专题11 9BU1-U4一轮复习-2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习（牛津译林版）

专题119BU1-U4一轮复习9BUnit1知识点知识点1：It’stiringtoclimbthestepsandmyfeethurt.tiring:adj.使人疲劳的，累人的。用来修饰事物。【例句】Climbingthestepsistiring.betiredof……对……感到厌倦;tireout使精疲力竭（tiresbout）过去分词tired:adj.劳累的，疲倦的。用来修饰人。【例句】Aftertwodays’work,I’mtirednow.hurt:此处用作不及物动词，表示“感到疼痛；疼痛”，应用感到疼痛的具体部位作主语。【例句】Shewantedtoseethedoctorbecauseherbackhurt.hurt还可用作及物动词，表示“伤害（感情）；使受伤”，常表示肉体上、感情上或精神上受到伤害。【例句】Myyoungerbrotherfelloffthebikeandhurthimself.辨析：hurt,injure,与woundhurt常指（小刀等）弄伤；（语言等）伤害injure(在车祸等事故中)受伤wound(在战斗中)负伤Ihurtmyfingeryesterday.Theboyinjuredhisleginthetrafficaccident.Tensoldierswoundedinthebattle.知识点2：We’dbetterkeepmoving.we’dbetter是wehadbetter的缩写形式。hadbetter意为“最好”。hadbetterdosth.“最好做某事”，是向他人提建议的常用结构，better后接动词原形，此结构无人称和数的变化，其否定式为hadbetternotdosth.【例句】We’dbettergothereearlier.You’dbettercatchabus.【例题】Youlooktired.You’dbetter__A__agoodrest.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.tostophavingkeepmoving,“继续前行”。keepdoingsth“继续（重复）做某事”，也可写作keepondoingsth.【例句】Keepsmiling!Don’tkeeponaskingmethesamequestion.【拓展】keepsbfromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，注意：from不可省略。与stop/preventsb（from）doingsth同义，此处from可省略。【例句】Weshouldkeepfromteenagersfromsmoking.知识点3：Wakemeuponyourwayback.onone’s/theway意为“在……的途中”，是固定短语。其后若接地点名词时，应用onone’s/thewayto……，意为“在某人去……的路上/在去……的路上”。【例句】Onmywaytoschool,Imetanoldfriendofmine.【拓展】如果后面是here,there,home等副词，则省略to.【例句】Onthewayhome,Ifoundawallet.【拓展】与way有关的其他短语：inthisway;intheway;bytheway;alltheway;inaway知识点4：I’mplanningtotravelaroundChina.plan(planning,planned,planned)此处用作动词，意为“计划，打算”。plantodosth“计划做某事”【例句】TomplannedtotravelaroundEurope.【拓展】plan还可以用做可数名词“计划”，makeplans/aplanforsth为……制定计划。【例句】Haveyoumadeplansforyourweekend?知识点5：Sinceyou’reinBeijingnow,whydon’tyoustartfromhere?1.since此处用作连词，意为“”由于；因为，引导原因状语从句，注意：since不能用于回答why引导的特殊疑问句。【例句】Sinceheinvitedus,weshouldtakepartintheparty.【拓展】(1)since还可以用作介词，意为“自……以后”，其后接“过去时间点”或“一段时间+ago”用于现在完成时或过去完成时的句子中。【例句】We'velivedheresince1998.He’dbeenoffsince3yearsago.since还可以用作连词，意为“自……以后；自……以来”，后接一般过去时态的句子。【例句】Ihaven’tseenhimsinceheleftschool.It’sfiveminutessincethefilmbegan.“Whydon’tyou+动词原形”？常用来提出自己的建议，意为“你为何不……呢？”相当于“Whynot+动词原形？”【例句】Whydon’tyouhaveacupofcoffee?=Whynothaveacupofcoffee?【例题】---Ihearthere’sagoodFrenchrestaurantnearby.Whynot__A__thereforlunch？---Yeah,let’sgo.A.goB.goingC.togo知识点6：ChinaoperaisakindoftraditionalChineseart,andBeijingoperaisoneofthemostpopular.kind此处用作可数名词，意为“种，类”。