武汉大学考博英语模拟试卷13

武汉大学考博英语模拟试卷13

一、词汇（本题共30题，每题7.0分，共30分。）

1、Edisontestedmorethanonethousandmaterialstoseeiftheycouldelectric

currentandglow.

A、bring

B>make

C、carry

D、produce

标准答案：C

知识点解析：A项bring意为“带来”，具有方向性；B项make意为“制造”；C项

carry表示“传送，传播”：D项produce表示“产生”。C项为正确答案。

2、Helencouldnothelpfeelingantipathytowardherfather'snewwifewhomhemarried

justtwomonthsafterthedeathofHelen'smother.

A、sympathy

B、concession

C、compassion

D>hostility

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题中，antipathy的意思是“憎恶,反感”。D项hostility“敌意”符合

题意。其他三项sympathy“同情”，concession“让步"，compassion“同情”都不正确。

3、GrandTulunNaliunaiPaikthemustscvniupurliunoftheglauialcd,snow-

covcredTetonRange.

A、excludes

B、fulfils

C、dominates

D、expands

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题中，dominate的意思是“支配，俯瞰“，符合题意，如：adrug

companythat,dominatesthetranquilizermarkel（独占镇静剂市场的制药公司）。其他

三项exclude“排斥"，fulfil"完成，使臻于完善”，expand“扩张”都不正确。

4、Theverybiggestandmostmurderouswarsduringtheindustrialagewereintra-

industrial-warsthatSecondWavenationslikeGermanyandBritainagainstone

another.

A、pitted

B、drove

C^kept

D^embarked

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、Thepoliceinspector,havingreceivednewinformationfromaconfidentialsource,

decidedtoenlargetheofhisenquiry.

A、scope

B、magnitude

C、dimension

D、volume

标准答案：A

知识点解析：（scope活动范围）。句意为：那位巡官从秘密渠道弄到新的线索以

后，决定扩大调查范围。B.magnitude巨大，重大；C.dimension方面：

D.volume容积,音量0

6、Iarriveatnineo'clock,teachuntiltwelvethirtyandthenhaveameal;thatismy

morning.

A^habit

B、custom

C、practice

D^routine

标准答案：D

知识点解析：habit习惯;custom风俗;practice实习,实践；routine常规（的）

7、ByChristmasIinthisofficefortenyears.

A、willwork

B、willheworking

C>willhavebeenworking

D、willhaveworked

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这是一个介词短语倒装句。句意是：到圣诞节时，我将在这个办事处

工作10年了。可将其转换成一般陈述句后再解答，其对应的一般陈述句为.I-

inthisofficefortenyearsbyChristmas.,根据byChristmas可知，这是用将来完成

进行时。故正确答案为C。

8、Notuntiltheadventofhistochemistrycouldtheanatomistsecthroughthemicroscope

ceilswhichcarryspecificenzymesorgaugehowactivetheseenzymesareindifferent

ceilsundervariousconditions.

A^discern

B、grasp

C、measure

D、estimate

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、TheSupremeCourtthejudgementofthelowercourtinthatcaselastweek.

A、amplified

B、affirmed

C、ascended

D^applauded

标准答案：B

知识点解析：（affirm批准）。句意为：上周最高法院批准了初级法院对该诉讼案的

裁决。A.amplify扩大；C.ascend攀登：D.applaud鼓掌欢迎。

10、Itwasalongtimebeforethecutonmyhandcompletely.

A、healed

cured

C、improved

D、recovered

标准答案：A

知识点解析：句意：我手上的伤口很长时间后才完全愈合。heal（使某物）康复，伤

口愈合。cure治愈，治疗。improve提高，进步。recover恢复（能力，健康等）c

11、Thebeautyofthemountainhasmadeitaworld-famousresort.Everyyear

numeroustouristsfromhomeandabroadcometovisitit.

A、perpetual

B、perplexed

C>preserved

D、perished

标准答案：C

知识点解析：各项的意思是：perpetual”永久的，终身的；不断的，常发生的“；

perplexed”困惑的，茫然不知所措的"；preserved“保护的"；perished”消亡的，毁坏

的根据句意判断，答案是C。

12、Youknowyourselfbetterthananyoneelse.Donotundertakethatprojectunlessyou

canit.

