2023-2024学年山东省济南市高三上学期1月期末学习质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省济南市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末学习质量检测英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AArecentlandingonthemoonhasawakenedorrenewedpeople’senthusiasmforthestarsandspaceexploration.Herearefourtripideastoinspirethosewould-beastronautsandastronomers.KennedySpaceCenter,AmericaTheNASA-operatedKennedySpaceCenterisamustforambitiousastronautsandspace-lovers.Hands-onexperiencesrangefromlivepresentationsdeliveredbyastronautstothenewAstronautTrainingExperienceCenter.Childrenaged10to17canexperiencespacewalkingandexploringMars.NorthYorkMoors,EnglandAsanInternationalDarkSkyReserveintheworld,thislovelypartofYorkshire,EnglandishosttotheUK’sfamily-friendlyNationalParksDarkSkiesfestival.WelltimedtothelatterpartofautumnhalfterminEngland,thefestivalincludesbat-boxmaking,eveningswithwinterbirdsandmoonlitcoastalwalks.PicduMidi,FranceTherearefewobservatorieswhereyoucanobservestarsbeforeretiringtoacomfortablecabinandwatchthesunrise.GettingtothePicduMidiObservatoryisalsoanadventurebyitself,involvingarideontwocable-carsuptoa2,877-meter-highmountain.TheguidedastronomysessionshelpkidsdiscoverSaturn(土星)anditsringsviapowerfultelescopes.MountTeide,SpainHometothelargestsolarobservatoryintheworld,itsitsonSpain’shighestmountain.Ridethecable-carupforascientist-ledtour,whichincludesthechancetoobservetheSunthroughhand-heldsolartelescopes.Thespecialfamilytourincludesanattractive90-minuteworkshopexploringhowobservatoryphysicistscarryouttheirresearch.1.Whichtripsuitstheteenagersexpectingaface-to-facecontactwithastronauts?A.KennedySpaceCenter. B.NorthYorkMoors.C.MountTeide. D.PicduMidi.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonatriptoYorkshire?A.Attendlivepresentations. B.ObservetheringsofSaturn.C.Enjoytheseaviewatnight. D.Learnaboutphysicists’work.3.WhatdoPicduMidiandMountTeidehaveincommon?A.Theyaccommodatefamilytourists.B.Theyincludeatourledbyscientists.C.Theyofferfreehand-heldtelescopes.D.Theyarelocatedonhighmountains.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章为那些对太空和天文感兴趣的人提供四个旅行建议。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题KennedySpaceCenter,America下的“Hands-onexperiencesrangefromlivepresentationsdeliveredbyastronautstothenewAstronautTrainingExperienceCenter.(亲身体验的范围从宇航员的现场演讲到新的宇航员培训体验中心)”可知，KennedySpaceCenter适合那些期待与宇航员面对面接触的青少年。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题NorthYorkMoors,England下的“WelltimedtothelatterpartofautumnhalfterminEngland,thefestivalincludesbat-boxmaking,eveningswithwinterbirdsandmoonlitcoastalwalks.(这个节日恰逢英国秋季半学期的后半段，活动内容包括制作蝙蝠盒、观赏冬鸟和在月光下漫步海滨)”可知，游客去约克郡旅行可以欣赏晚上的海景。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据小标题PicduMidi,France下的“GettingtothePicduMidiObservatoryisalsoanadventurebyitself,involvingarideontwocable-carsuptoa2,877-meter-highmountain.(前往PicduMidi天文台本身也是一次冒险，需要乘坐两辆缆车到达2877米高的山峰)”以及小标题MountTeide,Spain下的“Hometothelargestsolarobservatoryintheworld,itsitsonSpain’shighestmountain.(它坐落在西班牙最高的山上，是世界上最大的太阳天文台的所在地)”可知，PicduMidi和MountTeide的共同之处是他们都位于高山上。故选D项。BArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongthetenfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).Bekele’sbrilliantconceptcentersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatethebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskintostopskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejustprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.HereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststoaidhiminreachinghisambitiousplans.Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.WhatmadeBekeleaninstanthit?A.Startingasoapfashion. B.Overcomingskincancer.C.Beingtheyoungestscientist. D.Creatingasoapagainstskincancer.5.WhatinspiredBekeletoinventSCTS?A.Hisconcernforothers. B.Hisadventureinchildhood.C.Hisenthusiasmfortechnology. D.Hisinterestinmedicalknowledge.6.WhatwillBekeledointhenearfuture?A.Obtainofficialapproval. B.Visitundevelopedareas.C.Increasetheavailabilityofthesoap. D.Updatethefacilitiesofproduction.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Inspiringandmodest. B.Humorousandpositive.C.Creativeandconsiderate. D.Curiousandindependent.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家HemanBekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”可知，HemanBekele发明了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“

Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.(在反思他的灵感时，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。目睹人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险)”可知，Bekele对别人的关心激发了他发明SCTS。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”(在他的演讲中，Bekele热情地表达了他的愿景，即把这种肥皂变成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一个人人都能接受皮肤癌治疗的世界。”)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一个非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案，即增加肥皂的可获得性。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家HemanBekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。未来五年里，Bekele希望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，将这种创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案。由此推知，他一个有创造力和体贴的人。故选C。CIntheanimalworld,speedisking.Fastanimalshavealegupinoutrunningotheranimals,whichputsthemhighonthefoodchain.Itwouldseemthatallanimalswouldgoforspeed,butthenthere’sthesloth(树懒).Whilealioncangofrom0to60milesanhourinonlyfiveseconds,ittakesaslothalldaytocovernomorethan50meters.Slothsliveentirelyintreesonadietofleaves.Andforthis,theyareextremelyrare.Whilemostofthelandworldiscoveredintrees,thereareveryfewvertebrates(脊椎动物)thatcallthetreehome.Theaimofa2016study,saysJonathanPauli,aUniversityofAlabamaprofessorofforestandwildlifeecology,wastohelpuncoverwhyslothsareindeedsounique.“Amongvertebrates,thisistherarestoflifestyles”,saysPauli.“Whenyoupictureanimalsthatliveoffplantleaves,theyarealmostallbig-thingslikedeer.What’ssuperinterestingaboutslothsisthattheycan’tbebig.”Fortheirresearch,PauliandhisWisconsinteamstudiedwildslothsatafieldsite.Whentheresearchersmeasuredtheenergyuseofsloths,theyfoundawildlylowburningofaslittleas110caloriesofenergyaday.Andforthis,theytakethecake:itisthelowestmeasuredenergeticoutputforanymammal(哺乳动物).“Themeasurementwasintendedtofindoutwhatitcostslothstoliveoveraday,”saysPauli,whoaddsthatadietoflittlebutleaveslacksnutritionalvalueandtheanimal’ssmallsizedoesn’tallowforovereating-soslothsneedtofindwaystomakethemostoftheirdiets,whichmeansusingtinyamountsofenergy,dramaticcontrolofbodytemperatureandlivingatanextremelyslowpace.Theirreward?Awonderfullywidespreadecologicalsystemtocalltheirown,oneslowinchatatime.8.WhyisalionmentionedinParagraph1?A.Toadmirelions’speed. B.Tostatesloths’weakness.C.Toconfirmlions’leadposition. D.Tohighlightsloths’uniqueness.9.Whatisthe2016studymainlyabout?A.Thelifestyleofsloths. B.Thedietofvertebrates.C.Thespeciesofrareanimals. D.Theenergyuseofcreatures.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takethecake”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Breakdown. B.Keepon. C.Standout. D.Growup.11.WhatcanbeinferredaboutslothsfromPauli’swords?A.Theirslowpaceisabalancedchoice.B.Theyareinfaceofpossibleextinction.C.Theirslowpacedecidesatinyappetite.D.Theysufferalotagainstnaturalenemies.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了树懒的独特生活方式和适应策略。虽然速度在动物界很重要，但树懒却以它们的缓慢生活而闻名。树懒生活在树上，以树叶为食，它们的能量消耗非常低。树懒采取了低能量消耗、控制体温和缓慢生活的方式来适应以树叶为食的生活。虽然树懒消耗的能量很少，但它们拥有自己独特的生态系统。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Fastanimalshavealegupinoutrunningotheranimals,whichputsthemhighonthefoodchain.Itwouldseemthatallanimalswouldgoforspeed,butthenthere’sthesloth(树懒).Whilealioncangofrom0to60milesanhourinonlyfiveseconds,ittakesaslothalldaytocovernomorethan50meters.(速度快的动物比其他动物跑得快，这使它们处于食物链的高位。似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外。狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米。)”可知，似乎所有的动物都追求速度，但树懒除外，由此文章指出狮子可以在5秒内从0英里跑到60英里每小时，而树懒需要一整天才能走超过50米，此处提到了狮子的速度，与接下来讲述树懒的缓慢相对比，从而强调树懒的独特之处。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theaimofa2016study,saysJonathanPauli,aUniversityofAlabamaprofessorofforestandwildlifeecology,wastohelpuncoverwhyslothsareindeedsounique.

