河南省TOP二十名校2024届高三下学期质检（一） 英语 含解析

绝密★启用前2024届高三年级TOP二十名校质检一英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分.满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whichmeansoftransportisunavailablenow?A.Thetrain. B.Theship. C.Thecar.2.WhydoesAnncallJake?A.Tomakeaninvitation. B.Toofferanapology. C.Tochangeanappointment.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thewoman’sjob. B.Thewoman’sfriends. C.Thewoman’shealth.4.Wherewillthespeakersputthenewchairs?A.Onthebalcony. B.Bythewindow. C.Besidethestairs.5.WhatwillMarkdoonSaturday?A.Haveaparty. B.Attendaconcert. C.Pickapresent.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料.回答第6、7题.6.WhatdoweknowaboutRaj?A.HeisfromJapan. B.Heisanewcomer. C.Hedoesn'tliketalking.7.WhenmayRajshakehisheadaccordingtotheman?A.Whenheagreeswithsomeone.B.Whenhethinkssomeoneisrude.C.Whenhefailstounderstandsomeone.听第7段材料.回答第8至10题。8.Whatwillthemandosoon?A.Askforleave. B.Quithisjob. C.Goonbusiness.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates. B.Strangers. C.Neighbors.10.Whatdoesthemanregret?A.Spillinghismilk. B.TalkingtoDanprivately. C.Makinganannouncement.听第8段材料.回答第11至13题。11.Whendidtheman'sschoolgetaprizeforexcellenceinperformance?A.In2012. B.In2018. C.In2020.12.Whathappenedtotheman'sschoolin2019?A.Itsnamewaschanged. B.Anotherschooljoinedit. C.Itemployedmoreteachers.13.Whatwillthemantalkabouttheschoolnext?A.Itsaccommodation. B.Itsfounder. C.Itscourses.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheman?A.Afarmer. B.Areporter. C.Aprojectmanager.15.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardfarmers'efforts?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear. C.Positive.16.WhydidtheSPBbuyHopeFarm?A.Tohelppeoplefindgoodfarmland.B.Torunafarmwithoutdestroyingwildlife.C.Toteachfarmerstoincreasefoodproduction.17.Whichspecieshasexperiencedthefastestpopulationgrowth?A.Bird. B.Plant. C.Insect.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题，18.WhichofthefallowingwasbuiltintheGothicstyle?A.TheCentralOffice. BRollMuseum. C.19.WhatisthemainreasonwhyHarborA.Richsoil. B.Enoughsunshine. C.Righttemperature.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthesubwaysysteminHarborA.Itisconvenient. B.Itiscomplicated. C.Itishistoric.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分.满分37.5分）阅读下列短文-从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFourAmusementParksinOrlandoUniversal'sIslandsofAdventureOpenedin1999,itisauniqueamusementparkwitheightdistinctthemedislandsforvisitorstoexplore.Therearecountlessrides,activities,andshowstobefoundthroughouttheislands.Costumedcharacterscanoftenbefoundwanderingthroughthepark,makingforsomeexcellentphotoopportunists.Bothsingledayandannualpassesareavailable,andvisitorscanalsopurchaseticketsthatprovideaccesstoboththisparkandUniversalStudiosFlorida.Phone:407-224-1233UniversalStudiosFloridaIfyou'reabigmoviefan,visitingitisadreamcometrue.Thegroundsarejam-packedwithallsortsofexcitingridesandattractions.Thelevelofdetailintheparkisincredible,andvisitorswillfeellikethey’vebeentransportedintotheirfavoritefictionalworlds.TheparkisalsoanoperationalmovieandTVproductionfacility,meaningthatluckyvisitorsmightevenhavethechancetoseearealfilmcrewatwork.