专题01 词汇知识梳理一：Unit 1-Unit 3（解析版）-2021-2022学年八年级英语下学期期末考点大串讲（牛津上海版）

专题01词汇知识梳理一：Unit1-Unit3Unit1:TreesI．重点词汇1.fightern.斗士；战士Thepolicefinallyarrestedthosefighters.警察最终逮捕了那些打架的人。【拓展】fightn.打架，战斗，斗志Thetwoboyshadafight.两个男孩打了一架。fightv.(fought;fought)（常与against，with连用）打仗；战斗fightforsth.为...而斗争fightwithsb.和某人打架Theheroesallfoughtforfreedom.那些英雄为自由而斗争。2.supposev.推想，假设Scientistssupposedthattheearthwillrunoutofitsresourceinthe20years.科学家们猜想地球上的资源将会在20年后用完。【注意】suppose（that），表示猜测，认为，若主句是否定形式，用法同guess/think/believe，且主语为第一人称，应将否定前移到主句。Idon’tsupposehisanswerisright.我认为他的答案是不对的。3.pureadj.纯的，纯粹的，纯净的Weneedpurewater.我们需要纯净水。【拓展】purityn.纯洁purelyadv.纯洁的naturaladj.自然的，自然界的naturaldisaster自然灾害Itisnaturalforacattocatchmice.猫捉老鼠是本能。【知识拓展】naturen.自然，自然界，大自然Weneedtobemoreclosertonature.我们应该多接近大自然。releasev.释放，解放releasefrom从...释放releaseinto释放到...中releaseoxygenintotheairFourthieveswerereleasedfromthepolicestation.四名小偷从警察局里被释放了。【拓展】releasen.释放；解脱Shecanexpectanearlyreleasefromprison.她有望早一点儿出狱。6.chemicaln.化学物质，药品Chemicalscankilltheinsectsinthefields.化学药品能杀死地里的害虫。【拓展】chemicaladj.化学的chemistryn.化学chemistn.化学家，药剂师7.communicatev.沟通，通信communicatewithsb.与某人沟通Westudentsshouldcommunicatewithourparents.我们学生应该多和父母沟通。【拓展】communicationn.沟通8.hardlyadv.刚刚，几乎不Ithardlysnowshereinwinter.这里的冬天几乎不下雪。【拓展】hardadj.坚固的；困难的Theylivedahardliveafterthedisaster.灾难过后他们过着困苦的生活。ahardstone一块坚硬的石头adv.努力地，剧烈地Ialwaysstudyhard.我总是好好学习。Itwasraininghardlastnight.昨晚雨下得很大。9.warnv.警告warnsb.aboutsth.警告某人某事warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要做某事Imustwarnyounottogoout.Thereisastorm.我必须警告你不要出门，外面有暴风雨。【拓展】warningn.提醒；警告Becauseofherwarning,Iwascareful.由于她的提醒，我很小心。livingadj.活着的theliving活着的人们【拓展】livelyadj.活泼的alivelyclass/pictureliveadj.现场的，直播的alivefootballmatchaliveadj.活着的（只作表语）keep/stayaliveⅡ.重点短语1.beinterestedin对……感兴趣Peterisinterestedinplayingfootball.彼得对踢足球感兴趣。【辨析】interestingVSinterestedinteresting形容词，意为“有趣的”。Wearegoingtoshowaninterestingexperiment.我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。interested形容词，意为“对……感兴趣”，短语be/becomeinterestedin。Areyouinterestedinhistory?你对历史感兴趣吗？同类词：exciting/excitedrelaxed/relaxingsurprising/surprisedinteresting/interested(一般情况下ing修饰物，ed修饰人)2.ontheendof…在……的末端Thereisaballontheendofthestring.在绳子的另一端有一个球。【辨析】intheend最后（可用于将来时）attheendof在……末（可指时间或空间）bytheendof到……为止（用于时间）ontheendof在……末端上3.protect…bydoingsth.通过……保护......Theoldmanprotectthewildanimalsbydrivingawaythehunters.这个老人通过赶走猎人来保护野生动物。同类词：protect……from保护……远离stop/keep/prevent……from阻止...远离4.join…together将……连在一起Thetreesnearbycanjointheirrootstogether.周围的树木可以将它们的根系交织在一起。【拓展】join还有“加入，参加”的意思，加入组织，团体，人群takepartin参加具体的活动enterfor报名参加enterforanEnglishcompetition报名参加英语竞赛take参加考试takeanexam参加考试attend参加会议attendameeting/class参加会议/听课5.indanger处于危险中Weshouldsavetheanimalsindanger.我们应该拯救处于危险中的动物。【反义词】outofdanger脱离危险Theanimalsareoutofdangerwithourhelp.在我们的帮助下，动物脱离了危险【拓展】dangerousadj.危险的beindanger=bedangerousFireisdangerous.Wechildrenshouldkeepawayfromit.小试牛刀1I、Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.(将下列单词前的字母填写在下面的横线上。