广东省北师大珠海分校附属外国语学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

北师大珠海分校附属外国语学校2022—2023学年第一学期高一年级英语期中考试试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ARoger:Hi,there!Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomeofmyfriendsandAlan,mycousin,cametocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagift.Weplayedgames,sangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreallyawonderfulday!Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweek?

‍Jessica:Yes,myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.First,wewenttotheUniversityofNorthCarolinatolearnaboutthehistoryofitsbasketballteam.Manybasketballstarswerestudentsthere.Thenwevisitedamuseum.Welearnedabouthowtheplanewasinventedandtookmanypicturesthere.Sara:Well,Iwasluckyenoughtogotoaconference(会议)oncharity(慈善)lastWednesday.Iwasexcitedtomeetalotofkindpeoplethere.OneofthemwasaboynamedRichard.Hespokeattheconferenceaboutthecharityworkthathehaddoneinthepastfewyears.Martin:Itwasamoredifferentweekthanusual.LastThursday,myschoolband(乐队)wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.Iplayedtheviolinandwewonaprize!OnFridaywewenttotheGeorgiaAquariumandgottoseedifferentkindsofsealifefromovertheworld.Itwasreallycool!1.WhendidRogerhavehisbirthdayparty?A.LastSaturday.B.LastThursday.C.LastFriday.D.LastWednesday.2.Whowentonaschoolfieldtriplastweek?A.Alan.B.Sara.C.Jessica.D.Richard.3.MartinwenttoAtlantato_________.A.speakataconferenceBperforminacompetitionC.organizeapartyD.visitauniversity【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个孩子上周的活动。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据Roger部分的介绍“Roger:Hi,there!Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.”(Roger：你好！上周六是我15岁生日。)可知，上周六Roger开的生日派对，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据Jessica部分的介绍“Jessica:Yes,myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.”(Jessica：是的，上周我们班去参加学校郊游了。)可知，Jessica上个星期参加学校郊游了，故选C。3.细节理解题。根据Martin部分的介绍“Martin:...LastThursday,myschoolband(乐队)wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.”(Martin：上周四我的学校乐队去亚特兰大参加比赛。)可知，Martin去亚特兰大是为了参加比赛，故选B。BAsastudent,youmusthavemetallkindsofteachers.Doyoulikeorhatethem?Istherecompleteunderstandingbetweenyouandthem?Atfirst,IthoughtMissLiwasnervousandshy.Butnow,Ifindshe’skindandpatient,andsheexplainsEnglishgrammarsoclearlythatevenIcanunderstanditwell!Shealwaysavoidsmakingyoufeelstupid.I’vealwayshatedmakingmistakesorpronouncingawordincorrectlywhenIspeakEnglish,butMissLijustsmilessothatIdon’tfeelthatstupid!MrsChenisverystrictandserious.Inherclass,wedon’tdaretosayawordunlesssheasksusto.Thereareafewstudentsinourclasswhokeepcomingtoclasslate,butthey’realwaysontimeforMrsChen’slessons!Someofourclassmatesdon’tlikeher.Butmostofusreallyappreciate(欣赏)herbecauseherteachingissowellorganisedandclear.Physicswillneverbemyfavouritelesson,butIthinkI’lldowellintheexamwithMrsChenteachingme.MrWuisverypopular.HereallyenjoysteachingChinese.Youcan’timaginewhatagreatteacherheis!Hetalksloudlyandfastandwaveshishandsaboutalotwhenhegetsexcited.He’sreallyunderstandingandfunny.Whenhethinkswe’regettingbored,hewilltellusjokesandmakeusactiveagain.Wereallyrespecthimalot.4.WhatsubjectdoesMissLiteach?A.English. B.Physics. C.Chinese. D.Maths.5.WhatisMrsChenlike?A.Kindandpatient. B.Strictandserious.C.Understandingandfunny. D.Nervousandshy.6.WhydothestudentsrespectMrWu?A.Heavoidsmakingthemfeelstupid.B.Heorganizeshisteachingwellandclearly.C.Hemakeshislessonslivelyandinteresting.D.Hetalksloudlyandfastandwaveshishandsaboutalot.