A、complement

compliment

C、implement

D、supplement

标准答案：C

知识点解析：各项的意思是：complement“补足，补充”；compliment“赞美”；

implement”使生效,贯彻,执行“；supplement“增补”。根据句意判断，答案是C。

13、ThecarwasingoodworkingwhenIboughtitafewmonthsago.

A^order

B、form

C、state

D、circumstance

标准答案：A

知识点解析：inorder表示“整齐，状况良好，适宜"；beinform指“处于良好的竞

技状态“；inastate一般指“处「紊乱/焦虑/兴奋的状态"；ingoodcircumstances

意为“生活富裕，安乐的境况，小康的生活”。从词义上可判断出答案为A。

14^Thequestioninthiscaseiswhethertheaccusedhadamotiveforthiscrime

ornot.

A、crucial

B、forcible

C、supreme

D、valuable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：crucial关键的；forcible强制的，暴力的，有说服力的；supreme极度

的，极大的，最高的；valuable贵重的，有价值的。

15、Withouta(n)liberalsupplyofnecessaryequipmentandmaterials,themountain-

climberswouldnothavebeenabletoscaletheheightsandreachthetopinsuchbad

weather.

A、lenient

B、free

C、casual

D、abundant

标准答案：D

知识点解析：liberal充足的，丰富的。abundanl丰富的，充裕的。lenienl仁慈的，

宽大的。

16、Smithfailedtofbrthedeficitinthecompany'shankbalance.

A、check

B、account

C、quest

D、prepare

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、Japanhasitsstepstowardsputtingintoeffectaninternationaltreatybanning

chemicalweapons.

A^hurried

B、bustled

C、accelerated

D^rushed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、TheothertwobillsexistinglawsinJapanandaimedtogivethegovernment

thepowertomobilizetheSelf-DefenseForce.

A、rectified

B、revised

C、rewrote

D、polished

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、Alaserbeamisusedtoeventhehardestsubstance.

A、lightup

B、repair

C、identify

D、penetrate

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、IntheU.S.A.manycommunitiesandchurchgroupssocialcentersforold

people.

A、sponsor

B、bestow

C^confer

D、contribute

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，A项sponsor的意思是“发起；主办；倡议”，B

项bestow的意思是“把……赠与；使用，花费”，C项confer的意思是“给予，赋

予”,D项contribute的意思是“贡献,提供；捐（款）；捐献，捐助”。

21、Thegoalistomakehighereducationavailabletoeveryonewhoiswillingand

capablehisfinancialsituation.

A、withrespectto

B、inaccordwith

C>regardlessof

D、intermsof

标准答案：C

知识点解析：regardlessof不顾，不注意；widirespectto就…而言，关于；in

accordwith和...相符，与…一致；intermsof根据,依据,就…而言。句意：目标

就是要使人人乐意接受高等教育并且有能力接受高等教育，而不管他们的经济状况

如何。

22>InpartsoftheArctic,thelandgradesintothelandfasticesothatyoucan

walkoffthecoastandnotknowyouareoverthehiddensea.

A、permanently

B、imperceptibly

C、irregularly

D、precariously

标准答案：B

知识点解析：（imperceplibly难以觉察地）。句意为：在北极的部分地区，陆地逐渐

变成附着于陆地的冰，这一点难以觉察。你可以远离海岸，却不知道自己在隐秘的

海洋之上。A.peimanently永久地；C.irregularly不稳定地；D.precariously不

牢靠地，不稳地。

23、Insomecountriespreschooleducationinnurseryschoolsorkindergartens

thestgrade.

A、leads

B、precedes

C^forwards

D、advances

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是说在有些国家，小学一年级之前有幼儿园的学前教育。B项

“precede先于...”符合题意，如；Thetouristswereprecededbytheirguide.（向导

走在游客的前面。）其他三项“lead领导，指引；forward递送，转寄；advance提前”

都不正确。

24>HehasjusttoaletterfromafriendofhisinJapan.

A、answered

offered

C、returned

D、replied

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是说他刚给一位日本朋友回了信。短语“answeraletter/replytoa

letter”的意思是"回信因此D项为正确答案。

25、TheclosesttoEnglishandWelshgrammarschoolsarecalledgrammar

secondaryschools;theycan,however,acceptsomefee-payingpupils.

A、equality

B、equation

C、equivalent

D、equity

标准答案：C

知识点解析:equality平等，相等,等式；equation平衡,方程式,等式;

equivalent等价物，相等物；equity公平，公正，资产净值。根据句意，选C。

26、Theywerecompletelybytheheavyrain.

