松江区2022学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷

松江区2022学年度第二学期模拟考质量监控试卷

高三英语

（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）

考生注意：

1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写

（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写学校、班级、姓名和考号。

3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Heneedstoruntotheexhibition.B.Heisinterestedintheexhibit.

C.Hehasmissedtheexhibitiontwice.D.He'dbetterbuyabookontheexhibit.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Simon,you'dbettergctothemuseumtomorrowifyouwanttoseetheexhibit.

M:Yeah.Idon'twanttomissitagain!

Q:Whatcanbelearnedabouttheman?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Givethecataway.B.Chooseagoodnameforthecat.

C.Leamtocareforthecat.D.Hide（hecalin（hedormitoryroom.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］M:WhatdoyouthinkIshouldnamethiscatIfound?

W:IfIwereyou,I'dfinditanewhome—youknowthedormitoryrules.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Anxious.B.Disappointed.

C.Confident.D.Confused.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Arcyouworriedaboutgettingajobaftergraduation?

M:No,notabit.TvegotseveralcertificatesoncomputingandteachingandI'vehadseveralgoodinterviews.

Q:Howdoes(hemanfeelaboutgellingajob?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件杳看】

A.Shedislikesdrivingtothetownatweekends.

B.It'sagoodideatogotothetownonSundays.

C.Peopleseldomcheckwhetherthestoresarcopen.

D.It'sfrustratingtofindstoresclosedafteralongtrip.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Haveyoucalledthestorestomakesurethey'reopenonSundays?

W:No,Ihaven't,butthat'sagoodidea.There'snothingworsethandrivingallthewayintothetownandfinding

everythingclosed.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件管看】

A.Doctorsshouldimproveefficiency.

B.Manypeoplefallillinthisseason.

C.Itisarelativelytoughyearfordoctors.

D.Theclinicwascrowdedthreehourslater.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Theclinicwassocrowdedwithpeoplethatittookmealmostthreehourstogelin.

M:Yeah,theclinicisalwaysbusythistimeofyear.

Q:Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?

6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Toagym.B.Toarestaurant.

C.Toadrugstore.D.Toabeach.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Lily,don'tfbrgcttobringyoursunglassesandsun-blockingcream.

W:Ok.Makesureyoubringthetowelsandthelemonjuice.

Q:Wherearetheyprobablygoing?

7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

AAtourofthehouse.B.Adrinktowarmup.

C.Aninvitationtotheparty.D.Aninspectionofthehouse.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Tmsogladyouareabletocometoourhouse-warmingcelebration.

M:Youreallyhavealovelyplace.Wouldyoushowmearound?

Q:Whatdoesthemanwant?

8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Theprintercannotfunctionnow.B.Themanhadbetterchecktheplug.

C.Thecomputerneedstobereplaced.D.Themanknowslittleabouttheprinter.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Ican'tgetmycomputerprintertowork.

W:Howcanthatbe?Isitpluggedir.?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Toturninthereport.B.Tolookforabettertypist.

C.Totypefbrthewoman.D.Totakethereporttoatypist.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:ThereportshouldbehandedinonMonday.PmsuchaterribletypistthatImayneverfinishit.

M:Wouldyoulikemetotakeoverforawhile?

Q:Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?

10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Becausetheoriginalsectionisunderrepair.

B.Becausetheyareplacedinthewrongsection.

C.Becausetheyaretransferredtoanothersection.

D.Becausehehastroubleseeingthingshighabove.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］M:I'mlookingfbrtissues,butIdidn'tsecanyunderPaperProducts.

W:Wc'rcmovingsomethingsaround.TissuesarcnowinSection8.

Q:Whycan'tthemanfindtissuesnow?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereach

passageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Ihepassagesandthe

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.

A.Ringsmadeoftubes.B.Coinswithahole.

C.Ringsmadeofcoins.D.Coinswithanancientsign.

12.

A.Whentogiveit.B.Whentobuyit.

C.Theoccasiononwhichpeoplewearit.D.Thehandonwhichpeoplewearit.