Phone:407-363-8000SeaWorldOrlandoWithitsmanyworld-classaquariums（水族馆）,itisoneofthebestplacesinthecitytogetupcloseandpersonalwiththeincrediblemarinelifethatlivesinthewatersaroundFlorida.OneofthebiggestattractionsintheparkisanorcaknownasShamu,butvisitorswillalsohavethechancetoseedolphins,sharks,turtles,flamingos,penguins,andevensloths.Italsooffersrollercoasterridesforchildren,plentyofdiningoptions.andvaluableinformationaboutwildlifeconservation.Phone:407-545-5550BuschCardensTampaSittingona335-acrepropertyinTampa,itoffersthrillingamusementparkrides,liveentertainmentforallages,andoneofthelargestzoosintheUnitedStates.Morethan12,000differentanimalsliveinthepark.ManyoftheseanimalsarenativetoAfrica,andvisitorscantakeexcitingsafari-styletoursiftheywanttoseetheanimalsupclose.Specialeventsonhowtoprotectwildlifeareheldthroughouttheyear,andbothdailyandannualpassesareavailablePhone:813-884-438621.Wherecanvisitorsmeetpeoplewearingacostume?A.SeaWorldOrlando. B.UniversalStudiosFlorida.C.BuschGardensTampaBay. 22.Whichnumbershouldafilmlovercall?A.407-224-4233. B.407-363-8000.C.407-545-5550. D.813-881-4386.23.Whatdothelasttwoamusementparkshaveincommon?A.Theyareintendedforchildtourists.B.Theyfocusonseaanimalattractions.C.Theyofferknowledgeofwildlifeprotection.D.TheyareamongthelargestzoosintheUS.BBeforeyourpuppycanstartofferingitstricksforaspecificreward,itneedstolearnthem!Whentrainingisstartedatseventoeightweeksofage,usemethodsthatrelyonencouragementandgentleteaching.Poppieshaveshortattentionspans（持续时间）,sotrainingsessionsshouldbebrief,butshouldoccurdaily.Puppiescanbetaughttosit.down.andstandusingamethodcalledfood-lure（食物引诱）training.Smallpiecesoffoodorafavoredtoycanbeusedtomotivateyourpuppytoperformmosttasks.Providedtherewardisappealingenough,thepuppycanbeencouragedtogivethedesiredresponsebyshowingthepuppythereward,movingtherewardtogetthedesiredresponseandthenaftersometame.pairingacue（averbalcommand）withthebehavior.Youshouldonlyaskyourpuppytoperformabehaviorwithaverbalcueonceyouaresurethepuppyknowsitwell.Ifthepuppydoesnotimmediatelygivethebehavioronthefirstencouragement.thenyouarelikelyproceedingalittletooquickly.Ifyoukeeprepeatingthecue,thepuppywilllearnthatseveralrepetitionsareacceptablebeforeitneedstorespond.Youdonotnecessarilyneedtotraininasetsessiondaily.Rather,integratethesetasksthroughouttheday.Agoaltostriveforisatleast15minutesoftrainingeveryday.Thesecanbeshortfive-minutesessionsspreadthroughouttheday.Trytohaveallfamilymembersaskyourpuppytodothesetasks.Remembertotryandtrainineveryroomofyourhouse.Youwantyourpuppytosit,liedownandstayeverywhere.notjustinthetraininglocation.24.Whatisadvisedtodoatearlydogtraining?A.Sticktostrictdisciplines. B.Setitasaroutineeveryday.C.Dotrainingwithanadultdog. D.Neverdividethetimeintoperiods.25.Whencanapuppybeaskedtoperformabehaviorunderaverbalcommand?A.Whenitisstrongenough.B.Attheageofseventoeightweeks.C.Afteritcanunderstandyourorders.D.Whenithaslearnedallbasicbehaviors.26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion. B.