专题16 书面表达技巧-2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习牛津译林版

专题16书面表达技巧中考英语作文构思技巧（一）审：审就是仔细审题。看清要求，确定体裁、人称、时态等。（二）列：列就是抓要点。根据要点列出英文短语形式提纲，避免遗漏。（三）扩：扩就是扩展成句。将所列提纲形成“主+谓+宾。”和“主+系+表。”基本句子结构，注意定语和状语修饰成分位置的使用以及避免中国式英语出现。（四）连：连就是连句成篇。使用适当的连词和过渡语将表达要点的句子连接成文。（五）改：改主要从以下几个方面进行自我修改：1.内容是否完整。2.时态是否正确。3.拼写和标点是否正确。4.主谓是否一致。5.格式和字数是否符合要求。6.层次是否清楚。中考英语书面表达的写作技巧1.表文章结构顺序：First

of

all=at

first

Second==And

then/nextFinally=In

the

end==At

last2.表并列补充关系的：FirstofallWhat

is

more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Aboveall,3.表转折对比关系的：However/butAlthough(

从句)+主句On

the

one

hand…On

the

other

hand…

4.表因果关系的：Because+句子So+句子/As

a

result

,+句子5.表目的关系：主句+inorderthat/sothat+目的状语从句6.表条件关系：主句+if/unless/aslongas+条件状语从句7.表换一种方式表达：In

other

words,+句子Thatmeans+句子Thisistosay+句子8.表进行举例说明：For

example，句子;such

as+n/doing

9.表陈述事实：In

fact

10.表达自己观点：As

far

as

I

know/In

my

opinion

，+句子11.表总结：In

short，In

a

word，Generalspeaking,+句子中考英语作文常见错误分析1.审题不清：依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会被严重减分。2.拼写错误

：拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功，但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分，而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达，通常会降低作文的档次。

3.名词单复数问题：名词单复数会造成主谓不一致错误，名词前面缺少限定词造成泛指现象。4.缺少动词：在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的，但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成。5.中国式英语的排列：按照汉语表述顺寻罗列单词组句。6.代词的误用：英语中代词的形式很多，包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分；此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词，而英语中要体现人与物的关系必须用物主代词。7.句子不完整

：因为对句子结构认识模糊，出现只写半句的现象，这也是造成失分的原因之一。尤其体现在（及物动词/不及物动词运用）8.时态、人称和数的搭配错误：汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化，而对英语来说，这些都至关重要。9.综合性错误：综合性错误是指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等，以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。“结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点” 结构：中考最流行的结构就是三段式，“观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。 要点：要点要齐全（隐藏要点和明面列出的要点） 逻辑：这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑关系连词，体现文章的连贯性和行文的流畅性。 语法：指句型、句子结构、时态、词汇短语错误。 亮点：短文要有体现突出色彩的句型并与从句、状语从句、固定句型中考英语阅卷老师看写作主要有三个标准：1）结构2）内容要点3）语言（词组搭配、句型、句式变化、过渡词）看结构和内容要点定分数档，看语言给成绩。这是中考英语阅卷的潜规则。中考英语作文常用句型1.It'simportant(necessary)forsb.+todosth.做某事对某人来说……2.It'snouse/nogooddoingsth.做某事没有用处/没有好处。3.Thereisnoneedtodosth.没必要做某事。4.Thereisnopointindoingsth.做某事毫无意义5.Whatabout+doingsth？Howabout+doingsth？……怎么样？6.Thereasonwhy+(表示结果句子)isthat+(表示原因句子)。……的原因是……7.Thatiswhy+(表示结果句子)。那就是……的原因。8.Thatisbecause+(表示原因句子)。那是因为……9.Itissaid/reportedthat+(事件陈述句子)。据说/据报道……10.Thereisnodoubtthat+(事件陈述句子)。毫无疑问……11.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat+(事件陈述句子)。不言而喻，/毫无疑问……12.Asisknowntoall，+(事件陈述句子)。众所周知，……13.Itisgenerally/publiclyknown/consideredthat…众所周知……14.Asweallknow,+(事件陈述句子)。据我们所知，……15.It'stimetodosth./It'stimeforsth.是该做某事的时候了。16.It'sbetter/besttodosth.最好做某事。17.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人话多少时间做某事。18.sth.costs.somemony.某物花了某人多少钱。19.sb.spendssometime/mony(in)doingsth.某人花多少时间/金钱。20.sb.payssomemoneyforsth.某人为某物付了多少钱。21.Amongvariouskindsof…，+(陈述句子)。/=Ofallthe…，+(陈述句子)。在各种……之中，……

22.Inmyopinion,+(观点陈述句子)。=AsfarasIamconcerned,+(观点陈述句子)。就我的看法……；我认为……Inmyopinion,playingvideogamesnotonlytakesmuchtimebutalsoisharmfultohealth.就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。23.

