信息必刷卷03（上海专用）（解析版）

绝密★启用前2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷03上海专用上海高考英语试卷坚持以英语学科素养为导向，全面测量考生综合运用语言的能力，突出思辨能力和学习能力的考查。试题所选取的语料真实鲜活，话题多样，体裁丰富；试卷结构稳定，难易度适中，区分度理想，测试任务不乏新意。2022年7月上海高考英语试题鲜活新颖、彰显能力，以现实生活中缓解交通对环境造成的破坏为内容的阅读语篇，要求考生理解语篇内容并推断作者写作意图及概括主要观点，全面考查考生阅读能力及思辨能力；以分析飞机上的食物难吃的原因为内容的阅读语篇，要求考生具备在跨学科情景下迁移并运用新知识开展探究性学习的能力。（考试时间：150分钟试卷满分：140分）注意事项：1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions:A．2hours. B．2hours10minutes.C．2hours20minutes. D．2hours25minutes.【答案】D【原文】M:Today’slecturewillbedividedintothreeparts.Eachpartwillbe40minuteslong,separatedbytwo10-minutebreaks.W:That’sgood.Andintheendwecanleave5minutesextrafortheaudiencetofilloutaquestionnaire.Q:Howlongwillthewholelecturelast?2．A．Themanwasseriouslyinjuredinthecaraccident.B．Themanhadpoorimaginationbecauseofthecaraccident.C．Themanwasn’twearingtheseatbeltwhentheaccidenthappened.D．Theman’sdaughteradvisedhimtoweartheseatbeltbeforehelefthome.【答案】D【原文】W:Thankstotheseatbelt,otherwiseyouwouldhavebeenseriouslyinjuredinthecaraccident.M:Yes.IcanhardlyimaginewhatwouldhappenifIhadn’ttakenmydaughter’sadvicebeforeleavinghome?Q:Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?3．A．Thewomanlikesthisapartment.B．Thecouplehaslimitedbudgettobuyanapartment.C．Theapartmentwithoutbalconyisthebestchoiceforthecouple.D．Theapartmentwithabalconyfacingnorthwouldbehotinthesummer.【答案】B【原文】W:Iwon’tbuythisapartment.Yousee,thebalconyisfacingnorth.M:Thisistheonlyonethatwecanafford.Althoughitiscoldinthewinter,itcouldbecoolinthesummer.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?4．A．Sheenjoystravelingthissummervacation.B．ShehadanunpleasantexperienceinSydney.C．Sheisconsideringwhethertotravelabroad.D．Shespeakshighlyofherexperiencelastyear.【答案】B【原文】M:Iknowyouarekeenontravelling.Whatdoyouplantodothissummervacation?W:ConsideringtheexperienceIhadinSydneylastyear,Iprefertostayathome.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?5．A．Shewillprobablygotoseeadoctorrightaway.B．Shehasrefusedtotakemedicineforherthroat.C．She’dbetteravoidspeakingeveninalowvoice.D．Shecan’tmakeherselfunderstoodwhenwhispering.【答案】C【原文】W:Emily’svoicesoundsawful.Icouldbarelyhearher.M:Yes.She’sgotaterriblesorethroat.Thedoctorsaidsheshouldn’tevenattempttowhisper.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutEmilyfromtheconversation?6．A．Waittilltheendoftheyear.B．Walktohisworkplace.C．Takepublictransportation.D．Buythecarrightnow.【答案】D【原文】W:Ifyouwaitedtilltheendofthisyear,youwouldhavethecarforless.M:Iknow.ButmyworkplaceisinaccessiblebybusandIcan’taffordtolosemynewjob.Q:Whatwillthemanprobablydo?7．A．ThewomanneverspokeEnglishwheninLondon.B．ThewomanshouldhavemovedtoLondonearlier.C．Onecanimproveone’sEnglishquicklyiflivingamongnativespeakers.D．NativespeakersindifferentareasspeakEnglishwithdifferentaccents.【答案】C【原文】W:IlearnedtospeakEnglishinprimaryschool,butIreallyneverspokethelanguageuntilImovedtoLondon.M:Communicatingwithnativespeakersmakesallthedifference,doesn’tit?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?8．A．She’sunwillingtodoitB．Sheisafraidofdonatingblood.C．She’sreadytodonateblood.D．Donatingbloodisnoneofherbusiness.【答案】C【原文】M:Areyouwillingtodonatebloodforthesickman?W:I'monlytoowillingtodothat.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?9．A．Shedoesn’tlikethepainting. B．Shehasn’tvisitedtheman’soffice.C．She’llhangthepaintingonthewall. D．Shedoesn’tknowwheretoputthepainting.【答案】A【原文】M:Isn’tthisaterrificpainting?Itlooksgreatonthewallinmyoffice.W:Tobehonest,Idon’tknowwhatyouseeinit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?10．A．Sheissorryaboutwhatshedid.B．Shethinksheshouldwashhisshoeshimself.C．Shethinkshissonisquitelazy.D．Shewondersifhewillgotoschool.【答案】C【原文】M:Mom,wherearemyblueshoes?I'llbelateforschool.W:Iwashedthemthismorning.Lastnight,youtoldmeyou'dhaveadayoffschooltoday.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?SectionB（15分）Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11．A．13. B．31. C．113. D．131.12．A．Morewomenwillwinawardsthanmeninthefuture.B．BettozziisthefirstwomantowintheNobelChemistryPrize.C．InequalityintheNobelPrizeselectionprocessisdecreasing.D．TwoDanishscientistshavewontheNobelPrizeforChemistry.13．A．Nobel’slifestory. B．ThreeNobelChemistryPrizewinners.C．TheNobelChemistryPrize. D．ThevotingprocessfortheNobelPrize.【答案】11．C