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Callonfamilymemberstohelptraining.27.What'sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefunintrainingpuppies. B.Benefitsofkeepingpuppies.C.Thingspuppiesdoindailylife. D.Basicmannersforpuppytraining.CSweden,acountryoftenassociatedwithitscolderclimateratherthanwinemaking.Isexperiencingasurprisingtransformationinitswineindustrybecauseofclimatechange.Traditionally,renownedwine-growingregionslikeFrance,Italy,andSpainhavedominatedtheglobalwinemarket.However,risingtemperaturesandlongergrowingseasonsinSwedenhavebroughtanunexpectedgrowthinthecountry'swineproduction.Overthepast30years.temperaturesinthesouthernpartofSwedenhaverisenbyapproximately2。Ccomparedtothepreviousthreedecades.Thisincreasehasextendedthegrowingseasonbyapproximately20days.Whileestablishedwinemakingregionsfacechallengessuchasdroughtsandextremeweatherevents.Sweden'swineindustryisthriving.KullabergsVingardisoneofthewineriesbenefitingfromthesechanges.Itsexpertwinemaker.FelixÅhrberg,recognizesthenegativeimpactofrisingtemperaturesonvineyardsinmoretraditionalwine-producingcountries.Incontrast.heseesimmensepotentialfortheSwedishwineindustry.Currentlyproducingaround30.000bottlesperyear.Kullabergs'wineshavereceivedaccoladesandaresoldinhighendrestaurantsacrossEuropeandHongKong.Interestingly,someFrenchwinemakershavechosentosettleinSwedentopursuetheirgrapecultivation（种植）andwinemakingcareers.EmmaBerto,aFrenchwinemakerworkingatThoraVingard,locatednearÅhrberg'svineyard,highlightsSweden'smorepredictableclimateasasignificantadvantagecomparedtoFrance.ShesaystheyalsovaluethefreedomandflexibilityprovidedbySweden'slessregulatedwinemakingsector,allowingforsustainablegrape-growingpracticessuchasreduceduseofinsecticides.InSweden.thereareseveralkindsofgrapesfromFrance.suchasChardonnay.MerlotandPinotNoir.ButSwedishwinemakersprimarilyfocusoncultivatingSolarisgrapes,avarietyoriginatingfromGermany.However,theyhavealsodevelopeduniquevineyardmanagementtechniques.Forinstance,inSweden.leavesareoftenremovedfromthevinestoensurebettersunlightexposureforthegrapes,apracticethatdiffersfromtheconcernsaboutexcessivesunlightexposureincountrieslikeFranceandSpain.28.WhathascontributedtothegrowthofSweden'swineindustry?A.Longergrowingseasonsdue1oclimatechange.B.MuchinterestfromconsumersinEurope.C.Strictregulationsinthewinemakingsector.D.Amoretraditionalwayofwinemaking.29.WhatisareasonwhysomeFrenchwinemakerssettleinSweden?A.SwedishwinesareinhighdemandinFrance.B.Francehasbannedwinemakingduetoclimatechange.C.Sweden'scolderclimatebenefitsFrenchgrapevarieties.D.Swedenoffersmorefreedomandflexibilityinwinemaking.30.WhatkindofgrapesismainlygrowninSweden?A.Merlot. B.Solaris. C.PinotNoir. D.Chardonnay.31.WhatdoSwedishwinemakersdotoensurebettersunlightexposureforgrapes?A.Removingleavesfromthevines.B.Growinggrapeswithoutshelter.C.Providingartificiallightingatnight.D.Usingreflectivesurfacestoredirectsunlight.DSomereadersmajoringincomputingdisciplinemightask,"What'sallthisgottodowithme?Ijustwanttodevelopacomputersystem.buildawebsiteorcreateacomputeranimationandwriteareportaboutI,notcollectandanalysedataormakearguments."Theresponseisthatdesigningandcreatinganykindofcomputer-basedproductisstillaformofresearch,whichrequiresfindingorgeneratingdata.analysingitanddrawingconclusions.Theresearchquestionis."Isitpossibletodevelopacomputer-basedproducttodoX?"Inordertodefinethatquestionfully