Withtheincrease/growthofthepopulation,+(问题陈述句子)。随着人口的增加……

Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,+(问题陈述句子)。随着科技的进步……

24.状语从句A）如果你不……，你就会……

Ifyoudon't…，you'll…例︰Ifyoudon'tkeepworkinghard,you'lllosethechance.如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。B）如此……，以至于……

so…that…例：Atthatmoment,IwassoupsetthatIwantedtogiveup.当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。C）每当……就……每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。WheneverIhear…，Icannotbutfeelexcited.每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。WheneverIdo…，Icannotbutfeelsad.每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。WheneverIthinkof…，Icannotbutfeelnervous.每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。WheneverImeetwith…，Icannotbutfeelfrightened.每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。WheneverIsee…，Icannotbutfeelsurprised.25.宾语从句我认为，……

/我认为……不

Ithink/Idon'tthinkthat+(事件陈述句)。我想知道是否……

Iwonderwhether+(事件陈述句)。中考英语作文常用功能句型1.提建议hadbetter(not)do最好(不)做howabout/whataboutdoing

…怎么样?Ithinkyoushoulddo我认为你应该…Isuggestthatyoushoulddo

我建议你做…IfIwereyou,Iwoulddo…我要是你的话，我会做…It’sbesttodo

最好做…Whynotdo/whydon’tyoudo…?为什么不…2.表示喜欢和感兴趣like/lovedoing/enjoydoingbefondofdoing喜欢做…/bekeenondoing喜欢做…prefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A也不愿做Bbeinterestedindoing=show/takeagreatinterestindoing

感兴趣3..努力做…trytodo努力做…tryone’sbesttodo=doone’sbesttodo竭尽全力做…makeeffortstodo=makeeveryefforttodo尽力做…dowhatsbcan(do)todo尽力做…sparenoefforttodo不遗余力的做…4.打算做…/计划做…intend/plantodo打算做…begoingtodo打算/计划做…decidetodo决定做…determinetodo决定做…bedeterminedtodo决定做…makeupone’smindtodo下定决心做…5.表示想/希望wanttodo=wouldliketodo想做…hopetodo

希望做…expecttodo期待着做…wishtodo

希望做…considerdoing考虑做…6.只加doing作宾语的动词finish完成practice练习suggest建议consider考虑mind介意enjoy喜欢doing固定搭配lookforwardtodoing盼望做…keepondoing坚持做…dreamofdoing梦想做…can’thelpdoing情不自禁地做…keep/stop/preventsb.fromdoing阻止某人做…bebusy(in)doing

bebusywith+名词

忙于做…spendtime/money(in)doing

spendtime/moneyon+名词

花费时间做…havefun/haveagoodtime/enjoyoneselfdoing玩得开心havetrouble/haveproblem/havedifficulty(in)doing

做…有困难话题1：传统文化传统文化是近几年中考的热点，相信今年考它的可能性会很大。中国传统节日是传统文化的一部分。假设你是李华，你的美国朋友MIKE想通过你了解中国的传统节日。请你根据提示，给Mike写一封e-mail，向他介绍我国传统节日春节的情况。内容提示：1.春节是中国最重要的传统节日;2.春节期间人们的主要活动(节前准备、除夕夜、节日期间活动)写作要求：1.文中必须包括所给提示中内容要点，可展开思路，适当发挥；2.不少于80词。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________DearMike,Howareyou?I’mreallygladthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesefestivals.TherearemanytraditionalfestivalsinChina,suchasSpringFestival,Mid-AutumnDayandsoon.I’dliketointroducetheSpringFestivaltoyou.SpringFestivalisthemostimportanttraditionalholidayinChina.Itusuallylastsfor15days.Daysbeforethefestival,peoplecleantheirhouses.Theythinkcleaningsweepsanybadluck.Theydecoratetheirhouseswithpapercuts.Ontheeveofthefestival,familymembersgettogetherandhavebigmeals.ThentheywatchtheSpringFestivalGalaonTV.Atmidnight,theysetofffireworkstowelcometheNewYear.Duringthefestival,kidsgetluckymoneyfromoldpeople.Peoplevisittheirrelativesandfriends.Theywishoneanotherahappyyearandgoodluck.Howhappyweare.Yours,LiHua话题2：垃圾分类垃圾分类，人人有责。假如你是李华，你受学生会的委托，向在校交换生发出参与垃圾分类的倡议。请你以"WasteSorting-AMustforEveryone"为题，用英文写一封倡议书，谈谈垃圾分类的意义，以及我们能做什么。提示词语:wastesorting(垃圾分类),litter,recycle,protect,environment提示问题:

Whyiswastesortingimportant?Whatcanwedotohelpwithwastesorting?

WasteSorting-AMustforEveryoneDearstudents,Wastesortingisbecomingincreasinglycommonaroundourcountry.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentCouncilDearfellowstudents,Wastesortingisbecomingincreasinglycommonaroundourcountry.Ihopeallofuscangetinvolvedinthismeaningfulactivity.Itisimportantbecauseitcannotonlyreducethelandpollutionbutalsoraiseourawarenesstoprotecttheenvironment.Asstudents,wecandoalotforwastesorting.Firstofall,weshouldlearnhowtosortthewasteonline.Secondly,wecansortthewastebypreparingsomebinsindifferentcolorsathome.Lastbutnotleast,it’salsoagoodchoicetoputupposterstocallonmorepeopletojoinus.Inaword,evenasmallactioncanmakeabigdifferencetoourenvironment.Let’spulltogethertostartsortingthewasterightnow!Thankyou!StudentCouncil高分亮点：短语：atthebeginningof；warnsbnottodo；keepdoing；notonly…butalso；encouragesbtodo；makeeffortsto；句型：who引导的定语从句；when引导的时间状语从句；that引导的定语从句；and引导的并列句。话题3：减压生活节奏加快，竞争日益激烈，让大多数中学生在生活和学习上或多或少产生了压力，如何应对压力是大家不可回避的问题。为了更好地发现及解决同学们中存在的心理压力问题,你们班特意开展了一次以"LessPressure,BetterLife"为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你准备发言稿,谈谈你对于缓解压力的看法和建议。内容要点:1.同学们普遍存在的压力是什么;2.我的压力是什么;3.我是如何成功缓解我的压力的。写作要求:1.文中必须包括所给提示中内容要点，可展开思路，适当发挥；2.不少于80词。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LessPressure,BetterLifeHello,boysandgirls：Pressureisaseriousproblemintoday’sworld.Studentsinourclassareundertoomuchpressure.Somestudentscan’tgetonwellwiththeirclassmates,whileothersmayworryabouttheirexams.I’malwaysunderpressure,too.Myparentswantmetobethetopstudentinclass.Sotheysendmetoallkindsofafter-classesatweekends.LastMondayevening,Ihadatalkwithmymother.ItoldherIwasnotlazy.Ireallyfelttired.Ineededtimetorelax.Mymotheragreedwithmeatlast.SoIthinkaconversationwithparentsisnecessarytosolvetheproblem.That’sall.Thankyou!【练一练】【1】.第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛将于2019年在中国举办。组委会向社会征集志愿者。假设你是新华中学学生李华，请按上面的要求给组委会写一封应聘信。要求：1.热情、有礼；2.熟悉中国传统文化；3.英语口语流利。生词：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛theBeltandRoadForumforinternationalCooperation注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearSirorMadam,Thankyouforreadingmyletter.AstheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperationiscoming,I'dlikeverymuchtobeavolunteer.Allourcitizensarelookingforwardtothisspecialevent.Firstofall,IpromiseIwill,withgreatpassion,trymybesttoserveourdistinguishedguestsfromhomeandabroadpolitely.Besides,IhavearichknowledgeaboutChinesehistoryandespeciallytraditionalculture,whichenablesmetospreadoursplendidculture.What'smore,I'mgoodatEnglishandChinese,whichwillplayanimportantroleincommunicationduringtheforum.Tosumup,IbelieveIcanbeaexcellentvolunteer.IwilltrymybestifI'maccepted.【2】同学们,三年的英语学习就要结束了,你进展如何呢?现在学校"男神女神墙"上榜人物评选活动正在火热进行中,请你推荐(recommend)一个心目中的人选(可以是同学、老师或自己),用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,介绍一下他/她或你自己的情况。内容要求:1.介绍他/她或你自己的个人信息:姓名、年龄、生日等;2.介绍他/她或你自己的兴趣爱好(至少3个方面)并简要说明理由;3.你推荐他/她或你自己的原因,或者他/她对你产生什么好的影响。