每个的那次只能用一次)leavesB.waysC.holdD.holdE.circleTherearemanykindsoftrees,buttheyarealikeinsome1.Alltreeshavetrunks(树干).Alltreeshavebranches.Alltreeshaveleavesorneedles.Alltreeshaveroots.Treeshavemanyshapes(形状).Sometreeslooklikea2.Sometreeslooklikeatriangle(三角形).Alltreeshavetrunks.Thetrunkofatreegetsbiggerasitgrows.Alltreeshavebranches.Thebranchesgrowfromthetrunks.Alltreeshaveleaves.Theleavesofalltreesdonotlookalike.Manytreeslosetheir3infall.Theygrownewonesinspring.Theneedlesstaygreenallthetime.Whentheneedlesfalloff,somenewneedlesgrow.Alltreeshaveroots.Therootshelp4thetreesintheground.Thewaterfromthesoilgoesintotherootstohelpthetreegrow.Alltreeshaveseeds.Theydonotalllookalike.Newtreesgrowfromtheseeds.1________2.________3.________4.________muchB.buildC.makeD.warmE.coolSomeanimalsusetheseedsforfood.Someanimals5theirhomesinthetrunkofatree.Birdsmaketheirhomesonthebranchesofatree.Trees.cankeepuscool.Itis6coolertositintheshadeofatreethanitistositinthehotsun.Manytreesarecutdownforustouse.Weusethewoodinourfireplacesowecankeep7.Weusethewoodtomakepaper.Wealsousethewoodfromtreesto8houses.Childrenusetreesforfun,too.5、________6.________7.________8.________II.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthewords.(用所给词的适当形式填空)9、Noneoftheknowhotreescommunicatewithoneanother.(science)10、Everyonehasthedutytoprotectthebalance.(nature)11、Thevegetablesgrownwithareharmfultopeople’shealth.(chemistry)12、Don’tourEarthinyourdailylife.It’souronlyhome.(pollution)13、I’msorryforwhatIsaidyesterday.(real)14、Takingpartinsportscanhelpyoutokeepandenjoylife.(health)答案：I.1-4BEAC5-8CADBII.9.scientists10.natural11.chemicals12.pollute13.really14.healthyUnit2:WaterⅠ.Importantwords:I．重点词汇1.washbasinn.洗脸盆Waterwaspouringintothewashbasin.水正在流入洗脸盆。【辨析】wash“洗”basin“水池，盆”wash-basin合在一起就变成了洗脸盆。washbasin一般指固定在浴室中的洗脸盆，而厨房中的水槽则一般称为sink.2.vanishv.消失，突然不见Thecloudshavevanishedandit’safinedaynow.云消失了，现在天晴了。【拓展】vanishintotheair/fromsight消失不见vanishindarkness在黑暗中消失vanishintonothing化为乌有【辨析】vanish的语气强，指突然间化为乌有，强调非常彻底地，神秘地消失，失踪。Themanranintotheshopandvanishedfromsight.那个人跑进商店后就消失在视线中。disappear是普通用词，语气没有vanish强烈，强调从视线或脑海中消失。这消失可能是暂时的/突然的或永久的，视情况而定。Whenspringcomes,thesnowdisappears.春天来了，雪消失了。3.freezev.突然停止，惊呆Hefrozeinfrontoftheaudience.他在观众面前吓呆了。★freezev.冷冻，冷藏（食物）Weoftenfreezefoodinthefridge.我们通常在冰箱里冷藏食物。【重点】freeze-froze-frozenfrozenadj.冷冻的freezingadj.寒冷的Idon’twanttoeatfrozenfoodinthisfreezingweather.我不想在这个寒冷的天气里吃冷冻食物。4.impatientadj.不耐烦的，急躁的Youshouldn’tbeimpatienttoyourparents.你不应该对你的父母不耐烦。【拓展】patientadj.有耐心的Sheisalwayspatientwiththosenaughtychildren.她总是对这些顽皮的孩子有耐心。patiencen.容忍，耐心Ihavenopatiencewithhimagain.我对他不再有耐心了。patientn.病人Thesepatientswillbecured.这些病人将会被治愈。5.obeyv.服从，顺从Soldiershavetoobeyorders.军人必须服从命令。【拓展】★disobeyv.不服从★不同单词的否定前缀important-unimportantregular-irregularlegal-illegallike-dislikenormal-abnormal6.comfortablyadv.安乐地，舒适地Hesatcomfortablyinhisbed.他舒服地躺在床上。【拓展】comfortableadj.舒适的，舒服的Helivesacomfortablelife.他过着舒适的生活。comfortv.安慰，鼓舞n.安乐，舒适，安逸Helivesacomfortablelife.=Helivesincomfort.他过得很舒服。Shecomfortedthesadgirl.她安慰这个难过的女孩。7.speedv.加速，加快Hewasarrestedforspeeding.他因超速行车而被捕。【辨析】speed指快速的运动或行动。Thetrainspedthroughthecountryside.火车从乡间飞驰而过。hurry意指比通常快得多的速度，经常伴随着混乱或骚动。Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.快点，否则你会迟到。8.relaxv.放松，休息Iwanttorelaxmyselfafterhardwork.辛苦的工作过后，我想放松一下。【拓展】relaxationn.放松relaxedadj.轻松的Afterhearingaboutthegoodnews,Ifeltrelaxedalot.听到好消息之后，我感到放松了许多。9.pumpv.用泵输送Thevillagershadpumpedthewelldryandcouldgetnomorewater.村民们已把井水抽干了，再也抽不出水来了。【拓展】pumpn.泵；水泵inflatetireswithapump用气泵给轮胎充气10.preciousadj.宝贵的，贵重的Nothingismorepreciousthanfriendship.没有什么比友情更宝贵的了。【拓展】近义词valuable/costly反义词worthless11.replyn.