专题02 完形填空（解析版）-5年（2017-2021）中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编（江西专用）

5年（2017-2021）中考英语真题分项汇编（江西专用）专题02完形填空(解析版)一、2021年五、完型填空Theyweighalmostnothing.Yettheyare29thansteel.Infact,somespiders’websareamongtheworld’sstrongestmaterials,30theycanbepulledlongerthanelastic（橡皮筋）.Theycanalsobeany31.Spiderwebsareamazing.Aspiderhashundredsofsmallopeningsinitsbody.Silkcomesoutoftheseopeningsasaliquid（液体）,and,asitreachestheair,itbecomestread-like.These32threads（线）cometogethertoformasinglethread.Thespidercanmakemanydifferentkindsofthread.Thetreadcanbethickorthin,wetordry,orsticky.Eachkindhasadifferent33.Somewebscreateaneggbox.Others34hidingplaces.Themostcommonpurposeofaspiderweb,however,istocatchfood.Therearemany35thespiderusesitswebtocatchfood.Forexamplesomespidersproduceasinglethread.Aninsectthensitsonit36realizingwhatitisdoing,andbecomes37.Slowly,thespidermovestowardstheinsect.38,itcoversitsfoodinsilk.Somespidersuseadifferentkindof39,Theymakewebsthatcheatinsects.Aninsectseesthewebandthinksit’saflower.Itthen40theweb.Thespidercanfeeleventhesmallestmovementoftheweb,andrushesattheinsect41itcangetaway.Spiderwebsareso42thatengineershavebeenstudyingthemforyears.Theywanttolearnwhytheyaresostrongandelastic.However,forthemoment,spidersarekeepingtheir43.Althoughtheyhavemadegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology,humansstillhaven’tbeenabletocopynaturalwebs.29．A．stronger B．brighter C．heavier D．thicker30．A．so B．but C．if D．or31．A．shape B．price C．weight D．temperature32．A．wide B．broken C．tiny D．weak33．A．direction B．purpose C．size D．name34．A．provide B．choose C．find D．change35．A．problems B．reasons C．steps D．ways36．A．by B．for C．without D．in37．A．lost B．stuck C．excited D．burnt38．A．Sadly B．Clearly C．Suddenly D．Loudly39．A．help B．material C．power D．trick40．A．landson B．movestowards C．fliesover D．looksinto41．A．when B．before C．until D．unless42．A．soft B．expensive C．important D．amazing43．A．habits B．plans C．secrets D．records【答案】29．A30．B31．A32．C33．B34．A35．D36．C37．B38．C39．D40．A41．B42．D43．C【解析】29．句意：然而，它们比钢铁还要坚固。stronger更牢固的；brighter更明亮的；heavier更重的；thicker更厚的。根据“Infact,somespiders’websareamongtheworld’sstrongestmaterials”可知，蜘蛛的网比钢铁还坚固，故选A。30．句意：但是它们可以被拉得比橡皮筋更长。so所以；but但是；if如果；or或者。“somespiders’websareamongtheworld’sstrongestmaterials”与“theycanbepulledlongerthanelastic”是转折关系，故选B。31．句意：它们也可以是任何形状。shape形状；price价格；weight重量；temperature温度。根据常识可知，蜘蛛网可以变成任何形状，故选A。32．句意：这些细线聚在一起形成一条线。wide广泛的；broken破坏的；tiny微小的；weak微弱的。根据“Silkcomesoutoftheseopeningsasaliquid”可知，从蜘蛛身体出来的像丝一样微小的线，聚在一起形成一条线，故选C。33．句意：每一种都有不同的目的。direction方向；purpose目的；size尺寸；name名字。根据“Somewebscreateaneggbox.Others…hidingplaces”可知，每一种蜘蛛线都有不同的目的，故选B。34．句意：另一些则提供藏身之处。provide提供；choose选择；find找到；change改变。根据“hidingplaces”可知，此处指提供隐藏之处，故选A。35．句意：蜘蛛用它的网来捕捉食物的方式有很多。problems问题；reasons原因；steps步骤；ways方法。