12．C

13．B【原文】Hello,thisisthe10o’clocknews.TheGoldenSessionHallattheRoyalSwedishAcademyfilledupearlyasthescienceworldwaitedtohearwhowouldbeawardedthechemistry’sgreatestprizeand$900,000.TheNobelPrizeforChemistryhasbeenawarded113times.Itwasnotissuedforeightyears:1916,1917,1919,1924,1933,1940,1941and1942.Asitturnedout,threewouldbecomeNobelwinners:Denmark’sMortenMeldal,andAmerica’sCarolynBertozziandBarrySharpless.Theyreceivedtheprizeforthedevelopmentofchemistry.SharplessjoinsagroupoffivetohavewontwoNobelprizes,thefirstcomingin2001.Nowit’shisdiscoveryofawayofjoiningmoleculestogetherthathashelpedhimandhisfellowchemiststowinthe2022Award.Clickchemistryisnowbeingtestedintargetedcancertreatmentandalreadyhasahostofusesinhealth,agricultureandindustry.Bertozziisonlytheeighthfemalechemistrywinneralongside182men.TheformerPresidentoftheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesChristinaMobergbelievesinequalityisbeingreduced.“Therewillbemorewinnersbecausemorewomenarebecomingprofessorsandmakingbreakthroughs.Whatwecandoistoencouragemoretobenominated,becausewithoutthat,youcan’twinaNobelPrize.”Pleaselistenagain.Questions:11.HowmanytimeshastheNobelPrizeforChemistrybeenawarded?12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheChemistryNobelPrizewinners?13.What’sthenewsmainlyabout?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14．A．TheyfeatureinBritishruralculturallife.B．Theyareresponsibleforthetrafficaroundschools.C．Theyhelppupilscrossstreetsintheneighbourhood.D．Theyaredressedinredwithlargeyellowsticksonhead.15．A．Shewassuspectedoftheft. B．Shecouldnotfindherwayhome.C．Shewasmentallydisabled. D．Shewouldbetakentocourtfortrial.16．A．WhyLindawasremovedfromherduty.B．HowMichaelhelpedasickstranger.C．WhatMichaelneededtomakepublic.D．WhereLindawasfoundintrouble.【答案】14．C

