【译林高一下】江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高一下学期期终考试英语试题（解析版）

2/2江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高一下学期期终考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdotogether?A.Attendaclass.B.Listentomusic.C.Havelunch.2.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Toagiftshop.B.Tohisbrother'shouse.C.TotheChildren'sCenter.3.What'swrongwiththeman?A.Hishandsgotinjured.B.Hispaintinglooksterrible.C.Thereispaintonhishands.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Shopforfood.B.Cookdinner.C.Dothedishes.5.Howmanyquestionsmustthestudentsanswer?A.5.B.10.C.12.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Neighbours.C.Friends7.Wherewillthewomangonext?A.Toaclassroom.B.Toalibrary.C.Toagym.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howlongwasthewoman'sholidayintotal?A.Oneweek.B.Tendays.C.Twoweeks.9.Whatdoesthemanprefertodo?A.Goskiing.B.Stayinthecity.C.Driveinthemountains.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InParis.B.InToronto.C.InNewYorkCity.11.WhatisJohnstudying?A.Literature.B.History.C.Art.12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtobuy?A.Wine.B.Bread.C.Cheese.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutfirst?A.Theman'sfavoriteactor.B.Theman'sfavoritecountry.C.Thewoman'sfavoritemovie.14.WhatimpressesthemanmostaboutTokyo?A.Theweather.B.Thepeople.C.Thefood.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofBarcelona?A.It'snoisy.B.Itslifeiscolorful.C.Itslivingcostishigh.16.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingattheseaside?A.Readingbooks.B.Playingvolleyball.C.Havingabarbecue.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aschoollibrary.B.Anonlineservice.C.Aneworganization.18.WhatcanpeopledothroughBookCrossing?A.Buybooks.B.Sellbooks.C.Sharebooks.19.Howcanmembersgetinformationaboutthephysicalbooks?A.Byviewinganonlinelist.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bysendingane-mail.20.Whichcolorshowsthenumberofbooksputoverthelast30days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestUkrainianMoviesofthePastDecadeInthepasttenyears,Ukrainianmovieshavereceivedtheattentionoffilmfestivals,makinganimpactoncinema.Thesearesomeofthebestofthedecade.TheTribeMyroslavSlaboshpytskyi's2014crimedramaTheTribeisthemostsuccessfulUkrainianmovie;thefilmwon29awards,including4awardsatCannesFilmFestival.TheTribeisasilentmoviewithonlysignlanguage.Itisareallyshockingandsadfilmaboutthedarksideofaschoolofthedeaf.MyThoughtsAreSilentMyThoughtsAreSilentisafilmfromAntonioLukich,acomedyabouttwo-meter-tallVadim,whohastorecordthevoiceofaveryrarebirdfromWesternUkraine.Todothis,Vadimgoesonatripwithhismother,ataxidriver.Theirjourneyisfullofmisunderstandings,butatthesametime,jokesandwarmth.MyThoughtsAreSilentisatrulyspecialandemotionalfilm.HumanwithaStoolIn2004,directorandtravelerLeonidKantercameupwithacrazyidea;hedecidedtobringfourstools（凳子）fromhiskitchentotheshoresofthefouroceans.Kanterandhisfriends,agroupoffriendlydreamers