13.

A.Transformationofweddingrings.B.Waystomakeweddingrings.

C.Customsrelatedtoweddingrings.D.Commitmentinweddingrings.

【答案】U.B12.D13.C

【解析】

【原文】Atweddingsinmanypartsoftheworld,bridesandgroomsgiveeachotherweddingrings.Theserings

remindthemofthecommitmenttheymadetoeachotherwhenthey?otmarried.Theyarcalsoasigntoothersthat

theyaremarried.

Nooneknowsforsurehowthistraditionstarted,butthereisevidencethatitbeganlongagoinancientEgypt.

Coinsatthattimehadaholeinthecenter.AnEgyptiangroomusedtoplaceacoinonhisbride'sfingertoshowthat

hewouldsupportandtakecareofher.

Inmanyancientcultures,includingEgypt,thecircleisasymbolofendlessness.Theweddingringhascometo

symbolizeendlessloveandcommitment.

Weddingringshavealmostalwaysbeenonthefourthfinger,fortheancientEgyptiansbelievedthetube,where

bloodflows,wentdirectlytotheheart,butthehandit'swornondependsonwherepeoplelive.Insomecultures,

peopleweartheirringsonthelefthand,whileinothers,theywearthemontheright.

Howtheweddingringfitsisimportant.Somepeoplethinkthattheperfectfitoftheringsrepresentsaperfect

fitbetweenthecouple;atightringcanindicateenvy,andalooseringcanshowcarelessness.

(Now,listenagainplease)

Questions:

11.WhatdidancientEgyptiangroomsgivetheirbrides?

12.Whichofthefollowingabouttheweddingringvariesfromculturetoculture?

13.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Sheusedtobeadoctor.B.Shelovedriskysportssinceyoung.

C.Shewasfbndofschoollife.D.Shewasbornintoanadventurousfamily.

15.

A.Rewarding.B.Frightening.

C.Mysterious.D.Hazardous.

16.

A.Amelia'sbeliefinthedevelopmentofairtravel.

B.Amelia'sinitiativeandpioneeringworkinflying.

C.Amelia'sroleinarousingwomen'sinterestinflying.

D.Amelia'slifeexperienceandregretasawomanpilot.

【答案】14.B15.A16.B

【解析】

【原文】AmeliaEarhartwas(hefirstwomantomakeaflightonherownacrosstheAtlanticOcean,andthe

firstpersontofly2,400milesacrossthePacific.Shesetcountlessrecordsinherday.Attheageof39,sheattempted

anaround-thc-worldflight,butmysteriouslydisappearedintheSouthPacificduringthejourney.NotraceofAmelia

orherplanewaseverfound.

Asayoungchildshefearlesslyraceddownicyslopes.Ameliaandthisnewanddangeroussportofflyingwere

tobeanaturalcombination.Sincehernewinterestwasexpensive,AmeliasuspendedstudiesatColumbiaMedical

School,atage23,andbeganworking.Withthemoneysheearned,sheboughtaplaneandactivelypursuedher

interestinflying.NothingcouldkeepAmeliaawayfromhertruepassion—thewide,blueskies.

Ameliabeganspendingalotoftimeintheair.Shewasoneofthefewfemaleswhofirmlybelievedthatawoman

wascapableofdoinganythingthatamancoulddo.Heradventuresintheairconfirmedthis.Mostwomenofher

generationwerefrightenedofthose"flyingmachines''andmanyrefusedtolettheirhusbandstravelbyair!However,

Ameliasawbeforehandthegreatpotentialformassairtravel.Herfeelingsarebestexpressedinaletter"tobeopened

ineaseofdeath.nShewrote,44Happyfbrthelastgrandadventure!IwishIhadwon,butitwasworthwhileanyway.”

ThedetailssurroundingAmelia'sfortuneareuncertain,butonethingisdefinite—herflyingexploitswere

essentialtothedevelopmentofflightasweknowittoday.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

14.WhatcanhelearnedaboutAmelia?