15．D

16．A【原文】Haveyoueverheardofalollipopmanorwoman?They’reacommonfeatureoflifeinBritain,andtheyarebasicallymenorwomenwhohelpschool-childrencrossroadsnearprimaryschools.Theyusuallywearyellowjacketsandcarrylargestickswithacircleatthetop,whichlooklikegiantlollipops.Mostlollipopmenorwomenareresponsibleadultswhoperformausefulroleinsociety,helpingchildrengetacrosstheroadnexttoschools.However,onesuchlollipopwoman,Linda,managedtoloseherjob.ItallhappenedwhenMichael,aparentfromthelocalschool,noticedsomethingverystrange:“Iwasstandingoutsidetheschool,waitingformydaughtertocomeout,”Michaelexplained,“whenIsawhowLindaseemedtobewalkingbackwardsandforwardsacrosstheroad.Then,Isawhowsheheldalamppost,andatanothermomenthowshetriedtocrosstheroad,butfoundherselfwalkingsideways,justlikeacrab.Ithought,‘thisisverystrange,sheseemstobedrunk’.AndthenmysuspicionswereconfirmedwhenIsawherbeingsickinanearbybush.”Michaelimmediatelycontactedthepolice.Whentheyarrived,theyfoundLindatobeundertheinfluenceofalcoholandarrestedher.Shewassuspendedfromherjobandwaitedforacourtcase.Nowlistenagain,please.Questions14.Whichofthefollowingaboutlollipopmenorwomenistrue?15.WhatdowelearnaboutLindafromthepassage?16.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17．A．Judgingdirectionanddistance. B．Usingthenavigationapp.C．Workinginallweathers. D．Lackoftaxidrivingexperience.18．A．Seeingdifferentbeautifulbuildingsoutdoors. B．Takinglongdrivesoutsidethecity.C．Beingoutdoorsandseeingthecitychange. D．Drivingindifferentweatherconditions.19．A．Drivingonherown. B．Takingatrain.C．Bookingairlinetickets. D．Beingdrivenbyothers.20．A．Sheisnotsatisfiedwithherpresentjob.B．Shehastendaysofannualleaveswithpaynow.C．Shehasbeendrivingataxifor20years.D．Shemaychangeherjobinthefuture.【答案】17．B