(阿拉巴马大学森林和野生动物生态学教授JonathanPauli表示，2016年一项研究的目的是帮助揭示树懒确实如此独特的原因。)”以及““Amongvertebrates,thisistherarestoflifestyles”,saysPauli.

(“在脊椎动物中，这是最罕见的生活方式，”Pauli说。)”可知，2016年一项研究的目的是为了揭示树懒生活方式为什么如此独特。故选A。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Wisconsinteamstudiedwildslothsatafieldsite.Whentheresearchersmeasuredtheenergyuseofsloths,theyfoundawildlylowburningofaslittleas110caloriesofenergyaday.

(威斯康辛州的一个研究小组在野外研究了野生树懒。当研究人员测量树懒的能量消耗时，他们发现树懒每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里。)”以及划线词后面的内容“itisthelowestmeasuredenergeticoutputforanymammal(这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的。)”可知，就树懒的能量消耗，其每天燃烧的能量非常低，只有110卡路里，这是所有哺乳动物中测量到的能量输出最低的，因为这一特点使得树懒脱颖而出（与众不同）。故划线词与C选项“Standout.(脱颖而出)”为同义词短语。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Themeasurementwasintendedtofindoutwhatitcostslothstoliveoveraday,”saysPauli,whoaddsthatadietoflittlebutleaveslacksnutritionalvalueandtheanimal’ssmallsizedoesn’tallowforovereating-soslothsneedtofindwaystomakethemostoftheirdiets,whichmeansusingtinyamountsofenergy,dramaticcontrolofbodytemperatureandlivingatanextremelyslowpace.(“这次测量的目的是找出树懒在一天中生活所需的成本，”Pauli说道，他补充说，只吃树叶的饮食缺乏营养价值，而树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活。)”可知，因为树懒的体型小，不允许过度进食，所以树懒需要找到方法来最大限度地利用自己的饮食，这意味着使用极少的能量、极大地控制体温和以非常缓慢的步调生活，即树懒缓慢的步调是为了适应以树叶为食的生活，并让它们能够最大限度地利用自己的食物，由此推断它们缓慢的节奏是一个平衡的选择。故选A。DFromthedaywe’reborn,curiositybecomesaprimarydrivingforcethatmotivatesustoexploreunknownideasandterritoriesinsearchofanswersandstimulations.Humanbeingshaveaninborndesiretoclosethe“curiositygap”everyday.Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.EvanPolman,assistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,said,“Ourresearchshowsthatfuelingpeople’scuriositycaninfluencetheirchoicesbyturningthemawayfrominvitingdesires,likeunhealthyfoodsortakingtheelevator,andtowardlessinvitingbuthealthieroptions,suchasbuyingmorefreshproduceortakingthestairs.”Toprovethepositivepotentialofthecuriositygap,Polmanandhisteamconductedaseriesofexperimentsdesignedtotesthowcuriosityaffectedthechoicespeoplemadepositively.Ineachstudy,arousingcuriosityresultedinnoticeablebehaviorchange.Forexample,inoneoftheexperiments,Polmanincreasedthenumberofparticipantswhochosetowatchavideoofacademicnaturebypromisingthattheywouldrevealthesecretbehindamagictrickattheendofthevideo.TheresultsofthefieldstudiesoncuriositywereparticularlyconvincingtoPolman.Inonefieldstudy,theresearcherscreateda10percentincreaseintheuseofstairsinauniversitybuildingbypostingtrivial(琐事)questionsneartheelevatorsandpostingtheanswersinthestairwell.Inanother,theyincreasedthepurchaseoffreshproducebyplacingajokeonthepostersdescribingthefruitorvegetable.Polmanwassurprisedbythedegreethattakingadvantageofthecuriositygapcouldmotivatepeopletoautomaticallymakehealthierlifestylechoices.Heconcluded,“Ourresultssuggestthatusinginterventionsbasedoncuriositygapshasthepotentialtoincreaseparticipationindesiredbehaviorsforwhichpeopleoftenlackmotivation.Italsoprovidesnewevidencethatcuriosity-basedinterventionscomeatanincrediblysmallcostandcouldhelppushpeopletowardavarietyofpositiveactions.”12.Whatdidarecentstudyfindaboutcuriosity?A.Itfuelspeople’sdesires. B.Itlowerspeople’sbuying.C.Itbenefitspeople’shealth. D.Itdeterminespeople’slives.13.WhatarethoseexperimentsbyPolman’steamaimedat?A.Supportingafinding. B.Raisingaresearchtopic.C.Arousingscientists’interest. D.Displayingnegativeevidence.14.WhatisPolman’sattitudetotheresultsoffieldstudies?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear. C.Approving. D.Dismissive.