答复，回复v.回答，答复Thebossgavemeasatisfyingreply.老板给了我一个满意的答复。【拓展】inreply(to)为答复……；作为对……的答复make(no)reply（不）作答复replyforsb.代表某人作答辩／答谢祝酒replyto回答，答复IwillreplytoAmy’sletterassoonaspossible.我会尽快给Amy答复。【辨析】answer较常用，如：answeraquestion(thedoorbell,thephone,theletter,etc.)Hehasansweredmyletter.（此句仅表明他回了我的信。说明他已经收到我的信。）而reply则较正式，意指经过深思熟虑后答复对方的问题和论点。Hehasrepliedtomyletter.（此句表明他将我信中的问题都一一回答了。）相同点：与to搭配使用theanswertothequestion问题的答案thereplytotheletter信的回复Ⅱ.Importantphrases:1.lookround=lookaround环顾四周Helookedaroundbutsawnobody.他往四周看，可是没看见任何人。【拓展】lookat看，朝……看lookafter照料lookback(与on，to连用)回想，记起lookdownon轻视，看不起lookfor寻找lookforwardto盼望，期待looklike看起来像lookon/upon看作lookout注意，当心lookoutof朝……外看lookover翻阅，浏览lookround环视lookthrough从头看完，透视lookup在书中查到，查阅（词典）lookupanddown上下打量2.enjoytheview欣赏风景Wewanttogooutingtoenjoytheviewofthenature.我们想外出去欣赏大自然的风景。【拓展】inmyview=inmyopinion=frommypointofview在我看来3.finishwith完成，结束Hefinishedwiththework.他完成了这项工作。finishdoingsth.完成某事Iwillfinishwritingthisbooksoon.我会尽快写完这本书。4.drop…into…把…扔到…Weshouldn’tdroprubbishontheground.我们不应该把垃圾扔在地上。【拓展】dropintosth.偶然访问（某人或某地），顺便访问Wedroppedintoapubonthewaytothehotelyesterday.昨天去旅馆的路上，我们顺便去了个酒吧。5.speeddown快速下滑Thatyoungclimberspeddownthecliffintothevalley.那个年轻的登山者顺着悬崖跌至了山谷。【拓展】speed-sped-sped反义词：speedup加速6.remembernottodosth.记得不要做某事Youmustremembertoturnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.走之前记得必须要关灯。【拓展】remembertodosth.记得要去做某事(未做)rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事（已做）类似单词：forgetstopcontinue7.meanby…意思是…Whatdoyoumeanbysayingthat?你那样说是什么意思？小试牛刀2I. Fillintheblankswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.1.Theboyislyingonthebed (comfortable)andlisteningtomusic.2. Mybrotherisalways (patient)whenheisdoinghishomework,sohealwaysmakesmistakes.Theman's (work)becamefamousafterhedied.Thebosshasaplantousefewerworkerstodo (much)work.Ken'svoicesounded (puzzle)whenheheardastrangevoice.【keys】I.1.comfortably2.impatient3.works4.more5.puzzled Choosetherightwordtocompletethesentence.Itisunhealthyforchildrentoaddtoomuchsugar(to/for)themilk.Doyouknowthechemicalsymbol(to/for)Oxygen?Whatdothewomentouristsmean(in/by)sayingthat?OurEnglishteachertolduswhatthewordmeant(in/by)English.ProfessorWhiteistalking(about/with)Simonabouthisplan.【keys】Ⅱ.1.to2.for3.by4.in5.withworkasB.differentC.relaxD.sameE.coolestDoesajobmeanthatyouhavetoworkinanofficefromMondaytoFriday?Doesajobalwaysmeanthatyouhavetodothe42thingseveryday?Jobsarepartoflife.It'snecessarytodojobstobealive,butcanyoudreamofjobslikethese?Herearesomeofthe43jobsintheworld.Theymightsurpriseyou!Top1IslandCaretakerBenSouthallprobablyhasthebestjobintheworld.Heusedto44acaretakerofanAustralianislandforsixmonthsandgot111,000Australiandollarsforthework.Helivedinathree-bedroomhousewithabigswimmingpool.Hisworkwastoswim,playand45onHamiltonIslandontheGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁)whilewritingablogaboutthearea.Hisjobwasnamedas"thebestjobintheworld".________43.________44.________45.________muchB.buildC.makeD.warmE.coolTop2BedTestersAstudentfromBirminghamCityUniversityhadoneofthebestdreamjobsintheworld:sleepinginthejobandhavingabig46bedtoliein.RoisinMadiganhadbeenchosentotestthebedsforamonthandgot1,000poundsforit.Shehadto47from10a.m.to6p.m.inbedsinthecompany’sshowroomandthenwriteaboutherexperiencesinherblog.Top3BikeRiderGooglehashired(雇用)twoluckyyoungmentoride48Franceonbikestotakephotosofhistoricalplaces.Theriders,wearingGoogleT-shirtsarenowvisitingwell-knownplaces49theChateaudeVersailles(凡尔赛宫),theJardinduLuxembourg(卢森堡公园)andsoon.46.