,setoutonajourneywithalmostnomoney.The2019documentaryfilmHumanwithaStooltellsthestoryoftheirextraordinaryadventure.In2018,Kanterpassedaway,andhisfriendsfinishedHumanwithaStoolwithouthim.VolcanoThe2018comedy-dramaVolcanobyRomanBondarchukfollowsaforeignerLukas,whocomestoUkrainetocarryoutatask.IntheUkrainianvillage,LucasmeetsastrangemannamedVova,whoshowsLucastheamazingworldoftheUkrainianprovince.Volcanowon9awards,includingtheawardsatfestivalsinBrazil,SwitzerlandandChina.Itisabeautifullymadework,bothpoeticandfunnyatthesametime.1.Whichfilmwillyougotoifyouareinterestedinasilentmovie?A.TheTribe. B.MyThoughtsAreSilent.C.HumanwithaStool. D.Volcano.2.Whichdirectordiedwithhis/hermovieunfinished?A.LeonidKanter. B.AntonioLukich.C.MyroslavSlaboshpytskyi. D.RomanBondarchuk.3.WhatdoMyThoughtsAreSilentandVolcanohaveincommon?A.Theyarebothdocumentaries. B.Theyarebothamusing.C.Theybothfocusonfriendship. D.Theybothtellthestoryofdisasters.【答案】1.A2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几部过去十年乌克兰最佳电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheTribe下列段落中“TheTribeisasilentmoviewithonlysignlanguage.(《TheTribe》是一部只有手语的无声电影。)”可知，如果你对无声电影感兴趣，你应该去看《TheTribe》。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据HumanwithaStool下列段落中“In2018,Kanterpassedaway,andhisfriendsfinishedHumanwithaStoolwithouthim.(2018年，Kanter去世，他的朋友们在没有他的情况下完成了《HumanwithaStool》。)”可知，LeonidKanter在电影未完成时去世了。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据MyThoughtsAreSilent下列段落中“Theirjourneyisfullofmisunderstandings,butatthesametime,jokesandwarmth.(他们的旅程充满了误会，但同时也充满了笑话和温暖。)”和Volcano下列段落中“Itisabeautifullymadework,bothpoeticandfunnyatthesametime.(这是一部制作精美的作品，既富有诗意又很有趣。)”等内容可知，这是两部喜剧，它们都很有趣。故选B项。BAfteralongdayatwork,YuanHui,avolunteerteacherinavillageinEnshi,Hubeiprovince,decidedtostaybackintheofficeuntillate.Thisisthe10thyearofhisvolunteerteachingcareerintheCountryside.Locateddeepinthemountains,thevillagewasstruckbypoverty.Despiteallchallenges,Yuanbelievesthatitwasapreciousexperiencegrowingupamonghisstudents.“Ididnotcomehereonawhim.Iloveteachingfromthebottomofmyheart,”saysYuan,whoteachesavarietyofcourses,includinghistory,geographyandmusic,indifferentprimaryandmiddleschoolsinEnshi.“SinceIwasahighschoolstudent,I’vedreamedofbeingavolunteerteacher.Differentfromthetraditionalteachingstyle,Ifeelthereisanotherway,andIhopetohavetheopportunitytoputmyideasintopractice,”hesays,addingthathisteachingmayhaveagreaterimpactonstudentslivinginmountainvillageswithlimitededucationresources.“Spreadingjoyandknowledgeamongothersmakesmefeelsatisfied.Livinginthewoods,Iseemedtohavereachedadeepunderstandingwithnature,anddiscoveredtheessenceoflife,”hesays.WhenYuanfirststartedteaching,hevisitedeverystudent’sfamilyontheweekends.“Mostofthemwereleft-behindchildren,andsomewerefromsingle-parentfamilies,”saysYuan.Hedecidedtohelpthechildrenwiththeirstudiesbydevelopinggoodhabits.“Insuchcases,it’simportanttohelpthembuilduptheirconfidence,”saysYuan.Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.Yuan’suniqueteachingmethodsbecamemorepopularinthecounty,andotherschoolsinvitedhimtodeliverlectures.“IthinkI’mlivingahappylife,”hesaidinoneofhislectures.Overthepastyears,Yuanhaswonmanynationalhonors.“Ithinktheyarearesultofmydevotion.Onlythroughdevotioncanonepossessinnerpeaceandjoy,”hesays.4.Theunderlinedpart“onawhim”inparagraph2means________.A.outofkindness B.onpurposeC.duetoasuddenwish D.withouthesitation5.WhydidYuandesignalotofactivity-basedcourses?A.Tomakehisteachingeasy. B.Tomakehimselfpopular.C.Tomakehisstudentsconfident. D.Tomakehislifecolorful.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutYuanHuifromthepassage?A.HewasunsatisfiedwiththelivingconditionsinEnshi.B.Volunteeringinthevillagebroughthimmentalsatisfaction.C.Hisstudentswereleft-behindchildrenfromsingle-parentfamilies.D.Hisdreamofbeingavolunteerteacherstartedafterhefinishedhighschool.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYuanHui?A.Devotedandcreative. B.Criticalandrigid.C.Oddandintelligent. D.Mildandambitious.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乡村教师袁辉，他在农村支教了十年。尽管面临种种挑战，袁认为这是他在学生中成长的宝贵经历。介绍了他是如何帮助学生建立自信的。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Iloveteachingfromthebottomofmyheart”可知，袁辉打心底里喜欢教书，所以不是因为突然的愿望来到这里的，故画线词意思是“由于一个突然的愿望”。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““Insuchcases,it’simportanttohelpthembuilduptheirconfidence,”saysYuan.Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.(袁说：“在这种情况下，帮助他们建立信心很重要。”为了实现这一目标，袁设计了很多以活动为基础的课程，鼓励孩子们更自信地表达自己)”可知，袁设计大量的活动型课程是为了让他的学生自信。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Spreadingjoyandknowledgeamongothersmakesmefeelsatisfied.Livinginthewoods,Iseemedtohavereachedadeepunderstandingwithnature,anddiscoveredtheessenceoflife(在他人之间传播快乐和知识让我感到满足。生活在森林里，我似乎对自然有了深刻的理解，发现了生命的本质)”可知，在村里做志愿者给袁辉带来了精神上的满足。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisisthe10thyearofhisvolunteerteachingcareerintheCountryside.(这是他在农村支教的第10个年头)”以及倒数第二段中“Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.Yuan’suniqueteachingmethodsbecamemorepopularinthecounty,andotherschoolsinvitedhimtodeliverlectures.(为了实现这一目标，袁设计了很多以活动为基础的课程，鼓励孩子们更自信地表达自己。袁独特的教学方法在县里越来越受欢迎，其他学校也邀请他来做讲座)”可推知，袁辉专注、有创造力。故选A。CDoesadversity(逆境)warmheartsorhardenthem?Recently,mygraduatestudentDanielandIsetouttoexploretherelationshipbetweenadversityandcompassion(同情).Weconductedastudyonlineandreachedmorethan200peoplefromallwalksoflife.Afteraskingthemaboutthehardshipstheyfacedandhowoftentheyexperiencedcompassion,weofferedthemthechancetodonatesomeofthemoneytheywereabouttobepaidfortakingpartinthestudytohelppeopleinneed.Theresultshowedthatthosewhohadfacedseriousadversitiesinlifefeelmorecompassionforsufferingpeople.Andasaresult,theydonatedmoremoney.Now,ifexperiencinganytypeofhardshipcanmakeapersonmorecompassionate,youmightassumethatthecompassionwouldbereachedwhensomeonehasexperiencedtheexactmisfortunethatanotherpersonisfacing.Interestingly,thisturnsouttobedeadwrong.InanarticlerecentlypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,theKelloggSchoolofManagementprofessorLoranNordgrenandhisteamfoundthatthehumanmindrefusestoworkasusualwhenitcomestorememberingitsownpasthardships:itregularlymakesthemappeartobelesspainfulthantheyactuallywere.Therefore,recallingabadexperienceinyourownpastmaymakeyouunderestimate(低估)thedifficultyofothers’challenges.Youovercameit,youthink;soshouldhe.Theresult?Youlackcompassion.Ourfindings,takentogetherwiththoseofProfessorNordgrenandhisteam,arethatlivingthroughhardshipsdoesn’teitherwarmheartsorhardenthem;itdoesboth.Knowingsufferinginlifeusuallyenhancesthecompassionwefeelforothers,exceptwhenthesufferinginvolvesspecificpainfuleventsthatweknowalltoowell.8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor’sstudy?A.Thoseattendingithadtopayforit.B.Thoseattendingitwereaskedquestionsonly.C.Itismeanttoencouragepeopletohelpthoseinneed.D.Ittriestorevealtherelationshipbetweenadversityandcompassion.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph3referto?A.People’scompassionforsufferingpeople.B.People’sunderstandingofothers’misfortune.C.ThefindingsofLoranNordgrenandhisteam.D.Theassumptionthatsharedmisfortunemayleadtocompassion.10.WhatdidProfessorNordgrenandhisteamfind?A.Hardshipsmakepeoplelostinsadmemories.B.Hardshipsleadtopeople’slackofcompassion.C.Peopletendtoremembertheirhardshipseasily.D.Peoplesufferingfromadversityareeasytobreakdown.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thewaytoovercomeadversity. B.Thefunnythingaboutadversity.C.Thehiddenbenefitsofadversity. D.Lessonspeoplelearnfromadversity.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是作者和研究生丹尼尔所进行的对逆境和同情之间的关系的探索和研究，以及研究的有趣发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Recently,mygraduatestudentDanielandIsetouttoexploretherelationshipbetweenadversityandcompassion(同情).(最近，我和我的研究生丹尼尔开始探索逆境和同情之间的关系)”可知，作者的研究试图揭示逆境和同情之间的关系。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Now,ifexperiencinganytypeofhardshipcanmakeapersonmorecompassionate,youmightassumethatthecompassionwouldbereachedwhensomeonehasexperiencedtheexactmisfortunethatanotherpersonisfacing.(现在，如果经历任何类型的困难可以让一个人更有同情心，你可能会认为当一个人经历了另一个人正面临的不幸时，同情心就会达到)”和“Interestingly,thisturnsouttobedeadwrong.(有趣的是，事实证明这是大错特错的)”可知，this指代的是上文所说的“共同的不幸可能导致同情”的假设。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“InanarticlerecentlypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,theKelloggSchoolofManagementprofessorLoranNordgrenandhisteamfoundthatthehumanmindrefusestoworkasusualwhenitcomestorememberingitsownpasthardships:itregularlymakesthemappeartobelesspainfulthantheyactuallywere.Therefore,recallingabadexperienceinyourownpastmaymakeyouunderestimate(低估)thedifficultyofothers’challenges.Youovercameit,youthink;soshouldhe.Theresult?Youlackcompassion.(在《人格与社会心理学杂志》最近发表的一篇文章中，凯洛格管理学院教授罗兰·诺德格伦和他的团队发现，当回忆起自己过去的苦难时，人类的大脑拒绝像往常一样工作：它经常让它们看起来比实际情况要少。因此，回忆自己过去的糟糕经历可能会让你低估别人挑战的难度。你认为你克服了它；所以他应该。结果呢？你缺乏同情心)”可知，诺德格伦教授和他的团队发现苦难导致人们缺乏同情心。