（forexample.WhatisX?WhyisitimportanttohaveacomputersystemtodoX?）,andthentoanswerit.youwillhavetogatherdataaboutthecomputer-basedproductrequired,generateyourowndatatodocumenthowandwhyyoudesignedandimplementedtheproduct.andtestthecomputer-basedproductandobtainuserorviewerfeedback.whichwillinvolvemoredatagenerationandanalysis.Ultimately.youwillhavetoconvincethereadersofyourreportthatyouwentaboutthedesignanddevelopmenttasksinasystematicway,finding.generatingandanalysingappropriatedata,sothatyoucoulddrawconclusionsaboutwhetherornotyoucouldindeeddevelopacomputersystemtodoX.Ofcourse.somesystemsdevelopmentisfairlytrivial,forexample.usingaPC-basedsoftwarepackagetobuildadatabasetokeeptrackofyourmusiccollection.Tosatisfyacademicsasavalid（有效的）pieceofresearch.thecomputer-basedproductmustcontributesomethingnew,forexample,thesystemincludessomenewfunctionsnotpreviouslyautomatedusingInformationTechnology（IT）,oritsdesignisbasedonanewtheoryoralgorithm.orthesystemexhibitssomenewartisticideas.ViewingthedesignandcreationofcomputersystemsasresearchisdiscussedmorefullyinChapler8.Asexplainedabove,increasinglyresearcherswhobuildcomputer-basedproductsarealsobeingencouragedtoevaluatetheirproductsinuse.Effectively,anewresearchquestionisbeingaddedtodesignandcreationprojects-Whathappenswhenthecomputer-basedproductisusedinpracticeorviewedbyanaudience?Toanswerthatquestion,researchershavetouseoneormoreoftheotherstrategiesanddatagenerationmethodsdescribedinthisbook.32.Whydoestheauthorbeginthetextwithquotesfromreaders?A.Toprovideevidence. B.Toleadinthetopic.C.Topresenttheargument. D.Toreviewwhatisdiscussed.33.Whyisdesigningandcreatingacomputer-basedproductviewedasresearch?A.Ithasthesameprocessasaresearch.B.Itservesthesamepurposeasaresearch.C.Itneedsthesamequalificationsasaresearch.D.Itfacesthesamedifficultiesasaresearch.34.Whatistheclosestinmeaningto"trivial"inparagraph4?A.Abstract. B.Important. C.Simple. D.Creative.35.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Abookreport.C.Theintroductiontoabook. D.Themainbodyofabook.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文.从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项HowtoBecomeMentallyHealthyExerciseisoneofthemosteffectiveways.36Everyonemustmakeitahabitofexercisingforatleast30minutesdaily.Youcandoitathomeifyoucan'taffordtogotothegymorfitnessclubs.ThereareplentyofvideosontheInternetthathelppeoplebecomefitbyexercisingathome.So.stopgivingexcusesandstartworkingout.Readinghelpyoulearnaboutlifeexperiencesandthoughtprocessofpeoplethatyouwillnevermeetinyourlife.37So,trytoreadagoodbookforatleast30minutesdaily.38Ifyouneedtobehappyinyourlife,youmustlearntoliveinthepresent.Hence,meditating（冥想）for5-10minuteswillhelpyouimproveyourmentalhealthbylivinginthemoment.Avoidnegativepeople.Everyoneofushassomepeopleinourlifewhoseonlyjobistodemotivateothersandmakethemfeellow.Ifyouhavethatkindofpersoninyourlife,it'sbettertomaintainsomedistancefromthemifyouwanttolivepeacefully.39So,it'sbettertochangeyourcompanyorbealoneinsteadofwastingtimewiththosepeople.Thesearesomeofthehabitsthatyoucanapplyinyourlifetobecomementallyhealthy.40A.Staypositiveratherthanpassive.B.Meditationhelpsustrainourmindstoliveinthepresent.C.Thesepeoplewillonlymakeyoufeelworthlessandnothingelse.D.Followthesehabits.andwecancertainlybenefitfromthemandimproveourmentalhealth.E.Itmakespeopleremoveallthewastefromtheirbodyandletonlythepositivityenterinside.F.Ihopeyouwilllovethemandstartlivingyournewlifebyimprovingmentalhealthwiththesehabits.C.Then,youcanlearnaboutmanypeopleandtheirstoriestoremoveyourmentalblockageandlearnanewwayoflivingyourlife.