重庆市第十一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月考试英语试题

重庆市第十一中学校教育集团高2025届高三英语试题2024.11注意事项：1.本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru.B.Britain.C.Mexico.2.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Replytoaninvitation.C.Playfootball.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofheroldroommate?A.Selfish.B.Thoughtful.C.Careful.4.Whatshouldthecitydoaccordingtothewoman?A.Createmorejobs.B.Improvetheairquality.C.Closesomebusinesses.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirdailyroutine.B.Theirdormitory.C.Theweather.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Howdoesthewomansuggestthemangethome?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atabusstation.C.Atarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whyisthemanatthesupermarkettoday?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Tocarryoutasurvey.C.Tomeettheowner.9.Whatchangedidtheownermaketothesupermarketlastyear?A.Thelocation.B.Thename.C.Themanager.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Borrowingatent.B.Returningatent.C.Packingatent.11.Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A.Togetclosetonature.B.Tohavefun.C.Toimproveherfitness.12.Wherewillthespeakersclimbtogether?A.Inthewild.B.Ataclimbingcenter.C.Atagym.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’sopinionabout/herideaoftheonlinebusiness?A.It’sunique.B.It’spractical.C.It’schallenging.14.Whywillthewomancontactartists?A.Toseetheirworks.B.Tolookforinspiration.C.Todobusinesswiththem.15.Whatwillthewomandoforlargeorders?A.Offerfreedelivery.B.Chargeasmallfee.C.Giveadiscount.16.Whatisspecialaboutthepackaging?A.It’sluxury.B.It’sofgoodquality.C.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wherearedrinksservedallday?A.Inthecafe.B.Inthediningroom.C.Bytheswimmingpool.18.Whatwillthelistenersprobablydoaround1p.m.?A.Havelunch.B.Goswimming.C.Attendaconference.19.Whatdoesthespeakerapologizefor?A.Theupdatedprogram.B.Thehightemperature.C.Thelatelunch.20.Whydoestheconferenceprogramhavetobechanged?A.Someroomsarebeingrepaired.B.TheGeneralManagercan’te.C.Aspeakerisn’tabletogivehertalk.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhat’sonBluedotJodrellBankObservatory,Cheshire,2124JulyBluedotreturnsforfourdaysofmusic,artandspacescience.AmongthetreatsaretalksbyphysicistJimAIKhalili,astronautTimPeake,spacescientistMonicaGradyandBBCSkyatNight’sChrisLintott,alongsideabillofstandupedy,artandmusicbythelikesofBjorkandGrooveArmada.Daytickets￡35/visitor,weekendtickets￡179/visitor.LateNightExplorerKielderObservatory,Northumberland,weekends,11:30pmWonderattheMoon,planetsandgalaxiesundertheguidanceofexpertastronomers,andusetheobservatory’shighqualitytelescopes.Alsoenjoyalogburningstove(炉子)andahotchocolate.￡46/visitor.HerscheltoHawkwindObservatoryScienceCentre,Herstmonceux,2July,7:30pmRockguitaristandastronomerWilliamgivesanentertainingtalkthatexplorestheconnectionbetweenmusicandthesky,includinglivemusicandasingalong.￡16/adult;￡13/child.CraigTelescopeTalkBredhurstVillageHall,Gillingham,29July,8pmGregSmyeRumsbybringstolifethestoryoftheCraigtelescope,forabrieftimeinthemid19thcenturythelargestrefractingtelescope(折射望远镜)intheworld.Wasthisstrangeinstrumentjustanexpensivefolly?￡18/visitor;￡24withfood.1.WhatmightBjorkdoforvisitorsduring2124July?A.Servethemahotchocolate. B.Entertainthemwithmusic.C.Givealectureontheuniverse. D.Discusshowmusicrelatestothesky.2.HowmuchshouldayoungcouplepayforWilliam’stalk?A.