18．C

19．A

20．D【原文】M:Morning,Betty,Iknowyouareoneofafewwomentaxidriversinourcity,andyou’vebeendrivingforalivingfor12years.Mostwomendriversmayfinditdifficulttojudgedirectionanddistance.Couldyoutelluswhatyoufoundthemostdifficult?W:IcanstillrememberwhenIwasfirstlearningtodrive,Ididn’tknowhowtousethenavigationapp.That’sveryscary.M:Then,what’sthebestpartofyourjob？W:WhatIlikebestaboutthejobisbeingoutdoors,seeinghowthiscitychangesfromseasontoseason.AndthereareplacesofsceneryIwouldprobablyhaveneverseeninanotherjob.M:Now,whataboutannualleaves?Doyouhavethem?W:Oh,yes.WhenIfirststarted,Ihadonly10days.NowIhave3weekseveryyearwithpay.M:Justoutofcuriosity.Whenyougoonvacationtoanotherplaceorcity,doyoudrivethereaswell?W:Inmostcases,not.IprefertobedrivenbyothersifIgobycar.Iwouldalsoprefertogobytrainorplane,ifthereisachoice.M:Nowmylastquestion.Haveyoueverthoughtofchangingyourjob?W:Notyet.MaybeIwillsomeday,butnotatthismoment.Idogetlotsofsatisfactionoutofit.SowhyshouldI?M:OK.Ourinterviewiscomingtotheend.Thankyouverymuchforyourtime,Betty.W:Pleasure.Questions:17.WhatwasthemostdifficultpartforBettyasataxidriver?18.WhatdoesBettylikebestaboutherjob?19.WhatwillBettytrytoavoidwhenshegoesonvacation?20.WhatdoweknowaboutBettyfromtheconversation?II.Grammarandvocabulary(共20题，每小题1分，满分20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.“Thedangerousthingaboutlyingispeopledon’tunderstandhowtheactchangesus,”saysDanAriely,behaviouralpsychologistatDukeUniversity.Psychologistshavedocumentedchildrenlyingasearlyastheageoftwo.Lyingisevenconsidered____21____developmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,withsophisticatedplanningandattention____22____(require).But,formostpeople,lyinggetsincreasinglylimitedaswedevelopasenseofmoralityandtheabilitytoself-regulate.AccordingtoAriely,lyingtakeswork.Instudies,hehavesubjectsachancetodeceiveformonetarygainswhileexaminingtheirbrainsinafunctionalMRImachine.Somepeopletoldthetruthinstantly.Butothersoptedtolie,andtheyshowedincreasedactivityintheirfrontalparietal(颅腔壁的)controlnetwork,whichisinvolvedincomplexthinking.Itsuggestedthattheyweredecidingbetweentruthanddishonesty,andafterthinkingaboutit,____23____(choose)thelatter.Forafollow-upanalysis,hefoundthatpeoplewhoseneural(神经的)rewardcenterswere____24____(active)whentheywonmoneywerelesslikelytobeamongthegroupofliars,andtheoppositewasseenamongthoseso-calledhabitualliars,suggestingthatlying____25____havetodowiththeinabilitytoresisttemptation.Externalconditionsalsomatterintermsofwhenandhowoftenwelie.Wearemorelikelytolie,researchshows,whenweseeothersbeingdishonest.Andwearelesslikelytoliewhenwethinkothersarewatching.