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段的“Now,ifexperiencinganytypeofhardshipcanmakeapersonmorecompassionate,youmightassumethatthecompassionwouldbereachedwhensomeonehasexperiencedtheexactmisfortunethatanotherpersonisfacing.Interestingly,thisturnsouttobedeadwrong.(现在，如果经历任何类型的困难可以让一个人更有同情心，你可能会认为当一个人经历了另一个人正面临的不幸时，同情心就会达到。有趣的是，事实证明这是大错特错的)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者和研究生丹尼尔所进行的对逆境和同情之间的关系的探索和研究，以及研究的有趣发现。由此可知，B选项“Thefunnythingaboutadversity.(逆境的有趣之处)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。D“Innovation,”MattRidleytellsusatthestartofhisnewbook,HowInnovationWorks,“isthemostimportantfactoraboutthemodernworld,butoneoftheleastwellunderstood.”Afterdecadesofcarefulstudy,we’restillnotcompletelysureaboutinnovation’scausesorhowitcanbestbedeveloped.Inthisbook,heistryingtomakethe“greatpuzzle”easiertounderstand.Inthefirsthalfofhisbook,wevisitwiththeearlydevelopersofthesteamengine,knowingtheeventsleadingtotheWrightbrothers’firstflight,andhearaboutthestoriesaboutinventorsandtheirinventions.Inthesecondhalfofhisbook,helooksclosely,chapterbychapter,atthefactorsthatshapeinnovations.Ridley’smostimportantchaptersarewherehecallsattentiontotheprocessofmakingnewthings.Innovation,hetellsus,isusuallyastep-by-stepjourney.ThiswasthecasewithThomasEdison,who,asRidleynotes,tried6,000differentmaterialsforhiselectriclight.AtRidley’sconclusionhetellsustheinnovation“isthechildoffreedomandtheparentofgoodlife”.Butitisunclearwhythehumandesiretomoveforwardisnowinthecrisisofbeingabandoned.Itseemsmorerealistictobelievethatseekinginnovationwillbejustfine,aslongaswekeepencouragingmenandwomenwhoaretryingtosolveimportantproblems.Andwedon’tnecessarilyhavetocreateanideatoexplainwhatmaybehappening.Forexample,ourscientistsandengineersarenowworkingaroundtheclockandaroundtheworldtofightofftheCOVID-19.Theyaresolvingabigproblemwithlotsoffunding,lotsoftalent,lotsofteamworkandlotsofambition.Isn’tthathowinnovationworks,too?12.MattRidley’snewbookisintendedto__________.A.encouragepeopletoinnovate B.sharestoriesaboutinnovationC.introducethehistoryofinnovation D.explorethewayinnovationworks13.WhatisthefirsthalfofMattRidley’snewbookmainlyabout?A.Thefactorsthatshapeinnovations.B.Howtheinventorsachievedsuccess.C.Introductiontosomeinnovationsinhistory.D.Howpeoplebenefitedfrominnovationsinthepast.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybelongto“innovation”?A.Workersapplytraditionalskillstoensuretheprofits.B.Farmersimprovetheirharvestbyexpandingfarmingland.C.Scientistsmakeeffortstocreatenewwaystoreducepollution.D.Teachersimprovestudents’academicperformancewithmorehomework.15.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Wecanpredictthefuturebyinnovating.B.Wewillfacecrisisifweneverinnovate.C.Innovationistosolveallimportantproblems.D.Innovationisthecombinationofmanyfactors.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是MattRidley的新书HowInnovationWorks的相关信息。