________47.________48.________49.________III.42-45DEAC46-49CDAEUnit3:ElectricityI．重点词汇1.servantn.仆人；佣人Herfamilyhasaservant.她家有一个佣人。【拓展】servev.服务，待客Hewillserveyouduringthedinner.他将会在晚餐时间服务你。servicen.服务Thetrainservicetothecapitalisverygood.开往首都的火车服务设施非常好。trickv.欺骗；坑人Hertrickedmeintogivinghimthemoney.他哄骗我给了他钱。（常与outof连用）骗走，恶作剧Hispartnertriedtotrickhimoutofhismoney.他的合伙人企图骗走他的钱。【拓展】trickn.诡计；骗术，花招Icandomagictricks.我会变魔术。playatrickonsb./makejokesaboutsb.开某人的玩笑Don’tplayatrickonthatpoorgirl.不要捉弄那个穷孩子。3.electricityn.电Thepowerstationsupplieselectricitytothisarea.这个电站供应这个区域的电。【拓展】electriciann.电工electricadj.发电的，由电产生的anelectricfan一个电风扇electricaladj.与电相关的anelectricalcompany一家电力公司特殊：electricalappliances电器4.flowv.流动Astreamflowedgentlydownintothevalley.一条小溪潺潺流进山谷。【拓展】flowaway流走；流逝flowdown流下flowinto流入Riversflowintothesea.江河流入海中。5.explanationn.解释；解说；说明Hisexplanationisveryridiculous.他的解释很荒唐。【拓展】explainv.解释；说明Canyouexplainwhyyouwerelate?你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗？explainsth.tosb.向某人解释某事Canyouexplainthemeaningofthiswordtome?你能跟我解释一下这个单词的意思么？6.scratchv.搔；挠Hescratchedhimselfunderhisarm.他在胳膊下面挠了挠。【拓展】（常与out，off，through连用）刮掉，削去；擦去：删掉；划掉Youcanscratchmynameoffthelist.你可以把我的名字从名单上勾掉。7.invisibleadj.看不见的；无形的Airisinvisible,butwecanfeelitwhenitmoves.空气是看不见的。【拓展】visibleadj.看得见的；明显的；显著的visionn.视力Thewarninglightswereclearlyvisible.警示信号灯清晰可见。Leaveanyvaluablesinyourcaroutofsight.把贵重物品留在车里看不见的地方。8.formn.形状；形式Thediseasecantakeseveraldifferentforms.这种疾病可能有几种不同的形式。【拓展】formn.方式；制度Differentschoolshavedifferentformsofgovernment.不同的国家有不同的政治制度。reformv.改革9.energyn.能量Youngpeopleseemtohaveboundlessenergy.年轻人似乎有无穷的能量。【拓展】energeticadj.精力充沛的Heisanenergeticchild.他是个精力旺盛的孩子。【辨析】energy,force,power,strengthenergy在物理学定义中为“能”“能量”,用于生理学上指“精力”。power系一般用语,可指动力、思维能力等各种力量或能力。Acarneedsalotofpowertogofast.汽车高速行驶需要很大动力。strength指某人或某物所具有的内在力量,可指体力、力气或抽象的力量。Unionisstrength.团结就是力量。force指的是物质或精神力量,多指为做成某事而使用的力量,也常指武力。Theriotersweretakenawaybyforce.聚众闹事者被强行带走。10.connectv.连接，联合Couldyouconnectthiscomputertothetelevision?你能把电脑和电视机连上吗？【拓展】connectwith和……有联系，和……有关Youneedtoconnectwithyouraudience.你需要和你的观众有所交流。Heisconnectedwiththemurder.那件谋杀案和他有关。11.buryv.埋葬，掩埋Sheburieditundersomeleaves.她把它藏在一堆树叶下面。Heburiedhimselfinhiswork.他埋头工作。【拓展】beburiedin专注于，专心于=beabsorbedinSheisalwaysburiedinherwriting.她总是专注于她的写作。12.containv.包含，含有Thisdrinkdoesn'tcontainanyalcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。【辨析】containVShold两个单词都含“包含，容纳”的意思。contain着重“其中包含有”。Thebottlecontainswater.这个瓶子里有水。hold指“能容纳”。Thebuscanhold40people.这辆公交能容纳20人。Ⅱ.Importantphrases:apacketofsweets一包糖果常见量词的用法：①表示定量的量词词组：a couple of（两个、一对） a couple of days ②表示不定量的量词词组：a majority of（大多数／大半） a majority of opinions③表示大量的量词词组：a flood of—a flood of ink（洋洋大篇） a flood of tears（泪如泉涌）；a heap of—a heap of earth（一堆泥土） a heap of customers（许多顾客）；a mountain of—a mountain of debts（债台高筑） a mountain of difficulties（困难重重）。④表示少量的量词词组：a drop of—a drop of fever（有点热度） a drop of dew（一点露水）；a particle of—a particle of feeling（一丝感情） a particle of dust（一点灰尘）；a shadow of—a shadow of doubt（一点怀疑） a shadow of freedom（一点自由）inaway在某种程度上【拓展】intheway挡路inthisway以这种方式/方法ontheway(to)在(去...