根据“somespidersproduceasinglethread”可知，此处指捕捉食物的方法，故选D。36．句意：然后一只昆虫坐在上面，没有意识到它在做什么，就被粘住了。by通过；for为了；without没有；in在……里。根据“Aninsectthensitsonit…realizingwhatitisdoing”可知，昆虫这时还没有意识到发生了什么，故选C。37．句意：然后一只昆虫坐在上面，没有意识到它在做什么，就被粘住了。lost迷失的；stuck粘住的；excited兴奋的；burnt烧伤的。昆虫如果落在蜘蛛网上，就会被它粘住，故选B。38．句意：突然，它用丝覆盖食物。Sadly难过地；clearly清晰地；Suddenly突然；Loudly大声地。根据“Slowly,thespidermovestowardstheinsect”可知，刚开始先是慢慢地靠近食物，然后再突然用丝覆盖它，故选C。39．句意：有些蜘蛛使用一种不同的伎俩。help帮助；material材料；power能量；trick诡计。根据“Theymakewebsthatcheatinsects”可知，是用一些诡计来混淆昆虫的视线，故选D。40．句意：然后它落在了网上。landson降落在；movestowards走向；fliesover飞过；looksinto窥视。根据“Itthen…theweb”可知，是昆虫落在了蜘蛛网上，故选A。41．句意：蜘蛛甚至能感觉到蛛网的微小移动，在昆虫逃走之前就冲向它。when当……时；before在……之前；until直到；unless除非。根据“rushesattheinsect…itcangetaway”可知，是在昆虫逃走之前就抓住它，故选B。42．句意：蜘蛛网是如此惊人，以至于工程师们已经研究了很多年。soft柔软的；expensive昂贵的；important重要的；amazing令人差异的。根据“Theywanttolearnwhytheyaresostrongandelastic”可知，蜘蛛网又坚固又有弹性，让人感觉很差异，故选D。43．句意：然而，目前蜘蛛还在保守自己的秘密。habits爱好；plans计划；secrets秘密；records记录。根据“humansstillhaven’tbeenabletocopynaturalwebs”可知，人类还没有复制自然的蜘蛛网，所以这对于人类来说还是一种秘密，故选C。二、2020年Cowboyshavelivedandworkedinthewestandsouth—westoftheUnitedStatesforoverthreecenturiesandtheyareafamoussymboloftheUSA．WhenyouwatchthoseoldHollywoodcowboyfilmsfromthefiftiesandsixties,youseeajob.Youseea9offreedomandadventure(冒险).However,therealjobofanAmericancowboyhasalwaysbeen10andsometimesdangerous.Itisphysicalwithlonghoursandlowpay.Lifehasn’t11muchforcowboyssincetheearlydays.Cowswalkacrosshugeplains(草原)to12thegrassandthecowboyridesonhishorsetobring13home.Likethecowboysofthepast,a21stcenturycowboy14getsupearlyonfreezingcoldmorningsandmakesbreakfastoverafire.Sowhydoesaman—becauseitisusuallyaman—becomeacowboy?Forsome,itisn'ta15,becausetheyarebornintothelife.Theyhaveworkedwith16sincetheywerechildren.They17thetraditionalcowboyculture:“It’sareallifeaboutyou,yourhorseandtheopen18.”Somepeoplechoosethejob19inlife.PathadanofficejobwiththeUSgovernmentwithhighpay,20hedidn’tlikecitylifeandspendingalldayinside.Sooneday,he21hisjobandmovedtoaranch(牧场)inTexas,makingmuchlessmoney22acowboy.Hewantedjobsatisfaction.Andforacowboy,jobsatisfactiondoesn’tcomefromthemoneyoracomfortableoffice.Itcomesfrombeing23towakeupundertheskyandbeingyourownboss.9．A．life B．place C．way D．day10．A．interesting B．boring C．hard D．easy11．A．got B．paid C．done D．changed12．A．catch B．eat C．touch D．take13．A．it B．him C．her D．them14．A．just B．still C．even D．never15．A．problem B．choice C．plan D．dream16．A．parents B．brothers C．cows D．sheep17．A．create B．miss C．love D．refuse18．A．country B．culture C．mind D．cowboy19．A．later B．early C．quickly D．suddenly20．A．so B．and C．since D．but21．A．lookedfor B．tookup C．gaveup D．caredabout22．A．for B．as C．with D．like23．A．relaxed B．slow C．late D．free【答案】9．A10．C11．D12．B13．D14．B15．B16．C17．C18．A19．A20．D21．C22．B23．D【解析】9．句意：你看到了一种自由和冒险的生活。life生活；place地方；way方法；day天。