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howtostaycurious B.ThemagicofcuriosityC.Howtomakehealthchoices D.Thetwosidesofcuriositygap【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了好奇心对人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择具有积极影响的研究发现。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.(最近的一项研究发现，好奇心可以非常有效地引导人们做出更明智、更健康的生活方式选择。)”可知，研究发现，好奇心能够成为一种高度有效的方式，引导人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Toprovethepositivepotentialofthecuriositygap,Polmanandhisteamconductedaseriesofexperimentsdesignedtotesthowcuriosityaffectedthechoicespeoplemadepositively.

(为了证明好奇心差距的积极潜力，Polman和他的团队进行了一系列实验，旨在测试好奇心如何影响人们做出积极的选择。)”可知，为了证明好奇心差距的积极潜力，Polman和他的团队进行了一系列实验即Polman团队的实验旨在证明好奇心如何积极影响人们的选择。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“TheresultsofthefieldstudiesoncuriositywereparticularlyconvincingtoPolman.

(对好奇心的野外研究结果对Polman来说尤其令人信服。)”可知，Polman对野外实地研究的结果是极其信服的，因此Polman对野外（实地）研究的结果是赞同的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.(最近的一项研究发现，好奇心可以非常有效地引导人们做出更明智、更健康的生活方式选择。)”以及通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讲述了好奇心对人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择具有积极影响的研究发现。B选项“Themagicofcuriosity(好奇心的魔力)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thebrainisoftenseenasthemostimportantorganofushumans.Itcontrolsourthoughts,emotions,memoriesandevenourmovements.However,whatmanypeopleoftenforgetisthatthebrainandthebodyarecloselyconnected.____16____Studieshaveshownthatregularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities.____17____Howdoesthishappen?Well,theanswerliesinthewayexerciseaffectsthebrain.Exerciseincreasestheproductionofproteinsthatpromotethegrowthandsurvivalofneurons(神经元),thusensuringbetterbrainfunctions.Moreover,exercisehasapositiveimpactonmoodandmentalwell-being.Ithelpsreleasesomenaturalmoodboostersthatmakeusfeelmorepositiveandhappy.____18____Asfortheexercisevarieties,it’snotjustaboutaerobic(有氧的)exerciseslikerunningorcycling.____19____Itimprovesconcentrationanddecision-makingabilitiesbyenhancingtheconnectivitybetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.____20____Exerciseisn’tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it’saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively.So,thenexttimeyoufeellazyorunmotivatedtoexercise,rememberthateverystepyoutakeisonestepclosertoahealthier,happierandmoreintelligentyou.A.Itevenstrengthenscreativity.B.Actuallythebodydeeplyaffectsthebrain.C.Thebrainalsohasgreatimpactsonexercise.D.Anexerciseloverisunlikelytosufferdepression.E.Walkingandjoggingdogoodtomentalfunctionstoo.F.Strengthtraininghasalsobeenshowntobenefitthebrain.G.Thelinksbetweenthebrainandthebodycannotbeoverstated.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.F20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动对大脑的影响，经常锻炼可以显著提高认知功能，如记忆力、注意力和解决问题的能力。【16题详析】上文“However,whatmanypeopleoftenforgetisthatthebrainandthebodyarecloselyconnected.(然而，很多人经常忘记的是，大脑和身体是紧密相连的)”提到了大脑和身体是有联系的，选项B中body和brain是关键词与上文呼应，构成顺承关系，所以B选项“实际上身体深深地影响着大脑。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】上文“Studieshaveshownthatregularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities.(研究表明，经常锻炼可以显著提高认知功能，如记忆力、注意力和解决问题的能力)”提到了经常锻炼的好处，A选项“它甚至能增强创造力”与上文构成递进关系，符合语境。故选A项。【18题详析】上文“Moreover,exercisehasapositiveimpactonmoodandmentalwell-being.Ithelpsreleasesomenaturalmoodboostersthatmakeusfeelmorepositiveandhappy.(此外，锻炼对情绪和精神健康有积极的影响。它有助于释放一些自然的情绪助推器，让我们感觉更积极和快乐)”提到了锻炼对情绪的影响，选项D中depression是关键词，与上文构成因果关系，所以D选项“热爱运动的人不太可能患抑郁症。”符合语境。故选D项。【19题详析】上文“Asfortheexercisevarieties,it’snotjustaboutaerobic(有氧的)exerciseslikerunningorcycling.