的)路上bytheway顺便说一句becarefulwith小心【拓展】caren./v.关心，在意carefuladj.仔细的，小心的carefullyadv.仔细地carefor=takecareof=lookafter关心，照顾careabout在意dealwiththisproblem处理问题howtodealwiththisproblem如何处理问题=whattodowiththisproblem【拓展】dealv.处理n.(一)笔Iaminapositiontosaveyouagooddealoftime.我能够为你节省许多时间。encouragepeopletobehave...鼓励人们去...encouragesb.todosth.鼓励别人做某事【拓展】encouragementn.鼓励Withoutyourencouragement,Icouldn’tpasstheexam.没有你的鼓励，我不能通过考试。小试牛刀3Ⅲ.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthewords.(用所给词的适当形式填空)MrChendidn'tuseanyonhisfruit.(chemistry)Mosttorchesworkontwo.(battery)Hehadnoforwhyhewaslate.(explain)Therewaslittlechangeintheirlives.(day)WhileIwascookingdinner,thewentoff.(electric)Hewasangrywithhimselfforhavingmadesuchamistake.(fool)Ⅲ.50.chemicals51.batteries52.explanation53.daily54.electricity55.foolish当堂检测一、用所给单词的正确形式填空(共0分)Fillintheblanksaccordingtothephonetictranscription.Almosteveryonetoday____1____/juːzɪz/electricityinonewayoranother.Itishardtoimaginewhatlifeinourcities____2____/wʊd/belikewithoutit.Electricity____3____/laɪts/streetsandbuildings,andwarmspeopleandanimals.Itheats____4____/fuːd/incookersandcoolsitinrefrigerators.Itdrivestrainsandworks____5____/træfɪk/lightsandlifts.It____6____/ɔːlsəʊ/worksthemachinesinfactoriesthatmakeallkindsofgoods.Everydaywonderssuchascomputersandtelevisionsuseelectricityto____7____/brɪŋ/entertainmentandnewstomillionsoffamilies.Invillagesandonfarms,electricalmachines____8____/mɪlk/thecowsandchoptheirfood.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）：9．Gracegavetheroomathorough_____thismorning,(clean)10．Bobisgoodat_____.Heoftenmakesmoremoneythanothers,(busy)11．The_____timeIflewonaplane,Iwasreallynervous,(one)12．Everyoneshouldlearntospeaktoothers_____.(polite)13．Wewilleatsomeofthefruitsand_____therest,(freezing)14．Shedidn'tsound_____whenItoldherthenews,(surprise)15．Let'staketheliftuptotherestaurantonthe_____floor,(twenty)16．Hefeltrather_____lyinginthesofa,(comfortably)17．Make_____athome,everyone.(you)18．Ihavestayedherefortwo_____.(month)Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.19．Childrenshouldnoteattoomuchjunkfoodbecauseitis_______.(healthy)20．Thenewteacherbeganhisclassafterheintroduced_______.(he)21．Abathusesevenmorewaterthanashower-about_______asmuch.(two)22．Jackisaniceman.Hedecidestobea_____inthefuture.(science)23．Thecomputercan_______workoutthedifficultprobleminnotime.(easy)24．Noise_______isbecomingmoreandmoreseriousnow.(pollute)25．Policemenareour_____againstthecrimeinourcity.(fight)26．UncleTomopenedashopthatsells_____foods.(nature)27．Allofuswere_____inthat_____shortplay.(interest)28．Thescientistusesa_____tocleanupthewater.(chemistry)29．Theladywithlonghairismynew_____teacher.(chemical)30．Amodern40-storeybuildingwill_____thehouses.(place)31．Lookatthissign!Itis_____todivehere.(danger)32．Toomuchsunis_____totheskin.(harm)33．ThetheoryissodifficultthatI_____understandit.(hard)34．Treescanproducesomechemicalstoprotectthemselvesfrom_____hurt.(be)35．Dr.Chenwillmakea_____abouttheneedforchange.(speak)36．_____,ourteamwonthecompetition.(luck)37．TheEnglishnewspaperChina_____istoodifficultforsecondarystudentstoread.TheycanreadShanghaiStudents’Postinstead.(day)38．Agreat_____neverfearsorgivesup.(fight)Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.39．Hehasno________(explain)forwhyhewaslate.40．There’sthunderand________