A、drenched

B、drowned

C、parched

D^merged

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A.drench浸泡，使湿透。B.drown溺死，使迷恋。C.parch烤

干，使极度口渴。D.merge合并。

27、OnesuggestedmethodofcontainingthefireswaspresentedbyCaryColaizziofthe

engineeringfirmGoodson,whichhasdevelopedaheat-resistantgrout(athinmortarused

tofillcracksandcrevices),whichisdesignedtobepumpedintothecoalfiretocutoff

theoxygensupply.

A、restraining

B、comprising

C^embracing

D、releasing

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A项restraining意为“抑制，制止“，$0Aswetalked,IfeltajoyIcould

notrestrain(我们交谈时，我感到一种无法抑制的高兴情绪)。根据上下文的推断，

画线词containing的意思引申为“控制，遏制”，与A项的意思相吻合，故选A“B

项comprising“包含，由...组成"；C项embracing“拥抱，互相拥抱，包含”，这两

项为干扰项。D项releasing"释放，解放，放弃”与画线词意思不一致。

28、Happinessusedtohaveamuchbroadermeaning—tiedtotheideaofaand

meaningfullife—butnowit'salmostindistinguishablefrompleasure.

A、virtuous

B、depraved

C、vicious

D^malicious

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，virluous意为“善良的，有道德的“；depraved意

为“堕落的，颓废的，邪恶的”;vicious意为“不道德的,恶意的，刻毒的”;

malic沁us意为“怀恶意的，恶毒的”。本题的句意是，幸福在过去通常有一个更广泛

的含义——与有道德的和有意义的生活观念紧密相连。但是现在幸福与快乐几乎无

法区分。因此正确答案是A项。

29、Atthesightofherhusbandgettingoffthetrain,thewomanwalkedforwardand

himandstrokedhiswhitehair.

A、embraced

clapped

C、paddled

D、flocked

标准答案：A

知识点解析：四个选项的意思分别是：embrace拥抱，互相拥抱；cEp鼓掌，轻

拍；paddle划桨，戏水，涉水；nock聚结。句意是，当她的丈夫一下火车，她立

即朝他跑过去，紧紧地羽抱他，用手抚摸着他满头的白发。

3。、Editorsdothinkexplicitlyabouttimingandtheyarenotmotivatedmerelytobethe

firsttoprintanexcitingnewsstory:theykeepstoriesuntilthetimeis.

A、prompt

B、ripe

C、enough

D、punctual

标准答案：B

知识点解析：句子大意：编辑们明确提出要把握准时机，他们不仅想成为第一个报

道振奋人心的消息的人，他们也在等待时机——o只有B项ripe“成熟的”符合题

意。因此本题选B。

二、阅读理解（本题共140题，每题1.0分，共140

分。）

Somepeopleinyourcommunityhavebigproblemsthatcostyou.Theproblemscostyou

intaxesforpoliceservices,inout-of-pocketexpensesforreplacementofstolen

equipmentorinemotionaldrainfromconstantbutsuppressedfearofpersonalattack.We

thinkofdrugs,homeinvasions-addictionsandcartheftasfunctionsofmodern

communities.Webelievethathighdivorcerates,homelessnessandbreak-insformthe

basisfbranewkindofsocietythatneverexistedinthepast,arealityofthe21stcentury.

Personalproblemsofothers,suchaspoverty,mentalbreakdown,spousalabuseand

schoolyardbullyingweprefertoavoidthinkingabout.Theyallderivefromtwocauses:

peoplewhocan'tmanagetocopewiththedownturnsorconditionsoftheirlivesand

peoplewhodon'thaveaclearmoralfoundationaboutsuchthingsasmurder,hurting

othersandstealing.Someturntocrime,addictivedrugsoralcohol,life-threateningthrills

