarelearningartatouruniversity.六．翻译题（共5小题）10．我们班有50个学生，三分之二是女生。11．目力所及之处，这些梯田从山脚到山顶覆盖在高山之上．12．虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。（while）13．他将永远记得父亲从美国返回的那一天。14．我仍然记得我们第一次来到这座城市的那一天。七．书面表达（共1小题）15．（2022•襄城区校级模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIlivedinPortland，Oregon，ItaughtEnglishasaSecondLanguageatalocalcommunitycollege.IhadadultstudentsinmyclassfromVietnam，Mexico，Russiaandmanyothercountries.Althoughtheycamefrommanylands，fightingforabetterlifeinAmerica，theyhadonethingincommon：adesperateyearning（渴望）tolearnEnglishwell.Manyofthestudentsworkedinafactoryfortwelvehoursthroughoutthenightandhurriedlytookabusinthemorningstraighttoour8：00A.M.class.Theyattendedmyclassontimewhatevertheweather.SometimesIwouldseethemstrugglingtokeeptheireyesopeninthebeginning.However，theiractiveparticipationinclassdroveawaytheirphysicaltirednessaswellasliveneduptheatmosphere.IstillrememberthedaywhenItaughtasimpledialoguecalled"ShoppingforaNewCoat".Toteachthecourse，Iaskedseveralstudentstorole﹣playthedialogue.AlexanderfromHungary，oneofthemosthardworkingmembersoftheclass，volunteeredtostandupandactitout.Hardashetried，hestillmadelotsofmistakes.However，Ipraisedhim.Afterclass，hehurriedtomeandraisedabunchofquestionsbygesture.Iwasnotquitesureabouthisquestions，soIexplainedthekeypointsagain.Afterthat，henoddedandstuttered，"Thankyou，Mrs.Green!Yourencouragementreallymademyday!"Actually，itwashimwhomademyday.SometimesIwonderedifIwasreallyteachingmystudentsinthebestwaypossible.ButIgavemyalltothisclass，andtheygavetheiralltome.Ifnothingelse，theywouldalwaysrememberwhattosayiftheyeverwent"shoppingforanewcoat".Soon，thelanguagecoursecametoanend.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Onthelastdayofclass，theythrewawonderfulpartythatwasfilledwithgoodfoodandlaughter.____Iliftedfromtheboxabeautiful，new，full﹣lengthcoat._____________

2024-2025学年外研社版高一（上）英语寒假作业（四）参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．OnNov.29，2011，mylittlesisterLilywasborn.Thewholefamilywelcomedherarrivalwith（1）Aandopenarms.Wewerethrilledtohaveanewadditiontoourfamily.Asshegrew，her（2）Dbecameapparent.We（3）Cshewouldappeardistantattimesandwasunableto（4）Bwithothers.Thesmallestthingswouldkeepherentertainedforlongperiods，andshewould（5）Athesameroutinehappilythroughouttheday.Attheageofthree，Lilywastakentothehospitalbymyparents.Weweretoldthatshewasachildwithautism，andshewouldhave（6）Dincommunicatingandformingrelationshipswithothers.Myfamilywere（7）Ctolearnthatourlovedonewouldprobablybeunabletolivea（8）Blife.Unawareofwhatexactlythiswouldbring，wemadeadecisiontoconsiderautisma（9）D.Andwhatablessingitturnedouttobe!Thediagnosisbroughtourfamily（10）A，andwerealizedadeeper（11）Cforoneanother.Raisingachildwithadevelopmentaldisabilityisa（n）（12）Bprocess.Mistakesare（13）D.However，throughitall，ourfamilyisalwaystherewatchingoverher，（14）Bthatsheisinacomfortableandsafeenvironmentatalltimes.AndLilyknowsthatshehasalovingandsupportivefamilywhocanbe（15）Bandherbiggestcheerleaderswhen（16）Cisachieved.Forthosenormalpeopleperhapsmyexperiencemightmakeyoumore（17）Cwhatisreallyimportantinlife.Asforme，autismhas（18）Abeenablessingofstrength，courageandhope.Itshouldnotbe（19）Dasaburden，butratherasablessingtothefamiliesfortunateenoughto（20）Aadifferentlifestyle.（1）A．excitementB．cautionC．surpriseD．patience（2）A．messinessB．carelessnessC．kindnessD．uniqueness（3）A．reportedB．predictedC．noticedD．proved（4）A．fightB．communicateC．