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AllstudentslikeMrsChen.B.Thewriterreallylikeshis/herteachers.C.ThestudentsalwaysgetboredinMrWu’sclass.D.ThewriteralwaysmakesmistakesinEnglish.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了自己曾经遇到的几位老师。他们虽然性格各异，但都诲人不倦，用心爱护学生。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“andsheexplainsEnglishgrammarsoclearlythatevenIcanunderstanditwell!(她还很清楚地解释英语语法，连我都听得懂!)”可知，李老师教授英语学科。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mrs.Chenisverystrictandserious.(陈老师对我们要求非常严格，而且很严肃)”可知，陈老师性格严肃，对学生要求严格。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Youcan’timaginewhatagreatteacherheis!Hetalksloudlyandfastandwaveshishandsaboutalotwhenhegetsexcited.He’sreallyunderstandingandfunny.Whenhethinkswe’regettingbored,hewilltellusjokesandmakeusactiveagain.(你无法想象他是一个多么伟大的老师！他说话又大声又快，兴奋的时候还会不停地挥动双手。他真的很善解人意，也很有趣。当他认为我们感到无聊时，他会给我们讲笑话，使我们重新活跃起来。)”可推知，学生尊重吴老师是因为他使自己的课生动有趣。故选C。7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“butMissLijustsmiles,sothatIdon’tfeelthatstupid!(但是李老师灿烂的笑容，让我觉得即使犯错，自己也不是显得那么愚蠢)”、文章第三段“Butmostofusreallyappreciate(欣赏)herbecauseherteachingissowellorganisedandclear.(但我们大多数人都很欣赏她，因为她的教学组织得很好，也很清晰。)”和最后一段“Mr.Wuisverypopular.(吴老师真的非常受欢迎)”可知，作者非常喜欢自己遇到的几位老师。故选B。CItravelalotinmywork,andwhatIdislikeaboutmyjobiseatingalone.Italwaysmakesmefeellonelytoseeotherslaughingandtalking.So,roomserviceforseveralnightswasabetterchoiceforme.AfterhavingroomservicethreenightsatahotelinHouston,however,Ineededtogetoutofmyroom.Althoughtherestaurantopenedat6:30,Iarrivedat6:25.Thewaiteratthefrontdeskmadeacomment(评论)aboutmy“beingtherereallyearly”.Iexplainedmydislikeofeatingaloneinrestaurants.HethenseatedmeatalovelytableandaskedmewhetherIwouldmindifhesatdownwithmeforawhile.Iwasglad!Hesatandtalkedwithmeabouthiscareergoalsandthedifficultyofbeingatworkonnightsweekendsandholidays.Hesaidhehadn’tenoughtimetobewithhisfamily.After15minutes,hesawsomecustomersatthefrontdeskandexcusedhimself.Inoticedthatbeforehewenttothefrontdesk,hestoppedinthekitchenforamoment.Thenanotherwaitercameoutofthekitchenandhadawonderfulchatwithme.BeforeIleftthatnight,someotherwaiters,eventhecook,hadcomeoutofthekitchenandsatwithme!WhenIaskedformybillaboutonehourlater,allthepeoplewhohadsatdownwithmecameoverinabiggrouptomytable,andpresentedmewitharedrose.AndIcried!Whathadbegunasalonelynightendedasabeautifulexperience.8.Theauthoraskedforroomservicebecause_______.A.alotofmoneywouldbesavedinthiswayB.hedidn’tliketoeatwithotherpeoplearoundC.hedidn’twantedtoberecognizedbythewaitersD.seeingpeoplelaughingandtalkingmadehimfeelbad9.Howdidthewaiterfeelwhenhesawtheauthorcomeinat6:25?A.Dissatisfied. B.Pleased.C.Surprised. D.Angry.10.