2023-2024学年湖南省株洲市高一上学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省株洲市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AMonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19:30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon’tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”.December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon’sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.Onlinebookings:.uk/bookMoreinto:.uk/whatsonLondonCanalMuseum12-13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT.uk

www.canalmuseum.mobiTel:020771308361.WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A.February6th. B.December5th.C.November7th. D.March6th.2.WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A.TheCanalPioneers. B.AnUpdateontheCotswordCanalsC.EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands D.IcefortheMetropolis3.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames.A.MirandaVickers B.MalcolmTuckerC.ChrisLewis D.LizPayne【答案】1.C2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了伦敦运河博物馆的每月演讲，演讲内容以及安排。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文中的"November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers."可知，JamesBrindley在11月7号演说。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文中的"February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne."可知，2月份讲座的主题是关于AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文中的"EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem."可知，MirandaVickers将要在岛上演说。故选A。BAfteralongdayatwork,YuanHui,avolunteerteacherinavillageinEnshi,Hubeiprovince,decidedtostaybackintheofficeuntillate.Thisisthe10thyearofhisvolunteerteachingcareerintheCountryside.Locateddeepinthemountains,thevillagewasstruckbypoverty.Despiteallchallenges,Yuanbelievesthatitwasapreciousexperiencegrowingupamonghisstudents.“Ididnotcomehereonawhim.Iloveteachingfromthebottomofmyheart,”saysYuan,whoteachesavarietyofcourses,includinghistory,geographyandmusic,indifferentprimaryandmiddleschoolsinEnshi.“SinceIwasahighschoolstudent,I’vedreamedofbeingavolunteerteacher.Differentfromthetraditionalteachingstyle,Ifeelthereisanotherway,andIhopetohavetheopportunitytoputmyideasintopractice,”hesays,addingthathisteachingmayhaveagreaterimpactonstudentslivinginmountainvillageswithlimitededucationresources.“Spreadingjoyandknowledgeamongothersmakesmefeelsatisfied.Livinginthewoods,Iseemedtohavereachedadeepunderstandingwithnature,anddiscoveredtheessenceoflife,”hesays.WhenYuanfirststartedteaching,hevisitedeverystudent’sfamilyontheweekends.“Mostofthemwereleft-behindchildren,andsomewerefromsingle-parentfamilies,”saysYuan.Hedecidedtohelpthechildrenwiththeirstudiesbydevelopinggoodhabits.“Insuchcases,it’simportanttohelpthembuilduptheirconfidence,”saysYuan.Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.Yuan’suniqueteachingmethodsbecamemorepopularinthecounty,andotherschoolsinvitedhimtodeliverlectures.“IthinkI’mlivingahappylife,”hesaidinoneofhislectures.Overthepastyears,Yuanhaswonmanynationalhonors.“Ithinktheyarearesultofmydevotion.Onlythroughdevotioncanonepossessinnerpeaceandjoy,”hesays.4.Theunderlinedpart“onawhim”inparagraph2means________.A.outofkindness B.onpurposeC.duetoasuddenwish D.withouthesitation5.WhydidYuandesignalotofactivity-basedcourses?A.Tomakehisteachingeasy. B.Tomakehimselfpopular.C.Tomakehisstudentsconfident. D.Tomakehislifecolorful.