bargainD．debate（5）A．repeatB．treatC．shareD．provide（6）A．skillsB．beliefC．pressureD．difficulty（7）A．disappointedB．calmC．heartbrokenD．anxious（8）A．differentB．normalC．simpleD．relaxing（9）A．signB．testC．punishmentD．blessing（10）A．closerB．tougherC．richerD．healthier（11）A．respectB．mercyC．appreciationD．regret（12）A．encouragingB．learningC．touchingD．thinking（13）A．carelessB．seriousC．deliberateD．unavoidable（14）A．realizingB．ensuringC．remindingD．demanding（15）A．keptoffB．reliedonC．lookedafterD．helpedout（16）A．statusB．standardC．progressD．task（17）A．carefulwithB．curiousaboutC．awareofD．interestedin（18）A．actuallyB．finallyC．suddenlyD．merely（19）A．designedB．chosenC．knownD．viewed（20）A．experienceB．imagineC．changeD．explain【答案】（1）﹣（5）ADCBA（6）﹣（10）DCBDA（11）﹣（15）CBDBB（16）﹣（20）CCADA【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了家人抚养患有自闭症的妹妹的故事以及从中感悟出的道理。【解答】（1）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.excitement激动；B.caution谨慎；C.surprise惊喜；D.patience耐心。根据后文"Wewerethrilledtohaveanewadditiontoourfamily."及常识可知，妹妹出生，全家人都很激动。故选A。（2）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.messiness混乱；B.carelessness粗心；C.kindness善良；D.uniqueness独特性。根据后文"shewouldappeardistantattimesandwasunableto"可知，Lily有时显得冷漠，无法与别人交流，身上的特性越来越明显。故选D。（3）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.reported报告；B.predicted预测；C.noticed注意到；D.proved证明。根据后文"shewouldappeardistantattimesandwasunableto"可知，Lily的家人注意到了她的一些特别的地方。故选C。（4）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.fight奋斗；B.communicate交流；C.bargain交易；D.debate辩论。呼应后文"incommunicatingandformingrelationshipswithothers."Lily和别人交流有困难。故选B。（5）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.repeat重复；B.treat对待；C.share分享；D.provide提供。根据后文"thesameroutinehappilythroughouttheday"可知，Lily喜欢一整天做重复的事情。故选A。（6）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.skills技能；B.belief信念；C.pressure压力；D.difficulty困难。结合上文"wasunableto…withothers"和常识可知，患有自闭症的Lily在和他人沟通、建立关系方面有困难。havedifficultyindoingsth."做某事有困难"。故选D。（7）C．考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappointed失望的；B.calm平静的；C.heartbroken伤心的；D.anxious焦虑的。上文提到Lily患有自闭症，无法过正常的生活，所以家人很伤心。故选C。（8）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.different不同的；B.normal正常的；C.simple简单的；D.relaxing放松的。上文中"Weweretoldthatshewasachildwithautism"提到Lily患有自闭症，且和别人交流建立关系有困难，即：Lily无法过正常的生活。故选B。（9）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.sign迹象；B.test测试；C.punishment惩罚；D.blessing祝福。呼应后文"Andwhatablessingitturnedouttobe!"可知，作者一家把这种病视为一种祝福。故选D。（10）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.closer更亲密的；B.tougher更艰难的；C.richer更富有的；D.healthier更健康的。照料自闭症的患者需要付出更多的精力，而这个过程也让家人之间的关系更亲密。故选A。（11）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.respect尊重；B.mercy仁慈；C.appreciation感激；D.regret后悔。句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感激。在照顾家人的过程中，彼此都付出很多，所以此处指感激彼此。故选C。（12）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.encouraging鼓励；B.learning学习；C.touching触动；D.thinking思考。后文"Mistakes"表明，自闭症患者与正常人不一样，会面临很多问题，这需要家人共同学习。故选B.。（13）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.careless粗心的；B.serious严肃的；C.deliberate故意的；D.unavoidable不可避免的。家人以前没有照顾过自闭症患者，在这个过程中肯定会有很多失误，所以错误是不可避免的。故选D。（14）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.realizing意识到；B.ensuring确保；C.reminding提醒；D.demanding要求。根据后文"thatsheisinacomfortableandsafeenvironmentatalltimes"可知Lily的家人永远在那里照顾着她，确保她一直生活在舒服、安全的环境中。故选B。（15）B．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.keptoff让开；B.reliedon依靠；C.lookedafter照顾；D.helpedout帮助摆脱困境。