“We____26____asocietyneedtounderstandthat,whenwedon’tpunishlying,weincreasetheprobabilityof____27____happeningagain,influencingallofus,”Arielysaid.Ina2016study,Arielyandcolleaguesshowedhowdishonestyalterspeople’sbrains,makingiteasiertotellliesinthefuture.Whenpeopletoldalie,thescientistsnoticedaburstofactivityintheiramygdala,acrucialpartofthebrainthatproducesfearandguilt.Butwhenscientistshadtheirsubjects____28____(play)agameinwhichtheywonmoneybydeceivingtheirpartner,theynoticedthenegativesignalsfromtheamygdalabegantodecrease.“Notonlythat,”saidArielyinaninterviewwithNationalScienceChannel,“____29____peopletendedtoliemorewhentheyfacednoconsequencesfordishonesty.Thismeansthatifyougivepeoplemultipleopportunitiestoliefortheirownbenefit,theystartwithlittlelies,____30____getbiggerovertime.”【答案】21.a

22.required

23．chose

24.lessactive

25．may/might

26．as

27．it/that

28．play

29．but

30．which【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于撒谎的研究，影响撒谎的因素以及撒谎的影响。21．考查冠词。句意：说谎甚至被认为是一个发展里程碑，比如爬行和行走，需要复杂的计划和注意力。根据句意可知，说谎被认为是一个发展里程碑，所以空处为泛指，表示“一个里程碑”，空后为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。22．考查非谓语动词。句意：说谎甚至被认为是一个发展里程碑，比如爬行和行走，需要复杂的计划和注意力。本题考查with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，在句中作状语。空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语，和宾语之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填required。23．考查时态。句意：这表明他们正在决定真相和不诚实，经过思考后，选择了后者。根据and可知，空处为从句的并列谓语动词。句子为一般过去时态。故填chose。24．考查形容词的比较级。句意：他发现，当他们赢得钱时，神经奖励中心不太活跃的人不太可能成为骗子，而那些所谓的习惯性骗子则相反，这表明说谎可能与无法抵抗诱惑有关。分析句子结构可知，that从句为主系表结构，空处为形容词作表语。根据句意可知，他发现当他们赢得钱时，神经奖励中心不太活跃的人不太可能成为骗子，所以空处表示“比较不活跃的”，less+形容词表示“比较不...”。故填lessactive。25．考查情态动词。句意：他发现，当他们赢得钱时，神经奖励中心不太活跃的人不太可能成为骗子，而那些所谓的习惯性骗子则相反，这表明说谎可能与无法抵抗诱惑有关。根据句意可知，他发现说谎可能与无法抵抗诱惑有关，所以空处需要情态动词表示一种推测，may或might意为“或许，可能”，两者都可以表示推测。故填may/might。26．考查介词。句意：作为一个社会，我们需要明白，当我们不惩罚说谎时，我们会增加说谎再次发生的可能性，影响我们所有人。根据句意可知，作为一个社会，所以用介词as，意为“作为”。故填as。27．考查代词。句意：作为一个社会，我们需要明白，当我们不惩罚说谎时，我们会增加说谎再次发生的可能性，影响我们所有人。空处指代前文中的lying，可以用it；也可用that，指代前文中出现的同类但不是同一个事物。故填it/that。28．考查固定搭配。句意：但当科学家让他们的受试者玩一个游戏，通过欺骗伴侣来赢得金钱时，他们注意到来自杏仁核的负面信号开始减少。havesb.dosth.“让某人做某事”。故填play。29．考查连词。句意：但当人们面对不诚实的后果时，他们往往会撒谎更多。根据句意可知，但当人们面对不诚实的后果是，他们更容易撒谎。前后为转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。30．考查定语从句。句意：这意味着，如果你给人们多次机会为自己的利益撒谎，他们会从小谎言开始，随着时间的推移，谎言会越来越大。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词littlelies。先行词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.implications