￡13. B.￡16. C.￡26. D.￡32.3.Whereshouldvisitorsgoifthey’dliketolearnabouttheCraigtelescope?A.ObservatoryScienceCentre. B.JodrellBankObservatory.C.BredhurstVillageHall. D.KielderObservatory.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍最近的一些活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章Bluedot中“JodrellBankObservatory,Cheshire,2124July(乔德雷尔银行天文台，柴郡，7月21日至24日)”以及“Bluedotreturnsforfourdaysofmusic,artandspacescience.AmongthetreatsaretalksbyphysicistJimAIKhalili,astronautTimPeake,spacescientistMonicaGradyandBBCSkyatNight'sChrisLintott,alongsideabillofstandupedy,artandmusicbythelikesofBjorkandGrooveArmada.Daytickets￡35/visitor,weekendtickets￡179/visitor.(Bluedot将回归四天的音乐、艺术和空间科学课程。其中包括物理学家JimAIKhalili、宇航员TimPeake、太空科学家MonicaGrady和BBCSkyatNight的ChrisLintott的演讲，以及Bjork和GrooveArmada等的单口喜剧、艺术和音乐。日票￡35/游客，周末门票￡179/访客。)”可知，Bjork将会对参观者提供音乐。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章HerscheltoHawkwind中“RockguitaristandastronomerWilliamgivesanentertainingtalkthatexplorestheconnectionbetweenmusicandthesky,includinglivemusicandasingalong.￡16/adult;￡13/child.(摇滚吉他手兼天文学家威廉会发表一场有趣的演讲，探讨音乐与天空之间的联系，包括现场音乐和合唱。￡16/成年人；￡13/儿童。)”可知，一对夫妻参加威廉的演讲需要支付￡32。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由CraigTelescopeTalk中“BredhurstVillageHall,Gillingham,29July,8pm(7月29日，晚上8点，吉林厄姆BredhurstVillageHall)”和“GregSmyeRumsbybringstolifethestoryoftheCraigtelescope,forabrieftimeinthemid19thcenturythelargestrefractingtelescope(折射望远镜)intheworld.(GregSmyeRumsby生动地讲述了Craig望远镜的故事，该望远镜在19世纪中期曾短暂成为世界上最大的折射望远镜。)”可知，想了解Craig望远镜可以去BredhurstVillageHall。故选C项。BThehanddrawnposterskeptcatchingAviramCohen’seyeashewalkedaroundhisneighborhoodinQueens,N.Y.Theywerecolorfuladvertisementswithadistinctstyle.Cohen,whobuildsexhibitionsinmuseumsandgalleries,waseagertouncoverwhowasbehindtheposters.Itwasn’teasy.“Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.Whentheartists,CarlosandMiguelCevallos,methimathiswife’sstudiothatdayin2018,Cohenwasshockedtoseetwobrothersintheir80s,whofordecadeshavespenttheirdaysintheirsharedManhattanapartmentmakingadvertisingpostersbyhand.Theyhadlongbeenrelyingonwordofmouthtoattractnewclients.ThenCohensuggestedtheygetonsocialmediatopreservetheirwork.“Itshouldbedocumentedsoitdoesn’tdisappear,”Cohensaid.CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.Thebrothersalongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遗产)bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.Recently,thebrothershavereceivedrequestsfrompotentialclientsacrosstheUnitedStates,aswellasinternationally.Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.4.WhydidCohentrytofindtheposterdesigners?A.Toreachouthandsforthem.B.Toorderasignforhiswife’sstudio.C.Tocollectpostersforhisexhibitions.D.Tolearnthetechniqueofmakingposters.5.HowdidCohenhelpthetwobrothers?A.Headvertisedthemwithposters.B.Hemadeadocumentaryforthem.C.Heintroducedsocialmediatothem.D.Hehousedtheminadowntownapartment.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph4?A.Toshowthetwobrothers’artisticorigins.B.Topresentthetwobrothers’distinctartstyles.C.Toexplainwhythetwobrothers’businessisontherise.D.Toillustratehowthetwobrotherswentthroughtheirtoughyears.7.Whatwillthetwobrothersdonext?A.Carryonwiththeirart.B.Promotetheirartglobally.C.Pursuetheirseparateinterestsinart.D.Attempttousenewtoolstodotheirart.