根据“freedomandadventure”可知此处用名词life表示“生活”。故选A。10．句意：然而，一个美国牛仔的真正工作总是很难的有时是危险的。interesting有趣的；boring无聊的；hard艰难的；easy容易的。根据“Itisphysicalwithlonghoursandlowpay”可知此处用形容词hard表示“难的”。故选C。11．句意：自从早期，牛仔的生活就没有什么改变。got得到；paid付款；done做；changed改变。根据“Likethecowboysofthepast”可知此处表示“没什么变化”用动词changed。故选D。12．句意：奶牛走过广阔的草原去吃草。catch赶上；eat吃；touch接触；take带走，花。根据cows和grass可知此处用动词eat表示“吃”。故选B。13．句意：牛仔骑在马上带它们回家。it它；him他；her她；them他们。根据cows可知此处用them表示“它们”指代那些奶牛。故选D。14．句意：像过去的奶牛一样，21世纪的奶牛仍在寒冷的早上早起，在火上做早饭。just只是；still仍；even甚至；never从不。根据“Likethecowboysofthepast”可知此处用副词still表示“仍旧”。故选B。15．句意：对一些人来说，这不是一个选择，因为出生如此。problem问题；choice选择；plan计划；dream梦想。根据“becausetheyarebornintothelife”可知此处用名词choice表示“选择”。故选B。16．句意：自从他们还是孩子的时候，就和奶牛一起工作。parents父母；brothers兄弟；cows奶牛；sheep绵羊。根据前文“Cowswalkacrosshugeplains”可知此处用名词cows。故选C。17．句意：他们爱这种传统的牛仔文化“这是你、你的马和旷野的真正生活。”create创造；miss错过；love爱；refuse拒绝。此处用动词love表示“热爱”。故选C。18．句意：他们爱这种传统的牛仔文化“这是你、你的马和旷野的真正生活。”country国家；culture文化；mind心理；cowboy牛仔。此处用opencountry表示“旷野”。故选A。19．句意：有些人是后来在生活中选择了这个工作。later后来；early早的；quickly快；suddenly突然。根据上一段“theyarebornintothelife”可知此处讲述的后来选择这个工作的人，用副词later。故选A。20．句意：帕特在美国政府有个办公室工作，有高薪，但是他不喜欢城市的生活，不喜欢一天都在室内。so因此；and和；since自从；but但是。此处表示转折，用连词but。故选D。21．句意：因此有一天，他放弃了他的工作，搬到德克萨斯州的牧场，作为牛仔赚着少很多的钱。lookedfor寻找；tookup占据；gaveup放弃；caredabout在意。根据hisjob可知此处指的是他放弃了政府的工作，用动词短语gaveup。故选C。22．句意：因此有一天，他放弃了他的工作，搬到德克萨斯州的牧场，作为牛仔赚着少很多的钱。for为了；as作为；with和；like像。根据acowboy可知此处用介词as表示“作为”。故选B。23．句意：它来自于在天空下自由的醒过来，成为你自己的主宰。relaxed放松的；slow慢的；late后来；free自由的。根据“wakeupundertheskyandbeingyourownboss”可知此处用形容词free表示“自由的”。故选D。三、2019年三、完型填空A)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bodyimage–thewaypeoplefeelabouttheirlooks–isabigproblemformanyyoungpeopletoday.Accordingtoa____9____,morethanhalftheteenagegirlsintheUSA.think___10___shouldbeonadiet(节食)andalmostoneinfiveteenageboysare___11___abouttheirbodiesandtheirweight.Butwhat’sthecause?Inthestudy,manyblame(责备)themedia(媒体).TomontheTVandyou’ll___12___seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___13___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,andit’susually___14___.Manyyoungpeoplefeelpressureto___15___these“perfect’people.Butformost,thisisjustnotpossible.IntheUSA.theaverage(平均的)womanis163cmtallandweighs64kilos,___16___theaveragemodelis180cmtallandweighs53kilos.Whenpeopledon’tlookthewaymany___17___peoplelook,theymaybecomelessconfident.Somestopeating_____18_____inordertoloseweight.Studentscanlosesomanyconfidencethattheystartto_____19_____takingpartinclassroomactivitiesatschool.Bodyimageproblemsdon’t_____20_____aswegetolder,either.IntheUK,forexample,womenover50spendmoremoneyoncosmetics(化妆品)thananyother_____21_____group.Oldermenspendalotofmoneytryingto_____22_____hairloss(损失).Isthereasolutiontotheproblem?A2016studyintheUKsuggestedthatbodyimagelessonsshouldbeprovidedin_____23_____.Othersbelieveit’saproblemthatallofsocietyneedstodealwith.AsMeaghanRamseysays,“Weneedtojudgepeoplebywhattheydo,notwhattheylooklike.”9.A.newspaper