B．piece

C．survival

D．revolutionE.varying

F.climatic

G.stretching

H.delicately

I.migrate

J.merely

K.shifts

ClimateChangeWhenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itcameaggressively.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly40feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopleto_____31_____inland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshiftedgreatlyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforanew_____32_____strategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.AsenvironmentalistsmeetinRiodeJaneirothisweektothinkcarefullyabouttheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemiddleofa(n)_____33_____inunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebegunto_____34_____togetheraninspiringpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcestochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiod_____35_____backhundredsofmillionsofyears.Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethatthe_____36_____changeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimate_____37_____playedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeen_____38_____touchedbyglobalclimatechange.Somescientistsargueithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.Thenewresearchhasfar-reaching_____39_____fortheenvironmentsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thepleasantglobalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000yearsisamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidely_____40_____climateovertheages.Infeet,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefutureevenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.【答案】31．I

32．C

33．D

34．B

35．G

36．F

37．K

38．J

39．A

40．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化给地球和人类带来的影响以及科学家们对这些问题的研究。31．考查动词。句意：海平面上升了近40英尺，淹没了沿海定居点，迫使人们向内陆迁移。根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，且意义为“迁移”，migrate（迁移）是动词，符号题意。故选I项。32．考查名词。句意：在把周围的许多动物逼到濒临灭绝之后，人们被迫放弃了旧的生活方式，转而采用新的生存策略，这导致了广泛的饥饿和疾病。根据句意和空格前的“abandontheiroldwayoflife”以及空格后的名词strategy分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作定语，且意义为“生存”，survival（生存）是名词，符合题意。故选C项。33．考查名词。句意：本周，环保人士齐聚里约热内卢，仔细思考未来的全球气候，而地球科学家们正在进行一场革命，了解过去气候是如何变化的，以及这些变化是如何改变人类生存的。根据句意和空格前的不定冠词a可知，空格处应该填入一个单数可数名词，且意义为“革命”，revolution（革命）是名词，符合题意。故填D项。34．考查动词。句意：研究人员已经开始拼凑出一幅鼓舞人心的画面，显示出在数亿年的时间里，强大的地质和天文力量改变了地球的环境，从热到冷，从湿到干，然后再变回来。根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to以及空格后的together可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形和后面的together构成短语，piece是动词，piecetogether意义为“拼凑，拼合”。故选B项。35．考查现在分词。句意：研究人员已经开始拼凑出一幅鼓舞人心的画面，显示出在数亿年的时间里，强大的地质和天文力量改变了地球的环境，从热到冷，从湿到干，然后再变回来。根据句意和空格前的名词period分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个词作定语，修饰前面的period，和后面的back构成短语，且意义为“追溯到”，stretching是现在分词，可以作定语，stretchback意义为“追溯到”，符合题意。故选G项。36．考查形容词。句意：最重要的是，科学家们开始意识到气候变化已经对人类物种的进化产生了重大影响。根据句意和空格后的名词changes可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，且意义为“气候的”，climatic（气候的）是形容词，符合题意。故选F项。37．考查名词。句意：新的研究表明，气候变化在人类进化的几乎每一个重大转折点上都发挥了关键作用。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作主语，且意义为“改变”，shifts（改变）是名词，符合题意。故选K项。38．考查副词。句意：事实上，人类历史不仅仅受到全球气候变化的影响。根据句意和空格后的touched分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个副词作状语，修饰后面的touched，且意义为“仅仅”，merely（仅仅）是副词，符合题意。故选J项。39．考查名词。句意：这项新研究对里约热内卢的环境峰会有着深远的影响。根据句意和空格前的形容词far-reaching分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词，且意义为“影响”，implications（可能的影响）是名词。故选A项。40．考查现在分词。句意：在过去的一万年里，宜人的全球环境仅仅是一个亮点，而这一更大的气候模式在各个时代都有很大的变化。根据句意和空格前的widely以及空格后的名词climate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个词作定语，修饰后面的climate，且意义为“变化”，varying（变化）是现在分词，可以作定语，符合题意。