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。本文讲述了制作手绘海报的80多岁的CarlosandMiguelCevallos两兄弟的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的““Ifoundthembygoingfromrestauranttorestaurantuntiltherewassomeonethathadtheirphonenumber,”Cohen,42,said,addingthathewashopingtoaskthemtocreateasignforhiswife’syogaandPilatesstudioinJacksonHeights.(42岁的科恩说：“我从一家餐厅到另一家餐厅寻找他们，直到有人有他们的号码。”他还说，他希望请他们为他妻子在杰克逊高地的瑜伽普拉提工作室制作一个标牌。)”可知，科恩试图找到海报设计师是为了给他妻子的工作室定制标识牌。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“CohenofferedtocreateanInstagramaccountforthebrothers.Theywereonboardwiththeidea.(科恩提出为这对兄弟创建一个Instagram账户。他们赞成这个想法。)”可知，科恩通过介绍社交媒体给他们来帮助他们。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thebrothers,alongwiththeirolderbrother,Victor,openedasignshopinBogotain1966.Victortaughthisyoungerbrothersallheknewaboutart.AfterVictormovedtoNewYorkin1969,hisbrotherseventuallyfollowedhim.Carloscamefirstin1974andproducedposterswithVictorinasmallartstudioinTimesSquare,andlaterinQueens.In2005,MiguelmovedtoNewYork.AfterVictor’sdeathin2012,MiguelandCarloscarriedontheirbrother’slegacy(遗产)bycontinuingtomakecustomposters.Migueloutlinesthelettersandimages,andCarlosisthecolorist.(1966年，这对兄弟和他们的哥哥维克多(Victor)在波哥大开了一家标识店。维克多把他所知道的艺术都教给了他的弟弟们。1969年维克托搬到纽约后，他的兄弟们也跟着搬到了纽约。1974年，卡洛斯第一次来到这里，和维克多一起在时代广场的一个小艺术工作室制作海报，后来在皇后区。2005年，米格尔搬到了纽约。2012年维克多去世后，米格尔和卡洛斯继承了他们兄弟的遗产，继续制作定制海报。米格尔勾勒出字母和图像，卡洛斯是调色师。)”可知，第四段介绍了兄弟俩制作海报的家族经历，因此推断作者写本段的目的是展示兄弟俩的艺术起源。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thetwohavenoplanstopartwiththeirpensandpaintbrushesanytimesoon.Theyintendtomakeartindefinitely.(这两个人短期内都不打算放弃他们的笔和画笔。他们打算无限地创作艺术。)”可知，两兄弟会继续他们的艺术。故选A。CWeoftenshareimagesorthoughtsonsocialnetworks.Now,researchersattheUniversitatObertadeCatalunya(UOC)havedevelopedanalgorithm(算法)thatcananalysethecontentpeoplepostonline.AccordingtoWilliamGlasser’sChoiceTheory,therearefivebasicneeds:Survival,Power,Freedom,BelongingandFun.“TheseneedsevenhaveaninfluenceontheimageswechoosetouploadtoourInstagrampage,”explainedMohammadMahdiDehshibi,aresearcherattheUOC.TheresearchteamhasspenttwoyearsworkingonadeeplearningmodelthatidentifiesthefiveneedsdescribedbyGlasser.Forthestudy,whichhasbeenpublishedinthejournalIEEETransactionsonAffectiveputing,theresearchersanalyzed86Instagramprofiles,inbothSpanishandPersian(波斯语),anddevelopedanalgorithmtoidentifythecontentoftheimagesandcategorizetextualcontentbyassigningdifferentlabels.Glasser’stheoryarguesthateachchoiceusersmakeonsocialmediadoesnotrespondtojustonebasicneed—themultilabelapproachofthisstudyhelpstoclearitup.Dehshibiusesanexampletoexplainthis:“Imaginethatacyclistisridingupamountain,andatthetop,hecanchoosebetweensharingaselfie(自拍照)andagroupphoto.Ifhechoosestheselfie,weperceiveaneedforPower,butifhechoosestheotheroption,wecanconcludethatthepersonisnotonlylookingforFunbutalsoawaytosatisfyhisneedforBelonging.”