重庆市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2024年重庆一中高2026届高二上期半期考试英语试题卷英语试题卷共9页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3．考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatshouldthemandotosavehisplant?A．Giveitmorefood.B．Giveitlesswater.C．Giveitlesssunlight.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisshortwithdarkhair.B．Shehasacousinwithgoldenhair.C．Shedreamedofmakinghairchanges.3．Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A．Addhertothelist.B．Bookaticketforher.C．Giveheraphonenumber.4．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoingrightnow?A．Attendingaparty.B．Goingfoodshopping.C．Searchingforaparkingspace.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirplansforthefuture.B．Afriendoftheirs.C．Amoviecharacter.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whycan’tthemanusehisownphone?A．Ithasrunoutofbattery.B．Hehaslostitsomewhere.C．There’saproblemwiththescreen.7．Howdoestheapphelpthewomansleep?A．Itplaysrelaxingmusic.B．Itblocksoutthebluescreenlight.C．ItpreventsInternetuseintheevening.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Hehasatemperature.B．HeisstrugglingtosaveenergyC．Heistoocoldtodohiswork.9．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?.A．Inanoffice.B．Inthewoman’shouse.C．Inaschool.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A．Startingworkingfromhome.B．TakingbettercareoftheirhealthC．Discussingtheissuewiththeleader.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Howdothespeakersfeelnow?A．Bored.B．Disappointed.C．Excited.12．Whatisprobablythewoman’smaininterest?A．Gardening.B．Toyhouses.C．Modeltrains.13．Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?A．Gotothebathroom.B．Getsomethingtoeat.C．Buythetickets.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Strangers.C．Teacherandstudent.15．Whatmonthisitnow?A．September.B．October.C．November.16．Whatsportwasthemaninvolvedin?A．Football.B．Swimming.C．Basketball.17．Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttobeinthefuture?A．Anartist.B．Anathlete.C．Adoctor.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．WhodidthespeakergototheAICanteenwith?A．Afamilymember.B．Alocalfriend.C．Abusinesspartner.19．Whatisonedisadvantageofthecanteenaccordingtothespeaker?A．Itlackedhumanemotions.B．Therewasn’tmuchchoice.C．Thefooddidn’ttasteverynice.20．HowmanypeoplecantheAIsystemserveinaday?A．100．B．200．C．300．第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。APeoplehavebeenrecyclinghouseholdwasteforroughlytwodecades.Nevertheless,someuncertaintyexistsregardingwhichitemsarerecyclableandwhicharenot.Astechnologyprogresses,anincreasingnumberofitemshavebeerecyclable.COFFEECAPSULESOnaverage,Australiansareusingmorethanthreemillioncoffeecapsulesperday,andabout1.5millionhouseholdshaveautomaticcoffeemachines.Whilethecapsulesaredisastrousfortheenvironment,theycanstillberecycled.Nespressooffersafreereturnprogramandhasdropofflocations,allowingyoutobringthecapsulestoNespressostoresfordisposal(处理).LIGHTBULBSInsteadofdiscardinglightbulbsinthetrash,somelocalgovernmentsrunrecyclingcenters,whereyoucanplacesuchitems.Ifyouregularlyrecyclehouseholdglass,kindlyremembertowashtheglassandremoveanylidsbeforehand.PIZZABOXESNormallypizzaboxesdon’tmakeitintorecyclingbecausethey’recoveredingrease(油脂)andleftoverbitsofcheese.Whenapizzaboxistoooily,itwon’tbetakentoarecyclingprocessingplant.Ifpossible,removeasmuchoftheleftoversasyoucanbeforerecycling.Ifthepizzaboxcan’tberecycled,tearoffthelidwhichcanstillberecycled.HOUSEHOLDBATTERIESHouseholdbatteriescanalsoberecycled.Batteriesthatdoendupinlandfillscancauseaseriousproblemtotheenvironmentastheycanreleasepoisonouschemicalsintothesoilwhichareharmfultobothhumansandanimals.Buttoncellbatteries,whichareusedinhearingaidsandwatches,canalsoberecycled.1.HowdoesNespressohelpwiththecoffeecapsules?A.Byofferinggoodcoffeeforfree.B.Bycollectingcapsulesforrecycling.C.Byexchangingcoffeemachinesregularly.D.Bywarningpeopleoftheharmofcoffeecapsules.2.Whatdopeopleneedtodofirsttorecyclepizzaboxes?A.Washthemmanytimes. B.Dropoffboxesatthepizzashop.C.Takethemtothelocalgovernment. D.Cleartheleftoversasmuchaspossible.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Health. B.Entertainment. C.Environment. D.Culture.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要列举了一些可以回收利用的生活垃圾。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nespressooffersafreereturnprogramandhasdropofflocations,allowingyoutobringthecapsulestoNespressostoresfordisposal(处理).(Nespresso咖啡机提供免费退还计划，并设有放置地点，允许您将胶囊带到Nespresso商店进行处理。)”可知，Nespresso通过收集胶囊回收利用来帮助处理咖啡胶囊。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Ifpossible,removeasmuchoftheleftoversasyoucanbeforerecycling.(如果可能的话，在回收之前尽可能多地清理残留的饭菜。)”可知，要回收比萨盒子，首先就要尽可能将盒子上残留的饭菜清理干净。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Peoplehavebeenrecyclinghouseholdwasteforroughlytwodecades.(大约二十年来，人们一直在回收生活垃圾。)”、第二段“Whilethecapsulesaredisastrousfortheenvironment,theycanstillberecycled.(虽然这些胶囊对环境是灾难性的，但它们仍然可以回收利用。)”、第三段“Insteadofdiscardinglightbulbsinthetrash,somelocalgovernmentsrunrecyclingcenters,whereyoucanplacesuchitems.(一些地方政府没有把灯泡扔进垃圾桶，而是开设了回收中心，你可以把这些东西放在那里。)”和最后一段“Batteriesthatdoendupinlandfillscancauseaseriousproblemtotheenvironmentastheycanreleasepoisonouschemicalsintothesoilwhichareharmfultobothhumansandanimals.(最终被填埋的电池会对环境造成严重问题，因为它们会向土壤中释放有毒化学物质，对人类和动物都有害。)”可知，文章主要讲述了对一些对环境有害的生活垃圾的回收利用。故选C。BMycuriosityaboutbodylanguagestartedwithaparticularprofessorfrommyuniversity.Onabriskmorning,asheplayfullypointedoutmytendencytorubmynosewheneverIwoveexcusesforbeinglatetohislectures,hefascinatedmewiththegrippingnotionof“Pinocchio”.Actually,whensomeonetellsalie,theperson’sbloodrushestothenoseandtheextrabloodmakesititchy(发痒的).Thislittleexampleofnonverbalmunicationinspiredmetobeeabodylanguageexpert.Now,Iearnmylivingbytrainingpeopleinnonverbalmunication.Knowingwhensomeoneislyingandknowinghowtopersuadepeopleyou’retellingthetrutharetwoofthemostimportantskillsyou’lleverlearn.Ihavespentalotoftimestudyingthewaysthehumanbodygivesmorereliableinformationthanthewordswespeak.Thewordssayonethingbutthebodymaysaysomethingpletelydifferent.Weknowthatcrossedarmscanbeseenaseitherdefensiveoraggressive,butwhataboutfacialexpressions,posturesandgestures?Allofthesesayalotandcanonlybeunderstoodifyouknowhowtomakesenseofthesigns.BusinessclientsarealwaysinneedofmyservicesandItrytoimprovetheirconfidencebyteachingthemaboutbodylanguage.Igiveadviceabouthandshakes,whichshouldalwaysbefirmandsteady,andIteachtheimportanceofpersonalspace.Theymayseemlikeminormatters,butthesecodesofbehaviourcanbethekeytomakingorbreakingabusinessdeal.Myworkinglifegivesmeagreatdealofsatisfaction.IfeelthatI’mprovidingapublicservice,butitisaservicethathashaditsdownside.WheneverImeetsomeonenewandItellthemwhatIdoforaliving,theyimmediatelyputtheirguardupandthey’renolongerrelaxed.TheyquiteliterallyfreezeintheattempttohideallthesignalsthattheythinkI’mreading.Itmakeslifedifficultattimes,butIconsideritasmallpricetopayforajobIenjoysomuch.4.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningtheauthor’sprofessorinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowhowhumoroushisprofessorwas.B.Tointroducewhattheconceptof“Pinocchio”is.C.Todescribehowinterestinghisuniversitylifewas.D.Toexplainwhatencouragedhimtopickhiscareer.5.