15.HowdidAmeliafeelaboutherfight?

16.Whatisthisstorymainlyabout?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，清去附件查看】

17.

A.Tohelpthemanlearnmoreaboutthegardener.

B.Toshowthevalueoftakingadviceingardening.

C.Topublicize(heattractivenessofDorsetGardens.

D.Toinformpeopleofmoreguidelinesforgardening.

18.

A.Byattendingacollegecourse.B.ByvisitingKcwGarden.

C.Bylisteningtotalksongardening.D.ByreadngMargeryFisher'sbook.

19.

A.1(wasfullofcreativeangles.B.Itmadeherfamousin(hetown.

C.Itoccupiedarathersmallarea.D.ItwasnearherhouseinSomerset.

20.

A.Becauseit'sfiillofplantsgivenbyherfriends.

B.Becauseit'svisitedandappreciatedbytourists.

C.Becauseifswhereshespendsmuchtimewithothers.

D.Becauseit'sanoutdoorclassroomfbrbiologystudents.

【答案】17.A18.D19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Mrs.Whinfield,thankyouverymuchforallowingmetovisityourwonderfulgarden.Itreallyhelps

mealottowriteanarticleaboutyouforourpaper.Youknow,yourDorsetGardensisamust-seefbrvisitorstoour

town.Now,Iwonderif1couldaskyouafewquestions.

W:Yes,sure.

M:Couldyoutellmewhenyoubecameinterestedingardening?

W:Well,Iwasalwaysinterestedinwildflowers.Andin1980IreadMargeryFisher'sbookCollegeGarden

Flowers,whichwasfullofpracticaladviceandpersonalopinions.ButIwasreadingaboutplantsthatIdidn't

knew,soIstartedtoreadasmuchasIcouldandgotdifterentwriters'advice.

M:Yes,others'advicealwaysgivesusnewanglesofseeingthings.Anddoyoulikevisitinggardens?

W:IusedtovisitKewGardensalot.ThatwaswhenwelivedinWestLondon.Ilearnedalotfrommyvisits.By

theway,DorsetisoneofEngland'stwomostbeautifilltowns,theotheronebeingSomerset.Youmustknowthat.

I'mofteninvitedtogivetalkstobiologystudentsincolleges.

M:Yes,certainly.That'swhyIcamehere.Mm,now,whatwasyourfirstgardenlike?

W:Itwasavery(inypieceoflandwhichcamewithmyhouseinWestLondon.

M:Doyougrowmanyplantsyourself?

W:Idon'tgrowmanyplantsfromseeds,butIhaveseveralfriends,andweoftengiveeachotherplants.Mygarden

isaplacewhichoftenremindsmeofsomanypeoplethroughtheplantsthey'vegivenme.

M:Nowondervisitorssaytheycansensesweetnessinthegarden.Thankyousomuchfbryoursharing.W:It's

reallynicetohavetalkedwithyou.

(Now,listenagainplease)

Questions:

17.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheinterview?

18.Howdidthewomangetvaluableadviceingardening?

19.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman'sfirstgarden?

20.Whydocsthegardenremindthewomanofmanypeople?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblanks(omakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useoneword(hatbestfilseachblank.

AShortStretchBeforeBed

Manypeoplemaystruggletosleep.Ihavefoundonesmallchangethatallofuscouldmakeandtrulyworks:a

shortstretchbeforebed.

Studieshaveshownthatlow-levelphysicalactivities21usegentlestretching,likeyogaortaichi,help

withsleepquality.And22itisgoodtostretchanytimeofday.agentleandquietroutinebeforebedworks

besttohelpsendasignaltothebrainthatitisnowtimeforsleep.

Mostimportantly,stretchingdoesn'trequiremoney.There23(be)plentyofexerciseappsforyouto

buyorsubscribeto,andtheyallhaveguidingroutines.Ihavefoundthatthesubscription-basedappSveatand

Centrhasgood,shortroutinesandclearinstructions24(improve)yourform.Therearecountlesspersonal

trainersandyogainstructorsontheInternetwhohavebeengivingfreeclassestopeople25(stick)athome.