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutYuanHuifromthepassage?A.HewasunsatisfiedwiththelivingconditionsinEnshi.B.Volunteeringinthevillagebroughthimmentalsatisfaction.C.Hisstudentswereleft-behindchildrenfromsingle-parentfamilies.D.Hisdreamofbeingavolunteerteacherstartedafterhefinishedhighschool.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYuanHui?A.Devotedandcreative. B.Criticalandrigid.C.Oddandintelligent. D.Mildandambitious.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乡村教师袁辉，他在农村支教了十年。尽管面临种种挑战，袁认为这是他在学生中成长的宝贵经历。介绍了他是如何帮助学生建立自信的。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Iloveteachingfromthebottomofmyheart”可知，袁辉打心底里喜欢教书，所以不是因为突然的愿望来到这里的，故画线词意思是“由于一个突然的愿望”。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““Insuchcases,it’simportanttohelpthembuilduptheirconfidence,”saysYuan.Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.(袁说：“在这种情况下，帮助他们建立信心很重要。”为了实现这一目标，袁设计了很多以活动为基础的课程，鼓励孩子们更自信地表达自己)”可知，袁设计大量的活动型课程是为了让他的学生自信。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Spreadingjoyandknowledgeamongothersmakesmefeelsatisfied.Livinginthewoods,Iseemedtohavereachedadeepunderstandingwithnature,anddiscoveredtheessenceoflife(在他人之间传播快乐和知识让我感到满足。生活在森林里，我似乎对自然有了深刻的理解，发现了生命的本质)”可知，在村里做志愿者给袁辉带来了精神上的满足。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisisthe10thyearofhisvolunteerteachingcareerintheCountryside.(这是他在农村支教的第10个年头)”以及倒数第二段中“Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.Yuan’suniqueteachingmethodsbecamemorepopularinthecounty,andotherschoolsinvitedhimtodeliverlectures.(为了实现这一目标，袁设计了很多以活动为基础的课程，鼓励孩子们更自信地表达自己。袁独特的教学方法在县里越来越受欢迎，其他学校也邀请他来做讲座)”可推知，袁辉专注、有创造力。故选A。COfficialshaveunveiledthegold,silverandbronzemedalsthatwillbeawardedatthissummer’sOlympicgamesinParis,andeachonecontainsauniquesouvenir:afragmentofwasteironfromtheEiffelTower.“It’stheopportunityfortheathletestobringbackapieceofPariswiththem,”ThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,toldreporterslastweek.“TheabsolutesymbolofParisandFranceistheEiffelTower.”TheEiffelToweropenedin1889andduringthelaterrepairwork,someoftheoriginalironwascutoffandpreservedovertime.Now,someofthosepreservedmetalfragmentshavefoundnewhomes.EachnewOlympicmedalfeaturesapieceofEiffelToweriron—thoughthesignature“EiffelTowerbrown”painthasbeenremoved.Thesepieceshavebeenshapedintohexagons(六边形),whichisthe“shapeofFrance”.Besides,therearewords“Paris2024”,theOlympicringsandtheGameslogo,whichlookslikeaflameorthefaceofawomanwithabobhaircut.Howdidtheythinkofsuchanidea?JoachimRoncin,headofdesignattheParisGamesorganizingcommitteetoldthepress,“Wetalkedaboutthedesignmanytimesandrealizedthatthere’sonesymbolknownacrosstheworld,whichistheEiffelTower.Wesaidtoourselves,’‘Hey,whatifweapproachedtheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanytoseeifit’spossibletogetabitoftheEiffelTowertointegrateintothemedal?”WhentheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanyagreedtovolunteerpiecesoforiginaliron,“thedreambecamereality,”addsRoncin.Themedals,designedbytheluxuryParisjewelryhouseChaumet,makepeoplethinkoftheEiffelTowerinseveralotherways.Thepiecesofironaresecuredbywhatlookslikespecialnailsthatholdthestructuretogether,andthemedals’ribbonsaredecoratedwithpatternsofthetower’slatticeworkstructure.Theironfragmentsaresetinrecycledsilver,goldandbronzedisks.Over5,000medalsarebeingmade.8.WhatdoesThierrymeanbysaying“bringbackapieceofParis”?A.Partoftheathletes’medalisfromthesymbolofParis. B.TheathleteswilltakemanyphotosofParis.C.TheathleteswillbuysouvenirsaboutParis. D.TheEiffelTowerwillbeleftintheathletes’memory.