结合上文"shehasalovingandsupportivefamilywhocanbe"可知，作者一家一直守护着Lily，所以Lily明白她可以依靠家人。故选B。（16）C．考查名词及语境理解。A.status地位；B.standard标准；C.progress进步；D.task任务。根据前后文"herbiggestcheerleaderswhen…isachieved"可知对患有自闭症的Lily的每一点进步，家人都非常高兴，都会欢呼庆祝。故选C。（17）C．考查固定短语及语境理解。A.carefulwith当心；B.curiousabout好奇；C.awareof意识到；D.interestedin感兴趣。根据前后文"Forthosenormalpeopleperhapsmyexperiencemightmakeyoumore…whatisreallyimportantinlife"可知，作者的经历会使你意识到人生中到底什么东西才是真正重要的。故选C。（18）A．考查副词及语境理解。A.actually实际上；B.finally终于；C.suddenly突然；D.merely仅仅。结合后文"beenablessingofstrength，courageandhope"可知，作者一家人没有把自闭症视为负担，而认为自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福，actually符合语境。故选A。（19）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.designed设计；B.chosen选择；C.known知道；D.viewed看作。句意：它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福，对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说。根据后文"asaburden"可知把自闭症看作负担，短语beviewedas"被看作……"。故选D。（20）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.experience经历，体验；B.imagine想象；C.change改变；D.explain解释。句意：它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福，对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的.庭来说。照顾自闭症患者，整个家庭生活会和普通的正常家庭完全不一样，所以是体验一种不一样的生活方式。故选A。【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。二．阅读理解（共1小题）2．Americanswearblackformourning（哀悼）whileChinesewearwhite.Westernersthinkofdragonsasmonsters.ChinesehonorthemassymbolsofGod.Chinesecivilizationhasoftenshownsuchpolarities（对立）withtheWest，asthougheachstandsatextremeendsofaglobalstring.NowintheUniversityofCalifornia，Berkeley，apsychologist，hasdiscovereddeeperpolaritiesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures—polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwereasonanddiscovertruth.HisfindingsgofartowardexplainingwhyAmericanculturesseemtobeaggressiveandChineseculturessopassive，whencomparedtoeachother.Moreimportantly，theresearchopensthewayforthepeoplesoftheEastandtheWesttolearnfromeachotherinbasicways.TheChinesecouldlearnmuchfromWesternmethodsfordeterminingscientifictruth，saidKaipingPeng，aformerBeijingScholar，whoisnowaUCBerkeleyassistantprofessorofpsychology.AndAmericanscouldprofitenormouslyfromtheChinesetoleranceforacceptingcontradictionsinsocialandpersonallife，hesaid."Americanshaveaterribleneedtofindoutwhoisrightinanargument，"saidPeng."Theproblemisthatattheinterpersonallevelyoureallydon'tneedtofindthetruth，ormaybethereisn'tany.""Chinesepeople，"saidPeng，"arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages，becausetheyhaveawholeawarenessthatlifeisfullofcontradictions.""TheydofarlessblamingoftheindividualthanAmericansdo."headded.Instudiesofinterpersonalargument，forexample，whensubjectswereaskedtodealwithcontradictoryinformationresultingfromconflictbetweenamotherandadaughterorastudentandaschool，PengfoundthatAmericanswere"non﹣compromising（折中），blamingoneside—usuallythemother—forthecausesoftheproblems，demandingchangesfromonesidetoattainasolutionandofferingnocompromise"indealingwiththeconflict.Comparedtothisangry，blamingAmericanmethod，theChinesewereparagons（模范）ofcompromise，findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.（1）InParagraph1，theauthorsetsexamplesinordertoB.A．exposethecontradictionbetweenChineseandAmericansB．showthedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandAmericancultureC．findthereasonforthedifferencesD．generalizethemainideaofthepassage（2）IntheopinionofPeng，comparedwithAmericans，ChineseareD.A．