YogafromAdrieneisthebestknown,26ahugelibraryofvideosavailable.Ifyou'dratherperfectyour

techniqueinperson,you27alsofindfreeyogaandtaichilessonsinyourlocalconununilyandtakethose

lessonshome.

Andofcourse,28worksfbryouwilldependonyourcurrentphysicalstate.Tveseenwomenin

2980swhocoulddoacarnMee/(侧手翻)overmypoor,sufferingbody.SoclearlyIamnoexpert,bulI

30(stretch)rightbeforebedsincelastyearandhavefoundthatIalwayssleepbetteronthenightstha(I

doit.

【答案】21.that##which

22.whilc##though##although

23.are##havebeen

24.toimprove##improving

25.stuck26.with

27.can##could##may##might

28.what29.their

30.havestrctchcd##havcbeenstretching

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是睡前一小段伸展运动有助于睡眠。

[21题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，轻度伸展的低水平体育活动，如瑜伽或太极，有助于提高睡眠质量。分

析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词activities指的是物，所以

使用关系代词that或者which。故填that/whicho

【22题详解】

考查状语从句。句意：尽管在一天中的任何时候拉伸都很好，但睡前温和安静的常规活动最有助于向大脑

发送一个信号，告诉大脑现在是睡觉的时候了。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句

意可知，两个句子之间为让步关系意为“尽管”。故填while/though/although。

【23题详解】

考查谓语动词。句意：你可以购买或订阅很多锻炼应用程序，它们都有指导程序。分析句子结构可知，此

处为谓语动词，根据上文中的谓语动词doesn'trequire可知，此处应使用一般现在时态，therebe结构中谓

语动词的单复数形式取决于就近的名词plentyofexerciseapps,所以使用are：另外结合句意可知，此处可

以表示“已经拥有大量的应用叩ps供你购买或者订阅”，所以可是使用现在完成时态强调动借已经发生以

及对现在造成的影响，be动词后为名词复数，所以使用havebeen意为“已经存在"。故填are/have

been

【24题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现基于订阅的应用Sweatandcento■有很好的、简短的程序和明确的指导来改

善你的姿势。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，improve与shorlroulinesandclearinsiruclions

之间为主动关系，强调未发生的动作可以使用不定式形式；也可用现在分词。故填toimprove/improving。

【25题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：网上有无数的私人教练和瑜伽教练为困在家里的人提供免费课程。分析句子结构

可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，stick与people之间为被动关系，使用过去分词形式。故填stuck。

【26题详解】

考查介词。句意：Adriene的瑜伽是最著名的，有一个巨大的视频库。分析句子结构可知，此处为介词与

空后的名词短语构成介宾短语作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是“有”应使用介词with,故填with。

【27题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：如果你想亲自练习，你也可以在当地社区找到免费的瑜伽和太极课程，并把它们带

回家。分析句子结构可知，动词原形前应为情态动词，结合句意可知，此处表示的是“可以”应为

can/could/may/mighto

【28题详解】

考查主语从句。句意：当然，什么对你有效取决于你目前的身体状态。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引

导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用连接代词，结合句意，此处指的是事情。故填what。

【29题详解】

考查代词。句意：我见过8。多岁的女人在我口「怜、痛苦的身体上方做侧手翻。分析句子结构可知，此处

为固定短语“inone'+基数词的复数”结构，意为“在某人几十岁的时候”，所以此处填形容词性物主代

词，结合句意可知,此处指的是women。故填their。

【30题详解】

考查谓语动词。句意：所以很明显我不是专家，但从去年开始，我就在睡前做伸展运动，我发现在做伸展

运动的晚上我总是睡得更好。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状状语sinceIasiyear可知，

此处应使用现在完成时态，句子主语为复数，且与主语为主动关系，所以使用havestretched；结合句意，

此处也可以理解为“自从去年以来一直睡前作伸展运动”，所以此处也可使用现在完成进行时态，即have

beenstretching0故填haveslrelched/havebeenstretching<>

SectionB

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachword

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

AabusiveRhounds(二descriptionsD.dramaticEemergesF.essentially

G.fantasticH.promisesI.settingsJ.trustK.unusually

AreYouScaredofAI?