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Afterdecadesofcarefulstudy,we’restillnotcompletelysureaboutinnovation’scausesorhowitcanbestbedeveloped.Inthisbook,heistryingtomakethe“greatpuzzle”easiertounderstand.(经过几十年的仔细研究，我们仍然不完全确定创新的原因，也不确定如何才能最好地发展创新。在这本书中，他试图让这个“大难题”更容易理解。)”及最后一段的“Isn’tthathowinnovationworks,too?(这不也是创新的运作方式吗？)”可知，马特·里德利的新书目的是探索创新的工作方式，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inthefirsthalfofhisbook,wevisitwiththeearlydevelopersofthesteamengine,knowingtheeventsleadingtotheWrightbrothers’firstflight,andhearaboutthestoriesaboutinventorsandtheirinventions.(在他的书的前半部分，我们参观了蒸汽机的早期开发者，了解了导致莱特兄弟第一次飞行的事件，并听到了关于发明家和他们的发明的故事。)”可知，MattRidley的新书的前半部分主要讲的是历史上的一些创新。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Itseemsmorerealistictobelievethatseekinginnovationwillbejustfine,aslongaswekeepencouragingmenandwomenwhoaretryingtosolveimportantproblems.Andwedon’tnecessarilyhavetocreateanideatoexplainwhatmaybehappening.(更现实的说法是，只要我们继续鼓励那些试图解决重要问题的男性和女性，寻求创新就可以了。我们不需要创造一个想法来解释可能发生的事情。)”可知，为了解决重要问题所做的努力可以被称为创新，因此C选项“Scientistsmakeeffortstocreatenewwaystoreducepollution.(科学家们努力创造减少污染的新方法。)”是创新，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Forexample,ourscientistsandengineersarenowworkingaroundtheclockandaroundtheworldtofightofftheCOVID-19.Theyaresolvingabigproblemwithlotsoffunding,lotsoftalent,lotsofteamworkandlotsofambition.(例如，我们的科学家和工程师正在世界各地夜以继日地抗击新冠肺炎。他们正在用大量的资金、大量的人才、大量的团队合作和雄心来解决一个大问题。)”可知，创新是多种因素的结合。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheLatestandGreatestWaystoReduceYourCarbonFootprintAtthispointweknowthatwe’refacingaclimatecrisis.CO₂levelsareattheirhighestin650,000years,whichiswhywe’veheardalotaboutour“carbonfootprint.”___16___Essentially,yourcarbonfootprintistheamountofCO₂emissions(排放)resultingfromeachofyourdailyactivities,aswellastheproductsyouconsume.Whetheryourealizeitornot,itaffectstheenvironment.So,howcanwereduceourcarbonfootprint?___17___Changetosmartlightbulbs(灯泡)You’veprobablyalreadymadethechangefromtraditionallightbulbstoenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.That’sagreatfirststep,butyoucandoonebetterbychangingtosmartLEDbulbs.___18___ThesebulbscanwirelesslyconnecttotheInternetandmostimportantly,yoursmartphone,enablingyoutoturnonthelightsorchangethecoloreasily.UseanotebookcomputerinsteadofadesktopcomputerConsidergettinganotebookinsteadofadesktop,becauseituseslessenergy.Specifically,notebooksuseupto80percentlesselectricitythandesktops,usingbetweenone-fifthandone-thirdasmuchenergy.___19___Notebookcomputersareanadditional20percentmorepowerefficientwhenrunningonACadapter(适配器)poweroverbatterypower.RethinkyourtransportationstrategyNoteveryonehastheoptionofwalking,biking,ortakingpublictransportationtowork,butifyoudo,thosearethebestwaystoreduceyourtransportation-relatedcarbonfootprint.