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.TheprocessingtechniqueoftheEiffelTowerironpieces.B.TheshapeandmaterialoftheOlympicmedal.C.ThedesignoftheEiffelTowerironfragmentonthemedal.D.Thesymbolicmeaningofthehexagons.10.Howdidthedesignersgettheideaofaddingthewasteiron?A.TheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanyputforwardtheidea.B.TheOlympiccommitteeapprovedofthisdesign.C.Somevolunteersconsideredittobeagoodidea.D.Theygottheinspirationwhilehavingdiscussion.11.WhatcanweinferaboutthenewOlympicmedals?A.TheytaketheshapeoftheEiffelTower. B.TheyareinnovativeandtypicalofFrenchfeature.C.Theyrepresentacombinationofdifferentcultures. D.Theyillustratetheideaofsustainabledevelopment.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会奖牌的新颖设计、创意的来源以及其他的背景知识等。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段““It’stheopportunityfortheathletestobringbackapieceofPariswiththem,”ThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,toldreporterslastweek.“TheabsolutesymbolofParisandFranceistheEiffelTower.””（巴黎2024年奥运会创意总监蒂埃里•雷布尔(ThierryReboul)上周告诉记者：“对运动员来说，这是一个把巴黎的一部分带回来的机会。”“埃菲尔铁塔是巴黎和法国的绝对象征。”）可知，奖牌上有埃菲尔铁塔上面的碎铁，而埃菲尔铁塔是巴黎的标志性建筑，由此可知，蒂埃里说“带回一片巴黎”指的是运动员的奖牌上有一部分来自巴黎的象征。故选A项。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“EachnewOlympicmedalfeaturesapieceofEiffelToweriron—thoughthesignature“EiffelTowerbrown”painthasbeenremoved.Thesepieceshavebeenshapedintohexagons(六边形),whichisthe“shapeofFrance”.Besides,therearewords“Paris2024”,theOlympicringsandtheGameslogo,whichlookslikeaflameorthefaceofawomanwithabobhaircut.”（每一枚新的奥运奖牌上都有一块埃菲尔铁塔的铁——尽管标志性的“埃菲尔铁塔棕色”油漆已经被去掉了。这些碎片被塑造成六边形，这是“法国的形状”。此外，还有“巴黎2024”字样、奥运五环和奥运会徽，会徽看起来像一束火焰，或者是一个短发女人的脸。）可知，本段介绍了新的巴黎奥运奖牌上的埃菲尔铁塔碎片设计。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Howdidtheythinkofsuchanidea?JoachimRoncin,headofdesignattheParisGamesorganizingcommitteetoldthepress,“Wetalkedaboutthedesignmanytimesandrealizedthatthere’sonesymbolknownacrosstheworld,whichistheEiffelTower.Wesaidtoourselves,’‘Hey,whatifweapproachedtheEiffelTowerOperatingCompanytoseeifit’spossibletogetabitoftheEiffelTowertointegrateintothemedal?””（他们是怎么想到这个主意的？巴黎奥组委设计负责人约阿希姆·朗辛告诉媒体：“我们多次讨论设计方案，并意识到有一个世界闻名的标志，那就是埃菲尔铁塔。我们对自己说，“嘿，如果我们联系埃菲尔铁塔运营公司，看看是否有可能把埃菲尔铁塔的一部分融入到奖牌中呢？”）可推知，设计者们是在讨论在中得到将埃菲尔铁塔的一部分融入到奖牌中这个想法的。故选D项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章内容以及第一段“Officialshaveunveiledthegold,silverandbronzemedalsthatwillbeawardedatthissummer'sOlympicgamesinParis,andeachonecontainsauniquesouvenir:afragmentofwasteironfromtheEiffelTower.”（官方公布了将在今年夏季巴黎奥运会上颁发的金、银、铜牌，每一枚奖牌都有一个独特的纪念品：埃菲尔铁塔上的废铁碎片。）可知，法国把埃菲尔铁塔的碎片经过加工设计镶嵌到了奥运奖牌中，这是其他国家没有的，因此推断新的奥运奖牌是独特、新颖的。故选B项。DResearchershavedevelopedanewsoftrobotdesignthatconductsitselfwiththreebehavioursatthesametime:rolling(翻滚)forward.turninglikearecordandfollowingapaththatgoesaroundacentralpoint.Theequipment,whichoperateswithouthumanorcomputercontrol,holdspromisefordevelopingsoftrobotsthatcanbeusedtoAA-headandmapunknownenvironments.Thenewsoftrobotsarecalledtwistedring-bots(扭曲环机器人).Theyaremadeofsomethingliketheribbon(缎带)andthenjoinedtogetherattheendtoformaring.Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.“Theribbonrollsonitshorizontalaxis(横轴),givingtheringforwardstrength,”saysJieYin,aprofessorofmechanicalandaerospaceengineering.Thetwistedring-botalsoturnsalongitscentralaxis.Andasthetwistedring-botmovesforwardittravelsinapatharoundacentralpoint,basicallymovinginalargecircle.However,ifthetwistedring-botmeetsaboundary-likethewallofabox-itwilltravelalongtheboundary.Thetwistedring-botsareexamplesofequipmentwhosebehaviourisgovernedbyphysicalintelligence,meaningtheiractionsaredeterminedbytheirstructuraldesignandthematerialstheyaremadeof,ratherthanbeingdirectedbyacomputerorhuman.“Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”12.Whatmakestherobotrollfasterandfaster?A.Theribbon. B.Thecentralaxis.C.Theshapeandmaterial. D.Thehighersurfacetemperature.13.Howdoestheauthorintroducethenewsoftrobots?A.Byexplainingtherobot’sworkingways. B.Byquotingexperts’opinions.C.Bymakingsomecomparisons. D.Byofferingreasonsandresults.14.WhatisYin’sattitudetowardstwistedring-bots?A.Unclear. B.Favourable. C.Negative. D.Doubtful.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheNewSoftRobots B.RibbonsandTheirRollingC.ThreeCreativeMovements D.TwistedRingsandtheAxis【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新型软体机器人，即扭曲环机器人的相关工作原理和特点等。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(机器人被放置在至少55摄氏度的表面上，这比周围的空气要热，接触表面的带子的一部分会变小，而空气中的一部分则不会。这引起了一个滚动运动：表面越热，机器人滚动得越快。)”可知，其接触表面的温度越高，旋转越快。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(机器人被放置在至少55摄氏度的表面上，这比周围的空气要热，接触表面的带子的一部分会变小，而空气中的一部分则不会。这引起了一个滚动运动：表面越热，机器人滚动得越快。)”和第四段的“Thenewsoftrobotsarecalledtwistedring-bots(扭曲环机器人).Theyaremadeofsomethingliketheribbon(缎带)andthenjoinedtogetherattheendtoformaring.(这种新型软体机器人被称为“扭曲环机器人”。它们是由类似缎带的东西制成的，然后在末端连接在一起形成一个环。)”可知，作者主要通过介绍扭曲环机器人的相关工作原理来阐述其是一种新型软体机器人。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的““Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”(“软机器人仍然是一个相对较新的领域。”Yin说。“寻找以可重复和工程化的方式控制软机器人运动的新方法将推动该领域向前发展，推进我们对可能性的理解是令人兴奋的。”)”可知，Yin对新型软体机器人是满怀希望的。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchershavedevelopedanewsoftrobotdesignthatconductsitselfwiththreebehavioursatthesametime:rolling(翻滚)forward.turninglikearecordandfollowingapaththatgoesaroundacentralpoint.Theequipment,whichoperateswithouthumanorcomputercontrol,holdspromisefordevelopingsoftrobotsthatcanbeusedtoAA-headandmapunknownenvironments.(研究人员开发了一种新的软体机器人设计，它同时具有三种行为：翻滚向前，像唱片一样旋转，沿着一条绕着中心点的路径。该设备无需人工或计算机控制，有望开发出可用于自动识别和绘制未知环境地图的软机器人。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了新型软体机器人——扭曲环机器人的相关工作原理和特点等。因此推断A项“新软体机器人”为最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Greenexerciseisatermusedtodescribeanytypeofphysicalexercisethattakesplaceinanaturalenvironmentratherthaninahealthcluborgym.____16____.Instead,itreliesontheuseofnaturalmeansoftakingpartinactivitiesthatimprovestrengthandendurancewithaslittlerelianceonequipmentaspossible.