故选E项。IIIReadingComprehension(满分45分)SectionA(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,astheoldsayinggoes,try,tryagain.Goodadvice,uptoapoint.Butletmeoffera____41____:evenwhenyoudosucceed,try,tryagain.Temptingasitistodeclarevictoryandmoveon,inmanyendeavorsthereismuchtobesaidforrethinkinganapparentlysatisfactoryformula.ConsidertheadviceforjobinterviewsinTalent,anewbookbyeconomistTylerCowenandventurecapitalistDanielGross.Theysuggestaskinga(n)____42____question,suchas“givemeanexampleofwhenyouresolvedadifficultchallengeatwork.”Thenaskforanotherexample.Andanother.Thepatanswerswillbe____43____quickly,andthecandidatewillhavetostartimprovising,diggingdeep—orperhapsadmittobeingstumped.Indeed,onewaytodescribethistacticisthattheinterviewerisaskingforanswersin____44____ratherthanforanswersinseries.Insteadofstringingtogetheralogicalsequenceof17questions,theinterviewerisaskingfor17differentanswerstothesamequestion.Whilethatapproachis____45____injobinterviews,itiscommonpracticeamongdesigners.Theyoftenproduceseveral____46____attemptstomeetagivenbrief,ratherthanimmediatelyfocusingonwhatseemstobethebestidea.Indoingso,thedesignersforcethemselvesto____47____thefullrangeofpossibilities,toavoidtheriskofcommittingtooearlytoaconceptthatseemsattractivebutmay____48____beadeadend.AstrikingexampleofparalleldesignisthecreationoftheWindows95startupsound.Microsoftwaslookingforanopportunityto____49____theaudiocapabilitiesofthecomputersoftheday,soitiscommissionedthefamedmusicproducerBrianEnotodoso.Enorecallsreceivingabrief,askingformusicthatwas“inspirational,sexy,driving,provocative,nostalgic...therewereabout150_____50_____.Andthenatthebottomitsaid,‘andnotmorethan3.8secondslong’”.Enodescribeshimselfasbeing“completelybereftofideas”atthetime.Hefoundthebriefbothhilariousandinspiring.Intheendhe_____51_____morethan80tinypiecesofmusic.ThefinalresultwasamusicalsignaturethathasstoodthetestoftimeandwasonethathelpedtocreativelyliberateEno.“Itreally_____52_____alogjaminmyownwork,”hetoldTheSanFranciscoChronicle.BillBurnettandDaveEvans,intheirdelightfulbookDesigningYourLife,suggestanexerciseinwhichyousketchoutavisionforthenextfiveyearsofyourlife.Whatwillyoubedoing?Wherewillyouliveandwithwhom?Areyouhopingtorunamarathon?Startabusiness?Writeanovel?Thisisoftenastraightforwardactof_____53_____,butwhatmakestheexerciseexcruciatingiswhatcomesnext:BurnettandEvansaskyoutodoitagain,onlythistime,you’retowriteanentirelydifferentprojection—theideaattheheartoftheplanisonethatiscompletelyforbidden:Forcingyourselftogobacktothe_____54_____board,notonlyasecond,butathirdtime.I’vetriedthismyselfandseenotherstryit.Peoplesquirm.Theyprotest.Sometimestheycry.Andthen,soonerorlater,theideasstartpouringout.Weallcontain_____55_____.Butwedon’talwaysletthemseethelightofday.Perhapsweshouldtryproducinganswersinparallelmoreoften.Evenwhenyoudosucceed,try,tryagain.41．A．suggestion B．promotion C．recommendation D．modification42．A．routine B．academic C．personal D．controversial43．A．presented B．exhausted C．challenged D．accepted44．A．style B．parallel C．detail D．privacy45．A．fundamental B．flexible C．unconventional D．practical46．A．distinct B．determined C．deliberate D．vain47．A．dismiss B．restrict C．explore D．overlook48．A．inevitably B．accidentally C．theoretically D．eventually49．A．scaleup B．figureout C．experimenton D．showoff50．A．adjectives B．statements C．variables D．copyrights51．A．purchased B．composed C．performed D．appreciated52．A．exhibited B．created C．broke D．underestimated53．A．aggressiveness B．imagination C．wisdom D．will54．A．dart B．score C．drawing D．notice55．A．emotions B．ambitions C．desires D．multitudes【答案】41．D