___20___Ifthisisthecase,youmaywanttoconsiderusinganelectriccar.Whileonlyafewyearsagothesecarsseemedimaginary,they’renowprettystandard,andelectricchargingstationsaregettingmorecommon.Takingtheseveryworkablestepsisagoodstart.Doingyourparttoprotecttheplanetcanbeaseasyasmakingsmall,strategicchangestoyoureverydayroutine.A.Whatmakesthemsmart?B.Besides,anaddedbenefitexists.C.But,whatexactlyisacarbonfootprint?D.However,inalotofplaces,thissimplyisn’tpossible.E.Notonlyaretheymoreconvenient,buttheyaremoney-saving.F.Makingsomesmallchangesinyourdailylifecanmakeadifference.G.Makealistofalltheenvironmentallyfriendlythingsyoudo,andalltheunfriendlyones.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.B20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了日常生活中减少碳足迹的最新和最好的方法：使用智能灯泡，使用笔记本电脑，以及改变交通方式。【16题详解】根据后文“Essentially,yourcarbonfootprintistheamountofCO₂emissionsresultingfromeachofyourdailyactivities,aswellastheproductsyouconsume.(从本质上讲，你的碳足迹是指你日常活动中产生的二氧化碳排放量，以及你消费的产品。)”可知，后文对术语“carbonfootprint”进行了解释，由此可推知，设空句应是对此术语提出了疑惑。选项C“But,whatexactlyisacarbonfootprint?(但是，究竟什么是碳足迹?)”在句意上与后文衔接紧密，“But”作为转折连词，与上一段构成转折关系，结构紧密。故选C项。【17题详解】根据前文“So,howcanwereduceourcarbonfootprint?(那么，我们怎样才能减少碳足迹呢?)”提出了如何减少碳足迹的问题，设空句应对此回答；同时设空句应对后文提出的“Changetosmartlightbulbs(换成智能灯泡)”，“Useanotebookcomputerinsteadofadesktopcomputer(用笔记本电脑而不是台式电脑)”等一系列居家生活措施进行总结。选项F“Makingsomesmallchangesinyourdailylifecanmakeadifference.(在你的日常生活中做一些小的改变会让你的生活有所不同。)”总结概括了后文的措施，回答了前文提出的问题，前后衔接紧密，符合语境分析。故选F项。【18题详解】根据后文“ThesebulbscanwirelesslyconnecttotheInternetandmostimportantly,yoursmartphone,enablingyoutoturnonthelightsorchangethecoloreasily.(这些灯泡可以无线连接互联网，最重要的是，你的智能手机，使你可以轻松地打开灯或改变颜色。)”讲述了智能灯泡是如何智能的，因此可推知，设空句对“smartbulbs”提出了疑问。选项A“Whatmakesthemsmart?(是什么让它们变得智能？)”对其“智能性”提出了疑问，符合句意分析，且句中的“them”呼应前文“…butyoucandoonebetterbychangingtosmartLEDbulbs(……但你可以做得更好，换智能LED灯泡)”中“smartLEDbulbs”，前后衔接紧密。故选A项。【19题详解】根据后文“Notebookcomputersareanadditional20percentmorepowerefficientwhenrunningonACadapterpoweroverbatterypower.(笔记本电脑在使用交流适配器供电时，比电池供电效率高出20%。)”具体讲述了笔记本电脑的另一个低碳好处，因此可推知，设空句应包含递进关系的过渡词，同时引出后文。选项B“Besides,anaddedbenefitexists.(此外，还有一个额外的好处。)”包含过渡递进词汇“Besides(此外)”，“anaddedbenefit”对应后文具体解释，前后衔接紧密。故选B项。【20题详解】前文“Noteveryonehastheoptionofwalking,biking,ortakingpublictransportationtowork,butifyoudo,thosearethebestwaystoreduceyourtransportation-relatedcarbonfootprint.(不是每个人都有步行、骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具去上班的选择，但如果你这样做了，这些是减少与交通有关的碳足迹的最好方法。)”提及了与交通有关的减少碳足迹的方法，后文“Ifthisisthecase,youmaywanttoconsiderusinganelectriccar.(如果是这样的话，你可以考虑使用电动汽车。)”提到了使用电动汽车减少与交通有关的碳足迹方法，由此可推知，设空句应是转折句，以说明前文提及的一系列方式不适合，同时便于引出后文的“电动汽车”方法。选项D“However,inalotofplaces,thissimplyisn’tpossible.(然而，在很多地方，这是不可能的。)”出现了转折副词“However”，“this”呼应前文内容，符合语境分析。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AstrangerhelpedaJamaicanathleteHansleParchmentgettohisOlympicrace.Hewongoldandtrackedherdown.Asastarathlete,heisfamiliarwithovercomingbarriers(障碍).Buthewas___21___foradifferentkind:gettinglostinTokyoonthedayofhisOlympicrace.He___22___avideothisweekendonsocialmediaexplaininghow___23___turnedtohopeafterhemeta“goodSamaritan(善良之人)”,a（n）___24___workingattheGames,whohelpedhimtoreachhisfinaldestination.Inthevideo,Parchmentsaidthathehadbeenenjoyingmusicwhiletravelingtohisraceandwasnot___25___payingattentiontowhatwashappeningaroundhim.