【例句】Thereareallkindsofclothesintheshop.【拓展】有关“kind”的词组：akindof……一种……all/different/manykindsof……各种各样的/不同种类的/许多种kindof=alittle/bit稍微，有点儿【拓展】(1)kind还可以用作形容词，意为“仁慈的；和蔼的；好意的；友善的”，常用在It’s+adj.+ofsb.todosth.句式中，用于描述人物的性格特征。【例句】It’sverykindofyoutohelpmesomuchwithmyEnglish.kind的名词形式为kindness,意为“好意”。oneofthemostpopular意为“最受欢迎的（中国戏曲）之一”，此处popular之后省略了复数名词Chineseoperas,为“oneofthe+形容词的最高级+复数名词”结构，意为“……中最……的之一”。【例题】---It’soneofthe__B__thingsintheworldtostaywithfriends.---Iagree.Italwaysmakesusrelaxed.worstB.happiestC.busiestD.hardestpopular形容词，意为“受欢迎的；流行的”，可用作定语或表语，常构成固定短语bepopularwith.【例句】Thesongispopularwithyoungpeople.知识点7：Youcangoandenjoyit.enjoy为及物动词，意为“喜欢，享受……的乐趣”，后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式。【例句】SomestudentsenjoyaskingquestionsinEnglish.【拓展】enjoyoneself意为“过得愉快，玩得高兴”，相当于haveagoodtime/havefun.【例题】MyoldneighborCharlesenjoys__C___photos.Healwaysgoesoutwithhiscamera.A.takeB.totakeC.takingD.took知识点8：Thankyouforyoursuggestions.thanksb.for……因……而感谢某人，for是介词，其后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式。【例句】Thanksforyourhelp.Thankyouforsendingmesoniceapresent.【例题】Thanksfor___C_mewithmyscience.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.yourhelpsuggestion可数名词，意为“建议”。【例句】CouldyougivemesomesuggestionsonhowtolearnEnglish?【拓展】suggest动词，意为“暗示，表示”，其后可接名词或从句。还可意为“建议；提议”，其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式。【例句】Hispalefacesuggestsbadhealth.（暗示，表示）Myfriendsuggestedgoingforatrip.（建议）知识点9:InthemiddleoftheancientcityofBeijingisthePalaceMuseum,alsocalledtheForbiddenCity.inthemiddleof意为“在……的中间”。【例句】--Thereisaholeinthemiddleoftheroad.辨析：inthemiddleof与inthecenterof(1)inthemiddleof指“在……（时间、长度、过程等）的中间”，可用于谈论时间，如inthemiddleofnight;也可用于指狭长之物，如：inthemiddleoftheline.inthecenterof则强调“在中心，在中央”。【例句】Iliveinthecenterofthecity.知识点10:TheemperorsoftheMingandQingdynastiesusedtolivethere.Usedtodosth.意为“过去常常做某事”，是固定结构，其中used是动词use的过去式。【例句】Iusetoplayfootballafterschool.---Didyouusetolistentomusicbeforeclass?---No,Ididn’t.辨析：usedtodosth;beusedtodosth;与beusedtodoingsth.usedtodosth.意为“过去常常做某事”，指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对比。【例句】Thereusedtobemanydinosaursmillionsofyearsagoontheearth.beusedtodosth.意为“被用来做某事”，用来表示事物的用途，相当于beusedfordoingsth.【例句】Penscanbeusedtowrite.=Penscanbeusedforwriting.beusedtodoingsth.意为“习惯于做某事”【例句】Theyareusedtowalkingaftersupper.【例题】Sheusedto_D___abustoschool,butnowsheisusedto____toschool.A.taking;walkB.take;walkC.taking;walkingD.take;walking知识点11:Withwonderfulbuildingsandarttreasuresinside,itiswellworthavisit.beworth意为“值得”，其后常接名词或动词-ing形式。