orviolencewhentheycan'tcopewithconditionstheyfearandcan'tmanage.Since

psychologistsandtherapistsdealwiththeseveryproblemseveryday,wesimplyneedto

applytheirknowledgetoyoungerpeoplebeforetheyneedit,beforethey"break"from

socialstandardsornormalbehavior.Schoolsteachconcepts;it'swhattheydo.They

believethey'renotallowedtoteachsomeconceptsduetoregulationsforbiddingthe

teachingofreligion.Weneedtoseparatereligiousteachingfromthebasicprinciplesthat

peopleofallreligionsagreeuponandallowschoolstosupporttheteachingofthemby

parents.Noonewantstobecomeadrugaddict,adivorceeorafelon,butmostdon'tsee

otheroptions.Kidsneedconsistencyfromtheirauthorityfiguresduringtheirformative

years,bothathomeandatschool.Bothhomeandschoolneedtoproviderolemodels,

teachstandardsoftheircommunitiesandencouragechildrentoseekhelpwhentheyhave

problems.Themethodologyandmeanstorearrangeschoolcurriculumtoaddresssocial

andemotionaldevelopmentofchildrenprovidesthemainfocusofanewbookby

CanadiansociologistandeducatorBillAllin.TurningItAround:CausesandCureslor

Today'sEpidemicSocialProblemsgiveseasilyandcheaplyimplementedsolutionstothe

worstsocialproblemsofanycommunity.Today'skidsneedmorethantraditionalfacts

andskillstosurviveextraordinarydemandsontheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentas

adolescentsandadults.Achildwithasocialoremotionalproblemcan'tprogress

intellectuallybecausethefonncrpreoccupytheirminds,theirattentionandtheir

emotions.Schoolsareinthebestpositiontohelpsupporttime-challengedparents.(425

words)

31、Thepassageprimarilydiscusses

标准答案：C

知识点解析：全文叙说的是年轻人的道德观在下降，作者认为这个问题的加强主要

责任在于学校。参考文章最后一段。

32、Whatisthefunctionofthefirstthreeparagraphs?

标准答案:D

知识点解析：A、B和C都是摆出社会道德败坏后的结果，从而引起家长和学校要

加强对青少年的道德教育。

33、EverythingismentionedasabadbehaviorEXCEPT.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：A“孩子在学校会受人欺负”等同于schoolyardbully；B“家庭暴力”等

同于spousalabuse。C“被遗弃的孩子”虽然在文章中没看明确叙说，但highdivorce

rates和homelessness都可能会导致孩子被遗弃。D“不赡养老人”在文章里没有提

到，故选D。

34、Whatisfalseaccordingtothepassage?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章中提到加拿大社会学家和教育家BillAllin写了一本书，题为

TurningItAround：CausesandCuresforToday'sEpidemicSocialProblems,所以我

们不能说迄今还没有引起教育家和社会学家的注意，故选Ao

35、Whatdoes"theformer"(Line3,Para.11)referto?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：指前面一句中的traditionalfactsandskills,这些课堂知识妨碍了社交

和情感方面知识的接受。

Withincreasingprosperity,WestEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatiscreating

distinctiveconsumerandculturalpatterns.Theresulthasbeentheincreasingemergence

inEuropeofthatphenomenonwellknowninAmericaasthe"youthmarket."Thisisa

marketinwhichenterprisingbusinessescatertothedemandsofteenagersandolder

youthsinalltheirbeallemaniaandpop-artforms.IntheUnitedStales,themarketis

wide-rangingandwellestablished,almostanindustry,whichwiththiscountry's

emphasison"youthfulness/'evenextendsbeyondteenagergroups.AsintheUnited

States,youthfultastesinEuropeextendoverasimilarrangeofproducts-recordsand

recordplayers,leatherjacketsand"wayout,"extravagantlystyledclothing,cosmeticsand

softdrinks.Generallyitnowisdifficulttotellinwhichdirectiontrans-Atlanticteenage

influencesareflowing.Also,apatternofconformitydominatesEuropeanyouthasinthis

country,thoughinBritaintheobjectistowearclothesthat"makethewearerstandout,”

butalsomakehim"in,"suchastighttrousersandpreciselytailoredjackets.Worshipand

emulationof"idols"intheentertainmentfield,especiallythe"pop"singersandother

performers,canbeviewedasanothersimilarity.Thereisalsothesameexuberanceand

unpredictabilityinsuddenfadswitches.InParis,buyersofstorescateringtotheyou:h

marketcarefullywatchwhatdressisbeingwornbyapopulartelevisionteenagersinger

tobereadyforasuddendemandforcopies.InStockholmotherfollowersofteenagefads

calltheyouthmarket"attractivebatirrational."Actually,thescopeandnatureofthe

youthmarketvariesconsiderablyfromcountrytocountry,beinglargeandlivelyinsome

andonlybeginningtoshowitselfinothers.Buttherearealsotheseimportant

dissimilaritiesgenerallywiththeAmericanyouth-market:IntheEuropeanyouth-market,

unlikethatoftheUnitedStates,itistheworkingyouthwhoprovidesthebulkof

purchasingpower.Ontheaverage,theschool-finishingagestilltendstobe14years.