likelytofindthetruthinlifeB．unwillingtoadmittheirownfailureC．unwillingtohaveageneralideaofthingsD．likelytoknowadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthings（3）ThestudiesshowC.A．anAmericantreatshisorhermotherbadlyB．differentideasoftreatingtheagedC．differentpersonalityofChineseandAmericansD．differenthobbiesofAmericansandChinese（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？AA．PolaritiesbetweenAmericanandChinesecultures.B．Extremeendsofthestring.C．Differentattitudestowardstheaged.D．Differentmannersinsocialoccasions.【答案】BDCA【分析】文章讨论的是中美文化的差异，分别从几个方面来阐释两国的文化内涵的不同。【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据原文第一段NowintheUniversityofCalifornia，Berkeley，apsychologist，hasdiscovereddeeperpolaritiesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures—polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwereasonanddiscovertruth.（现在，加州大学伯克利分校的一位心理学家发现了中美文化之间更深层次的差异﹣﹣这种差异直指我们推理和发现真相的核心。）可知作者用例子来说明中美文化差异。故选B。（2）D.细节理解题。根据原文第三段"Chinesepeople，"saidPeng，"arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages，becausetheyhaveawholeawarenessthatlifeisfullofcontradictions."（"中国人，"彭说，"更满足于认为双方都有优点和缺点，因为他们有一个完整的意识，生活充满了矛盾。"）可知，中国人善于全面考虑问题．而文中没有提到B（不愿承认失败）。故选D。（3）C.推理判断题。根据原文第四段Comparedtothisangry，blamingAmericanmethod，theChinesewereparagons（模范）ofcompromise，findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.（与这种愤怒、指责的美国式方式相比，中国人是妥协的典范，他们在双方身上都找错了地方，并寻找让双方都折中的解决方案。）关于中美处理母女矛盾方式差异的调查，可知这是中美两国人处理问题的不同态度和个性。故选C。（4）A.主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章讨论的是中美文化的差异。A.PolaritiesbetweenAmericanandChinesecultures.（中美文化的差异。）符合题意。故选A。【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。三．信息匹配（共1小题）3．（2022•南京模拟）Inthewild，italldependsonyouwithyoursurvivalknowledgeandequipmenttolife.（1）CYoumustbefamiliarwiththeuseofequipment.Theweightoftheequipmentshouldbenomorethan20kg.Herearesomenecessitiesthatareadvisedtotake.You'dbettertakeacompass.Itisnotheavy.Itisentitledtoaplaceinyourequipment.Theuseofthecompassisthemosteffective.SomepeoplemaysayGPSisverypopularnow.（2）EIncold，hot，wetandotherbadconditions，suchasabout10degreesbelowzerointhenortheast，GPSuses30%moreelectricitythanroomtemperature.Besidesthat，Iwilltalkabouttheroleoffire.Fireplaysanimportantrolenotonlyincookingfood，butalsoinhelpingusresistthecold.（3）FTheordinaryplasticlighterssoldonthestreetareactuallygood，lightweightandeasytouse.（4）BAtleastitisabout1.5meterslongand30﹣50cmwide.Puttingascarfaroundyourneckcanpreventsunburnbysunshine，canmakeitasimplesunhat，marchinginbrightlight，desert.Youcanalsomakenetsandcatchfishandshrimp，birdsandinsectsinthewild.Nomatterhowhigh﹣endyouroutdoorclothingis，youstillneedtotakearaincoat.Choosingasuitableraincoatisveryimportant.Theseparationkindofraincoatismoreconvenient.Theraincoatdoesn'tjustprotectyoufromtherain.（5）GIfthesurvivalofthewildiscomparedtoabuilding，thenthestrongwillisthefoundation，thesurvivalknowledgeisthewall，thepropertrainingistheroof，theequipmentisjusttomakeyouliveinmorecomfortabledecoration.A.First，onebetteroptionistotakeGPS.B.Thesurvivalscarfinthewildisouressentialsurvivaltool.C.Goodequipmentcanletyouhaveamorecomfortableexperience.D.Bicycleraincoatcancoveryourbagbutyoucan'tstretchoutyourhand.E.However，themorecomplexthingsare，themorelikelytheyaretogowrong.F.Inordertoletyouenjoybettertreatmentinthewild，youhavetotakealighter.G.Itcanalsobeusedastentsandwaterproofmatstokeepyouwarmandgetwaterforyou.