B.magazine C.study D.book10.A.we B.they C.you D.she11.A.confident B.sure C.worried D.happy12.A.probably B.hardly C.never D.finally13.A.Get B.Open C.Take D.Find14.A.thesame B.different C.special D.interesting15.A.lookafter B.lookfor C.lookat D.looklike16.A.because B.although C.but D.or17.A.kind B.strong C.young D.famous18.A.early B.properly C.slowly D.carefully19.A.enjoy B.stop C.finish D.forget20.A.come B.continue C.disappear D.happen21.A.age B.job C.hobby D.man22.A.make B.avoid C.refuse D.protect23.A.supermarkets B.streets C.parks D.schools9.【答案】C【解析】句意：根据一项调查。考查名词辨析和语境。根据newspaper报纸，magazine杂志，study调查，book书；根据morethanhalftheteenagegirlsintheUSA.think___2___shouldbeonadiet(节食)andalmostoneinfiveteenageboysare___3___abouttheirbodiesandtheirweight.可知是调查；故选C。10.【答案】B【解析】句意：美国一半以上的年轻女孩认为她们应该节食。考查人称代词和语境。根据we我们，they她们，you你，she她；根据morethanhalftheteenagegirls可知是她们；故选B。11.【答案】C【解析】句意：几乎五分之一的男孩担心他们的身体和体重。考查形容词短语。根据confident自信的，sure确信的，worried担心的，happy高兴的；根据Accordingtoa____1____,morethanhalftheteenagegirlsintheUSA.think___2___shouldbeonadiet(节食)andalmostoneinfiveteenageboys可知是beworryabout担心；故选C。12.【答案】A【解析】句意：你也许看见美丽的模特。考查副词辨析和语境。根据probably也许，hardly几乎不，never从不，finally最后；根据seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___5___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,和语境，可知是也许会看见；故选A。13.【答案】B【解析】句意：打开一本杂志。考查动词辨析和语境。根据Get得到，Open打开，Take带走，Find找到；根据you’ll___4___seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___5___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,和语境，可知是打开杂志也能看见；故选B。14.【答案】A【解析】句意：它通常是一样的。考查形容词辨析和语境。根据thesame一样的，different不同的，special特殊的，interesting有趣的；根据you’ll___4___seebeautifulmodels,handsomeactorsandfitsportsstars.___5___amagazineoranewspaper,lookthroughtheInternet,可知电视上，杂志上，网络上是一样的；故选A。15.【答案】D【解析】句意：看起来像这些完美的人许多年轻人有压力。考查动词短语和语境。根据lookafter照顾，lookfor寻找，lookat看，looklike看起来像；根据上文看电视美丽的模特和青少年减肥担心自己的体重，和Butformost,thisisjustnotpossible.IntheUSA.theaverage(平均的)womanis163cmtallandweighs64kilos,___8___theaveragemodelis180cmtallandweighs53kilos.可知是看起来像这些完美的人有压力；故选D。16.【答案】C【解析】句意：但是模特平均身高180cm,体重53公斤。考查连词和语境。根据because因为，although尽管，but但是，or或者，否则；根据IntheUSA.theaverage(平均的)womanis163cmtallandweighs64kilos,和theaveragemodelis180cmtallandweighs53kilos.之间是转折关系，表示但是；故选C。17.【答案】D【解析】句意：当人们看起来不是许多名人看起来的样子时，他们就失去自信。考查形容词辨析和语境。根据kind善良的，strong强壮的，young年轻的，famous著名的；根据上文年轻人想让自己看起来像模特、明星一样，可知是著名的人；故选D。18.【答案】B【解析】句意：一些人为了减肥停止正确地饮食。考查副词和语境。根据early早地，properly合适地，slowly慢地，carefully仔细地；根据inordertoloseweight.Studentscanlosesomanyconfidencethattheystartto____11____takingpartinclassroomactivitiesatschool.可知是为了减肥停止正确地饮食；故选B。19.【答案】B【解析】句意：学生失去太多的自信，以至于在学校他们开始停止参加教室活动。考查动词辨析和语境。根据enjoy喜欢，stop停止，finish完成，forget忘记；根据losesomanyconfidence可知是失去自信，所以停止参加活动；故选B。