“BythetimeIlookedup,Irealizedthisbuswasgoingthe___26___way,”hesaid.Hegottowhathebelievedwasacentreforwatersports___27___theathleticsevent.Officialson-site___28___himtotakeanotherbusbacktothesportsfield——anactionheknewcouldhaveresultedinhis___29___therace.HethencrossedpathswithStojkovic,whowasvolunteeringattheOlympics.Shehelpedhimfindtransportand____30____hiscost.Parchment____31____ontimetowarmupandrun,finallycominginfirstplaceandachievinghisseason’sbesttimeat13.04seconds.Inthevideo,Parchmentrevisitedtheareawherehehadfirst____32____Stojkovicdaysago,tellingher,“Youwere____33____inmygettingtothefinalthatday.”Heshowedherhisgoldmedal.Jamaicanofficials____34____StojkovicasagoodSamaritanandsaidan“officialinvitation”hadbeenextendedforhertovisit.DelightedwithhiswinandhisreunionwithStojkovic-ParchmentgaveherayellowJamaicanOlympicpoloshirtasagiftandlefthisfanswithamessage:“be____35____always.”21.A.excited B.skilled C.unprepared D.unknown22.A.copied B.posted C.downloaded D.replaced23.A.belief B.guilt C.sorrow D.anxiety24.A.cleaner B.officer C.volunteer D.player25.A.gently B.fully C.energetically D.dramatically26.A.precise B.remote C.usual D.wrong27.A.ratherthan B.aswellas C.togetherwith D.inadditionto28.A.allowed B.ordered C.advised D.scared29.A.missing B.winning C.organizing D.attending30.A.claimed B.charged C.increased D.covered31.A.recovered B.arrived C.contacted D.reflected32.A.spotted B.invited C.refused D.ignored33.A.confused B.lucky C.passive D.helpful34.A.selected B.praised C.appointed D.declared35.A.thankful B.positive C.ambitious D.logical【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了牙买加运动员HansleParchment在奥运会去参加比赛的当天，在东京走错了路，遇到“好心人”的帮助，准时到达目的地，并赢得金牌的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他对另一种情况毫无准备：在奥运会比赛当天在东京迷路。A.excited激动的；B.skilled熟练的；C.unprepared为准备好的；D.unknown未知的。根据前文“heisfamiliarwithovercomingbarriers”和后文“gettinglostinTokyoonthedayofhisOlympicrace”可知，虽然Parchment对克服障碍并不陌生，但是他对自己会迷路却是毫无准备的。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周末，他在社交媒体上发布了一段视频，解释了在他遇到了一位“好心人”后，焦虑如何转化为希望，这位“好心人”是在奥运会上工作的一名志愿者，帮助他到达了最终目的地。A.copied复制；B.posted发布；C.downloaded下载；D.replaced替换。根据语境和后文“explaininghow___3___turnedtohopeafterhemeta‘goodSamaritan(善良之人)’,”可知，他发布了一段视频，解释他的故事。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周末，他在社交媒体上发布了一段视频，解释了在他遇到了一位“好心人”后，焦虑如何转化为希望，这位“好心人”是在奥运会上工作的一名志愿者，帮助他到达了最终目的地。A.belief信念；B.guilt内疚；C.sorrow悲伤；D.anxiety焦虑。根据前文“gettinglostinTokyoonthedayofhisOlympicrace”以及“hemeta‘goodSamaritan(善良之人)’,”可知，他迷路了，遇到好心人，焦虑转化为希望。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周末，他在社交媒体上发布了一段视频，解释了在他遇到了一位“好心人”后，焦虑如何转化为希望，这位“好心人”是在奥运会上工作的一名志愿者，帮助他到达了最终目的地。A.cleaner清洁工；B.officer官员；C.volunteer志愿者；D.player运动员。根据第四段中“HethencrossedpathswithStojkovic,whowasvolunteeringattheOlympics.”可知，这位“好心人”是一名志愿者。故选C项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Parchment说他在去比赛的路上欣赏着音乐，没有充分注意到周围发生的事情。A.gently温柔地；B.fully完全地，