【答案】CEFBG【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在野外所需要的一些必需品。【解答】（1）C.逻辑关系题。空前说Inthewild，italldependsonyouwithyoursurvivalknowledgeandequipmenttolife.（在野外，一切都取决于你的生存知识和装备。）空后说Youmustbefamiliarwiththeuseofequipment.（你必须熟悉装备的使用。）因此空格处应讲装备的好处或重要性，C选项：Goodequipmentcanletyouhaveamorecomfortableexperience.（好的装备可以让你拥有更舒适的体验。）说明了装备的重要性，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。（2）E.逻辑关系题。空前说Theuseofthecompassisthemosteffective.SomepeoplemaysayGPSisverypopularnow.（使用指南针是最有效的。有些人可能会说GPS现在很流行。）空后说Incold，hot，wetandotherbadconditions，suchasabout10degreesbelowzerointhenortheast，GPSuses30%moreelectricitythanroomtemperature.（在寒冷、炎热、潮湿等恶劣条件下，比如东北地区零下10度左右，GPS的用电量比室温下多30%。）因此前后是转折关系，空格处应说像GPS这样的高科技的缺点，E选项：However，themorecomplexthingsare，themorelikelytheyaretogowrong.（然而，越复杂的东西，出错的可能性就越大。）中的However表转折，说明了高科技的东西也有缺点，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。（3）F.推理判断题。空后说Theordinaryplasticlighterssoldonthestreetareactuallygood，lightweightandeasytouse.（街上卖的普通塑料打火机其实很好，重量轻，使用方便。）因此空格处应引出打火机这个装备，F选项：Inordertoletyouenjoybettertreatmentinthewild，youhavetotakealighter.（为了让你在野外享受更好的待遇，你得带打火机。）引出了打火机，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。（4）B.段落主旨题。空格处是本段的主题句，根据空后的Atleastitisabout1.5meterslongand30﹣50cmwide.Puttingascarfaroundyourneckcanpreventsunburnbysunshine，canmakeitasimplesunhat，marchinginbrightlightordesert.（它至少有1.5米长，30﹣50厘米宽。把围巾围在脖子上可以防止被阳光晒伤，可以把它做成一顶简单的太阳帽，在强光下或沙漠中行进。）说明本段主要介绍的装备是至少有1.5米长，30﹣50厘米宽围巾，B选项：Thesurvivalscarfinthewildisouressentialsurvivaltool.（野外生存巾是我们必不可少的生存工具。）引出了野外生存巾，符合语境，故选B。（5）G.细节理解题。空前说Theraincoatdoesn'tjustprotectyoufromtherain.（雨衣不仅能保护你不受雨淋。）空格处应讲雨衣还能做什么，G选项：Itcanalsobeusedastentsandwaterproofmatstokeepyouwarmandgetwaterforyou.（它也可以用作帐篷和防水垫，为你保暖和取水。）说明了雨衣除了遮雨以外的功能，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【点评】"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。四．语法填空（共1小题）4．SpeakLifeWithWordsofLoveIhavebeenblessedwithmanygoodpeoplearound.Oneofthemismyhusband，Joshua.Afewyearsago，I（1）wasforced（force）toquitmyteachingjobbecauseofpoorhealth.（2）Staying（stay）athome，Ifeltdownanduseless.Joshuafeltmy（3）confidence（confident）fadedlittlebylittle.Onesummerafternoon，hewenthomecarryingasmall﹣sizedschoolwhiteboard，（4）sweetly（sweet）saidtome，"Youcandoitagain.Youare（5）agoodteacher.Rememberyourmission（使命）.Makeacomeback，andyouwillbe（6）better（good）thaneverbefore."AsIlistenedtohisencouragingwords，mytearswererollingdown.Heknewteachingtomewasnotjustajob；itwasmeaningfultomebecauseit'samission.Themissionistohelpmystudentslearnmore，thinkmoreandbecomemore.Thanks（7）tohisspeakinglifewithwordsofloveoverme，Ifelt（8）inspired（inspire）.Ididn'tlethimdown.Few（9）months（month）afterthat，Iwentbacktoteachagain.Pleasespeakwithwordsoflovetopeoplewhomyoulove，（10）andtoyourself，too.Letwordsoflovespreadaround.【答案】（1）wasforced（2）Staying（3）confidence（4）sweetly（5）a（6）better（7）to（8）inspired（9）months（10）and【分析】本文属于记叙文，作者因身体的原因而不得不离开自己的教学工作，而后因丈夫充满爱意的语言而受到启发，从而号召人们要用爱的语言对所爱的人和自己讲话并让这些语言传向四面八方。【解答】（1）wasforced.考查时态语态。句意：几年前，由于身体不好，我被迫辞去了我的教学工作。根据时间状语"Afewyearsago"可知，该空应使用一般过去时态，且主语与动词之间为被动关系，谓语用单数。故填wasforced。（2）Staying.考查现在分词。句意：呆在家里，我感到沮丧和无用。分析句子可知stay在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词在句首作状语。句首单词首字母要：大写。故填Staying。（3）confidence.考查名词。句意：乔舒亚感到我的信心在逐渐减退。形容词性物主代词my后接名词在宾语从句中作主语，表抽象概念，不可数，故填confidence。（4）sweetly.考查副词。句意：一个夏天的下午，他拿着一块小小的校白板回家，贴心地对我说。修饰动词said应用副词sweetly，作状语。故填sweetly。（5）a.考查冠词。句意：你是个好老师。teacher是一个可数名词此处表泛指应