20.【答案】C【解析】句意：自我形体影像不会因为我们年龄的增长而消失。考查动词辨析和语境。根据come来，continue继续，disappear消失，happen发生；根据上文青少年注意自己的自我形体形象，和IntheUK,forexample,womenover50spendmoremoneyoncosmetics(化妆品)thananyother____13____group.Oldermenspendalotofmoneytryingto____14____hairloss(损失).可知是不会因为我们年龄的增长而消失；故选C。21.【答案】A【解析】句意：50多岁的女人比其他年龄的人群花更多的钱买化妆品。考查名词辨析和语境。根据age年龄，job工作，hobby爱好，man男人；根据Bodyimageproblemsdon’t____12____aswegetolder,either.可知是年龄；故选A。22.【答案】B【解析】句意：更老的男人花许多钱避免头发的损失。考查动词辨析和语境。根据make制造，avoid避免，refuse拒绝，protect保护；根据Bodyimageproblemsdon’t____12____aswegetolder,either.和womenover50spendmoremoneyoncosmetics(化妆品)thananyother____13____group.可知是避免掉发；故选B。23.【答案】D【解析】句意：自我形体影像课应该在学校被提供。考查名词辨析和语境。根据supermarkets超市，streets街道，parks公园，schools学校；根据上文青少年注意自我形体影像的问题和lessons，可知是在学校提供这样的课程；故选D。四、2018年三、完型填空A)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,evenpurplecomputers!Sopurpleisoneofthemost___9___colorstoday.Butinthepast,purplewasaveryexpensiveandunusualcolor.Let’stakealookattherich___10___ofthecolorpurple.SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsago___11___lookedpurple,notgreen.Plantstodayaregreenbecause___12___usegreenchlorophyll(叶绿素)toproduceenergy.___13___theseearlyplantsprobablyusedsomethingcalledretinal,whichisadarkpurplecolor.DuringthetimeoftheromanEmpire(37BC-476AD),itwasvery___14___tomakepurpledye(染料).Thedyecamefromseasnails(海螺).But10.000deadseasnails___15___youjustonegram(克)ofpurpledye…aswellasaverybadsmell!This___16___purpledyewascalledTyrianpurple,anditwasthepreferred___17___ofemperors.In16th--centuryEngland,purplewas___18___forthekingsfamilymembers.QueenElizabethIsclotheswerepurple,butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedto___19___thecolor.In1856.WilliamPerkin,an18-year-old___20___student,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment(实验).Thechemicals(化学药品)heusedtocleanhisinstruments___21___withthechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.This___22___Perkintostartacompanyusingthischemicalmixturetomakepurpledye.Thedyewasmuch___23___thanseasnaildye.ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.9.A.peacefulB.popularC.excitingD.serious10.A.historyB.styleC.researchD.product11.A.graduallyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.probably12.A.othersB.theyC.weD.some13.A.AndB.SoC.ButD.Until14.A.dangerousB.commonC.difficultD.strange15.A.gotB.passedC.wastedD.cost16.A.basicB.harmfulC.specialD.perfect17.A.colorB.smellC.plantD.animal18.A.evenB.neverC.seldomD.only19.A.wearB.sellC.changeD.make20.A.geographyB.scienceC.artD.math21.A.comparedB.mixedC.collectedD.kept22.A.surveyB.suggestionC.discoveryD.exam23.A.healthierB.thickerC.cheaperD.darker9.【答案】B【解析】句意：所以紫色是当今最流行的颜色之一。考查形容词辨析题。根据开头Therearepurpleclothes,purplehandbags,purplebicycles,purplefurniture,evenpurplecomputers!，可知紫色很流行，故选B。10.