(light).It’sgoingtorain.41．Jack’smotherhasworkedasa________

(serve)forarichfamilyfor15years.42．Taxi________

aredevelopingquicklyinShanghai.(serve)43．Thefarmersused________tokilltheinsectsintheirfields.(chemistry)44．Petercut________whenusingaknifetopeeltheapple.(he)45．Thefamouswriter________

twoyearsago.(dead)46．“MayIhavemypacketofelectricity?”Bennysaid________.(polite)47．Treescanbemadeintomany________.(produce)48．Youngpeopleusuallyhavemore________

thantheold.(energetic)49．The________

wascutoffwhenwedidn’tpaythebill.(electric)50．Iwas________

enoughtobelievewhatJacktoldme.(fool)51．Manyfamiliespaythebillfortelephones________.(month)52．Shealwayspaysher________ontime.(bill)53．Itwassocloudythatthetopofthemountainwas________.(visible)54．Atthesupermarketweboughtmany________.(battery)55．What’sthe________

oftheEnglishworld?(mean)56．MummadeabigchocolatecakeforlittleKevin’s________

birthday.(five)57．Myunclelikestogo________

withmeonasunnymorning.(fish)58．Whoisthefirstprize________

ofthereadingcompetition?(win)动词填空59．Thebowlisempty.He_______(eat)thefood.60．____________(improve)yourwriting,you'dbetterkeepadiary61．Wewereusedto____________(swim)everydaywhenwewerechildren.62．I'msurethemorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou_______(make)nexttime.63．Whereisyourfather?-Hemust_______(chat)withhisfriendonthephone.64．--_______theplane_______(arrive)?--Yes,itarrivedtenminutesago.65．When___theSmiths____(move)toFrance?Sorry,Idon’tknow,butIknowtheyhavelivedthereforquitealotofyears.66．_________Johnnever_________(fly)toCanadabefore?67．Tom______________(nottalk)tohiscousinsincethey_____(fight)witheachother.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）：68．Wegetelectricityfromthe