Thisisthemaximumagetowhichcompulsoryeducationextend,andwithEurope's

industrialmanpowershortage,thousandsofteenageyouthsmaysoonattainincomes

equalinmanycasestothatoftheirfathers.Although,becauseofgeneralprosperity,

Europeanyouthsarebeginningtocontinueschoolstudiesbeyondthecompulsory

maximumage,theydonotreceiveanythinglikethepocket-moneyor"allowances"of

Americanteenagers.Workingyouth,consequently,arethebigspendersintheEuropean

youthmarket,buttheyalsohavelessleisurethanthosestayingonatschool,butthesein

turnhavelessbuyingpower.

36、Accordingtothepassage,theyouthmarketisonethat.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、Thepassageimpliesthattheyouthmarketismoreestablishedin.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、TheAmericanandEuropeanyouthmarketsareMikeinregardto.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueconcerning

teenagersinEurope?.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheconsumerhabitsofyouthisNOTtrue?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、WhichofthefollowingwordsinParagraph6canbereplacedby"fashion1,?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

Mostofushaveseenadogstaringat,sometimessnarlingat,andapproachingareflection

ofitself.Formostanimals,seeingtheirownimageinamirroractsasasocialstimulus.

Butdoesthedogrecognizeitself,ordoesthereHectionsimplysignalapotential

companionorthreat?Thisquestionisinterestforanumberofreasons.Apartfrom

curiosityaboutthelevelofanimals1understanding,researchonself-recognitionin

animalshasseveralbenefits.Itprovidessomeinsightintotheevolutionarysignificance

ofthisskillofself-recognitionandintothelevelandkindsofcognitivecompetencethat

theskillrequires.Suchresearchalsoindicatesthekindsoflearningexperiencesthat

determinethedevelopmentofself-recognition.Inaddition,workwithanimalsfostersthe

useoftechniquesthatarenotdependentonverbalresponsesandthatmaythereforebe

suitableforusewithpreverbalchildren.Theevidenceindicatesthatdogsandalmostall

othernonhumansdonotrecognizethemselves.Inaseriesofcleverexperiments,

however,Galluphasshownthatthechimpanzeedoeshavethiscapacity.Gallupexposed

chimpanzeesinasmallcagetoafull-lengthmirrorfortenconsecutivedays.Itwas

observedthatoverthisperiodoftimethenumberofsclf-dircctcdresponsesincreased.

Thesebehaviorsincludedgroomingpartsofthebodywhilewatchingtheresults,guiding

fingersinthemirror,andpickingatteethwiththeaidofthemirror.Describingone

chimp,Gallupsaid,"Margeusedthemirrortoplaywithandinspectthebottomofher

feet;shealsolookedatherselfup-sidedowninthemirrorwhilesuspendedbyherfeet

fromthetopofthecage;shewasalsoobservedtostuffceleryleavesuphernoseusing

themirrorforpurposesofvisually,guidingthesteinsintoeachnostril."Thenthe

researchersdevisedafurthertestofself-recognition.Thechimpswereanesthetizedand

markswereplacedovertheireyebrowsandbehindtheircars,areasthechimpscouldnot

directlyobserve.Theminorwastemporarilyremovedfromthecage,andbaselinedata

regardingtheirattemptstotouchtheseareaswererecorded.Thedataclearlysuggestthat

chimpsdorecognizethemselves,orareself-aware,fortheirattemptstotouchthemarks

increasedwhentheyviewedthemselves.Citingfurtherevidenceforthisargument,

Gallupnotedthatchimpanzeeswithnopriormirrorexperiencedidnotdirectbehaviorto

themarkswhentheywerefirstexposedtothemirror;thatis,theotherchimpanzees

appearedtohaverememberedwhattheylookedlikeanddohaverespondedtothemarks

becausetheynoticedchangesintheirappearance.