“StudyingdatafromsocialnetworksthatbelongtononEnglishspeakinguserscouldhelpbuildinclusiveanddiversetoolsandmodelsforaddressingmentalhealthproblemsinpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgrounds,”Dehshibiadds.Theresearchteambelievethattheirstudycanhelpimprovepreventivemeasures,rangingfromidentificationtoimprovedtreatmentwhenapersonhasbeendiagnosed(诊断)withamentalhealthdisorder.Backin2019,UniversityofVermontresearchersdevelopedanartificialintelligencebasedsystemthatcandetectsignsofanxietyinthespeechpatternsofyoungchildren.Meanwhile,puterscientistsfromtheUniversityofAlberta,Canada,havedevelopedalgorithmsthatcandetectandidentifydepressionthroughpeople’svoices.8.Whatcanthealgorithmbeusedtodo?A.IntroducingWilliamGlasser’sChoiceTheory.B.Creatingdifferentdatabasesfortheresearchteam.C.Identifyingusers’basicneedsfromthecontenttheyshareonline.D.Givingpeopleatooltopostimagesorthoughtsonsocialnetworks.9.HowdoesDehshibipresenthisideainParagraph4?A.Byprovidingdata. B.Bymakingparisons.C.Byquotingsayings. D.Bygivingexamples.10.Whatdoestheresearchteamthinkoftheirstudy?A.Itcansuggestwaystoimprovesocialnetworks.B.Itisusefulinhandlingmentalhealthproblems.C.Itishelpfulinchangingonlineusers’badhabits.D.Itcanlinkpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgroundstogether.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学研究人员开发了一种算法，可以从用户在社交网络上分享的文本和图像中发现其可能存在的心理健康问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now,researchersattheUniversitatObertadeCatalunya(UOC)havedevelopedanalgorithm(算法)thatcananalysethecontentpeoplepostonline.(现在，加泰罗尼亚Oberta大学（UOC）的研究人员开发了一种算法，可以分析人们在网上发布的内容)”和第三段中“TheresearchteamhasspenttwoyearsworkingonadeeplearningmodelthatidentifiesthefiveneedsdescribedbyGlasser.(研究团队花了两年时间研究一个深度学习模型，该模型可以识别Glasser描述的五种需求)”可知，该算法被用来从用户在线分享的内容中识别用户的基本需求。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Glasser’stheoryarguesthateachchoiceusersmakeonsocialmediadoesnotrespondtojustonebasicneed—themultilabelapproachofthisstudyhelpstoclearitup.Dehshibiusesanexampletoexplainthis(Glasser的理论认为，用户在社交媒体上做出的每一个选择都不仅仅是对一种基本需求的回应——这项研究的多标签方法有助于理清这个问题。Dehshibi用了一个例子来解释这一点)”可推知，Glasser是通过举例来说明他的观点。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theresearchteambelievethattheirstudycanhelpimprovepreventivemeasures,rangingfromidentificationtoimprovedtreatmentwhenapersonhasbeendiagnosed(诊断)withamentalhealthdisorder.(研究小组认为，他们的研究可以帮助改善预防措施，从识别到改善治疗，当一个人被诊断患有精神健康障碍时)”可推知，研究团队认为他们的研究对处理心理健康问题很有用。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Backin2019,UniversityofVermontresearchersdevelopedanartificialintelligencebasedsystemthatcandetectsignsofanxietyinthespeechpatternsofyoungchildren.Meanwhile,puterscientistsfromtheUniversityofAlberta,Canada,havedevelopedalgorithmsthatcandetectandidentifydepressionthroughpeople’svoices.(早在2019年，佛蒙特大学的研究人员就开发了一种基于人工智能的系统，可以从幼儿的语言模式中检测出焦虑的迹象。与此同时，加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的计算机科学家开发了一种算法，可以通过人们的声音来检测和识别抑郁症)”可知，该段提到两个例子与研究人员开发的算法类似。由此可知，最后一段作者是用来补充说明背景信息的。故选C。DOctopuses(章鱼)arecolourblindandtheyusecameralikeeyestodetectlightpolarisation(偏振)instead.Lightpolarisationreferstotheplane(平面)atwhichlightwavestravel.Unpolarisedlightwavestravelforwardineveryplane,whilepolarisedlightonlytravelsinoneplane.Measuringtheeffectsoflightpolarisationonanimalresponsesisarduous,butUniversityofBristolresearchersdevelopedatechnologythatmadethisaloteasier.Althoughitwasknownthatoctopusescandetectlightpolarisation,thestudyisthefirsttoshowthatoctopuseshavethehighestsensitivitytothepolarisationoflight,paredtoanyotheranimaltestedsofar.