(至于运动的种类，不仅仅是跑步或骑自行车这样的有氧运动)”提到了运动的种类，选项F中Strengthtraining是关键词，与上文的运动种类呼应，所以F选项“力量训练也被证明对大脑有益。”与上文构成顺承关系，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详析】下文“Exerciseisn’tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it’saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively.(锻炼不仅仅是为了保持健康或减肥；它可以改善认知功能，改善情绪，甚至帮助我们更有创造性地思考)”提到了锻炼和大脑之间的联系，选项G“大脑和身体之间的联系怎么强调都不为过。”能概括下文内容。故选G项。第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,Atwo-year-oldgirlinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.Thesituationtooka____21____turnaround6:00p.m.whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.Reactingimmediately,thehunter____22____anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.Theoperators____23____immediately,applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition.Thiscrucialinformationwasthen____24____senttoaSouthCarolinaLawEnforcementDivision(SLED)andthecounty’sfirst____25____.Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly____26____tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately____27____aheartwarmingreunion.Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.Despiteher___28___experience,shewasfoundtobeinsurprisinglygood___29___,exceptherunderstandabletiredness,thirstandfear.The____30____rescuewastheresultofthe___31___betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole.TheNewberryCountySheriff’sOfficeexpressedtheir___32___fortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose___33___theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch.Andtheyshowedtheirreliefatthe___34___ofthelittlegirlinthecareoffamily.Theirheroicactionswillbe___35___asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyforyearstocome.21.A.disappointing B.hopeful C.reasonable D.challenging22.A.placed B.received C.missed D.answered23.A.appeared B.escaped C.acted D.arrived24.A.optionally B.carefully C.entirely D.rapidly25.A.discoverers B.rescuers C.operators D.survivors26.A.adapting B.returning C.heading D.pointing27.A.paidfor B.setup C.tookon D.ledto28.A.frightening B.regretful C.annoying D.shameful29.A.shape B.mind C.order D.faith30.A.risky B.remarkable C.traditional D.joyful31.A.respect B.cooperation C.balance D.discussion32.A.blessing B.kindness C.concern D.gratitude33.A.offering B.praising C.advocating D.assessing34.A.performance B.virtue C.recovery D.courage35.A.edited B.perfected C.performed D.celebrated【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个两岁的小女孩丢失了，在救援中各部门行动迅速，积极配合，不懈努力，让孩子及时得救。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午6点左右，当该地区的一名猎人听到失踪儿童的哭声时，情况发生了有希望的转折。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.reasonable合理的；D.challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.”可知，寻找孩子有了希望。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：猎人立即做出反应，拨打了紧急电话，告诉当局孩子的位置。A.placed放置,拨打；B.received收到；C.missed错过；D.answered回答。根据下文“anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.”可知，猎人拨打急救电话。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：操作人员立即行动，应用先进的测绘技术确定位置。A.appeared出现；B.escaped逃逸；C.acted行为；D.arrived到达。根据下文“applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition”可知，收到急救电话后，操作人员立刻就行动了起来。故选C项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一重要信息随后迅速被送往南卡罗来纳州的一个执法部门和该县的第一个救援人员。A.optionally可选地；B.carefully小心地；C.entirely完全地；D.rapidly迅速地。根据常识可知，救援是紧急的，应迅速传达信息。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.discoverers发现者；B.rescuers救援人员；C.operators操作员；D.survivors幸存者。根据下文“Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately_______aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，信息应传达给救援人员。