【例句】Itcanbeworththeefforthowever.Thisideaiswellworthconsidering.知识点12:Manytouristsliketogatherthereearlyinthemorningtowatchtheraisingofthenationalflag.raising为不可数名词，意为“升高；增加；提高”。Hepitchedintotheideaofraisingtaxes.【拓展】raise可用作及物动词，意为“提高；收集；养育”。Sheraisedherheadandwentoutwithoutaword.Theoldmanoftenraisesmoneyforcharity.Mymotherwasanamazingwoman.Sheraisedfourofuskidsvirtuallysingle-handedly.知识点13:Itwasonceaniceplacefortheemperorstospendthesummer.spend(spent,spent)此处用作及物动词，意为“度过”。常构成固定搭配(1)spendtime(in)/money(on)doingsth.花费时间/金钱做某事;spendtime/moneyonsth.在某物上花费时间/金钱。注意句子的主语应当是sb.【例句】MyfatherspentthewholedayfishingonthebeachlastSunday.Hespent＄67onhisnewcoat.辨析：spend,pay,take,costspend(spent,spent)主语是sb.“花费”对象为时间/金钱spendtime(in)/money(on)doingsthspendtime/moneyonsthpay(paid,paid)主语是sb.“花费”对象为金钱pay(money)forsth.take(took,took)主语是it.“花费”对象为时间Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosthcost(cost,cost)主语是sth.“花费”对象为金钱Sth.cost(s)sb.somemoney【例题】Moststudentsspendtoomuchtime_A___computergames.A.playingB.playC.playsD.played知识点14:AnotherfamousattractionistheGreatWall.another在此处用作限定词，意为“又一，再一”，泛指三者或三者以上的另一个。其后可接单数名词、“of+复数名词”或“基数词+复数名词”。【例句】Weneedanothercomputer.We’vestillgotanotherfortymilestogo.注意：another+基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词【例句】Iwanttoeatanothertwoapples.=Iwanttoeattwomoreapples.famous形容词，意为“著名的，出名的”。同义词：well-known.【例句】Sheisafamoussinger.【拓展】(1)befamousfor“以……著名”。【例句】ChinaisfamousfortheGreatWall.befamousas“以……（身份）著名”。【例句】YaoMingisfamousasabasketballplayer.知识点15:Itrunsforover6,000kilometersacrossnorthernChina,withwatchtowerseveryfewhundredmeters.across此处用作介词，意为“横过”。【例句】Hewalkedacrossthefield.辨析:across与through（这两个词均意为“穿过”，但是具体含义不同）across表示“横穿；穿过”，着重指从物体表面的一边到另一边，也就是与说从物体的表面穿过，含义与on有关。【例句】Theyswamacrosstheriver.Through意为“穿过”，指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头，也就是说从物体的内部空间穿过、穿越，含义与in有关。【例句】Hewentthroughtheforest.【例题】Beforethebridgewasbuilt___C___theriver,thevillagershadtotakeaboattotheotherside.A.inB.besideC.acrossD.Along9BUnit2知识点Hebecameinterestedinflyingwhenhetookhisfirstflightattheageofsix.become/beinterestedin对...感兴趣近义词组”take/haveaninterestin”interested/interesting/interest区别interested是形容词，“感兴趣的”，常作表语，主语是人，beinterestedin（doing）sth.对（做某事感兴趣）。interesting是形容词，“有趣的”，作表语或者定语，主语是物。interest是名词，“兴趣”，可作主语、宾语等，take/haveaninterestin对...感兴趣。