42．A

43．A

44．B

45．C

46．A

47．C

48．D

49．D

50．A

51．B

52．C

53．B

54．C

55．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了寻求并行答案这一思维策略。41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但让我给你一个修正版：即使你成功了，也要一次又一次地尝试。A.suggestion建议；B.promotion促进；C.recommendation推荐；D.modification修改，改进。根据上文“Goodadvice,uptoapoint”可知，作者认为“Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,try,tryagain.”这句谚语有不完美之处，所以他给出自己修正后的说法“evenwhenyoudosucceed,try,tryagain.”。故选D项。42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们建议问一个常规问题，比如“举一个你在工作中解决困难挑战的例子。”A.routine常规的，例行的；B.academic学业的，学术的；C.personal个人的，私人的；D.controversial有争议的。根据下文“givemeanexampleofwhenyouresolvedadifficultchallengeatwork.”可知，这是一个面试中的常规问题。故选A项。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在提前准备的答案很快给出来后，面试者必须开始即兴发挥，深入挖掘——或者承认自己被难住了。A.presented展示，陈述；B.exhausted使精疲力尽；C.challenged挑战；D.accepted接受。上文提到问面试者一个常规问题，结合常识和句中“patanswers”可知，面试者会陈述出自己准备好的答案。故选A项。44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这种策略的一种说法是，面试官是在寻求并行答案，而不是寻求系列答案。A.style方式，作风；B.parallel相似的手法；C.detail细节；D.privacy隐私。根据下文“theinterviewerisaskingfor17differentanswerstothesamequestion.”和最后一段中“Perhapsweshouldtryproducinganswersinparallelmoreoften.”可知，面试官是在寻求并行答案，answersinparallel是原词复现。故选B项。45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这种方法在工作面试中并不常见，但设计师却经常使用。A.fundamental根本的；B.flexible灵活的；C.unconventional非常规的；D.practical实际的。根据从属连词“While”可知，主从句有转折对比关系，主句“itiscommonpracticeamongdesigners.”说这是设计师的普遍做法，所以从句中是：这种方法在工作面试中是非常规的，并不常见。故选C项。46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常会针对一个特定的任务做出不同的尝试，而不是立即专注于一个似乎是最好的想法。A.distinct不同的；B.determined下定决心的；C.deliberate故意的；D.vain虚荣的。根据下文“ratherthanimmediatelyfocusingonwhatseemstobethebestidea.”可推知，这种方法不是专注于一个想法，而是做出不同的尝试。故选A项。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这样做的过程中，设计师迫使自己探索各种可能性，以避免过早地专注于一个看似有吸引力但最终可能是死胡同的想法，进而避开风险。A.dismiss开除，解雇；B.restrict限制，控制；C.explore探索；D.overlook忽视，忽略。根据上文“Theyoftenproduceseveral6attemptstomeetagivenbrief,ratherthanimmediatelyfocusingonwhatseemstobethebestidea.”可知，这种方法不是专注于一个想法，而是做出不同的尝试，所以设计师们会探索各种可能性。故选C项。48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这样做的过程中，设计师迫使自己探索各种可能性，以避免过早地专注于一个看似有吸引力但最终可能是死胡同的想法，进而避开风险。A.inevitably不可避免地；B.accidentally意外地；C.theoretically理论地；D.eventually最终，结果。对应句中“tooearly”，过早专注于一个看似有吸引力的想法，但最后发现是死胡同。故选D项。49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：微软正在寻找一个机会来展示当时计算机的音频功能，所以它委托了著名的音乐制作人布莱恩·伊诺来做这件事。A.scaleup增加；B.figureout算出；C.experimenton对……进行实验；D.showoff展示，炫耀。根据上文“theWindows95startupsound.”和下文“Enorecallsreceivingabrief,askingformusicthatwas“inspirational,sexy,driving,provocative,nostalgic...therewereabout15010”可推知，微软想通过Windows95启动的声音来展示计算机的音频功能。故选D项。50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊诺回忆说，他收到了一份任务简介，要求音乐“鼓舞人心、性感、动人、挑衅、怀旧……大约有150个形容词。然后在底部写着，‘长度不超过3.8秒'。”。A.adjectives形容词；B.statements声明，报告；C.variables变量；D.copyrights版权。根据句中“inspirational,sexy,driving,provocative,nostalgic...”可知，任务简介中用了150个形容词来描述需要的声音。故选A项。51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他创作了80多首小曲子。A.purchased购买；B.composed创作，作曲；C.performed执行，表演；D.appreciated感激。根据上文“thefamedmusicproducerBrianEnotodoso.”可知，伊诺是音乐制作人，所以他创作了80多首小曲子。故选B项。52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在接受《旧金山纪事报》采访时表示：“这真的打破了我工作中的僵局。”A.exhibited展出；B.created创造；C.broke打破；D.underestimated低估。根据上文“liberateEno”可知，一个音乐拍号解放了伊诺，这也打破了他工作中的僵局。故选C项。53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这通常是一个简单的想象行为，但让任务变得痛苦的是接下来的事情：伯内特和埃文斯要求你再做一次，只是这一次你要作一个完全不同的预测。A.aggressiveness攻击性；B.imagination想像力，想像；C.wisdom智慧，才智；D.will意志，决心。根据上文“Whatwillyoubedoing?Wherewillyouliveandwithwhom?Areyouhopingtorunamarathon?Startabusiness?Writeanovel?”可知，这些问题都是对未来生活的预测，凭借的是想象力。故选B项。54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：强迫自己重新开始，不只是第二次，而是第三次。A.dart飞镖；B.score得分，比分；C.drawing图画；D.notice注意。根据上文“BurnettandEvansaskyoutodoitagain”可知，伯内特和埃文斯会要求你重新做一次，gobacktothedrawingboard是习语，意思是“从头开始”，符合语境。故选C项。55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都有很多追求的目标。A.emotions情绪；B.ambitions追求的目标，雄心；C.desires欲望；D.multitudes民众。根据倒数第四段中“BillBurnettandDaveEvans,intheirdelightfulbookDesigningYourLife,suggestanexerciseinwhichyousketchoutavisionforthenextfiveyearsofyourlife.”和倒数第三段“BurnettandEvansaskyoutodoitagain,”可知，伯内特和埃文斯要人们反复寻找的答案是：自己未来五年的生活愿景，结合倒数第二段中“Andthen,soonerorlater,theideasstartpouringout”可知，到最后，各种想法都会涌现出来，说明每个人都有很多追求的目标，只是不愿意表露出来。故选B项。SectionB(共11题，每小题2分，满分22分)