人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 1 Section A知识点梳理

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?SectionA一般过去时定义:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态时间状语：lastsummer/month/week/year/nightyesterday/yesterdaymorning/twodaysago/in2020/justnow/thedaybeforeyesterday不规则动词的过去式am/is—wasare—weredo/does—didgo—wentbuy—boughtswim—swammeet—metsee—sawtake—tookfeed—fedfeel—felthave—hadeat—ateride—rodeget—gotbring—broughtforget—forgotstay—stayedstudy—studiedstop—stoppedP11.--Wheredidyougoonvacation?--I(go)tothemountains.我去了山区。这是一个特殊疑问句,由特殊疑问词＋助动词＋主语＋动词+其它?构成。由于是询问已发生的动作,所以助动词用过去式did,其后的动词用原形。gotothebeachgotothebeach/mountions/farm/library/去海边/山区/农场/图书馆gotosummer/winnercamp去夏/冬令营gocamping去野营gotoNewYorkCity去纽约市gotoCenteralPark去中心公园goonvacation去度假gotothemovies去看电影gotothemovies去看电影2.visit(拜访)myunclevisit(参观)museumsvisitor(游客)3.stayathome待在家stayuplate熬夜studyfortestsP2(2b)Didyougowithanyone?anyone复合不定代词，意为“有人，任何人”，相当于anybody,常用于否定句或疑问句中，代替someone/somebody，肯定句中用someone。eg.Didanyonecallmejustnow?Someoneisknockingatthedoor.当anyone/anybody表示“任何人”时，可用于肯定句。eg.Anyonecancomeheretoattendtheparty.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?adj.修饰anyone,someone,anything,something等不定代词时，adj.要后置。eg.Didyoumeetanyoneinteresting? Didyoudoanythinginteresting?anything,something,nothing和everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。buysb.sth=buysth.forsb.给某人买某物eg.Mymotherboughtmeabicycle.=Mymotherboughtabicycleforme.P2(2d)Longtimenosee.好久不见。此句话用于交际用语中，是老朋友好久不见时的寒暄语。Didyougoanywhereintresting?somewhere意为“在某处”，常用于肯定句中，anywhere意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。everywhere意为“到处；各个地方”，相当于hereandthere。Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.我们在那里拍了不少照片。quiteafew相当多；不少修饰可数n.复数quitealittle许多修饰不可数n.quitealotof许多修饰可数n.复数/不可数n.quitealot许多修饰v.takephotos拍照takeaphoto/photosofsb./sth给某人拍照quite相当修饰adj.quitetired9.Notreally.=Notmuch./Nothingmuch.没什么。10.mostofthetime意为“大部分时间”其中most为代词，意为“大多数”。mostof...意为“……中的大多数”，其后既可以跟可数n.复数或不可数n.也可跟代词。它作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于mostof后的名词或者代词。eg：Mostofusaregoingtothepark.我们大多数人要去公园。Mostofthefoodgoesbad.大部分的食物都变质了。most用作adj.意为“大多数的；大部分的”。eg：Mostchildrenlikeplayingfootballverymuch.大部分的孩子非常喜欢踢足球。P3(3a)11.复合不定代词的用法thing(指物)one(指人)body(指人)wheresome某物/事某人某人某地any任何事任何人任何人任何地方every每件事每个人每个人到处no什么也没有没人没人在这些复合不定代词中，除noone以外，其他都要写成一个词。不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。eg.Everyoneisexcellent.adj.修饰不定代词，要放在其后(需后置)Iwanttodosomethinginteresting.nothing=notanythingeg.Iboughtnothing.=Ididn’tbuyanything.Iwouldlikesomethingtodrink.(v.不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词)12.Howdidyoulikeit?你觉得它怎么样？常用来询问对方对某人或某事物的看法Howdoyoulikeit?Whatdoyouthinkofit?Howdoyoufeelaboutit?Howisit？13.Whydon’tyoudosth.?=Whynotdosth?14.goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing/camping15.Ofcourse.=Sure./Certainly.16.反身代词的用法单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称herself/himself/itselfthemselves反身代词多用于v.或prep后作宾语，强调某人自己，反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语保持人称和数的一致。eg.IteachmyselfEnglish.含反身代词的常用词组：teachoneself自学learn...byoneself自学……byoneself独自enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeself随便用/吃P3(3b)17.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.唯一的问题是晚上除了读书没什么事可做。nothingmuchtodo意为“没什么事可做”，其中todo作后置定语，修饰nothing.but作介词的用法“除......之外”18.seem的用法seem作系动词,意为“好像；似乎；看来”,其后常接形容词作表语。eg.Heseemsbored.seemtodosth.似乎/好像做某事eg.Heseemstokonweverything.Itseemsthat...看起来好像...eg.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.19.形容词的-ed与-ing形容词的-ed形式用来修饰人/人做主；形容词的-ing形式用来修饰物/物做主interestingboringexcitingsurprisingrelaxinginterestedboredexcite