____17____.Forexample,someconsideratrulynaturalexerciseexperiencerequiresthattheindividualwearclothingonlymadefromnaturalfibers.Othersconsiderbarefootrunningorwalkingwithabigarenatobemoredesirablethanrunningorwalkingwithshoes.Aslightlydifferentapproachtogreenexerciseputsmorestressonthefreshair,sunshineandinvolvementwiththenaturalworld,ratherthantheequipmentorclothingusedduringtheexercise.____18____.Similarly,climbingamountainusingstandardequipmentandprotectiveclothingwouldalsobeconsideredagreenexercise.Manyconsidergreenexercisehelpstoreconnecthumanbeingswiththenaturalworld.Theinteractionwithnaturehelpstolowerpeople'sbloodpressure,refreshtheirmind,andactuallyimprovetheirself-esteem.____19____.Noteveryonebelievesthatthegreenexerciseismorebeneficialthanworkingoutinahealthcluborgym.____20____.Meanwhile,theuseoffitnessdevicesmayresultinmorechallengingworkoutswhichhelpstrengthentheheartandlungsinwaysthatmoresimplisticexerciseinanaturalsettingwouldbedifficulttomanage.A.AgreengymusesaslittleequipmentaspossibleB.SpiritsarealsobelievedtobepositivelyaffectedC.OpinionsonwhattrulygreenexercisemeansdifferD.GreenexerciseincludesarangeofactivitiesexposedtonatureE.SoridingabicycleintheforestcanbecalledatypeofgreenexerciseF.Itusuallydoesn'tusefitnessequipmentthatisnormallyfoundinagymG.Somepointoutthatmanyhealthclubsarebuilttomakefulluseofnaturallight【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.G【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的运动方式——绿色运动，不同于在使用健身房的健身设施，更强调与大自然的接触，表明其利弊。【16题详析】根据上文“Greenexerciseisatermusedtodescribeanytypeofphysicalexercisethattakesplaceinanaturalenvironmentratherthaninahealthcluborgym.（绿色运动是一个术语，用于描述在自然环境中进行的任何类型的体育锻炼，而不是在健身俱乐部或健身房中。）”开头介绍绿色运动不同于在健身房的锻炼，空格处承上启下，以及后文的“Instead,”表明空格处的意义与后文相反。因此，空格处应继续说明绿色运动与健身房运动的不同之处，F项“Itusuallydoesn'tusefitnessequipmentthatisnormallyfoundinagym(它通常不使用健身房里常见的健身器材)”符合文意，提到了“gym”，与上下文一致。故选F。【17题详析】根据后文“Forexample,someconsideratrulynaturalexerciseexperiencerequiresthattheindividualwearclothingonlymadefromnaturalfibers.Othersconsiderbarefootrunningorwalkingwithabigarenatobemoredesirablethanrunningorwalkingwithshoes.（例如，一些人认为，真正自然的运动体验要求人只穿天然纤维制成的衣服。其他人则认为赤脚跑步或在大型竞技场上行走，比穿着鞋子跑步或行走更可取。）”从两个方面举例说明了两种不同的绿色运动方式。因此空格处总结性说明不同的人，对于什么是真正的绿色运动观点不同。C项“Opinionsonwhattrulygreenexercisemeansdiffer(人们对什么是真正的绿色运动意见不一)”符合文意。故选C。【18题详析】根据后文“Similarly,climbingamountainusingstandardequipmentandprotectiveclothingwouldalsobeconsideredagreenexercise.（同样，使用标准设备和防护服爬山也将被视为绿色运动。）”表明什么样的锻炼会被视为绿色运动，由“Similarly,”可知，空格处也是在介绍绿色运动的类型，而E项中“canbecalledatypeofgreenexercise”与后文中的“alsobeconsideredagreenexercise”结构一致，都是在介绍绿色运动的类型，E项“Soridingabicycleintheforestcanbecalledatypeofgreenexercise(因此，在森林里骑自行车可以被称为一种绿色运动)”符合文意。故选E。【19题详析】根据前文“Theinteractionwithnaturehelpstolowerpeoples’bloodpressure,refreshtheirmind,andactuallyimprovetheirself-esteem.（与大自然的互动有助于降低人们的血压，更新他们的思维，并真正地提高他们的自尊。）”介绍了绿色运动对于身体、头脑和心理健康的优点，而B项“Spiritsarealsobelievedtobepositivelyaffected(人们认为，精神也会受到积极影响)”承接上文，接着说明了绿色运动在精神上的积极影响。故选B。【20题详析】根据上文“Noteveryonebelievesthatthegreenexerciseismorebeneficialthanworkingoutinahealthcluborgym.（并非所有人都认为绿色运动比在健身俱乐部或健身房锻炼更有益。）”可知，该段在介绍另一种观点，指出使用健身器材锻炼也有好处，以及“Meanwhile,…”后文说明使用健身器材有利于增强心肺功能。因此，空格处也是在讲述健身俱乐部或者健身房的优点，G项“Somepointoutthatmanyhealthclubsarebuilttomakefulluseofnaturallight(一些人指出，许多健身俱乐部都是为了充分利用自然光而建的)”符合文意，其中的“manyhealthclubs”与上文的“inahealthcluborgym”上下一致。