________(powerful)stationthroughwiresandcables.69．Wecanchangeelectricityintodifferentformsof___(energetic)thatwecansee，hearorfeel.70．The________(chemistry)insidebatteriesproduceelectricity.71．The________(servant)inthatrestaurantisquitegood.72．His________(behave)offendsagainsttherulesofgoodmanners.73．“Wedon’tuseelectricityhere,”theman________(explanation).74．Airis________(visible)，andit’sessentialtohumanbeings.75．Tohisfather’ssurprise，thenaughtyboybehaved________(impolite)infrontoftheguests.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothephonetictranscription.76．Treesremovedustand_____/prəˈdju:s/theoxygenwe____/bri:ð/.Treesreducesoundpollutionforcitycenterand_____/æd/beautytocities.77．Inthelast200years,morethan______/hɑ:f/ofallthetreesontheEarthhavebeendestroyed.Foreverytreebeing____/pla:ntɪd/today,30treesarebeing_____/kʌt/down.Weneedmoretrees.78．We______/wɔ:mlɪ/welcomeanyonewhowouldliketo______/dʒɔɪn/usinthisproject.词汇79．Theradiosaysitwillberainyinmostofthe_______(东部)partofmyhometowntomorrow.80．Moreandmorepeoplehave______(意识到)theimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.81．Peoplesay_______（现在）isagiftfromtheGod．82．Nowtheliving_____________(条件)arebecomingbetterandbetter.83．Onholidays，touristsliketogo_________(出国)becauseofthefreshair．84．TheInternetmakeseveryone______________(交流)withothersmoreeasily..85．______________(即使这样),thestoryitselfisveryinteresting.86．Theyareplanningtobuildafewnew_______(工厂)inthecountry.87．Ihaven’theardfromhimforalongtime,butIhavereceiveda___________(最近)photoofhisdaughter.88．BaiYansonghadan_______（采访）withthefamousscientistlastweek.参考答案：1．uses2．would3．lights4．food5．traffic6．also7．bring8．milk【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了现在人都用电，如果我们没有电，我们的生活将会是困难的。文章对电的作用加以了具体说明。1．句意：如今，几乎每个人都以一种或者另外一种方式在使用电。everyone是复合不定代词作主语，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。故填uses。2．句意：很难想象，在我们的城市，没有电生活会是什么样子的。would是情态动词，和其后的be动词原形一起作谓语。故填would。3．句意：电点亮了道路和建筑物，温暖了人和动物。light可用作动词，意为“点亮”。electricity作主语，其后谓语动词用单数。故填lights。4．句意：它可以在厨具中加热食物，在冰箱里冷却食物。food是不可数名词，意为“食物”。故填food。5．句意：它可以驱动火车，让交通灯和电梯工作。traffic是名词，意为“交通”。trafficlights，意为“交通灯”。故填traffic。6．句意：它也使工厂的机器工作，制造各种各类的商品。also是副词，意为“也”。根据音标可知此空填also。故填also。7．句意：每天神奇的东西，例如电脑和电视机使用电给数百万家庭带来娱乐和新闻消息。todo不定式表目的，to后接动词原形。故填bring。8．句意：在农村或者在农场，电力机械可以给奶牛挤奶，并且能够切碎食物。electricalmachines作主语，是复数形式，milk作谓语动词。故填milk。9．cleaning10．business11．first12．politely13．freeze14．surprised15．twentieth16．comfortable17．yourselves18．months【解析】9．cleaning句意：今天早上，格蕾丝把房间彻底打扫了一下。Giveathoroughcleaning意为彻底打扫。冠词a修饰名词，故填cleaning。10．business根据下一句他比其他人挣到更多的钱可知，鲍勃擅长做生意。短语begoodat擅长某事，介词at后跟名词作宾语。故填business。11．first句意：我第一次乘飞机飞行，我感到有点紧张。定冠词the放在序数词前面，所以用one的序数词first。12．politely句意：大家应该学习对他人礼貌地讲话。修饰动词speak用副词，故填politely。13．freeze句意：我们要吃些水果，剩下的冻起来。根据and前的动词eat是动词原形，它连接对等的成分，可知后面用动词原形freeze。14．surprised句意：当我告诉她这个消息时，她听起来并不吃惊。当描述人时，用动词的过去分词。第一句的主语是代词she，用过去分词修饰，故填surprised。15．twentieth句意：让我们乘电梯到20楼的饭馆。表示所在的楼层数用序数词，故填twentieth。16．comfortable句意：他躺在沙发上感到很舒服。系表结构中，用形容词作表语。故填comfortable。17．yourselves句意：大家像在家一样随便吧。短语makeoneself自主，随便。根据后面everyone人人可知是反身代词复数作宾语，故填yourselves。18．months句意：我已经在这里待了两个月。根据空格前的two两个可知，用复数months。19．unhealthy20．himself21．twice22．scientist23．easily24．pollution25．fighters26．natural27．