ArecentMonmouthUniversitysurveyhasfoundthatonly9percentofAmericansbelievethatcomputerswith

artificialintelligencewilldomoregoodthanharmtosociety.Whenthesamesuneywasconducted35yearsago

aboutoneinfivesaidAIwouldbenefitmankind.Inotherwords,peoplehavelesscomplete31inAInow

thantheydiddozensofyearsago,whenthetechnologywasmoresciencefictionthanreality.

"It's32thatthereispublicdoubtaboutALThereabsolutelyshouldbe,“saidMeredithBroussard,an

artificialintelligenceresearcherandprofessoratNewYorkUniversity.MostAmericans33agreewith

BrcussardthatAIhasaplaceinourlives,butnotforeverything.

Whenaskedquestionsabout34inwhichAImightbeused,mostpeoplesaiditwasabadideatouse

AIformilitaryaircraftthattrytodistinguishbetweenenemiesandcivilians.Somearcworriedaboutthe35

useofAIinpolicing,disturbingpeople'sprivacy.Mostrespondentssaiditwasagoodideafbrmachinesto

performriskyjobssuchascoalmining.

Theterm"AF'isacatch-allforeverything.1(canbetheconstantuseoftechnology,suchasourdaily

preferencetoautocompleteinwebsearchqueries(关健词).Itcanalsobethesoftwarethat36topredict

crimebeforeithappens.PeopleafraidofAImaybeinfluencedby37ofevilcomputersfrombooksand

movies—likeSkynef,thesnper-intelligcnfmachinesin“TheTcrmirAtcr“tnnviesRrailcardsaidthewaysAIcan

endupdestroyingyourqualityoflifewon'tbeas38asmurderousfictionalcomputers.

Actually,thefearofAI39duetothefactthatwcjustdon'tknowwhereAIisgoingandhowsoonit

wil]takeustogetthere.Technologymakessurprisingandunusualleapsand40inwaysweneverthinkit

will.Anyway,whetherwelikeitornot,artificialintelligenceisheretostay.

【答案】31.J32.G

33.F34.I

35.A36.H

37.C38.D

39.E40.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人们对人工智能的最新认识以及产生对人工智能恐惧的原因。

[31题详解】

考查名词。句意：换句话说，现在人们对人工智能的完全信任不如几十年前，当时这种技术更像是科幻小

说而不是现实。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“信任”为trust,且空

前有less修饰，所以此处为不可数名词。故选J项。

【32题详解】

考查形容词。句意：“公众对人工智能存在怀疑，这是一件了不起的事情。绝对应该有，"纽约大学人工

智能研窕员、教授梅雷迪思•布鲁萨德(MeredithBroussard)说。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表

语，结合句意可知，表示“了不起的”应为fantastic。故诜G项

【33题详解】

考查副词。句意：大多数美国人基本上同意布鲁萨德的观点，即人工智能在我们的生活中占有一席之地，

但并不是所有的事情都要人工智能。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰动词短语agreewith,

结合句意可知,此处表示“基本上”应为essentially。故选F项。

【34题详解】

考查名词。句意；当被问及人工智能可能被使用的场景时，大多数人表示，在试图区分敌人和平民的军用

飞机上使用人工智能是一个坏主意。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示

“场景”应为setting,且为可数名词，结合句意可知，人工是能使用的场景不只是一个，所以此处应用名

词复数，所以填settings。故选I项。

【35题详解】

考查形容词。句意：一些人担心在警务中滥用人工智能，侵犯人们的隐私。分析句子结构可知，此处为形

容词作定语修饰名词，结合句意可知，此处表示,'滥用的”应为abusive。故选A项。

【36题详解】

考查动词。句意：它也可以是承诺在犯罪发生前预测犯罪的软件。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，