【答案】A【解析】句意：让我们来看看紫色的丰富历史。考查名词辨析题。根据下一段开头SomescientistsbelievethatthefirstplantstoappearonEarthover500millionyearsagoprobablylookedpurple,notgreen.，可知谈的是紫色的历史，故选A。11.【答案】D【解析】句意：5亿多年前出现在地球上的第一批植物可能看起来是紫色的，而不是绿色的。考查副词辨析题。A.gradually渐渐地；B.especially尤其；C.exactly真地；D.probably可能。本句表推测，需用probably；根据句意语境，可知选D。12.【答案】B【解析】句意：今天的植物是绿色的，因为它们用绿色的叶绿素产生能量。考查代词辨析题。空格指代上文的plants，复数形式，需用they；根据句意语境，可知选B。13.【答案】C【解析】句意：但是这些早期的植物可能使用了一种叫做视网膜的东西，它是一种深紫色。考查连词辨析题。空格前后是现在的和早期的对比，属于转折关系，需用but连接；根据句意语境，可知选C。14.【答案】C【解析】句意：在罗马帝国时期，很难制造紫色染料。考查形容词辨析题。根据下文Thedyecamefromseasnails.But10.000deadseasnailsgotyoujustonegramofpurpledye…10只死海蜗牛只得到一克紫色染料，可知很难得，故选C。15.【答案】A【解析】句意：染料来自海螺。但是10000只死海蜗牛只给了你一克紫色染料。考查动词辨析题。A.got得到；B.passed通过；C.wasted浪费；D.cost价值。根据句意语境，可知后面三项意思都与句意不合，故选A。16.【答案】C【解析】句意：这种特殊的紫色染料被称为提利紫色，它是皇帝的首选颜色。考查形容词辨析题。根据前文Thedyecamefromseasnails.染料来自海蜗牛，可知很特别，故选C。17.【答案】A【解析】句意：它是皇帝的首选颜色。考查名词辨析题。根据上文wascalledTyrianpurple，可知是颜色，A.basic基础的；B.harmful有害的；D.perfect完美的，均不合句意，可排除。故选A。18.【答案】D【解析】句意：在第十六世纪的英国，紫色只是为国王的家庭成员。考查副词辨析题。根据下文butordinarypeoplewerenotallowedtowearthecolor.普通人不允许穿这种颜色，可知是“只为王室”，故选D。19.【答案】A【解析】句意：但是普通人是不允许穿这种颜色的。考查动词辨析题。根据句意语境，可知wear符合句意，故选A。20.【答案】B【解析】句意：1856年，18岁的理科学生WilliamPerkin在做实验时注意到一些奇怪的东西。考查名词辨析题。根据下文Thechemicalsheusedtocleanhisinstrumentsmixedwiththechemicalsheusedinhisexperimentandproducedabrightpurplecolor.，两种化学药品混合产生了反应（产生紫色），可知做的是科学实验，故选B。21.【答案】B【解析】句意：他用来清洗仪器的化学药品与他在实验中使用的化学药品混合，产生了明亮的紫色。考查动词辨析题。mixwith（使）与……混合；根据句意语境，可知选B。22.【答案】C【解析】句意：这一发现使Perkin创办了一家用这种化学混合物生产紫色染料的公司。考查名词辨析题。根据上文WilliamPerkin,noticedsomethingstrangewhiledoinganexperiment.Perkin可知是在做实验时注意到的，所以是他的发现，故选C。23.【答案】C【解析】句意：这种染料比海螺染料便宜得多。考查形容词比较级。根据下文ThankstoPerkin,nowanyonecanaffordtowearpurpleclothes.任何人都买得起紫色衣服，可知更便宜，故选C。五、2017年三、完形填空（25分）280词数请选阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（每小题1分）Eachoneofussharesthisplanetwithsevenbillionothers.Andweallneed__36__.Peopleandproductsneedtomovefromcitytocityandcountrytocountry.However,weallknow__37__mostcars,motorcycles,boatsandplanescauseairpollution.Theyarealso__38___.Thisisaseriousprobleminmanycities.___39__inventorsarecomingupwithcreativeideastotrytoreducethepollutionandnoise.Inmanycitiesaroundtheworld,motorcyclesarevery___40___.NowVietnamhasaround33millionmotorcyclesandChinahasalmost120million.Motorcyclesareafasterandcheaperwaytogetaroundacitythan___41___.Yetairpollutionisagrowingproblem.Inlargecities,people__42___itisdifficulttobreathe.Tosolvetheseproblems,aU.S.companydesignedanenvironmentallyfriendlymotorcycle.Ituseselectricityasfuel(燃料).Asaresult,thereis__43___pollution.It’salsoquietandfast.Thismakes____44___agoodchoiceforgettingaroundacity.TheItaliancityofVeniceisacitywithonlyafew___45___.Therearenocarsinthecitycenter.