“Weknewthatoctopuses,likemanymarine(海洋的)species,couldseepatternsinpolarisedlightmuchlikeweseecolour,butwehadnoideathattheycoulddosowhenthelightwas2%polarised—thatwasexciting,butevenmoreunexpectedwaswhenwethentestedhumansandfoundthattheywereabletoperceivepatternswhenthelightwas24%polarised,”saidleadresearcherProfessorShelbyTemple.Thisdiscoveryledtothedevelopmentofanewmedicaldevicethatcanquicklyandeasilyscreenpeopleforlowmacularpigments(黄斑色素),astrongriskfactorfordevelopingagerelatedmaculardegeneration(AMD).AMDisthemostmoncauseofincurableblindness,whichnormallyaffectspeopleintheir50sand60s.Thisnewdeviceopensthedoortotheregularscreeningofpatients,enablingeyecareprofessionalstobetteridentifyandsuggestappropriatelifestylechoicestopeopleatmoreriskofdevelopingAMD.Earlyscreeningformacularpigmentlevelswouldempowerpatientstotakebettercareoftheireyesbymakinglifestylechoices,suchaseatingmorefruitsandvegetables,andwearingsunglasses.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Adventurous. B.Necessary. C.Conventional. D.Laborious.13.WhichofthefollowinggreatlysurprisedtheresearchersaccordingtoTemple?A.Octopusescouldperceivepatternsinpolarisedlight.B.Humanscouldseecolourmuchlikeoctopusessawpatterns.C.Humanscouldseepatternswhenthelightwas24%polarised.D.Octopusescouldperceivecolourwhenthelightwas2%polarised.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusaboutthenewdevice?A.Itspracticalsignificance. B.Itswidespreadpopularity.C.Thereasonsforimprovingit. D.Theprocessofemployingit.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.OctopuslikeDevicesInfluenceourLifestyleChoicesB.Octopuses’CameralikeEyesDetectLightPolarisationCOctopusinspiredInnovationHelpsFightHumanSightLossD.Octopuses’UniqueCharacteristicsAttractAttention【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲对章鱼研究导致了一种检测低黄斑色素新的医疗设备的开发，从而更能帮助保护眼睛。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Measuringtheeffectsoflightpolarisationonanimalresponsesisarduous,butUniversityofBristolresearchersdevelopedatechnologythatmadethisaloteasier.(测量光偏振对动物反应的影响是，但布里斯托尔大学的研究人员开发了一种技术，使这项工作变得容易得多。)”可知，新技术让工作容易多了，那说明原本这工作是很困难的，所以猜测arduous表“困难的”，与D项Laborious(费力的)意义一致。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Weknewthatoctopuses,likemanymarine(海洋的)species,couldseepatternsinpolarisedlightmuchlikeweseecolour,butwehadnoideathattheycoulddosowhenthelightwas2%polarised—thatwasexciting,butevenmoreunexpectedwaswhenwethentestedhumansandfoundthattheywereabletoperceivepatternswhenthelightwas24%polarised,(我们知道章鱼和许多海洋物种一样，可以在偏振光中看到图案，就像我们看到颜色一样，但我们不知道当光偏振2%时它们可以看到图案——这很令人兴奋，但更出乎意料的是，当我们测试人类时，发现当光偏振24%时，他们能够感知图案，)”可知，研究人员很惊讶当光线偏振24%时，人类可以看到图案。故选C项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“Thisnewdeviceopensthedoortotheregularscreeningofpatients,enablingeyecareprofessionalstobetteridentifyandsuggestappropriatelifestylechoicestopeopleatmoreriskofdevelopingAMD.Earlyscreeningformacularpigmentlevelswouldempowerpatientstotakebettercareoftheireyesbymakinglifestylechoices,suchaseatingmorefruitsandvegetables,andwearingsunglasses.(这种新设备为定期筛查患者打开了大门，使眼科护理专业人员能够更好地识别和建议更容易患AMD的人选择适当的生活方式。黄斑色素水平的早期筛查将使患者能够通过选择生活方式，如多吃水果和蔬菜，戴太阳镜，更好地照顾自己的眼睛。)”可知，本段主要讲该设备实际的作用和意义。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Thisdiscoveryledtothedevelopmentofanewmedicaldevicethatcanquicklyandeasilyscreenpeopleforlowmacularpigments(黄斑色素),astrongriskfactorfordevelopingagerelatedmaculardegeneration(AMD).AMDisthemostmoncauseofincurableblindness,whichnormallyaffectspeopleintheir50sand60s.(这一发现导致了一种新的医疗设备的开发，该设备可以快速方便地对人们进行低黄斑色素筛查，这是患老年性黄斑变性（AMD）的一个重要风险因素。AMD是导致不治之症的最常见原因，通常影响50多岁和60多岁的人。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲对章鱼研究导致了一种检测低黄斑色素新的医疗设备的开发，从而更能帮助保护眼睛。