Armstrongjoinedthenavyin1949andservedasapilotforthreeyears.join此处作为及物动词，“参加，加入”join/join(...)in/takepartinjoin指加入党派、团体、人群等，成为其中一员takepartin侧重参加群众性、集体性活动并在其中起积极作用例：He__C___anEnglishclublastyearandhasimprovedhisEnglishatectedB.producedC.joinedD.receivedHeflewover1,100hoursandtestedalltypesofaircraft.alltypesof“各种类型的，形形色色的”Helikesalltypesofmusic.However,ontheirwaybacktotheEarth,thespacecraftbeganspinningoutofcontrol.onone’swaybackto...”在某人返回...的途中”onmywaytothesupermarket,Imetmybestfriend.outofcontrol“失去控制”Armstrongreceivedtheordertocuttheflightshort.cut...short“缩短”,还有“剪短”“中断；突然停止”的意思I’llcutthelongstoryshort.HesuccessfullybroughtthespacecraftdownintothewesternPacificOcean.bringdown”使（飞机）降落”，还有“减少（价格），使跌落”，“打垮；击败”的意思western“向西的；西部的；西方的；西方国家的”常见方位形容词：eastern;southern;northern;northeastern;northwestern;southeastern;southwesternOn20July1969,Armstrongbecamethefirstmantowalkonthemoon.thefirstonetodo第一个做某事的人Amyisalwaysthefirstonetogettoschool.TogetherwithBuzzAldrin,helandedthespacecraftApolloontheMoon.togetherwith”和...一起”谓语动词与连词前一部分的主语保持一致的连词：with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except(but0,including谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致的连词：either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等。Hesaidthefamouswords”onesmallstepfor(a)man,onegiantleapformankind”ashesteppedoutontotheMoon’ssurface.giant”巨大的，伟大的’leap”跳跃，跃升，激增”过去式及过去分词：leapt，leapt或者leaped,leapedsteponto”步入，踏上”10.TheycollectedMoonrockstotakebacktotheEarthforfurtherresearch.Earth,名词，“地球”，需加定冠词“the”onearth“到底，究竟”，用于what，when等疑问词之后；“世界上”，用于最高级之后，以加强语气further“更远的；更深一层的”，最高级：furthestfarther/further表距离时能互换，表“更进一步，更多，此外”等引申义时只能用furtherHewastheprideofthewholeworld.theprideof”...的骄傲”pride,名词，自豪;骄傲beproudof”以..为自豪”proud形容词，“骄傲的，自豪的”同义短语：takepridein12.apieceofpaperthatshowsyouareallowedtodosomethingbeallowedtodosth“被允许做某事”allowsbtodosth“允许某人做某事”turningroundandroundquicklyroundandround“旋转不息的；一圈一圈地”Theearthturnsroundandround.sawpeopledieofhunger,sobeganresearchintohybridricedieof“因...而死”die不及物动词，过去式、过去分词都为died，现在分词为dying.名词形式为death,形容词形式为dead。dieof/diefromdieof强调内因，如疾病、年老、悲伤等。diefrom强调外因，如灾害、事故等。thisnewtypeofhybridricewasintroducedintotheUSAbeintroducedinto”被引入，传入”PandashavebeenproducedintoothercountriesfromChina.9BUnit3知识点知识点1：Theycoulddodangerousjoblikeputtingoutfiresorworkingonhighbuildings.P37putout意思为“扑灭，熄灭”，当人称代词做宾语时，代词应该放在中间。例：Thefirewasputoursoon.火很快被熄灭了。Sheputitoutatlast.最后她把它熄灭了。与put相关的短语：puton穿上；上演putup挂起，举起；粘贴putaway把….收起来（放好）putoff推迟，延迟putdown把..放下来知识点2：IhavetobuyarobotsothatIcanhavemorefreetime……P38Sothat意思“便于，目的是”，引导目的状语。常与情态动词can/could/may/might连用，sothat也可以引导结果状语从句。