interested

interesting28．chemical29．chemistry30．replace31．dangerous32．harmful33．hardly34．being35．speech36．Luckily37．Daily38．fighter【解析】19．句意：孩子们不应该吃太多的垃圾食品，因为它是不健康的。系动词be后跟形容词，构成系表结构，结合“toomuchjunkfood”可知此处是“不健康的”，结合所给单词，故答案为unhealthy。20．句意：新老师在自我介绍后开始上课。当宾语和该句的主语为同一个人时要用反身代词，本句中的introducehimself表示“自我介绍”，结合所给单词，故答案为himself。21．句意：洗澡用的水甚至比淋浴还多——大约是淋浴的两倍。morethan…twiceasmuch表示“比两倍多”，结合所给单词，故答案为twice。22．句意：杰克是个优秀的人。他决定将来当一名科学家。不定冠词“a”后跟名词单数形式，结合所给单词，故答案为scientist。23．句意：计算机可以很容易地在短时间内解出这道难题。根据“workout”可知此处缺副词修饰动词，结合所给单词，故答案为easily。24．句意：噪音污染现在变得越来越严重。noisepollution表示“噪音污染”，结合“Noise_______isbecoming…”可知此处缺名词，作主语，结合所给单词，故答案为pollution。25．句意：警察是我们城市里打击犯罪的战士。形容词性物主代词后跟名词，因为policemen是复数形式，所以fighter也要复数形式，结合所给单词，故答案为fighters。26．句意：汤姆叔叔开了一家出售天然食品的商店。naturalfood表示“天然产品”，natural是形容词，修饰后面的名词food，结合所给单词，故答案为natural。27．句意：我们都对那个有趣的短剧感兴趣。词组beinterestedin表示“对……感兴趣”，interesting形容词（修饰物），有趣的，修饰后面的名词“shortplay”，结合所给单词，故答案为interested;interesting。28．句意：这位科学家使用一种化学物质来净化水。根据“a”可知此处缺名词单数，结合所给单词，故答案为chemical。29．句意：那位长头发的女士是我的新化学老师。chemistryteacher表示“化学老师”，结合“mynew_____teacher”，此处应该填学科名，结合所给单词，故答案为chemistry。30．句意：一座40层的现代建筑将取代这些房屋。will+动词原形，构成将来时；此处表示楼房代替房屋，结合所给单词，故答案为replace。31．句意：看这个标志!在这里潜水很危险。Itis+adj.todosth.是形式主语的结构，结合“Itis_____todivehere.”所以此处缺形容词，再结合所给单词，故答案为dangerous。32．句意：过多的阳光对皮肤有害。be+形容词，构成系表结构，根据“toomuchsun”可知太多的阳光对皮肤有害，结合所给单词，故答案为harmful。33．句意：这个理论太难了，我几乎听不懂。根据“Thetheoryissodifficult”可知这个理论太难了，所以此处是“几乎不能理解”，副词修饰动词“理解”，结合所给单词，故答案为hardly。34．句意：树木可以产生一些化学物质来保护自己不受伤害。介词from后跟名词或动名词，是介宾结构，结合所给单词，故答案为being。35．句意：陈医生将做一个关于改变的必要性的演讲。根据“a”可知此处缺名词单数，结合所给单词，故答案为speech。36．句意：幸运的是，我们队赢得了比赛。句首用副词修饰整个句子，根据“wonthecompetition”赢得比赛，可以推出句首用luckily，放句首，需大写。故答案为Luckily。37．句意：英文报纸《中国日报》对中学生来说太难了，他们可以看上海学生的帖子。ChinaDaily表示“中国日报”；结合所给单词，放句首，需大写。故答案为Daily。38．句意：伟大的战士从不惧怕或放弃。根据“Agreat”可知此处缺单数名词，结合“Agreat_____neverfearsorgivesup”可知此处是“战士”，结合所给单词，故答案为fighter。39．explanation(s)40．lightning41．servant42．services43．chemical