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydaughteroverboughtoverthelasttwomonthssoherfoodpantry（储存室）wasfull.Sheaskedmeto41twofullboxesofdrygoodstothelocalfoodpantry.Iwashappytodosoand42.Atthefoodpantry.Iwas43bytheenthusiasm,thejoy,andthelovewithwhichherfoodwasreceived.Wewere44overandoverandasIdrovehomesmilingmymindwentbacktoanothertimewhenweweretheonesinneed.Moneywas45then.Mysalarybarelypaidtherentandextrabillsthatmonthhadcutbackonthemoneywehadsavedforthegroceries.Mynextcheckwasaweek46andwedidn'thaveenough47togetusthere.Wewenttoafoodpantry.Iwatchedourlittlekidsplayingoutsidewhilemy48pickedupaboxfulloffoodtofeedus.Iwas49andscared.Ihadneverhadtoseek50likethisbeforeandIjusthopeditwouldbeenoughsoourchildrenwouldn'tgo51thatweek.Myheartisfilledwith52whenmywifefinallywalkedoutwitha（n）53onherfaceandtheboxinherarms.AndaswedrovehomeIsilentlythankedand54forallthegoodpeoplewhohadgiven.Theworldweliveonisonehugecircleoflove.Takeyourplaceinthecircle.Never55togiveagiftoflove.41. A.show B.donate C.lend D.sell42. A.cutthemup B.holdthemback C.leftthemout D.tookthemover43. A.confused B.freed C.impressed D.doubted44. A.corrected B.convinced C.tested D.thanked45. A.useful B.magical C.tight D.abstract46. A.away B.long C.down D.past47. A.energy B.food C.patience D.time48. A.wife B.husband C.mother D.father49. A.bored B.proud C.nervous D.responsible50. A.advice B.help C.outcome D.protection51. A.cold B.hungry C.tired D.thirsty52. A.gratitude B.leisure C.motivation D.recognition53. A.anger B.regret C.disappointment D.smile54. A.commented B.investigated C.prayed D.requested55. A.hesitate B.negotiate C.pretend D.threaten第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahassetupits56（one）deepspaceexplorationlaboratorywiththepurposeofcarryingoutdeepspaceexplorationaswellascutting-edgetechnologyresearchinthefieldofspaceflight.Thelaboratory,57（locate）inAnhuiprovince,isanewtypeofscienceandtechnologyresearchanddevelopmentinstitutionthatrealizestheintegrationofscience,technologyandengineering.Thelaboratoryis58（support）deepspaceexplorationandcarryoutfrontier,59（base）andstrategicresearchinthefield.Itwillalsoundertakeresearchanddemonstration.Thelaboratoryisanopenplatform60internationaltalentscancometowork.Afterthe61（complete）oftheTianwen1mission,ChinawillalsoplananumberofTianwenseriesofplanetaryexplorationmissionstoexplorethevastnessofspace.62willbetheTianwenII.TianwenTianwenIV,etc.Themaintaskofthefollow-upistoexploretheasteroids（小行星）indeepspace.Theasteroidsamples63（collect）back.Afterthat,ChinawillbepreparedtoexploreJupiterandotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.64（hope）tocompletetheexplorationof100astronomicalunitsin2049,toreach15billionkilometersfromEarth,oreven65theedgeofthesolarsystem.第四部分写作（共两节，分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Helen来信说到对你家乡的某一景点