所以C项OctopusinspiredInnovationHelpsFightHumanSightLoss(章鱼启发的创新有助于对抗人类视力下降)符合语境。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Recently,Guochao,“Chinachic”,hasbeengainingpopularityamongChineseconsumers.GuochaoconveystheculturalheritageandvaluesofChina.____16____.“Chinachic”isrising,butwhatisit?TheideaofGuochaowasfirstborrowedfromsomeinternationalbrands,andbegantowinoverChineseconsumersin2011.____17____.In2018,ChinesesportswearbandLiNingpresenteditsWuDao(theprinciplesofTaoism)collectionattheNewYorkFashionWeek.ItfeaturedbrightredcolorandChinesecharacters.Morebrandshavesincefollowed,markingtheearlystageofGuochao.____18____.Thiswasaperiodwhenapplicationsofbigdata,epayment,and5Gtechnologyhitthemarketoneafteranother.DomestictechpaniessuchasHuawei,Xiaomi,andDJImadeheadlines.Initsthirdstage,Guochaobecamemoremonineverydaylife.Overthepastdecade,Guochaohasexpandedfromconsumergoodstoexperientialproducts.Asconsumersareshowinggreaterinterestinculturalidentityandcreativity,productionsliketheTVprogramNationalTreasure,andthedanceshowNightBanquetinTangDynastyPalaceintegrateculturalandhistoricalelementswiththelatestaudiovisualtechnologies.____19____.Nowadays,Guochaoismovingtothenextstage.Nomatterhowthetrendevolves,Chinesepeople’spositiveattitudetowardthecountry’sdevelopmentandtheirrecognitionofandgrowingconfidenceinnationalculturewon’tchange.____20____.Seenfromabroaderperspective,GuochaomirrorstheriseofChina,acountryeagertomakeitspresencefeltglobally.Guochaoisastyle,butmoreimportantly,ittransmitscultureandvalues.A.Thetrendgrewinthefollowingyears.B.Theygivetheviewersatotallynewexperience.C.ThenextstagesawtheriseofChina’snativefashiontrends.D.Italsoexpressesnationalprideandconfidenceinanewera.E.ThesecondperiodofGuochaomainlyfeatureshitechindustries.F.Itssuccesswillrelyfirstandforemostongainingculturalconfidence.G.Theconceptof“MadeinChina”wasrecognizedastherepresentationofChineseculture.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了国潮的发展过程及原因。【16题详解】根据上文“GuochaoconveystheculturalheritageandvaluesofChina.(国潮传达了中国的文化遗产和价值观。)”可知，上文介绍了国潮的意义，国潮传达了中国的文化遗产和价值观，D项意为“它也表达了民族自豪感和对新时代的信心。”，选项能够承接上文，补充说明了国潮的意义，它也表达了民族自豪感和对新时代的信心。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“TheideaofGuochaowasfirstborrowedfromsomeinternationalbrands,andbegantowinoverChineseconsumersin2011.(国潮的理念最初是从一些国际品牌那里借来的，并于2011年开始赢得中国消费者的青睐。)”可知，本段介绍了国潮的发展过程，A项意为“这一趋势在接下来的几年里有所增长。”，选项能够承接上文，国潮的理念于2011年开始赢得中国消费者的青睐，在接下来的几年里有所增长。故选A。【18题详解】根据下文“Thiswasaperiodwhenapplicationsofbigdata,epayment,and5Gtechnologyhitthemarketoneafteranother.(这是一个大数据、电子支付和5G技术应用相继进入市场的时期。)”可知，本段介绍了国潮与科技发展的关系，E项意为“国潮的第二个时期以高科技产业为主。”，选项能够引起下文，下文的“大数据、电子支付和5G技术”是对“高科技产业”的举例。故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Asconsumersareshowinggreaterinterestinculturalidentityandcreativity,productionsliketheTVprogramNationalTreasure,andthedanceshowNightBanquetinTangDynastyPalaceintegrateculturalandhistoricalelementswiththelatestaudiovisualtechnologies.(随着消费者对文化身份和创造力表现出更大的兴趣，电视节目《国宝》和舞蹈节目《唐宫夜宴》等作品将文化和历史元素与最新的视听技术相结合。)”可知，上文介绍了一些将文化和历史元素与最新的视听技术相结合的节目，B项意为“他们给观众一种全新的体验。”，选项能够承接上文，这些电视节目给观众一种全新的体验。故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Nowadays,Guochaoismovingtothenextstage.Nomatterhowthetrendevolves,Chinesepeople’spositiveattitudetowardthecountry’sdevelopmentandtheirrecognitionofandgrowingconfidenceinnationalculturewon’tchange.