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了定位数据，搜索队很快就向森林地区前进。A.adapting适应；B.returning返回；C.heading朝(某方向)行进；D.pointing指出。根据上文“Withthelocationdatainhand”可知，搜索人员在定位数据的指引下前行。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些救援人员的不懈努力最终促成了一次温馨的团聚。A.paidfor付款；B.setup设置；C.tookon呈现；D.ledto导致。根据下文“aheartwarmingreunion”可知，救援人员的付出让孩子和家人团聚。故选D项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管她有着令人害怕的经历，但人们发现她的身体状况出奇地好，除了可以理解的疲倦、口渴和恐惧。A.frightening令人害怕的；B.regretful遗憾的；C.annoying烦人的；D.shameful可耻的。根据常识可知，走丢了是令人害怕的经历。故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.shape状况；B.mind心智；C.order订单；D.faith信仰。根据上文“Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries”可知，小女孩状况很好。beingoodshape“状态良好”。故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次引人注目的营救行动是不同部门之间通力合作的结果。A.risky有风险的；B.remarkable显著的；C.traditional传统的；D.joyful快乐的。根据全文以及上文“Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly_______tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately____aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，这次救援中各部门行动迅速，配合好，是一次引人注目的营救行动。不懈努力才让孩子及时得救了。故选B项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.respect尊重；B.cooperation合作；C.balance平衡；D.discussion讨论。根据下文“betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole”可知，是各部门的通力合作让救援变得很顺利。故选B项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：纽伯里县治安官办公室对包括市民在内的所有相关人员的努力表示感谢，并感谢他们在搜寻过程中提供的想法和祈祷。A.blessing祝福；B.kindness善良；C.concern关注；D.gratitude感激。根据下文“ortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose________theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch”可知，此处是表达感谢。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.offering提供；B.praising赞扬；C.advocating主张；D.assessing评估。根据下文“theirthoughts”可知，救援过程中相关人员都献计献策。故选A项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这个由家人照顾的小女孩的康复表示欣慰。A.performance表演，性能；B.virtue美德；C.recovery恢复；D.courage勇气。根据上文“Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.”以及下文“inthecareoffamily”可知，在家人的照料下，小女孩很快得以康复。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在未来几年他们的英勇行为将被誉为纽伯里县一个感人的成功故事。A.edited编辑；B.perfected完善；C.performed执行；D.celebrated庆祝，赞美

，颂扬

。根据下文“asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyforyearstocome.”可知，这是一个值得赞颂的故事。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GrandCanalisoneofthegreatengineeringwondersbuiltbyancientChinese.“Itbearswitness____36____aremarkableandearlydevelopmentofhydraulic(水利的)engineering,”theUNESCOwebsitestates.Inancienttimes,theGrandCanal____37____(serve)asthemainchannelforgraintransportandeverykindofeconomicandculturalexchange.Italsofacilitatedthetime-consumingjourneysoflaborersandmaterialsforthe____38____(construct)oftheForbiddenCityinBeijing,thecapitalcityoftheYuan,MingandQingDynasties.GrandCanalhadinspiredthenameofChenchen,oneofthethreemascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou.Chenchen,comingfromtheGongchenBridge,____39____stretchesovertheHangzhousectionoftheGrandCanal,wascoloredblue____40____(represent)scienceandtechnology.TheHangzhousectionofthecanalcovers____41____totallengthof39kilometers,whichishometo11ofthecanal’stotal58historical____42____(site).ItentersthecityfromTangqiancienttowninYuhangDistrict,travelsthroughGongshuandShangchengDistricts,____43____finallyflowsintotheQiantangRiverfromtheThreeGorgesShipLock.Visitors____44____(recommend)totakeaboattripontheancientwaterwaytoenjoysomeof____45____(it)incomparablesceneryaswellastheamazinglandscapeofJiangnanwatertown.【答案】36.to37.served38.construction39.which40.torepresent41.a42.sites43.an