例：ItookataxisothatIcouldgetthereearlier.我乘坐一辆出租车以便早点到那儿。Hespokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhimclearly.他大声说话，以便大家都能听清楚。例题：Theteacheraskedmetoreadaloud__A____allthestudentscouldhearme.AsothatBforCbecauseDinorderto知识点3：Thatmadehimveryhappy.P38makesb+adj意思“使某人处于…（状态）之中”，此处形容词作宾语补足语。例：Wewilltryourbesttomaketheroomcleanandbeautiful.我们会尽力让这个房间变得干净漂亮。Don’tmakehimunhappy.别让他不高兴。makesb(not)dosth意思“让某人（不）做某事”，make后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。例：Myparentsmakemestudyallday.我父母整天让我学习。知识点4：WhileMr.Jiangwasatwork,therobotwoulddoallthehousework.P38atwork意思“在工作”，介词at具有“正在进行，从事…”的含义，表示处于某种状态之中。其结构为“介词+名词”。类似的用法：atschool在上学onbusiness在出差onholiday在度假inclass在上课知识点5：Afterdinner,therobotwouldtidyup.P38tidyup意思“收拾，整理”，当人称代词做宾语时，代词应该放在中间。例：Pleasetidyupyourbooks.请把你的书收拾起来。Yourbedroomisverydirty.Whynottidyitup.你的卧室很脏，为什么不收拾一下。知识点6：ThatallowedMr.Jiangtodowhateverheliked.P38allowsbtodosth.“允许某人做某事”被动语态：beallowedtodosth例：Myparentsdon’tallowmetogooutatnight.我父母不允许我晚上出去。Wearenotallowedtoeatintheclassroom.不准我们在教室里吃东西。allowdoingsth“允许做某事”，allow后面不可以直接加动词不定式作宾语。例：Dotheyallowsmokingintheshop?他们允许在商店里吸烟吗?Wedon’tallowdrivinginthepool.我们不允许在游泳池内跳水。知识点7:ItseemedthatingeneraltherobotsatisfiedMr.Jiang’sneeds.P39Itseems/seemedthat+从句“似乎….”例：Itseemedthatheatesourapples.似乎他吃了酸苹果。Itseemsthathehasalotoffriends.似乎他有很多朋友。拓展：seem+动词不定式常与Itseemsthat…句型转换。Heseemstohavealotoffriends.似乎他有很多朋友。seem(tobe)+adj似乎，看来Heseems(tobe)happy.他好像很开心。2）ingeneral总的来说，大体上例：Ingeneral,yourspeechisgood.总的来说，你的演讲很好。Ingeneral,it’sagoodplacetovisit.总的来说，那是个游览的好地方。3）satisfy动词使…满意满足Parentsalwaystrytosatisfytheirchildren’sneeds.父母总是尽力满足孩子的需求。Thatanswerwon’tsatisfyher.那个答案不会使她满意。besatisfiedwith对…感到满足例：I’msatisfiedwiththeserviceofthiscompany.我对于这家公司的服务感到满意。4）need此处用作可数名词，常用复数形式，表示需求。例：Whatareyourneeds?=Whatdoyouneed?你需要什么？Fivehundredyuanamonthwillmeetmyneeds.一个月500可以满足我的需求need相关的表达：inneedof需要needtodosth需要做某事needdosth（need做情态动词）需要做某事知识点8：Afterafewcomfortableweeks,however,thingsstartedtogowrong.P391）afterafewcomfortableweeks几周舒适的生活之后，与afewcomfortableweekslater同义。例：Aftertwodays,heleftforLondon.=Twodayslater,heleftforLondon.两天后，他出发去了伦敦。例题：_C__theexam,wewillsaygoodbyetoourdearteachers,classmatesaswellasourbeautifulschool.AInBForCAfterDThrough2）gowrong出错，出现问题例：Somethinghasgonewrongwiththemachine.机器出毛病了。知识点9：Therobotcaughtavirusandnolongerworkedproperly.P39catchavirus感染病毒，多用于电脑，机器人例：Mycomputercaughtavirus.Itdidn’twork.我的电脑中病毒了，他不运转了。2）nolonger不再相当于not…anylonger例：Youarenolongerachild.