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecanlearnthatthewaiteratthefrontdesk______A.knewhowtoattractmorecustomerstohisrestaurantB.foundithardtobalancehisworkandhisfamilyC.wasgettingtiredofhispresentjobD.hadneverhadsuchachancetotalkabouthisworries11.Theauthorwantstotellusthat______.A.peopleareactuallyalllonelyintheirownwayB.restaurantsshouldputtheneedofcustomersfirstC.thekindnessofstrangerscanmakeyoulesslonelyD.restaurantsarefullofsurprisesforlonelypeople【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者因工作的需要多数在外旅行，身在异地感到孤单。通过服务员和其他人跟他的聊天，最终把一个孤独的夜晚变成了一次美好的经历。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Italwaysmakesmefeellonelytoseeotherslaughingandtalking.”（看到别人有说有笑总是让我感到孤独。），作者是因为看到人们大笑和大声谈论使自己感到心情不好，因此要求roomservice,故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Thewaiteratthefrontdeskmadeacomment(评论)aboutmy“beingtherereallyearly”.（服务员在前台对我“真的很早”做了一个评论）得知，服务员看到作者6:25到，感觉真的很早，所以是感到吃惊。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hesatandtalkedwithmeabouthiscareergoalsandthedifficultyofbeingatworkonnights,weekendsandholidays.Hesaidhehadn’tenoughtimetobewithhisfamily.”（他坐下来和我谈论他的职业目标，以及在晚上、周末和假期工作的困难。他说他没有足够的时间和家人在一起。）得知，很难兼顾工作和家庭。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Whathadbegunasalonelynightendedasabeautifulexperience.”（一开始是一个孤独的夜晚，后来却变成了一段美好的经历。）得知，当你身在异地，陌生人的善良会使你减少孤独。故选C。DOnMonday,IstoppedmycarinfrontofmydaughterJuliet’smiddleschool.Shejumpedinthefrontseat,feelingdown.Sheaskedmetohelpherstudyforhersciencetest.“Dad,IneedtomemoriseaunitabouttheReproductiveCycleofPlants.AndIcanhardlymakeit.”“Youknowmemorisingseemslikethebestwaytostudy,butinfactyoucandobetterintestsifyouworkontryingtounderstandthematerial.”Julietwasopentomyadvice.ItwasMondayafternoonandwehadtwonightstostudybeforethetestonWednesday.Isuggestedaplan.“Tomorrownight,youaregoingtoteachthematerialtome.Tonight,readtheunit.Preparetoteach.”AskinghertoteachmewasanunusualideabutIwasdeterminedtodoit.Studiesshowteachingsomebodyelseisaveryusefulwaytolearn.Evenifyoudon’tdotheteaching,theactofpreparingtoteachleadstomorelearningthanjusttryingyourbesttomemorisethematerial.OnTuesdayafternoon,Julietsatdownwithhersciencebookfacingmeandsaid,“OkayDad,let’sstudy.”Iwantedhertoteachme.Butfalsestartshappened.Icouldn’tbetoohardonher.Soinsteadwestartedwithmeaskinghersomesimplequestions.Sheknewsomebutnotothers.Whenshedidn’tknowtheanswers,Iencouragedhertocheckthebook.Shestartedcheckingthingsthatdidn’tmakesense.Andshewasactivelyseekingtotestherunderstanding.Iwashappytoseeit.Shewasn’tmemorising;shewastryingtomakesenseofthings,whichwasexactlywhatIhadhopedshewoulddo.12.WhydidJulietfeeldown?A.Becauseshefailedhersciencetest.BBecauseshehadtroublememorisingaunit.C.Becausesheknewnothingaboutplanting.D.Becauseshecouldn’tfollowherteacher.13.Inthewriter’sopinion,whichwasthekeytobestlearning?A.Memorising. B.Testing.C.Questioning. D.Understanding.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A.Makinghercheckthebook.B.Usingsimplequestionstotesther.C.Encouraginghertoreadtheunit.D.Askinghertoteachmetheunit.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ACreativeFatherB.AnUnexpectedTestC.LearningfromTeachingD.PreparingforTeaching【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了爸爸通过让女儿教他来学习这种方式帮助女儿深入理解所学的知识。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Dad,IneedtomemoriseaunitabouttheReproductiveCycleofPlants.AndIcanhardlymakeit.””