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Crossedarmsalwaysindicatedefensiveness.B.Understandingbodylanguagerequiresspecificskills.C.Spokenwordsaremoretrustworthythanbodysignals.D.Facialexpressions,postures,andgesturesconveyinsignificantinformation.6.Whydopeopleactinanunusualwayafterknowingtheauthor’soccupation?ATheybelieveheisstudyingthem. B.Theyconsiderhimaggressive.C.Theydon’tlikehisservice. D.Theyarerootedinshock.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisjob?A.Stablebutdifficult. B.Flexiblebutdemanding.C.Fulfillingbutchallenging. D.Innovativebutfastpaced.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为研究肢体语言的专家，作者论述了肢体语言的重要性，并提到这份特别的工作对自己的影响。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Mycuriosityaboutbodylanguagestartedwithaparticularprofessorfrommyuniversity.Onabriskmorning,asheplayfullypointedoutmytendencytorubmynosewheneverIwoveexcusesforbeinglatetohislectures,hefascinatedmewiththegrippingnotionof“Pinocchio”.Actually,whensomeonetellsalie,theperson’sbloodrushestothenoseandtheextrabloodmakesititchy(发痒的).Thislittleexampleofnonverbalmunicationinspiredmetobeeabodylanguageexpert.Now,Iearnmylivingbytrainingpeopleinnonverbalmunication.(我对肢体语言的好奇始于我大学里的一位教授。在一个清爽的早晨，他开玩笑地指出，每当我为他上课迟到编借口时，我就会蹭鼻子。他用“匹诺曹”这个扣人心弦的概念吸引了我。事实上，当一个人说谎时，血液会涌到鼻子上，多余的血液会让鼻子发痒。这个非语言交流的小例子激励我成为一名肢体语言专家。现在，我通过培训人们的非语言沟通来谋生)”可知，作者大学时的一位教授从作者的肢体语言中发现了他在撒谎，这激起了作者研究肢体语言的兴趣。由此推知，作者提到教授是为了解释什么鼓励他选择自己的职业。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Allofthesesayalotandcanonlybeunderstoodifyouknowhowtomakesenseofthesigns.(所有这些都说明了很多，只有你知道如何理解这些符号，你才能理解它们)”及本段介绍了一些体态语表示的内容可知，理解肢体语言需要特定的技能。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WheneverImeetsomeonenewandItellthemwhatIdoforaliving,theyimmediatelyputtheirguardupandthey’renolongerrelaxed.TheyquiteliterallyfreezeintheattempttohideallthesignalsthattheythinkI’mreading.(每当我遇到一个新朋友，我告诉他们我是做什么的，他们就会立刻提高警惕，不再放松。他们真的会愣住，试图隐藏他们认为我在读的所有信号)”可知，接触作者的人听说他的职业后会表现得不自然，是因为他们觉得作者会研究他们。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Myworkinglifegivesmeagreatdealofsatisfaction.(我的工作生活给了我很大的满足)”及“Itmakeslifedifficultattimes,butIconsideritasmallpricetopayforajobIenjoysomuch.(这有时会让生活变得困难，但我认为这是为我喜欢的工作付出的小小代价)”可知，作者的工作让作者很有满足感，但有时候会有挑战。故选C。CDuringthe1960s,whileresearchingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChrisencounteredamysterythat,surprisingly,hadneverbotheredanyonebefore:hewasunabletolocatethepark’svolcano.IthadbeenwellestablishedforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that’swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChriscouldn’tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,onlythinkoftheclassiccone(圆锥体)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptinglava(岩浆)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,withafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknownsortofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesevolcanoesaresopowerfulthattheyexplodeinonelargecrack,leavingahugeholecalledacaldera.Yellowstoneclearlybelongedtothissecondsort,butChriscouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhighaltitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceenlargementforoneofthevisitors’centers.AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.8.WhatconfusedChriswhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?A.Itssteamyfeatures. B.Itsgeographicdiversity.C.Themysteryofitshistory. D.Thelocationofitsvolcano.