结合句意可知，此处表示‘'承诺”为promise,根据从句中的谓语动词happens可知，此处使用一般现在时

态，句子主语“thesoftware”为第三人称单数，且与promise之间为主动关系，所以此处应填promises。

故选H项

【37题详解】

考查名词。句意：人们对人工智能的恐惧可能是受到书籍和电影中对邪恶计算机的描述的影响，比如“终

结者”电影中的超级智能机器“天网”。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处

表示“描述”为description,且此处表示的是“受到书籍和电影中对邪恶计算机的”描述，描述的内容不

只是一点，所以此处应为复数形式为descriptions。故选C项。

【38题详解】

考查形容词。句意：布鲁萨德表示，人工智能最终摧毁你生活质量的方式不会像凶残的虚构电脑那样引人

注目。分析句子结构可知，此处为“as+形容词原级+as”结构，其中形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处

表示“弓I人注目的”为dramatic。故选D项。

【39题详解】

考查动词。句意：事实上，对人工智能的恐惧之所以出现，是因为我们不知道人工智能的发展方向，也不

知道我们多久能到达那里。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“出现”为

emerge,根据从句的谓语动词don'tknow并结合句意诃知，此处描述的为客观事实，所以应使用•般现在

时态，且句子主语thefear为第三人称单数，emerge为不及物动词，表示主动意义，所以应为emerges。故

选E项。

【40题详解】

考查名词。句意：科技以我们从未想过的方式实现了令人惊讶和不同寻常的飞跃。分析句子结构可知，此

处为名词作宾语，且与leaps并列，结合句意可知，此处表示“跳跃”为bound,为可数名词与leaps并

列，所以此处应为发数形式。故选B项。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Aninterestingstudyfoundcapuchinmonkeys（僧帽猴），likehumans,arcguidedbysocialemotions.Try

payingonemonkeywithgrapesandanotherwithcucumberstorthe41amountofworkandyoumaybe

surprisedattheresults!Themonkeywhogotthecucumberswillprobably42workingforyouHemay

eventhrowoutthecucumbers,eventhoughmonkeysarcusually43toreceivethem,saysSarahBrosnan,a

psychologyprofessoratGeorgiaStateUniversity.

ThatexperimentbyBrosnanandFransdeWallpublishedin2003inNaturewasoneofthefirsttoshowthat

animalsmayhaveanassessmentfor44—amoralsensethatmanyresearcherspreviouslythoughtonly

humanspossessed.Sincethen,manyresultshavesuggestedthatanimals—particularlythosethatdependon

45fortheirsurvivalmayhaveaninbornsenseofjustice.

Socialanimals,whichareinterdependentforaliving,will46sharerewardswithotherswhoworked

towardthesamegoal.4'Thebuilt-insensedidn'tdevelopfirstinhumans.It'spossiblysomethingthatbeganin

socialspecies,and47tous.”Brosnansaidinaninterview.

Onestudy48thatsomeanimalsparticularlytheonesthathunttogetherdivideuptheregards.Another

studyevenfindsthatanimalswilloccasionallydeliverabetterrewardtoapartnerthantheythemselves49.

InresearchbyBrosnanandhercolleaguespublishedinAmericanJournalofPrimatologyytwocapuchinmonkeys

hadtoworktogethertopullaplateoffoodtotheircages.Butbeforetheybeganpulling,themonkeyshadtodecide

whichonewouldgetagrapeandwhichonewouldgetanappleslice.50fightingoverthegrapeor

alwayslettingtheleadingmonkeyeatit,theanimalsgenerallyvaiyrolesontheway,sotheybothearnedsome

grapesandsomeappleslices,Brosnanfound.Incaseswherethe51monkeyalwaysgotthegoodfood,

theothermonkeywerelikelytogiveupparticipating.Moreoftenthannot.itpreferredto52.areward

thanbepaidunfairly.

AccordingtoBrosnan,thattendencytosharerewardsfairlyprobablydevelopedasaresultoftheway

capuchinsworktogethertohunt."IfwearehuntingandIamnotgivingyoumuchofthekill,youwouldbebetter

offfindinganother53shesays.