（爸爸，我需要记住一个关于植物繁殖周期的单元。但我很难做到）可知，朱丽叶感到沮丧是因为她记一个单元的知识点有困难，因此答案选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Youknowmemorisingseemslikethebestwaytostudy,butinfactyoucandobetterintestsifyouworkontryingtounderstandthematerial.”（你知道，记忆似乎是最好的学习方式，但事实上，如果你努力理解材料，你会在考试中表现得更好）可知，作者认为理解才是最佳学习的关键，因此答案选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Askinghertoteachmewasanunusualidea”可知，让她教我是一个不同寻常的主意，此处承接上文，说的是我决心这样做，因此it指代的就是前面提到的“Askinghertoteachme”，即让她教我这个单元的知识，因此答案选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第五段“AskinghertoteachmewasanunusualideabutIwasdeterminedtodoit.”（让她教我是一个不同寻常的主意，但我决心这样做）可知，本文主要讲的是爸爸通过让女儿教他来学习这种方式帮助女儿深入理解所学的知识，因而文章主旨是“从教中学习”，因此答案选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonewantstobehappy.Youseepeoplewhoaresmilingandlaughing,andyouwanttobelikethem.___16___However,therearealsobaddays.Herearethreewaystomakeyouhappiereveryday.Smileoften.Researchhasshownthatthefacialexpressionyouwearinfluencesyourstateofmind.___17___Wearingapleasantexpressionforalongperiodoftimewillslowlyimproveyourfeelingsandhelpyouhaveahappierday.___18___Themoreyoucomplain,themoreannoyed(恼怒的)youbecome.Ifallyounoticeortalkaboutduringthedayarethethingsthatannoyyou,itisnosurprisethatyouareunhappy.Totrulyincreaseyourlong-termhappiness,don’tcomplainanylonger.___19___Practicethankfulness.Thankfulnesshasbeenshowntobethelasttickettoahappylife.Themoreyoupracticethankfulness,themoreyouwillfindthingstobegratefulforinyourlife.___20___Evensomethingassimpleasasafeplacetosleeporfoodtoeatisworthbeingthankfulforbecausenoteveryoneisfortunateenoughtohavethosenecessities.A.Tryyourbesttobehealthy.B.Youwillslowlystoppayingmuchattentiontowhatworriesyou.C.Haveanentiredaywithoutcomplainingevenonceandseehowyoufeel.D.Stopcomplaining.E.Therearegooddaysfilledwithsunshineandsmiles.F.Ifyoutrytosmile,youaremorelikelytobehappy.G.Thisthenleadsyoutorealizehowmuchgoodnessisinyourlife.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.C20.G【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，文章主要介绍让自己每天都快乐的方法。【16题详解】根据后文However,therearealsobaddays.可知前句与baddays相反，应该是gooddays，所以E正确。【17题详解】根据本段的主题句smileoften以及第一句面部表情影响人的心情可知如果笑，就会开心快乐，所以F正确。【18题详解】根据后文Themoreyoucomplain,themoreannoyed(恼怒的)youbecome.可知越抱怨，越容易恼怒，所以是停止抱怨，所以D正确。【19题详解】此段的主题是停止抱怨。根据前句Totrulyincreaseyourlong-termhappiness,don’tcomplainanylonger.可知为了延长自己的幸福感，不要再抱怨了，所以接下来就是假设不抱怨会有什么样的感受，所以C正确。【20题详解】根据主题要实践感激。再根据前句Themoreyoupracticethankfulness,themoreyouwillfindthingstobegratefulforinyourlife.可知越多实践感激就会发现有越多的事要感激，这会使你意识到生活有多么美好，所以G正确。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onceuponatime,therewasalittleboynamedRakesh.Hestudiedandlivedinaboardingschool(寄宿学校).Everynighthejumpedoverthewallandplayedoutside.He____21____returnedbeforedawn(黎明)andlayonhisbedagain,sonooneknewthathewentoutatnight.Onenightasusual,Rakeshfound____22____asleep.Hedecidedtoplayoutsideagain.Hewentintohisteacher—Mrs.Green’sroom____23____andsawher____24____onbed.ThenRakeshwalkedouttowardsthewall.Nearthewall,therewasa____25____.Heclimbeduptheladderand____26____overthewall.Butinfact,atthattimehisteacherwas____27____andsawhimwalkingout.Shegotupand____28____theladderfromthewall.Afewhourslater,Rakesh____29____.Inthe_____30_____,hetriedtoclimbdownfromthewall.Sadly,therewasnoladder.Instead,Mrs.Greenwasstandingwheretheladderwasandwaitedforhim.Rakeshwasvery_____31_____tobepunished.Buttohis_____32_____,shejusthelpedRakeshtogetontotheground,andsaid,“Rakesh,atleast_____33_____warmcoatwithyouwhenyougooutatnight.”Mrs.Green’s_____34_____madeRakeshknowthathedidwrong.Heapologized(道歉)andneverwentoutatnightagain.Itisthebest_____35_____thathehaseverhad.21.A.never