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thetypesofvolcanoes.B.Theprocessoflavaeruption.C.Theimpactofvolcanoforming.D.TheexperienceofaMexicanfarmer.10.Whatmadeitdifficultforpeopletofindthecaldera?A.Thecaldera’ssize. B.NASA’sequipment.C.Visitors’carelessness. D.Yellowstone’shistory.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Yellowstone’sHiddenTreasure.B.TheMagicalBirthofYellowstone’sVolcano.C.Yellowstone’sHiddenCalderaRevealedbyNASA.D.TheDiscoveryofYellowstone’sMissingMountain.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二十世纪六十年代BobChristiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Duringthe1960s,whileresearchingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChrisencounteredamysterythat,surprisingly,hadneverbotheredanyonebefore:hewasunabletolocatethepark’svolcano.(在20世纪60年代，BobChristiansen在研究黄石国家公园的火山历史时，遇到了一个以前从未困扰过任何人的谜团：他无法找到公园里的火山。)”可知，Christiansen在研究黄石公园时，火山的位置让他困惑。故选D项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,onlythinkoftheclassicconeshapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptinglavapilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,withafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknownsortofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesevolcanoesaresopowerfulthattheyexplodeinonelargecrack,leavingahugeholecalledacaldera.Yellowstoneclearlybelongedtothissecondsort,butChriscouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.(当我们谈到火山时，大多数人只会想到富士山或乞力马扎罗山的经典锥形，这是熔岩喷发时堆积起来的。它们的形成速度非常快。1943年，一位墨西哥农民惊讶地发现，他的一小块土地上冒出了烟。不到一个星期，他就成了一个500英尺高的圆锥体。不到两年，它的顶峰已经达到了近1400英尺，直径超过了半英里。地球上总共有大约一万个这样的火山，其中有几百个已经不再喷发了。然而，还有另一种不太为人所知的火山，它与造山活动无关。这些火山非常强大，它们在一个大裂缝中爆炸，留下一个巨大的洞，叫做火山口。黄石公园显然属于第二种类型，但Christiansen在任何地方都找不到火山口)”可知，本段主要讲述了火山的两种类型。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.(Christ一看到照片，就意识到他为什么没能发现火山口：几乎整个公园——220万英亩——都是一个火山口。爆炸留下了一个40多英里宽的洞——太大了，从地面上的任何地方都看不见)”可知，火山口的巨大尺寸使其难以被发现。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhighaltitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceenlargementforoneofthevisitors’centers.AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.(就在这个时候，美国宇航局决定通过拍摄黄石公园的照片来测试一些新的高空相机。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些复印件交给了公园管理部门，他认为这些复印件可以用于扩建某个游客中心。Christ一看到照片，就意识到他为什么没能发现火山口：几乎整个公园——220万英亩——都是一个火山口。爆炸留下了一个40多英里宽的洞——太大了，从地面上的任何地方都看不见。在过去的某个时候，黄石公园一定以一种远远超过人类所知的规模的暴力爆炸了)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了NASA的高空相机揭示了黄石公园隐藏的火山口，所以C项“Yellowstone’sHiddenCalderaRevealedbyNASA(美国国家航空航天局揭示了黄石公园隐藏的火山口)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。DOneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.Andthat’sexactlyhowpsychologistsdefineplay:asaselfdirected,intrinsically(内在地)motivatedactivitywithnopurposeoutsidetheactivityitself.Playiswhatwedojustforthejoyofit.Inchildren,playisseenasnormalandnatural,andasapowerfulwaytolearn.Butaswegrowup,weetoseeplayasunnecessary.Wemayfaultourselvesforplayingwhenwecouldbegettingthingsdone.Atbest,weseeplayasrewardforalongday’swork,ameanstoupliftourselvesorawaytorelaxbeforedivingbackintothetroublesofoureverydaylives.Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.Whatseparatesplayfromreallifeisthelackofrisks.Playprovidesasafeenvironmenttolearncognitive(认知的),motorandsocialskillsandtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequences.Whenasoldieronthebattlefieldtriestoavoidenemyfire,itmaycausethempsychologicaldamagebecausetheirlifeisontheline.Butifyoudothesamemovementinagame,you’reprobablyhavingagoodtime.Likeotherbasicdrivessuchaseating,playispleasurable.Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.Playisawayofexperimentingwithvariousbinationstoseewhatworksanddevelopingflexibleresponsestounforeseenevents.We’renotbornwithanunderstandingofhowtheworldworks.Playishowwefigureitout.12.Whatisthemotivationforchildrentoplay?A.Thepurejoyofplayingitself.B.Theirkeeninterestineverything.C.Theirdesiretochallengethemselves.D.Theworkingproductivitytheyreceiveformplaying.13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“letoffsteam”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Getfreshexperience. B.Bravethedifficulties.C.Relievenegativeemotions. D.Beepowerfulgradually.14.Whatistheevolutionarypurposeofplay?A.Toimproveadults’creativity. B.Toprepareusfortheunknownfuture.C.Tohelpwiththepsychologicaldamage. D.Toboostchildren’scognitivedevelopment.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutplayfromthispassage?A.Playestobethebestsourceofentertainment.B.Playpromotescreativityandexplorationinusall.C.Playserveslittlepracticalpurposeinevolution.D.Playbenefitspersonallivesinnumerousways.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。研究表明玩耍时间可以让我们更好地准备面对意想不到的事情和解决问题。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Oneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.(孩子们玩耍的动机是什么孩子的一个显著特征是他们喜欢玩耍。他们绕着圈跑，撞到东西，在水坑里跳——没有任何目的，只是为了好玩。)”可知，孩子们玩耍的动机是游戏本身的纯粹乐趣。故选A。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.(但玩耍不仅仅是一种letoffsteam和减压的方式。)”可知，and前后并列的意思相近，reducestress“减少压力”，意思就是relievenegativeemotions.表示“缓解负面情绪”。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.(但是它的进化目的是什么呢？最可能的科学解释是，玩耍教会我们如何应对意外情况。世界是不可预测的，为了生存，我们需要适应新的情况。)”可知，游戏的进化目的让我们为未知的未来做好准备。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.(在一天中安排娱乐时间对提高工作效率很重要。游戏是一种基本的情感系统，在儿童发展和成人创造力中都是必不可少的。研究还表明，它能提高工作满意度、智谋和创新能力。更重要的是，当你面对新的挑战时，游戏可以拓宽你的经验，让我们准备好应对意想不到的事情。)”可知，游戏可以通过多种方式有益于个人生活。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ExploreYourOwnTownWhenwasthelasttimeyoutrulyexploredyourcity?It’seasytogetsobusyinyourlifethatyoubarelynoticethefascinatingworldwhereyoulive.Takingtimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnaboutitsheritageandseeyoursurroundingsinanewlight.____16____.Withtheweatheroutsidewarmingup,nowisagoodtimetogoexploringwithatrustedadult.Here’showtogetstarted.Pretendyou’reatouristManytimes,whenyouliveinaplace,youneverreallyexploresomeofthelocalhighlightsthatavisitormight.Startbyaskingyourselfthisquestion:IfIhadfriendsingtotownwhohadneverbeenherebefore,wherewouldIsuggesttheygo?____17____.Maybeit’sahistoricbuildingyoucantour,aniceparkthatyoucanhikein,oranewicecreamstoreyou’vebeenwantingtotry.____18____Dosomeresearchonlineandtalktoanadultaboutwhatsightsarewithinaclosedrive.Again,trytothinkaboutwhereyou’dgoifyouweretravelingtoyourcity.Alocalmuseumorzoomighthaveanewexhibityouhaven’tseensincethelasttimeyouvisited.YoucanalsofindoutwhetheranyTVshowsormovieshavebeenfilmednearyouandvisitthelocation.Checkoutsiteslikemovielocations.and.SeekoutaguidedtourWithanadult’ssupervision,lookupwalkingtoursforawholenewwaytoexploreyourcity.Somecitiesofferwalkingtoursfocusedonatheme,likefoodorlocalparks.(InNewYorkCity,forexample,therearepizzatours.)____19____Anotheroption:Morethan300UScitieshaveSegwaytours,whichcanbeafunwaytoexplorefarandwide.TakeaphotographywalkAnotherwaytoseewhereyoulivewithfresheyesistogoexploringwithyourcamera.Pickathemeforyourphotos,whetherit’sarchitecture,localwaterways,orbirdsandotherwildlifeinyourarea.____20____A.Considerlocalattractions.B.Discoverhiddenmuseums.C.Beinga“tourist”meanstryingsomethingnewinyourhometown.D.Youcanalsosearchforfreeselfguidedwalkingtoursinyourarea.E.Exploringyourtowncanrevealhiddenstoriesandgiveyouanewperspective.F.Captainingthesethemesmakesyourcityunique,givingyoumemoriestotreasure.G.Theyhighlightyoursurroundings,butyoumayfindotherplacesaremorespecial.