北京东城55中学2025届高考适应性考试英语试卷含解析

北京东城55中学2025届高考适应性考试英语试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Didn’tyougofishingwithyourfriendslastSunday?—No.I______tothenursinghomeasusual.A．went B．go C．havegone D．hadgone2．Havingpicturestocolorwillkeepchildren______forhours.A．amused B．amusingC．amuse D．toamuse3．Tomakeextra-classeducationrunontherighttrack,Chinaistightening_____ofafter-schooltraininginstitutions.A．applicationB．regulationC．adaptationD．cooperation4．--Whataboutthetwoofusgoingdowntown?--___________.Ihatespendingtimehangingaround.A．Thatsuitsmefine B．WhynotC．Itdependsontheweather D．Well,that'sthelastthingIwilldo5．Morethanonedoctor_____involvedintherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake．A．wasB．isC．wereD．are6．HewasadmittedtoHarvardUniversity,________wasjustwhathisparentsexpected.A．who B．whichC．what D．where7．_________therequirementissethigh,itisablessingforChinesestudentsthatCambridgeUniversityusesscoresonGaokaoaspartofitsadmissioncriteria.A．As B．While C．Once D．Where8．——Davidshouldlietohisbestfriendinordertogetthewell-paidjob!——Itistypicalofhimbecausehe________.A．isfacinghisWaterlooB．isvisuallychallengedC．hascast-ironnervesD．worshipsthegoldencalf9．—Iamgainingweight.Ineedtoseeadoctor.—ButIthinkyoueattoomuch.___________.A．Neglectofhealthisdoctor’swealth B．Laughatyourills,andsavedoctors’billsC．Dietcuresmorethanthedoctor D．Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway10．Youwon’tfindpapercuttingdifficult_____youkeeppracticingit.A．evenifB．aslongasC．asifD．eversince11．—FlightMU257_______________.Imustbeoffnow.—Haveanicetrip.A．isbeingannouncedB．hasannouncedC．wasannouncingD．hadbeenannounced12．Hewouldbeinbetterhealthnow_______withtoomuchworkwhenyoung.A．hadhenotburdenedhimself B．ifhewasnotburdenedC．werehenotburdened D．hadhenotbeenburdenedhimself13．Uponenteringa“newera”,whatwenowfaceisthe_______betweenunbalancedandinadequatedevelopmentandthepeople’sever-growingneedsforabetterlife.A．administrationB．violationC．contradictionD．presentation14．Justasthefamousman_____it,“Anythingonemancanimagine,othermencanmake____real.”A．says,it B．put,/ C．says,/ D．put,them15．—That'sthethirdtimeyou'vedonethat!—Yeah,_____?A．whatofitB．what’sonC．whataboutD．whatfor16．Weallsighedwith________reliefwhen________planefinallylandedsafely.A．a;/ B．/;theC．a;a D．a;the17．Duetothereformandopening­up,ourlivingconditions,undoubtedly,haveimproved________overthepastdecades.A．considerately B．approximately C．appropriately D．considerably18．—Heisgoodatalotofthingsbutitdoesn’tmeanheisperfect.—___________Actuallynooneis.A．What’sgoingon? B．Let’sgetgoing.C．Thankgoodness. D．I’mwithyouonthat.19．Maryreallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.A．worked B．hasbeenworkingC．hadworked D．hasworked20．theirfinalmedicalcheck,theastronautsboardedtheirspacecraft． A．Received B．Beingreceived C．Toreceive D．Havingreceived第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）DearStudents,Iamdelightedtobeyourguest.Iwouldliketotellyouaboutmyself.Ihavebeenanewsreporterforthepastfifteenyears.IchosethisjobsoIcouldtraveltheworld,butthejobhastaughtmemanyunforgettablelessons.Theworkissometimesdifficult.Ihaveseenfamines,wars,earthquakes,povertyanddeath.ButIhavealsoseencourage,hopeandhappiness.InIndia,Ivisitedacitywherethereweremanyhomelesschildren.Somewereasyoungasfouryearsold.Theylivedinthestreetsandsurvivedbybeggingorstealing.ButthenawonderfulladycalledRosaopenedahomeforthem.Withinoneyear,shewaslookingaftertwohundredchildren