__46___cars,watertaxisandbusescarrypeoplealongthecity’scanals(运河).However,theycausepollution,____47__tothewater.EnglishengineersDickandJemdesignedasolar-powered(太阳能）watertaxi.Thewatertaxi___48____runforadayafterbeingrecharged（充电）.Planesalsocauseairandnoisepollution.Designinganenvironmentallyfriendlyairplaneisareal__49____.Someairplanecompanieshave____50___tosolvetheproblems.Swissengineershavegoneonestepfurther.Theydevelopedasolarairplane.Thisplaneholdstheworldrecordforthelongestsolar-poweredflight-1,541kilometersfromArizonatoTexasinAmerica.36.A.air B.food C.transportation D.communication37.A.how B.why C.when D.that38.A.noisy B.dirty C.fast D.expensive39.A.Since B.So C.Because D.Although40.A.popular B.valuable C.dangerous D.safe41.A.bikes B．subways C.buses D.cars42.A.explain B.complain C.doubt D.promise43.A.much B.some C.no D.more44.A.them B.you C.us D.it45.A.rivers B.roads C.tourists D.people46.A.Insteadof B.Thanksto C.Becauseof D.Asfor47.A.probably B.only C.especially D.hardly48.A.must B.can C.should D.need49.A.question B.job C.decision D.challenge50.A.disagreed B.refused C.started D.remembered【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，通过介绍当今交通工具造成了空气污染、噪音污染及水污染等，告诉我们为了减少这些污染，人们设计了环保型摩托车、太阳能水上出租车及环保型飞机以及与这些交通工具有关的一些事情。36.C【解析】考查名词辨析。air“空气”；food“食物”；transportation“运输工具”；communication“通讯”。根据下句Peopleandproductsneedtomovefromcitytocityandcountrytocountry.（人和物品需要从一个城市运到另一个城市和从一个国家运到另一个国家。）可知，“我们都需要运输工具。”transportation符合题意。故选C。37.D【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。how“如何；怎样”；why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；that无词义，引导的宾语从句为陈述句。根据句子However,weallknow__37__mostcars,motorcycles,boatsandplanescauseairpollution.（然而，我们都知道大部分汽车、摩托车、船和飞机都引起空气污染。）可知，know是谓语动词，所以后面是宾语从句，且宾语从句是陈述语序，所以引导词用that。故选D。38.A【解析】考查形容词辨析。noisy“吵闹的”；dirty“脏的”；fast“快的”；expensive“昂贵的”。根据下文___39__inventorsarecomingupwithcreativeideastotrytoreducethepollutionandnoise.（所以发明家提出了创造性的想法来减少污染和噪音。）可知，句子Theyarealso__38___.的意思是“它们也很吵。”noisy符合题意。故选A。39.B【解析】考查连词辨析。since“既然；自从”，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句；so“因此；所以”，引导结果状语从句；because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。分析Thisisaseriousprobleminmanycities.___39__inventorsarecomingupwithcreativeideastotrytoreducethepollutionandnoise.可知，前后是因果关系，所以用so。故选B。40.A【解析】考查形容词辨析。popular“受欢迎的；流行的”；valuable“有价值的”；dangerous“危险的”；safe“安全的”。根据下句NowVietnamhasaround33millionmotorcyclesandChinahasalmost120million.（现在越南有大约3300万辆摩托车，中国有近1亿2000万辆。）可知，摩托车现在很流行，句子Inmanycitiesaroundtheworld,motorcyclesarevery___40___.的意思是“在世界各地的许多城市，摩托车很流行。”popular符合题意。故选A。41.D【解析】考查名词辨析。bikes“自行车”；subways“地铁”；buses“公共汽车”；cars“汽车”。根据句子Motorcyclesareafasterandcheaperwaytogetaroundacitythan___41___.（摩托车比汽车环游大城市更快、更便宜。）可知，摩托车与汽车相比较更快、更便宜，cars符合题意。故选D。42.B【解析】考查动词辨析。explain“解释”；complain“抱怨”；doubt“怀疑”；promise“许诺”。根据句子Inlargecities,people__42___itisdifficulttobreathe.可知，因为呼吸困难，所以大城市里，人们抱怨。complain符合题意。故选B。43.