(如今，国潮正在迈向下一个阶段。无论这一趋势如何演变，中国人民对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化的认可和日益增强的信心都不会改变。)”可知，上文介绍了国潮的发展是取决于中国人民对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化的认可和日益增强的信心，F项意为“它的成功首先取决于获得文化自信。”，选项能够承接上文，因为中国人民获得文化自信，所以国潮才会持续发展。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。“NewRecruits(招募)Wanted.”This____21____caughtmyeyeandrevived(重新唤起)thedreamIhadsincemychildhood.But,justas____22____,IremindedmyselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty.Hesitatingforawhile,Ifinallyenteredthehallandfilledouta(n)____23____.MydreamofbeingafirefighterbeganwhenIwatchedthetelevisionshowRescue8,____24____withthecooperationoftheLosAngelesFireDepartmentwhenIwasyoung.Unfortunately,lifedoesn’tfollowyoungpeople’sdreams.Acareerinconstruction,afamilyto____25____,andmanyotherfactorsgotinthewayofvolunteeringwiththelocalfiredepartment.Now,____26____retirement,mywifeandIhavejustrelocatedtoabeautifulvillagenearSeattle.Ihavetimetogive.Tomydelight,Iwasacceptedfor____27____.Yes,Iwastheoldestrecruit,anditwasso____28____thatIwasreadytodropoutoneday.WhenIgothomefrompracticethatday,afriendcameover.IwasabouttosayIcould____29____doitanymorewhenhepassedmeabeautifullyillustratedbookoffirefighterswhoarein____30____,withapersonalizedmessageofinspiration,encouragingmetofollowmydream.AsIlookedthroughthe____31____,Ifeltamazedatthecourageanddevotionofthesebrave____32____.ItgavemethestrengthIneededtocarryon.Overthenextfewweeks,thetrainingcontinuedtobetough,butIneverlost____33____again.Ilosttwentypounds,buteventuallyIwascertificatedasafirefighter.AndnowIcandrivethebigredtrucksand____34____mymunity.Whenmostofmyfriendsareretiring,I’m____35____anewcareerIlove.AndIknowthatyou'renevertoooldtotakeonnewchallenges;nevertoooldtofollowyourdreams.21.A.promise B.signal C.guideline D.sign22.A.quickly B.accurately C.fundamentally D.originally23.A.diagram B.memory C.application D.appointment24.A.written B.filmed C.described D.promoted25.A.rescue B.treasure C.build D.raise26.A.incaseof B.infavorof C.inhopeof D.intimeof27.A.performing B.working C.training D.advertising28.A.demanding B.crucial C.anxious D.helpful29.A.gradually B.regularly C.barely D.particularly30.A.surprise B.action C.debt D.return31.A.tips B.pages C.speeches D.indications32A.partners B.colleagues C.individuals D.assistants33.A.patience B.focus C.fantasy D.sense34.A.control B.organize C.represent D.serve35.A.pursuing B.shifting C.creating D.recalling【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.D26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在快要到60岁的时候追求理想，最终通过艰苦的训练，作者成为了一名消防员。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个标志引起了我的注意，让我想起了儿时的梦想。A.promise承诺；B.signal信号；C.guideline指导方针；D.sign标志，迹象。根据上文“NewRecruits(招募)Wanted”可知，这是一个“标志”。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，很快，我提醒自己，我已经快60岁了。A.quickly快速地；B.accurately准确地；C.fundamentally从根本上；D.originally最初地。根据下文“IremindedmyselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty”可知，“很快”，作者提醒自己已经快60岁了，不适合再工作。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了一会儿，我终于进了大厅，填了一份申请表。A.diagram图表；B.memory记忆；C.application申请表；D.appointment约会。根据上文“NewRecruits(招募)Wanted”和“filledout”可知，作者是去填了一份“申请表”。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我年轻时观看与洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的电视节目《营救8号》。A.written写；B.filmed拍摄电影；C.described描述；D.promoted促进