B.always C.seldom D.sometimes22.A.someone B.anyone C.noone D.everyone23.A.loudly B.quietly C.happily D.quickly24.A.sleeping B.reading C.watchingTV D.smiling25.A.bed B.wall C.ladder D.office26.A.run B.ran C.jump D.jumped27.A.bored B.excited C.awake D.asleep28.A.tookcareof B.tookaway C.tookalookat D.tookout29.A.went B.refused C.retired D.returned30.A.light B.black C.dark D.heavy31.A.afraid B.glad C.sorry D.amazed32.A.surprised B.surprising C.surprisingly D.surprise33.A.buy B.lend C.bring D.borrow34.A.kindness B.illness C.happiness D.sadness35.A.lesson B.course C.subject D.curriculum【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.C26.D27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.C34.A35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫Rakesh的小男孩，在学校住宿时，每天晚上出去玩。有一天他的老师格林夫人发现了这件事，并没有惩罚他，而是用自己的善良使他意识到自己的错误的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他总是在黎明前回来，然后躺在床上，所以没有人知道他晚上出去了。A.never从未；B.always总是；C.seldom很少；D.sometimes有时候。根据“sonooneknewthathewentoutatnight.”可知，他总是在黎明前回来，所以没有人知道他晚上出去了。故选B。【22题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，Rakesh像往常一样发现大家都睡着了。A.someone某人；B.anyone任何人；C.noone没有一个人；D.everyone所有人。根据“Hedecidedtoplayoutsideagain.”可知，他发现所有人都睡了，决定再一次出去玩。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他悄悄地走进他老师——格林夫人的房间，看到她正睡在床上。A.loudly大声地；B.quietly安静地；C.happily高兴地；D.quickly迅速地。根据“Hestudiedandlivedinaboardingschool(寄宿学校).”可知，他是偷跑出去的，因此他悄悄走进老师房间。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sleeping睡觉；B.reading阅读；C.watchingTV看电视；D.smiling微笑。根据“Onenightasusual,Rakeshfound____2____asleep.”可知，他看见格林夫人正在睡觉。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：墙边有一架梯子。A.bed床；B.wall墙；C.ladder梯子；D.office办公室。根据下文“Heclimbeduptheladder”可知，此处是信息词ladder的词汇复现。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析和时态。句意：他爬上梯子，跳过墙。A.run跑；B.ran跑（过去式）；C.jump跳；D.jumped跳（过去式）。空处和“climbedup”是并列谓语，使用一般过去时，结合上文“Everynighthejumpedoverthewall”可知，此处为动词jump的过去式。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但事实上，当时他的老师醒了，看到他走了出去。A.bored无聊的；B.excited兴奋的；C.awake醒着的；D.asleep睡着的。根据“sawhimwalkingout.”可知，格林夫人是醒着的。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她站起来，把梯子从墙上拿走。A.tookcareof照顾；B.tookaway带走；C.tookalookat看一眼；D.tookout拿出。根据“Sadly,therewasnoladder.”可知，格林夫人把梯子拿走了。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，Rakesh回来了。A.went走；B.refused拒绝；C.retired退休；D.returned返回。根据“Butinfact,atthattimehisteacherwas____7____andsawhimwalkingout.”可知，此处表示他回来了。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在黑暗中，他试图从墙上爬下来。A.light轻的；B.black黑色的；C.dark黑暗的；D.heavy重的。根据“returnedbeforedawn(黎明)”可知，此处表示天没亮，在黑暗中。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rakesh非常害怕受到惩罚。A.afraid害怕的；B.glad高兴的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.amazed惊讶的。