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。much“大量的”；some“一些”；no“没有的”；more“更多的”。根据上句Ituseselectricityasfuel(燃料).（它用电作为燃料。）可知，这种环保型摩托车用电作为燃料，所以没有污染。句子Asaresult,thereis__43___pollution.的意思是“因此，没有污染。”no符合题意。故选C。44.D【解析】考查人称代词辨析。them“它们”；you“你/你们”；us“我们”；it“它”。根据上句It’salsoquietandfast.（它也安静而快捷。）可知，句子Thismakes____44___agoodchoiceforgettingaroundacity.的意思是“这使环保型摩托车成为环游城市的一个好的选择。”此处人称代词代指“环保型摩托车”，所以用it。故选D。45.B【解析】考查名词辨析。rivers“河流”；roads“公路”；tourists“游客”；people“人们”。根据下句Therearenocarsinthecitycentre.（市中心没有汽车。）及威尼斯是水上城市可知，句子TheItaliancityofVeniceisacitywithonlyafew___45___.的意思是“意大利的威尼斯是一个仅有几条公路的城市。”roads符合题意。故选B。46.A【解析】考查短语辨析。insteadof“代替……；而不是……”；thanksto“多亏了”；becauseof“因为”；asfor“至于”。根据句子__46___cars,watertaxisandbusescarrypeoplealongthecity’scanals(运河).可知，水上出租车和公共汽车代替汽车沿着运河运送人们。insteadof符合题意。故选A。47.C【解析】考查副词辨析。probably“可能”；only“仅仅；只有”；especially“尤其”；hardly“几乎不”。根据句子However,theycausepollution,____47__tothewater.可知，however“然而”，表示转折关系，they指水上出租车和公共汽车，句意为：然而，它们造成污染，尤其对水。especially符合题意。故选C。48.B【解析】考查情态动词辨析。must“必须；一定”；can“能；会”；should“应该”；need“需要”。根据句子Thewatertaxi___48____runforadayafterbeingrecharged（充电）.可知，充电后水上出租车运行一天是能力，所以用can。故选B。49.D【解析】考查名词辨析。question“问题”；job“工作”；decision“决定”；challenge“挑战”。根据句子Designinganenvironmentallyfriendlyairplaneisareal__49____.及常识可知，“设计环保型飞机是真正的挑战。”challenge符合题意。故选D。50.C【解析】考查动词辨析。disagreed“不同意”；refused“拒绝”；started“开始”；remembered“记住”。根据下句Swissengineershavegoneonestepfurther.（瑞士的工程师们已经向前迈出了一步。）可知，一些航空公司已经开始解决这些问题。started符合题意。故选C。南昌市中考一模二、完型填空Itonlytakesonepersontomakehugechangesinacommunity(社区).MargieRichardisoneofthesepeople.SheisagreatBlackenvironmentalactivist(活跃分子).Shehasworkedformanyyearsto9herhometown.ShehasalsohelpedotherBlackcommunitiesfightagainst10pollution.Eventoday,Blackpeoplearemorelikelythanwhitepeopletoliveinneighborhoodswith11levelsofairpollution.Theseneighborhoodsare12nearfactoriesthatpollutetheair.Thispollutioncausespeopleinthesecommunitiestoget13.Richardsfightsagainstbigcompaniesthat14thesefactories.Shewantspeopleinthesecommunitiestobeabletobreathecleanairandlive15lives.First,Richardspoketoscientistsandenvironmentalists.Shehadtoprove(证明)thatthe16waspollutingtheair.Aftermorethan13yearsofhardwork,Richardandothersputtogetherareport.Thisreportprovedthatthefactory172millionpoundsofharmfulchemicalsintotheaireachyear.Richardspoketothemedia(媒体)aboutthe18ofthisairpollution.Sheconvinced(使……信服)manypeople19thecountry.Theyhelpedspreadhermessage.Finally,theoilcompanyagreedtohelppeopleinOldDiamond.Thecompanypaidpeoplemoneytomoveawayfromthefactory.Italsoworkedto20itsfactoriestobelessharmfultotheenvironment.MargieRichardbelievesthereisstillalongwaytogo,21shecontinuestohelpothercommunitiesfightagainstpollutionfrombigcompanies.Shewantstogether22outtotheworld.Sheremindspeoplethat23canchangetheircommunity.Theyjusthavetospeakupandtakeact