43、Theideaofthispassageistodiscuss.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第2段第2句“Apartfromcuriosityaboutthelevelofanimals,

understanding,researchonself-recognitioninanimalshasseveralbenefits.”中可以看

出此句是文章的主题句。A、B、D选项只是文章涉及的部分内容。

44^ThefirstsentenceofParagraph3maybeinterpretedtomeanthat.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第3段第1句"Theevidenceindicatesthatdogsandalmostallether

nonhumansdonotrecognizethemselves.”表明，狗和几乎全部动物并没有认出自己

的能力。

45、Thewriterofthepassageprobably.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：A、B、C选项原文并没有明确说明，而全文始终围绕对动物的自我

意识研究而展开，因此D选项正确。

46、Theauthor'spurposeinthepassageis.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章作者的目的是要证明这一假说：动物存在自我意识。因此D选

项正确。

47、Thepurposeoftheexperimentintroducedinthelastparagraphis.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:文章第4段“Themirrorwastemporarilyremovedfromthecage,when

theyviewedthemselves”表明黑猩猩意识到在镜子中看到的是它自己，因此C选项

正确。

Intheearly1960sWiltChambeilainwasoneofonlytiireeplayersintheNational

BasketballAssociation(NBA)listedatoversevenfeet.Ifhehadplayedlast

season,however,hewouldhavebeenoneof42.Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessional

sportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethan

willingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.The

trendinsports,though,maybeobscuringanunrecognizedrealityAmericanshave

generallystoppedgrowing.Thoughtypicallyabouttwoinchestallernowthan140years

ago,today'spcople-espcciallythoseborntofamilieswhohavelivedintheU.S.formany

generations-apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.Andtheyaren'tlikelytoget

anytaller."Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgenetic,environmentalleveLwe*ve

prettymuchgoneasfaraswecango,"saysanthropologistWilliamCameronChumleaof

WrightStateUniversity.InthecaseofNBAplayers,theirincreaseinheightappearsto

resultfromtheincreasinglycommonpracticeofrecruitingplayersfromalloverthe

world.Growth,whichrarelycontinuesbeyondtheageof20,demandscaloriesand

tein-tofeedexpandingtissues.Atthestartofthe20thcentur)\under-

nutritionandchildhoodinfectionsgotintheway.Butasdietandhealth

improved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightbyaboutaninch

andahalfevery20years,apatternknownastheseculartrendinheight.Yetaccordingto

theCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,averageheighl-5'9"fbrmen,5'4"for

women-hasn'treallychangedsince1960.Geneticallyspeaking,thereareadvantagesto

avoidingsubstantialheight.Duringchildbirth,largerbabieshavemoredifficultypassing

throughthebirthcanal.Moreover,eventhoughhumanshavebeenu-prightformillionsof

years,ourfeetandbackcontinuetostrugglewithbipedalpostureandcannoteasily

withstandrepeatedstrainimposedbyoversizelimbs."Therearesomerealconstraints

thataresetbythegeneticarchitectureoftheindividualorganism,"saysanthropologist

WilliamLeonardofNorthwesternUniversity.Geneticmaximumscanchange,butdon't

expectthistohappensoon.ClaireC.Gordon,senioranthropologistattheArmyResearch

CenterinNatick.Mass..ensuresthat90percentoftheuniformsandworkstationsfit

recruitswithoutalteration.Shesaysthat^unlikethoseforbasketbalLthelengthofmilitary

u-niformshasnotchangedforsometime.Andifyouneedtopredicthumanheightinthe

nearfuturetodesignapieceofequipment,Gordonsaysthatbyandlarge,"youcoulduse

today'sdataandfeelfairlyconfident.'*

48、WiltChamberlainiscitedasanexampleto.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第一段在提到NBA球员张伯伦(Chamberlain)身高超过七尺后，又讲

至『'Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalspotshavechangeddramaticallyoverthe

year-,因而引用张伯伦的例子主要说明的是NBA球员身高的变化。故正确答案为

Ao

49Whichofthefollowingplaysakeyroleinbodygrowthaccordingtothetext?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段中提到，"'Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgenetic,

environmentallevel,we'veprettymuchgoneasfaraswecango”,以及第三段中提至U

的，"Butasdietandhealthimproved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,

increasedinheightbyaboutaninchandahalfevery20years"o说明生活水平在成长中

占据了主要角色，A选项中"modification”以及B、D选项在文中都没有提到。故正

确答案为C。

50、Onwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：A、C选项本身有错误，可以排除；D选项在文中没有提到，利用排

除得到正确答案为B。故正确答案为B。

51、Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinthenearfuture.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由最后一段的最后一句话，”…youcouldusetoday'sdata.可