根据“tobepunished”可知，Rakesh非常害怕受到惩罚。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：但令他惊讶的是，她只是把Rakesh扶到地上，并说:“Rakesh，你晚上出去的时候至少要带件暖和的外套。”A.surprised感到惊讶的，形容词；B.surprising令人惊讶的，形容词；C.surprisingly令人惊讶地，副词；D.surprise惊讶，名词。toone’ssurprise为固定短语，意为“令某人惊讶的是”。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.buy买；B.lend借出；C.bring带来；D.borrow借入。根据“warmcoat”可知，格林夫人让他出去的时候带上温暖的外套。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：格林太太的善意使Rakesh知道他做错了。A.kindness善良；B.illness疾病；C.happiness快乐；D.sadness悲伤。根据“Buttohis___12____,shejusthelpedRakeshtogetontotheground,andsaid,“Rakesh,atleast____13____warmcoatwithyouwhenyougooutatnight.””可知，格林夫人没有惩罚他，反而关心他，格林夫人的善意让他意识到自己做错了。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是他上过的最好的一课。A.lesson课，教训；B.course课程；C.subject科目；D.curriculum全部课程。根据“Heapologized(道歉)andneverwentoutatnightagain.”可知，格林夫人的教诲是他上过的最好的一课。故选A。第二节语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式.PeruisacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica____36____threemainparts:narrow,dry,flatlandrunningalongthecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonrainforest.SpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru____37____(rule)bySpainfromthe16thcenturyto1821.Butbeforethat,PeruwasthecentreoftheancientIncaEmpire,anditsemperor____38____(live)inwhatisnowknownasthesiteMachuPicchu.Peruisan____39____(amaze)destinationfortourists.Here____40____(be)twomagicaltours：AmazonRainforestTourandMachuPicchuTour.InAmazonRainforestTour,youcanfirsttake____41____shortflightintotheAmazonrainforestandthentravelforadaytoyour____42____(accommodate)byboat.Inthefollowingthreedays,youcanexploretheuniquerainforestwithalocalguide.Intheothertour,youcantakeafour-dayhikethroughtheAndesMountainstothecityofMachuPicchu.After____43____(explore)theancientcity,youwillfinditveryamazing,____44____(especial)theIncas’drystonemethodofbuilding.Incabuilderscutstonessoexactly_____45_____nothingwasneededtoholdwallstogether.【答案】36.with37.ruled38.lived39.amazing40.are41.a42.accommodation43.exploring44.especially45.that【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秘鲁的地理位置、语言和旅游景点。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，有三个主要部分：狭窄、干燥、平坦的海岸、安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。表示“带有，具有”应用介词with。故填with。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：西班牙语是16世纪至1821年西班牙统治下的秘鲁的主要官方语言。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Peru和rule为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填ruled。【38题详解】考查动词时态。句意：但在此之前，秘鲁是古印加帝国的中心，其皇帝居住在现在被称为马丘比丘的地方。空处缺少谓语动词，根据“was”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填lived。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：秘鲁是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地。分析句子可知，句中“destination”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“amaze”意为“使惊奇”，动词词性，“amazing”意为“令人惊叹的”，形容词词性，修饰物，“amazed”意为“吃惊的”，形容词词性，修饰人，“destination”为物，故应用“amazing”修饰。故填amazing。【40题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这里有两个神奇之旅：亚马逊雨林之旅和马丘比丘之旅。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子主语“tours”为可数名词复数形式，故“be”应转换为“are”。故填are。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在亚马逊雨林之旅中，你可以先乘坐短途飞机进入亚马逊雨林，然后乘船旅行一天到你的住处。