=Youarenotachildanylonger.3）properly副词正确地，适当地例：Ican’tspeakEnglishproperly.我说不好法语。知识点10：Itbegantomakestupidmistakes.P39makemistakes或者makeamistake犯错例：Howcanyoumakeamistakelikethat?你怎么能犯那种错误呢？拓展：bymistake无意中，（由于疏忽）错误地例：Itookyourumbrellabymistakeyesterday.昨天我错拿了你的雨伞。mistakesb/sthfor把某人/某物误认为….Don’tmistakemeforlily.I’mLucy.不要把我错认为是莉莉，我是露西。知识点11：….hewouldfindhisflatinacompletemess.P391)inacompletemess乱作一团，一塌糊涂Theofficewasinacompletemess.办公室一塌糊涂。2）complete此处是形容词，意思是完全的，彻底的，complete还有完整的意思。Heisacompleteillboy.他是个彻头彻尾的坏蛋。IhaveacompletesetofShakespeare’splays.我有一套莎士比亚戏剧全集。Complete还有完成的意思Completethesentenceswiththewords.用这些单词完成句子。3）mess是可数名词inamess杂乱不堪Thekitchenwasinamess.厨房又脏又乱。9BUnit4知识点知识点1：Ourownplanet,theEarth,isbecomingmoreandmorecrowdedandpollutedbecauseoftherapidincreaseinpopulation.P52moreandmorecrowded越来越拥挤，结构为“比较级+and+比较级”，意思是越来越….;若形容词的比较级是加more构成的，则用“moreandmore+形容词”表示“越来越….”Hebecomesfatterandfatter.他变得越来越胖。Chinaisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.中国正变得越来越漂亮。2）polluted形容词被污染的动词pollute污染名词为pollution意思是污染物，污染Ifwedrinkthepollutedwater,wemaygetill.如果我们喝了这些被污染了的水，我们可能会生病。Wemustn’tpollutetheenvironment.我们一定不能污染环境。There’salotofpollutionintheairhere.这里的空气有大量的污染。3）rapid形容词快的，迅速的HemaderapidprogressinEnglish.他在英语方面取得了很快的进步。知识点2：Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,bytheyear2100,thejourneymightonlytakeabout20minutesinspacecraftthattravelatthespeedoflight.P52withthedevelopmentof….随着…的发展develop动词发展，形成developing形容词发展中的adevelopingcountry发展中国家developed形容词发达的adevelopedcountry发达国家2）atthespeedof为固定短语以…的速度Thatnighthedrovethecaratthespeedof200kmperhour.那天晚上他以每小时200千米的速度驾驶。类似的短语：atthepriceof以..的价格atahighprice高价atalowcost低成本atfull/highspeed全速/高速知识点3：Foodwillprobablybeintheformofthepillsandwouldnotbesotasty.P52intheformof为固定短语，以…的形式Shetoldherpasttousintheformofstory.她以故事的形式将她的故事讲给我们听。Hemadehersuggestionintheformofaquestion.她以提问题的形式提出建议。2）tasty形容词美味的，可口的比较级tastierThefishisverytasty.taste尝起来后接形容词Thistomatotastessweet.这个西红柿尝起来是甜的。知识点4：ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthree-eighthsofthatontheEarth.P531)three-eighths意思为八分之三，分数和名词搭配时，做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式看of后面的名词而定，如果名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，如果名词是单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。Onethirdofthewaterisdirty.三分之一的水是脏的。Twothirdsoftheworkersinourfactoryareyoungpeople.我们厂三分之二的工人是年轻人。例题：About___B__oftheearth_____coveredwithwater,butwehavelessandlessavailablefr