知D选项符合题意。故正确答案为D。

52、Thetextintendstotellusthat.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：全文由NBA球员张伯伦引出美国人身高的变化，但实际上

“…apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.”(参看第二段),后面又讲到了这

种冲突的原因。主要内容还是在强调后者，即从基因上讲，美国人的身高已经达到

了极限。故正确答案为C。

AlthoughIknowthatmanyofyouthinktheopposite,mosthumanbeingshaveahigh

levelofintelligence,agoodmemoryandcansolveproblemseasily.Theylivelongerand

thereforetendtobemuchmoreawareofpastandfuturethanweare.Theycommunicate

byasetofsoundswhichcarrymeaningfromtheorderinwhichtheyareplaced,and

whichvaryfromterritorytoterritory,sothatsomehumansfinddifficultyin

communicatingwithothersaccordingtowheretheycomefrom-iftheyhavebeenraised

indifferentcountryandhavenothadspecialtraining.Humanshavealsoinventedasetof

marksonpaperwhichtheyusetorepresentthesesoundsandwhichyoumayoftensee

themconcentratingon.Inthesetwowaystheyhavedevelopedtheireyesandearstoa

higherlevelofinterpretationthanourselves,butindoingsotheyhavelosttheabilityto

gathermuchoftheinformationwhichwecontinuallydobothfromtheseandourother

senses.Mostdogsareabktointerpretatleastpartofthevocabulary(voicemeanings)of

humans,andsomeofushavelearnedtorecognizesomeofthepatternofmarkswhich

theyusetorecordthemonpapersothathumansatadifferenttimeandinadifferent

placecanunderstandtheirmessages,butitwouldputourotherabilitiesintodangerifwe

ourselvesdevelopedtheseskillsveryfar.Fortunately,mosthumansareableto

understandasimilaramountofourcommunicatorysoundsandbehaviour.Trygoingup

toahuman,sittingdowninfrontofhimandraisingafrontpawinagesture.Hewill

almostcertainlytakeitandgiveitashake,becauseitisagreetinggestureforhumans,

too.Hewillthinkyouarebehavinglikeahuman—andnothingseemstopleasehumans

more.Careful,thereisadangerhere!Youarenotahuman.Youareadog-andifyouare

goingtobehappyyoushouldneverforgetit.Youneedtoliveasadog.Itisallverywell

changingyourselfslightly-tofitinwithahumanpack,butifyoudenyyourtruenature

youaregoingtoendupamaddogand,humanswillthink,abaddog.Thereisalwaysa

reasonforanyanimalchoosingtolivewithananimalofadifferentsort,butalltoooften

wehavenochoice.Wehavetolivewithhumans.Buthumanshaveconsciouslydecided

thattheywantuswiththem,althoughnotnecessarilyforthereasonthattheybelieve.

Theymaywantyouasawatchdogtokeepburglarsaway.Theymayhavesomeideathat

lookingafteryouwillteachtheirpupsasenseofresponsibility.Ortheymaysimplybein

desperateneedofcompanionship,ofsomethingtolove.

53^Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

54、Humanshavedevelopedtheireyesandearstoahigherlevelofinterpretation

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

55、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,someofthedogscanbetrainedto.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

56、Humansseemtobemostpleasedbydogsiftheycan.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

57、Theveryspecialandunusualreadersforwhichthepassageissupposedtobewritten

are.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

58、Whatadvicedoesthewritergivetodogs?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

59、Whomdoyouthinkthepassageisreallywrittenfor?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

60、Thepurposeofthispassageseemsmostlikelyto.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

OnthemorningofSeptember'11th,IboardedthetrainfromWashingtonHeightsin

UpperManhattanjustasusualandwenttotheBodyPositiveofficeintheSouthStreet

SeaportofLowerManhattan.WhileIwasleavingthesubwayat8:53am,amanran

downthestreetscreaming,"Someonejustbombed,theWorldTradeCenter."Those

aroundmescreamedandshouted"No!"indisbelief.However,beinganamateur

photographer,andthinkingthatImightbeabletohelpout,Irandirectlytowardthe

WTG.IstoppedjustshortoftheWTCatacornerandlookedup.Therebeforemestood

thegapingholeandfirethathadtakenoverthefirstbuilding.Istoodthereinshock

takingpictures,wantingtorunevenclosertohelpout,butIcouldnotmove.SoonIsaw

wh