.Sheclothedthem,fedthem,andtaughtthem.Shegavethemhope.Anothertime,IwasinTurkeyafteraterribleearthquake,inoneplace.Ifoundanoldladywhosehousewasinruins,hersonwasmissingandrescueworkerssaidtherewasnochancethathewasstillalive.Buttheoldladydidnotgiveuphope.Forfourdays,shemovedheavystonesoneatatimebyherself.Shedidnotstopuntilshefoundherson.Hewasalive.HereinChina,Imetayoungboywithaseriouscondition.Hehadundergonetwentyoperationsandspentnearlyhiswholelifeinhospital.Ithoughthewouldbesad,butwhenImethim,hissmilewassowarmandwelcoming.Inlife,weneedrolemodelsthatwecanadmireandlearnfrom.Whenmylifeisdifficult,Itrytorememberthecourageandgoodnessofthesethreepeople.1、Thespeakerisgivingaspeechtostudentsin__________.A．India B．Canada C．Turkey D．China2、Theunderlinedword“famine”inParagraph2means__________.A．extremelackoffood B．joy C．luck D．pleasure3、WhatcanwelearnaboutRosa?A．She’sarichladyandshelikestohelpthehomelesschildren.B．She’sagreatmotherandshelooksafterthehomelesschildren.C．She’sakind-heartedwomanandsheprovideshousesforthehomelesschildren.D．She’sagoodteacherandsheteachesthehomelesschildren.4、ForwhatdoesthespeakeradmiretheTurkishwomanandtheChineseboy?A．Theirbravery. B．Theirluck. C．Theirage. D．Theirstrongmind22．（8分）Ifyou’veevernoticeduneasinessinyourpuppyaroundanunwelcomehouseguest，youmightbeontosomething．Anewstudyfoundthatdogscanreallysensebadbehaviorinhumans，andarelesslikelytoaccepttreatsfromthosepeople．Forthestudy，whichwaspublishedintheJanuaryeditionofNeuroscience&biobehavioralReviews，researcherssetupasceneinwhichadogwatchedhisownertrytoopenacontainerwhiletwoactorswereonset．Inaseriesofthreetriesoneoftheactorswouldhelptheowneropenthecontainer，respondneutrally(中立地)，orrefusetohelpopenthecontainer．Theotheractorrespondedpassivelyinallthreetries．Ateachendofthetry，bothactorswouldofferthedogatreatatthesametime．Inthetrieswheretheworkingactorhadrespondedeitherhelpfullyorneutrally，thedogwasequallylikelytoacceptatreatfromeitherofthetwoactors．Inthethirdtrywherehehadrespondedrudely，thedogwasmorelikelytochoosethepassiveactor．JamesAnderson，apsychologistwhoworkedonthestudyatKyotoUniversity，toldtheNewScientistthatthedogsmostlikelyhaveasimilarabilitytonoticebadbehaviorinhumansashumanbabiesdo．“Ifsomebodyisbehavingbadly，theyprobablyendupwithsomesortofemotionalreactiontoit,”hesays．Babieshavebeenshowntobegintomakethesetypesofconnectionsaroundageone．Sowhileyoucan’taskyourdog’sopinioneverytimeyou’refacingadifficultsituation，youcanconsiderhisjudgmentofyournewfriendswhenthinkingaboutwhethertheyarekindornot．Ofcourse，we’11suggestdoingsoaccordingtothesituationandyourownconsideration，butitwouldn’thurttotakenote!1、Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyshow?A．Dogscanreadhumans’thoughts．B．DogsareunwillingtoaccepttreatsfrompeopleC．Dogscansenseunfriendlinessofhumans．D．Dogsfeeluneasyaroundstrangepeople．2、Inthethirdtry，whywasthedogmorelikelytochoosethepassiveactor?A．Thedogwantedtopleasehim．B．Histreatsappearedmoreattractive．C．Hisactionstayedthesameduringthreetries．D．Thedogconsideredtheotheractorrude．3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword”they”inParagraph3referto?A．Humans．B．Dogs．C．Babies．D．Psychologies．23．