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.D20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了如何花时间去探索自己所在的城镇。【16题详解】上文提到“Takingtimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnaboutitsheritageandseeyoursurroundingsinanewlight.(花时间了解自己的城镇或城市可以帮助你了解它的遗产，并以新的视角看待你的环境)”，由此可知，此空应承接上文，说明探索自己所居住城市的好处，E项“Exploringyourtowncanrevealhiddenstoriesandgiveyouanewperspective(探索你的城镇可以揭示隐藏的故事，并给你一个新的视角)”符合语境，此句中的“anewperspective”与上文中的“seeyoursurroundingsinanewlight”相呼应。故选E项。【17题详解】根据本段主题句“Pretendyou’reatourist(假装你是一个游客)”和下文“Maybeit’sahistoricbuildingyoucantour,aniceparkthatyoucanhikein,oranewicecreamstoreyou’vebeenwantingtotry.(也许是一座你可以参观的历史建筑，一个你可以徒步旅行的美丽公园，或者一家你一直想尝试的新冰淇淋店)”可知，本段是说以游客的身份去探索家乡的一些地方，C项“Beinga‘tourist’meanstryingsomethingnewinyourhometown(做一个‘游客’意味着在你的家乡尝试一些新事物)”符合语境，呼应主题句。故选C项。【18题详解】空处是段落主题句，根据下文“Alocalmuseumorzoomighthaveanewexhibityouhaven’tseensincethelasttimeyouvisited.YoucanalsofindoutwhetheranyTVshowsormovieshavebeenfilmednearyouandvisitthelocation.(当地的博物馆或动物园可能有你上次参观以来从未见过的新展品。你还可以查找是否有任何电视节目或电影在你附近拍摄，并参观拍摄地点)”可知，本段是有关当地的景点，A项“Considerlocalattractions(考虑当地的景点)”符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】上文提到“Somecitiesofferwalkingtoursfocusedonatheme,likefoodorlocalparks.(一些城市提供以某个主题为重点的徒步旅行，比如食物或当地公园)”，由此可知，此空应承接上文，继续说明徒步旅行的相关内容，D项“Youcanalsosearchforfreeselfguidedwalkingtoursinyourarea.(你也可以在你所在地区搜索免费的自助徒步旅行)”符合语境，此句中的“walkingtours”与上文中的“walkingtours”相呼应。故选D项。【20题详解】上文提到“Pickathemeforyourphotos,whetherit’sarchitecture,localwaterways,orbirdsandotherwildlifeinyourarea.(为你的照片选择一个主题，无论是建筑、当地的水道，还是你所在地区的鸟类和其他野生动物)”，由此可知，此空应承接上文，说明选择主题拍照的好处，F项“Captainingthesethemesmakesyourcityunique,givingyoumemoriestotreasure(捕捉这些主题使你的城市独一无二，给你值得珍藏的记忆)”符合语境，此句中的“thesethemes”指代上文提到的照片主题。故选F项。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空表处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thepolarbearwasatinypointinafrozenwhiteworld.Afilmcrewbegantofollowatadistance,graduallygetting____21____,hopingto____22____agoodpicture.However,thebearcametoarestataholeintheiceandstartedtowait.Sodidthecrew.For12hoursthebearlayhalfasleep,half____23____withoutamove.Thecrewhadbeenworkingfor22hours____24____ontheseaice.Coldandexhausted,they____25____defeat.Hoursofwaitingforlittlerewardisnotunmon.Onrareoccasions,apolarbearmightdisplayitsplayfulnature,rollingontheiceorplayingwithsnow.Theselightheartedmomentsstoodinsharpcontrasttotheotherwiseharshenvironment.“It’sthepricewe____26____togetuniqueimages,”saysawardwinningphotographerFlorianLedoux.“Itisa_____27_____forustogeteachshotintheArctic—wepushourlimits.”Theirperseveranceoftenpaidoff.Onsomeluckydays,theteamcapturedrarescenesofpolarbearshuntingsealsorinteractingwiththeircubs.Thesemoments,thoughbrief,wereworthalltheeffort.However,thebattleisintense,especiallyduringwinter:____28____darknessaffectsyourmood,thelackofroutine____29____yourbodyclock,youareforeverfightingagainstthebittercold,andeverythingyoutouchwith_____30_____handsstickstoyourskin.Howeverthickyourclothesare,thecold_____31_____through.AnArcticphotographerforyears,Ledouxhas_____32_____thesignificantchangesthere.Forinstance,oncesolidicefieldsnowbreakapartearlierintheseason,forcingpolarbearstoswimlongdistancestofindfood.Itisheatingup,causingicetomeltand_____33_____agreatthreattothewholeecosystem.“AmIjustphotographing?No,”hesays.“Itrytocatchsomeuniquebeautyof_____34_____togivea_____35_____totheonethatcanno