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasaSaturdaynight.Icircledtheneighborhoodafewtimes,lookingforaplaceto____21____mycar.Finally,Ifoundone,whichwasbehindalate-modelJeep.Itriedtobackintothespace,but____22____toseetheangles____23____.IhearditbeforeIfeltit,thesoundofplasticonplastic.Igotoutofmycarto____24____thedamage.Mycarwas____25____.However,thereweretwodistinct____26____ontheJeep.ThenInoticedawoman,walkingherdog,whowasnow____27____mewithherphone.“Hopeyou’renotplanningtodriveaway,”shesaidquietly.Untilthen,Iwasannoyedwithmyselfforhavingbeencareless,butnowIwas___28___withherfortakingmypicture.Howdareshe,Ithought.Shehadnorespectformy____29____.AndhowdaresheassumeIwoulddothewrongthing?ButsoonIcalmeddownbecauseIknewshewasn’tentirely_____30_____.Imadenodecisiontodriveawaywithoutleavinganote,butthatideadidflashacrossmymind.Itwasdark,and_____31_____her,noonewaswatching.Ithappensallthetime—thehit-and-runintheparkinglot.Weallhavethose_____32_____tobehaveselfishly.Itisnotthethoughtbutwhatwedowithitthat_____33_____.Itisthecommitmenttotake_____34_____,tocareforoneanother,andtothinkaboutthegreatergoodthatmakesthisworldabetterplacetostay.Eventually,Ilefta(an)_____35_____withmynameandphonenumberunderthewiperbladeoftheJeep.21.A.park B.repair C.fill D.start22.A.managed B.attempted C.failed D.turned23.A.individually B.hurriedly C.significantly D.clearly24.A.cover B.check C.rate D.reduce25.A.typical B.ordinary C.special D.unharmed26.A.doors B.lines C.functions D.batteries27.A.photographing B.inspiring C.forgiving D.greeting28.A.mad B.upset C.familiar D.generous29.A.work B.performance C.privacy D.idea30.A.tough B.rude C.capable D.incorrect31.A.insteadof B.inadditionto C.apartfrom D.inspiteof32.A.talents B.desires C.energies D.approaches33.A.responds B.depends C.counts D.happens34.A.time B.chances C.part D.responsibility35.A.note B.coin C.IDcard D.bag【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.D26.B27.A28.A29.C30.D31.C32.B33.C34.D35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次“事故”经历。作者在停车时无意碰到了另一辆吉普车，在吉普车上留下了两道刮痕。而这个事情被一位路过的女士记录了下来。作者当时虽然有过一闪而过的“逃逸”想法，但还是承担了责任，给车主留下了便条。通过这件事，作者想要强调，思想本身不重要，其决定作用的是用思想采取的行动。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在附近转了几圈，想找个地方停车。A.park停车；B.repair修理；C.fill填满，填充；D.start开始，发动。根据前文“Finally,Ifoundone,whichwasbehindalate-modelJeep.(最后，我找到了一处，它在一辆新款吉普车后面。)”可推知，作者在找地方停车。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力倒车以进入空处，但看不清角度。A.managed管理，设法做到；B.attempted企图；C.failed失败；D.turned转身，转动。根据后文“IhearditbeforeIfeltit,thesoundofplasticonplastic.(我在感觉之前就听到了，塑料撞击塑料的声音。)”并结合后文“Itwasdark(天很黑)”可推知，在天很黑的情况下，作者在倒车时有可能看不清，撞到或轧到了东西。“failtoseetheangles”可意为“看不清角度”，符合语境表达。故选C项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我努力倒车以进入空处，但看不清角度。A.individually分别地，单独地；B.hurriedly匆忙地，仓促地；C.significantly有重大意义地，显著地；D.clearly清楚地，清晰地。根据后文后文“Itwasdark(天很黑)”可推知，当时，天很黑，作者倒车时应是看不清。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下车检查损坏情况。A.cover覆盖，遮盖；B.check检查，核对；C.rate评价，评估；D.reduce减少。根据前文“thesoundofplasticonplastic(塑料撞击塑料的声音)”可推知，作者的车撞到了东西，下车查看车有没有损坏。故选B项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的车没有受伤。A.typical典型的；B.ordinary普通的；C.special特殊的；D.unharmed无恙的，没有受伤的。根据后文“However,thereweretwodistinct