（8分）Smile!Itmakeseveryoneintheroomfeelbetterbecausethey,consciouslyorunconsciously,aresmilingwithyou.Growingevidenceshowsthataninstinctforfacialmimicry(模仿)allowsustoempathizewithandevenexperienceotherpeople’sfeelings.Ifwecan’tmirroranotherperson’sface,itlimitsourabilitytoreadandproperlyreacttotheirexpressions.AreviewofthisemotionalmirroringappearsonFebruary11inTrendsinCognitiveSciences.Intheirpaper,PaulaNiedenthalandAdrienneWood,socialpsychologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin,describehowpeopleinsocialsituationscopyothers’facialexpressionstocreateemotionalresponsesinthemselves.Forexample,ifyou’rewithafriendwholookssad,youmight“tryon”thatsadfaceyourselfwithoutrealizingyou’redoingso.In“tryingon”yourfriend’sexpression,ithelpsyoutorecognizewhatthey’refeelingbyassociatingitwithtimesinthepastwhenyoumadethatexpression.Humansgetthisemotionalmeaningfromfacialexpressionsinamatterofonlyafewhundredmilliseconds.“Youreflectonyouremotionalfeelingsandthenyougeneratesomesortofrecognitionjudgment,andthemostimportantthingthatresultsinisthatyoutaketheappropriateaction—youapproachthepersonoryouavoidtheperson,”Niedenthalsays.“Yourownemotionalreactiontothefacechangesyourperceptionofhowyouseethefaceinsuchawaythatprovidesyouwithmoreinformationaboutwhatitmeans.”Aperson’sabilitytorecognizeand“share”others’emotionscanbepreventedwhentheycan’tmimicfaces.Thisisacommoncomplaintforpeoplewithmotordiseases,likefacialparalysis(瘫痪)fromastroke,orevenduetonervedamagefromplasticsurgery.Niedenthalnotesthatthesamewouldnotbetrueforpeoplewhosufferfromparalysisfrombirth,becauseifyou’veneverhadtheabilitytomimicfacialexpressions,youwillhavedevelopedcompensatorywaysofinterpretingemotions.Peoplewithsocialdisordersassociatedwithmimicryoremotion-recognitiondamage,likeautism(自闭症),canexperiencesimilarchallenges.“Therearesomesymptomsinautismwherelackoffacialmimicrymayinpartbeduetolimitationofeyecontact,”Niedenthalsays.Niedenthalnextwantstoexplorewhatpartinthebrainisfunctioningtohelpwithfacialexpressionrecognition.Abetterunderstandingofthatpart,shesays,willgiveusabetterideaofhowtotreatrelateddisorders.1、Accordingtothepassage,facialmimicryhelps________.A．experienceone’sownfeelingsclearly B．changeothers’emotionsquicklyC．respondtoothers’expressionsproperly D．developfriendshipwithotherseasily2、WecanknowfromParagraph4and5that________.A．peoplewithmotordiseasesmayalsosufferfromautismB．peoplebornwithfacialparalysismaystillrecognizeemotionsC．peoplewithsocialdisorderscan’thaveeyecontactwithothersD．peoplereceivingplasticsurgeryhavedifficultyinmimickingfaces3、AccordingtoNiedenthal,thenextstepofthestudywillfocuson________.A．howwecantreatbraindisordersB．whatcanbedonetoregainfacialmimicryC．howourbrainhelpsuswithemotionalmirroringD．whatpartofourbrainhelpsrecognizefacialexpression4、Thepassageiswrittento________.A．discusshowpeoplereactpositivelytoothers’smilesB．drawpeople’sattentiontothosewithsocialdisordersC．introduceanewtrendinfacialexpressionrecognitionD．explainhowemotionalmirroringaffectspeople’sempathy24．（8分）There’sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoo—that’swhyitmadeNov16“InternationalDayforTolerance”.Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?FrenchphilosopherVoltaire(1694—1778)cangiveussomehelp.Accordingtohim,tolerance“istheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneachother’sfolly—thatisthefirstlawofnature.”Nobody’sperfect.Whenwe’retemptedtocriticizeanotherperson,weshouldperhapsrememberourownimperfectionsfirst.Veryoften,peopledon’trealizethatthey’reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN’scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon’tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.It’sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”.Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe’respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn’tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere’ssomethingwrongwiththem.Butitseemswrongthatpeopleshouldagreeto“tolerate”peoplewithblackskin,forexample.Andshouldwomenthinktheyhavereceivedtherespecttheyareduewhenmenagreeto“tolerate”them?Still,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.That’sthereasonweshouldbetolerant.It’salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.BobMarleyunderstoodthis.Inthesongmentionedabove,headvised:“Writeyourloveonarocksoitstaysforeternity;writeyourhateinthesandsothewaveswillwashitaway.”1、AccordingtoVoltaire,toleranceis________.A．beingwillingtoexpressyourlovetoothersB．tryingtoovercomeyourimperfectionsC．givingahandtovulnerablegroups(弱势群体)D．acceptingeachother’sweaknesses2、Whyarepeopleusuallyunawareoftheirintolerance,accordingtothearticle?A．Theyareusedtofindingfaults.B．Theyconsidertoleranceakindoffrailty.C．Theydon’tseethingsfromtheangleofothers.D．Theyareintolerantofthemselvestoo.3、Inwhatsenseis“tolerance”similarto“generosity”?A．Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.B．Humanslearnedtofindfaultsinothers.C．Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers.D．Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.4、Theunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphrefersto________.A．givingthingstoothers B．forgivingothersC．differentattitudestowardloveandhate D．thefactthathumansareimperfect5、What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．TheoriginoftheInternationalDayofTolerance.B．Themeaningandimportanceoftolerance.C．ThephilosophybehindBobMarley’ssong.D．Effectivewaystoshowtolerance.25．（10分）Thisyearpromisestobeanexcitingonefortechnologyandscience.There’saline-upofgreatproductsforyoutolookforwardto.TheAirBoard1.0TheAirBoard1.0isafantasticnewwaytogetaround.Theboardworkswhenyoustepontothepressurepads.Toturn?Allyouhavetodoismoveyourweighttotheleftorright.Itcantravelatthespeedof10milesanhourandittakesonehourtobefullycharged.Thepowerwilllastforabouttenmiles.TheOculusRiftHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldwalkthroughtheworldofyourgames，seeingthingsasyourcharacterswould?Well,nowyoucan.ThiscleverheadsetRiftallowsyoutoseetheworldofyourgamesin3-D．TheMiitoTheMiiloisperfectforallhomes,andespeciallythosewholiketocarefortheenvironment.Ithasbeencalled“thekettleofthefuture”.TheMiitoisdesignedtoheatupthewaterinanycontainer.Youcanfillacupwiththerightamountofwaterandplaceitontothekettle.Afterplacingtherodintothewater,therodwouldheatupandsowouldthewater.Theproductdoesn’tonlywater.Theyalsosaveelectricity.TheClick&GrowAreyouthekindofpersonwhoenjoysusingherbsandspices(香料)whencooking?TheClickAGrowmakessurethatyoualwayshavefreshandwell-grownherbsorotherplantswheneveryouneedthem.Itisself-watering.anditalsohasanLEDlightthatmakessuretheplantsgrowfastandhealthy.1、HowcanyougettheAirboard1.0started?A．Bychargingitallthelime.B．Bytravellingatacertainspeed.C．Byapplyingpressuretothepads.D．Bypushingitfromthelefttotheright.2、Whichisconvenientandenergy-saving?A．TheClick&Grow. B．TheAirBoard1.0.C．TheOculusRift. D．TheMiito.3、WhowouldbemoreinterestedintheClick&Growl?A．Farmers. B．Housewives.C．Doctors. D．Gardeners.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Thelittleboyturnedtotheoldwomannexttohim,‘‘Granny,areyousureIdon’thaveenoughmoney?’’Shenodded.Thelittleboywasstill1thedoll(洋娃娃)inhishand.Iwalkedtowardhim,2whohewishedtogivethisdollto.