However,interpretinganimalbehaviorthroughhumaneyescanbe54.observesMarcHauser,a

Ilarvardpsychologyprofessorandevolutionaryb沁logist.Inthecucumbcr-grapcstudy,forexample,themonkeys

couldhave55thecucumberssimplybecausetheywereannoyedthattheydidn'tgetagrapeoncetheysaw

it.

41.A.variousB.enonnousC.equalD.superb

42.A.riskB.restartC.quitD.fancy

43.A.matureB.contentC.passiveD.shocked

44.A.stabilityB.reputationC.enduranceD.fairness

45.A.necessitiesB.rewardsC.emotionD.cooperation

46.A.naturallyB.barelyC.surprisinglyD.occasionally

47.A.evolvedB.communicatedC.deliveredD.refened

48.A.deniesB.predictsC.indicatesD.suspects

49.A.discoverB.receiveC.expectD.present

50.A.InsteadofB.ThankstoC.RegardlessofD.Priorto

51.A.diligentB.dominantC.generousD.outgoing

52.A.saveB.admireC.shareD.refuse

53.A.partnerB.roleC.huntD.task

54.A.criticalB.pessimisticC.problematicD.marvellous

55.A.setasideB.thrownawayC.heldontoD.aimedat

【答案】41.C42.C43.B44.D45.D46.A47.A48.C49.B50.A51.

B52.D53.A54.C55.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是研究结果表明，动物，尤其是那些依靠合作生存的动物，可能

天生就有正义感，所以依靠合作生存的动物自然而然就会与为同一目标而努力的其他动物分享奖励，同时

也会因为分配不公平拒绝合作。

[41题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试看给一只猴子吃葡萄，给另一只猴子吃黄瓜，做同样的工作，你可能会对

结果感到惊讶!A.various各种各样的;B.enormous巨大的;C.equal相等的；胜任的;平等的；D.superb

极佳的。根据空后“amountofworkandyoumaybesurprisedattheresults!”以及后文“Socialanimals,which

areinterdependentforaliving,will___6___sharerewardswithotherswhoworkedtowardthesamegoal.“可知

两只猴子吃的东西不同但却要作同样的工作。故选C项。

【42题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：得到黄瓜的猴子可能会不再为你工作。A.risk冒险；B.restart重启；C.quit停

止；戒掉；D.fancy喜欢。根据后文wHemayeventhrowoutthecucumbers,eventhoughmonkeysareusually

—3―toreceivethem,”可知分到黄瓜的猴子会通过扔掉黄瓜的方式来拒绝同等量的工作。故选C项。

"3题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治亚州立大学心理学教授SarahBrosnan说，它甚至可能会把黄瓜扔掉，尽

管强子通常很乐意接受它们。A.mature成熟的；B.content满意的；C.passive被动的；消极的；D.shocked

震惊的；吃惊的。根据前文“Themonkeywhogotthecucumberswillprobably___2___workingforyou.He

mayeventhrowoutthecucumbers,eventhoughmonkeysareusually”可知为了表示对不公平对待的不满,得

到黄瓜的猴子会扔掉黄瓜，由句中的eventhough“尽管”可知前后语意是转折关系，所以可以推断猴子平

时是喜欢黄瓜的，通常很乐意接受它们。故选B项。

【44题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：BrosnanandFransdeWall于2003年在《自然》杂志上发表的实验是最早证明

动物可能具有公平评估能力的实验之-----许多研究人员以前认为只有人类拥有这种道德感。A.stability

稳定性；稳固性；B.reputation名声；名著；C.endurance持久力；忍耐力；D.fairness公平；公正。根据

后文uSincethen,manyresultshavesuggestedthatanimals—particularlythosethatdependon___5___fortheir

survivalmayhaveaninbomsenseofjustice.w以及后文AccordingtoBrosnan,thattendencytosharerewards

faiiiyprobablydevelopedasaresult