句中泛指一次短途飞行，故空格处应用不定冠词，“short”单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故空格处应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。【42题详解】考查名词。句意同上。分析句子可知，句中“your”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，“accommodate”意为“为（某人）提供住宿”，动词词性，“accommodation”意为“住处”，为不可数名词。故填accommodation。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在探索了这座古城之后，你会发现它非常惊人，尤其是印加人的干石建筑方法。分析句子可知，“After”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，“explore”意为“探索”，动词词性，动名词形式为“exploring”。故填exploring。【44题详解】考查副词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“especial”意为“特别的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“especially”，意为“尤其，特备”。故填especially。【45题详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：印加建设者们把石头切割得如此精确，以至于不需要任何东西来把墙壁固定在一起。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为结果状语从句，“so+adj./adv.+that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，故空格处应用“that”。故填that。第三部分写作第一小节选词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据下列句子的意思选出恰当的单词或词组填空。impressionObviouslychallengeaccommodationrecommendedresponsibleexperimentoutgoingpathsleavealonedestination46.Iamnot________soI’malittleanxiousrightnow.47.Iwanttomakeagood________onmyfirstseniorhighschoolday.48.Ireallywanttotellhimtopleasebequietand________me________.49.Icouldn’tconcentrateonthe________.50.Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisabig________.51.Myadviser________thatIshouldsignupforadvancedliterature.52.________,Iwasunhappy,butIwon’tquit.53.IknowI’llhavetostudyharderandgetusedtobeing________foralotmore.54.You’llspendonedaytravellingbyboattoyour________.55.Thisfour-daywalkingtourwilltakeyouonamazing________throughtheAndesMountain.【答案】46.outgoing47.impression48.①.leave②.alone49.experiment50.challenge51.recommended52.Obviously53.responsible54.destination55.paths【解析】【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：我不是一个外向的人，所以我现在有点焦虑。空处需填形容词作表语，outgoing意为“外向的”，符合题意。故填outgoing。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：我想在高中的第一天给大家留下一个好印象。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词作宾语，impression意为“印象”，符合题意，makeagoodimpressionon为固定短语，意为“给……留下好印象”。故填impression。【48题详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：我真的很想告诉他，请安静，让我一个人呆着。空处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式，leavesb.alone为固定短语，意为“不干涉某人”，符合题意。故填①leave；②alone。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：我无法集中精力做实验。空处需填名词作宾语，experiment意为“实验”，符合题意，此处特指某个实验，用单数名词。故填experiment。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：从初中到高中是一个巨大的挑战。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词作表语，challenge意为“挑战”，符合题意。故填challenge。【51题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我的导师建议我报高级文学。空处缺少谓语动词，recommend意为“推荐，建议”，符合题意，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填recommended。【52题详解】考查副词。句意：很明显，我很不开心，但我不会放弃。空处需填副词作状语，修饰整个句子，obviously意为“明显地”，符合题意，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Obviously。【53题详解】考查形容词。句意：我知道我必须更加努力学习，习惯承担更多的责任。空处需填形容词作表语，responsible意为“负责任的”，符合题意，beresponsiblefor为固定短语，意为“对……负责”。故填responsible。【54题详解】考查名词。句意：你将花一天的时间乘船到达目的地。形容词性物主代词your修饰名词，destination意为“目的地”，符合题意，结合语境，此处用名词单数形式。故填destination。【55题详解】考查名词。句意：这个为期