“Sister.ShewassurethatSantaClauswouldbringadolltoher.”ItoldhimthatmaybeSantaClauswoulddoso.Butherepliedtome3.“No,SantaClaus(圣诞老人)can’tbringittoher4sheisnow.Ihavetogivethedolltomymommysothatshecangiveittomysisterwhenshe5there.MysisterhasgonetobewithGod.DaddysaysthatMommyisgoingtoseeGodverysoontoo,6Ithoughtshecouldtakethedollwithhertogiveittomysister.’’Thelittleboylooked7atme,“ItoldDaddytotellMommynottogoyet.IneedhertowaituntilIcomebackfromthemall.I8shedidn’thavetoleaveme,butDaddysaysthatshehastogotobewithmylittlesister.”Thenhelooked9atthedollwithsadeyes.Iquickly10formywallet.“Let’scheckagain,justincaseyoudohaveenoughmoneyforthedoll!”“OK.IhopeIdohaveenough.”Iaddedsomeofmymoneyto11withouthimseeingandwestartedtocountit.Therewasenoughforthedolland12somesparemoney.“ThankyouGodforgivingmeenoughmoney!”Helookedatmeand13,“IwantedtohaveenoughmoneytobuyawhiteroseformyMommy,butIdidn’tdaretoaskGod14toomuch.ButHegavemeenoughtobuythedollandawhiterose.Mymommyloveswhiteroses.”15Irememberedalocalnewspaperarticletwodaysago,mentioningadrunkmaninatruckhitacar16byayoungwomanandalittlegirl.Thelittlegirl17rightawayandthemotherwas18Twodays19thisencounter(偶然相遇)withthelittleboy,Ireadinthenewspaperthattheyoung20hadpassedaway.1、A．raising B．holding C．hiding D．tearing2、A．considering B．understanding C．watching D．asking3、A．proudly B．hurriedly C．sadly D．angrily4、A．where B．what C．who D．when5、A．comes B．finds C．goes D．leaves6、A．so B．for C．but D．as7、A．down B．on C．to D．up8、A．think B．wish C．imagine D．find9、A．then B．sadly C．again D．now10、A．reached B．looked C．searched D．charged11、A．myself B．him C．his D．them12、A．still B．yet C．also D．even13、A．nodded B．added C．laughed D．showed14、A．to B．for C．in D．on15、A．Now B．Therefore C．However D．Then16、A．occupied B．controlled C．attacked D．owned17、A．left B．died C．came D．killed18、A．knocked B．treated C．left D．kept19、A．after B．since C．until D．before20、A．man B．girl C．boy D．woman第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1．Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight2．(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombine(组合)varioushardwoodsandmetal3．(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksfor5000years.Peopleprobablycooked4．(they)foodinlargepots,usingtwigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,as5．populationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6．(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,7．livedfromroughly551-479B．C．,influencedthe8．(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand9．(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10．theirhands.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSaturday,Mumgavemetwoticketsforafilm.Althoughshewastoobusytogowithme,shetoldmetoselltheextraticketifpossibly.AtthegateofthecinemaImetahandsomeyoungmanwhowasofferedtohavethem,buthehadonlyan100-yuannote.Heaskedmetowaitawhileforhimchangeitinthecinema’sstore.Withoutmuchthinking,Iagreed.HewalkedsofastthatIcouldhardkeepupforhim.Soonhedisappeared.Istoodtherewithoutknowinghowtodo.SuddenlyIrealizedthehandsomeyoungfellowhascheatedme.Hehadsavedmoney,butlosthishonor.第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）(一)根据提示翻译句子1.海洋生物对人们有益。2.许多海洋生物处于危险之中。它们面临各种威胁，比如，污染和过度捕捞。3.所以我们应该采取措施保护海洋生物；否则，我们就会失去它们。4.政府应该制定严格的法律惩罚那些非法捕捞和买卖海洋生物的人。5.人们应该努力保护海洋资源，减少人类活动对海洋动物的威胁和影响。6.通过这些措施，我认为生活在海洋里的美丽海洋生物会有一个光明的未来。加入适当过渡词，联句成篇___________________________________________________________________