注意:短文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hello,everyone,Ihavearightpersonforthis"wall".HisnameisTom.Heis14yearsoldthisyear.HisbirthdayisonMay1st.Hehasshorthairandwearsapairofglasses.HeistallandalittlebitstrongerthanIam.Inmyeyes,heisacleverandcoolboy.Tomisabasketballstarinmyclass.Heplaysbasketballverywell.Heoftenplaysitwithusafterschool.HisfavoritedayisMondayandFridaybecausewehaveP.E.onMondayandFriday.It'shisfavoritesubject.Andwecanplaybasketball.Tomhasgoodeatinghabits.Helovesfruitandvegetablesverymuch.Hethinksthey'rehealthyfood.Healsolikesice-cream,buthedoesn'teatitbecausehedoesn'twanttobefat.Irecommendhimbecauseheiscoolandfun;heisgoodatplayingsports.Andheismybestfriend.【3】在过去的日子里,我们有过欢笑,也有过泪水……照片,或将这些精彩定格,或勾起你对往事的回忆。某英语网站向你发出邀请,请你按要求用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,分享你照片背后的故事。内容要求:(1)描述你的照片(时间,地点,人物……);(2)分享你的故事(起因,经过,结果……);(3)谈谈你的感受(感动,怀念,影响……)。注意:故事必须原创;短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thisisaphotothatisveryspecialtome.Inthephoto,Iwas10whilemydadlookedyounger.Look,wewereplayingping-ponghappily.Iusedtobeaping-pongplayer.Mydadtrainedmesohard,thoughhewastiredafteraday'swork.Once,IlostagameandIfeltsosadthatIwantedtogiveup.Mydadsaidnothing,sittingquietlywithme.Thenextmorning,Ifoundapieceofpaper.Itsaid,"Nevergiveup,dear.Iamproudofyou!"Now,Ispendlesstimeplayingping-pongbecauseofmybusystudy.ButIwillneverforgetwhatmyfathertoldme.Heisproudofme.HowluckyIamtobehisdaughter!【4】发明改变了世界,同时也改变了我们的生活。例如,电视给我们的生活带来了许多变化和便利。请你以"Inventions"为话题,根据提示写一份值日生报告。先介绍电视的用途,再发挥想象,说说你想发明的东西,并说明其用途和理由。注意:1.报告须包括以上所有提示的信息,但不要逐字翻译,可适当发挥,使行文连贯;2.发明的东西可大可小,有用即可;3.词数80个左右。开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。Goodmorning,everyone!TodayI'mgoingtotalkaboutinventions.Inventionsarecreatedeverydaybecausepeoplewouldliketomakelifeeasier.Therearemanyfamousinventions,suchasTV,smartphones,computersandsoon.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】IthinkTVisthemostimportantandusefulinventionintheworld.TVprovidesuswithdifferentkindsofinformationandcolorfulprogramssothatwecanknowmoreabouttheworld.Wewatchentertainmentprogramstorelax.Besides,somelearningprogramshelpuswithourstudy.Thoughtherehavebeenmanygreatinventions,Iwishtoinventakindofpenwhichcanhelpuswritemorequicklyandneatly.Whenwemeetproblemsindoingourhomeworkortakingexams,itwilltelluswhattodo.That'sall.Thankyouverymuch.【5】假设下周是"校园环保活动周",你班为响应学校号召,打算出一期以"低碳环保"为主题的英语黑板报。请你根据下面的内容提示用英语写一份环保倡议书,作为黑板报的一部分。内容提示:·节约用水·节约用电·尽量选择公共交通(publictransportation)出行·爱护花草树木·少看电视、少玩电脑游戏,多进行户外活动注意:(1)内容可适当发挥;(2)80词左右;(3)开头已给出,不计入总词数。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Doyouwanttomakeourcityamorebeautifulplaceandthenbeagreenperson?Ifso,herearesomeideas.First,don'twastewater.Wecansavewaterbytakingshortershowersorturningoffthewaterwhenwebrushourteeth.Second,weshouldalwaysturnoffthelightswhenweleavearoomtosaveelectricity.Third,wehadbettertakepublictransportationasmuchaspossible,liketakingabus.Fourth,weshouldtakegoodcareoftreesandflowers.Theyaregoodforourenvironment.La