______ontheJeep.(然而，吉普车上有两条明显的……)”可推知，吉普车被刮到了，“However”表达转折，那么作者的车没有损坏。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，吉普车上有两条明显的线条（刮痕）。A.doors门；B.lines线；C.functions功能；D.batteries电池。根据前文“thesoundofplasticonplastic(塑料撞击塑料的声音)”可推知，听到的塑料撞击塑料的声音应是来自作者的车与这辆吉普车之间的摩擦，对这辆吉普车造成了刮痕，这里可以用“lines(线)”表达。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到一个正在遛狗的女人，她正在用手机给我拍照。A.photographing摄影，照相；B.inspiring激励，鼓舞；C.forgiving宽恕，原谅；D.greeting问候，打招呼。根据后文“‘Hopeyou’renotplanningtodriveaway,shesaidquietly.(“希望你不是打算开车走，”她平静地说。)”可知，这位女士看到了“事故”过程，用手机将作者拍了下来。故选A项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我为自己的粗心而恼火，但现在我为她给我拍照而生气。A.mad生气的，气愤的；B.upset难过的，不安的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.generous慷慨的，大方的。根据后文“Howdareshe,Ithought.(她怎么敢这样，我想。)”可知，作者对于女士的行为很生气。故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不尊重我的隐私。A.work工作；B.performance表演，表现；C.privacy隐私；D.idea观点，主意。根据前文“ThenInoticedawoman,walkingherdog,whowasnow_______mewithherphone.(然后我注意到一个正在遛狗的女人，她正在用手机给我拍照。)”可知，这位女士用手机拍了作者，对于作者来说，这位女士没有尊重作者的隐私。故选C项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但很快我就平静下来了，因为我知道她并非完全错误。A.tough艰难的，严厉的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.capable有能力的；D.incorrect不正确的。根据后文“Imadenodecisiontodriveawaywithoutleavinganote,butthatideadidflashacrossmymind.(我没有决定不留下字条就开车离开，但这个想法确实在我脑海中闪过。)”可知，作者确实有过“逃逸”的想法，所以，这位女士的想法也不完全是错的。故选D项。【31题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：天很黑，除了她，没有人在看。A.insteadof代替，而不是；B.inadditionto除了……之外（还），另外；C.apartfrom除了……外（都）；D.inspiteof尽管。结合语境可推知，“her”指代前文提及的这位女士，目前，除了她看到了“事故”，其他人都没有看到。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都有自私的欲望。A.talents天赋，才能；B.desires欲望，心愿；C.energies精力，能量；D.approaches方法。结合语境分析，“those”应是指代类似于前文提及的“thehit-and-run(肇事逃逸)”这样的想法和欲望，而这样的想法和欲望是自私的。故选B项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这取决于我们用思想做什么，而不是思想本身。A.responds回应，回复；B.depends依靠，取决于；C.counts重要，计数；D.happens发生。根据后文“Eventually,Ilefta(an)_______withmynameandphonenumberunderthewiperbladeoftheJeep.(最终，我在吉普车的雨刮片下留下了一张纸条，上面写着我的名字和电话号码。)”可推知，作者用实际行动证明了“重要的是做什么”，而不是一闪而过的想法。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是承担责任、相互关心和思考更大利益的承诺，使这个世界成为一个更好的居住地。A.time时间；B.chances机会；C.part部分；D.responsibility责任。根据后文“Eventually,Ilefta(an)_______withmynameandphonenumberunderthewiperbladeoftheJeep.(最终，我在吉普车的雨刮片下留下了一张纸条，上面写着我的名字和电话号码。)”可知，作者在强调要承担责任。故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，我在吉普车的雨刮片下留下了一张纸条，上面写着我的名字和电话号码。A.note便条，纸币；B.coin硬币；C.IDcard身份证；D.bag书包，纸袋。根据后文“withmynameandphonenumber(上面写着我的名字和电话号码)”可推知，作者将自己的名字和电话号码写在了便条上。故选A项。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheInternetconnectsbillionsofpeopleacrosstheglobeandturnsdistantareasintopartofaglobalcommunity.Thisconnectivityprovidesfastaccesstovastamountsofinformation,____36____(make)learninganddiscoveryhighlyefficient.To____37____certainextent,theworld'sknowledgeisallatourfingertips.Withtheclickofamouseorthetouchofabutton,youareabletofindmillionsofresultsonlineinseconds.Inaddition,theInternetmakesdailytasksmoreconvenientthroughe-commerce.Youcaneasilyorderfood,shopforclothes,callataxi,orplanavacationfromyourdevice.Digitalpaymentsallowpeople____38____(go)outwithoutcarryingcash.Beyondconvenience,theInternetsupportssocial____39____(tie).Distancenolongerpreventscommunication;with____40____(vary)apps,youcankeepintouchwithfamilyandfriendsorjoinnewcommunities____41____canshareyourinterests.Whetherthroughmessagesvideocallsorsocialme