2025届高考英语二轮复习：词汇变形练习（无答案）

2025年高考英语必备变形词积累Ⅰ.近5年高考考过的派生词、合成词Day1(词缀派生类)1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.(en－“使成为某种状态”＋danger“危险；风险”＋－ed→endangeredadj.____________)2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)UPCOMINGEVENTS(up“向上”＋come“来；来到”＋－ing→upcomingadj.____________)3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.(member“成员；会员”＋－ship“集体；状态”→membershipn.____________)4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.(multi－“很多”＋task“任务”→multitaskv.____________)5.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.(bio－“生命；生物”＋diversity“多样性”→biodiversityn.____________)6.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本).(out－“胜过、超过”＋number“数目，数量”→outnumberv.____________)7.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit.(likely“可能的”＋－hood“表示‘情况，状态；性质等’”→likelihoodn.____________)8.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell－sampled.(over－“过度；过分”＋sample“样品；标本”→oversamplev.___________________)9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.(de－“去掉”＋motivate“作为……的动力；使具有……的动机”→demotivatev.____________)10.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)WithenvironmentalistÉannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.(environment“环境”＋－al“与……有关的”＋－ist“从事某种职业的人”→environmentalistn.____________)11.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(in－“不；无；非”＋appropriate“合适的”＋－ly→inappropriatelyadv.____________)12.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)ThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.(photograph“拍照”＋－y→photographyn.____________)13.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?(ride“乘坐，搭乘”＋－er“做某事的人”＋－ship“集体”→ridershipn.____________)14.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk？(category“种类，类别”＋－ize→categorizev.____________)15.(2024·全国甲卷)Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.(modern“现代的”＋－ize＋－ation→modernizationn.____________)16.(2024·全国甲卷)For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(补给).(re－“再；重复；重新”＋fuel“燃料”→refuelv.____________)17.(2024·全国甲卷)Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat’sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.(un－＋predict“预料”＋－able→unpredictableadj.____________)18.(2023·全国甲卷)Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant－freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits.(attract“吸引”＋－ant＋－free“没有……的”→attractant－freeadj.____________)19.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Ifforwhateverreasons,people’serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.(cor－“和……一道/一起”＋relate“有联系的”→correlatev.____________)20.(2023·全国甲卷)TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode－listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.(de－“除掉，去掉”＋list“名单，清单”→de－listv.____________)Day2(词缀派生类)1.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皱)paper.(im－“不，非”＋perfect“完美的”＋－ion→imperfectionn.____________)2.(2022·天津6月卷)InthefictionalworldsoffilmandTVartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeendescribedassoadvancedthatitisindistinguishablefromhumans.(in－“不，非”＋distinguishable“可辨认的”→indistinguishableadj.____________)3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)...wefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplaysofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution...(inter－“在……之间”＋play“作用，影响”→interplayn.____________)4.(2022·浙江6月卷)InNewYork,amulticulturalcity,studentslikemeareblessedwithachancetoworkwithadiversepopulation.(multi－“多个”＋culture“文化”＋－al→multiculturaladj.____________)5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Participationinapost－visitsurveyisrequired.(post－“后，以后”＋visit“访问”→post－visitadj.____________)6.(2022·全国乙卷)Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore－admission.(re－“再，回”＋admission“进入”→re－admissionn.________________)7.(2022·浙江1月卷)Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself－employedpettransportspecialist.(self－“自身的，对自身”＋employ“雇用”＋－ed→self－employedadj.____________)8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.(un－“非，不”＋intentionally“故意地”→unintentionallyadv.____________)9.(2022·全国乙卷)Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople...invitingtwenty－nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty－sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.(un－“非，不”＋interrupt“打断”＋－ed→uninterruptedadj.____________)10.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.(①un－“未，不”＋protect“保护”＋－ed→unprotectedadj.____________②in－“不，非”＋consistency“一致性”→inconsistencyn.____________)11.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.(un－“非，不”＋thinking“思想的，有思考力的”＋－ly→unthinkinglyadv.____________)12.(2022·浙江6月卷)Highconscientiousnessisrelatedtolowjobperformance...(conscientious“勤勉认真的”＋－ness→conscientiousnessn._____________)13.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre－evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.(①function“功能”＋－al＋－ity→functionalityn.____________②adapt“适应”＋－ive＋－ly→adaptivelyadv.____________)14.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感的)intelligence.(popular“普遍的，流行的”＋－ize＋－ation→popularizationn.____________)15.(2021·北京卷)Recently,Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotimekeepingthat’sconnectedtocircumstancesonourplanet...(concept“概念”＋－ual＋－ize“使……化”→conceptualizev._____________)Day3(词缀派生类)1.(2021·全国乙卷)Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant；however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup...significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.(①in－“不，非”＋significant“重要的”→insignificantadj.____________②out－“超过”＋perform“做，表现”→outperformv.____________)2.(2021·天津3月卷)Webegintoseetheinterconnectednessofonethingtoanotherinallaspectsofourlife,ofourselvesandtheuniverse.(inter－“相互”＋connect“联系”＋－ed＋－ness→interconnectednessn.____________)3.(2021·北京卷)Theclockregistersbothshort－termirregularitiesandlongtrendsinriverdynamics.(ir－“不，非”＋regular“有规律的”＋－ity→irregularityn.____________)4.(2021·浙江6月卷)Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,hasprovedirresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.(ir－“不，非”＋resistible“可抗拒的”→irresistibleadj.____________)5.(2021·浙江1月卷)Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon－verbalcommunication.(non－“无，没有”＋verbal“言语的”→non－verbaladj._____________)6.(2021·全国甲卷)Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowlegedandrejectedbyothers.(un－“非，不”＋acknowledge“认可，承认”＋－ed→unacknowledgedadj.____________)7.(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.(un－“非，不”＋disturb“干扰”＋－ed→undisturbedadj.____________)8.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.(dis－“不，非，相反”＋qualify“使取得资格”＋－cation→disqualificationn.____________)9.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs？(em－“使处于某种状态”＋power“能量”→empower.v.____________)10.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree－storeyVictorianhouseinBristol—oneofagrowingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.(multi－“多个”＋generation“一代人”＋－al→multigenerationaladj._____________)11.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff－settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.(off－“不在……上，离开”＋set“舞台，摄影场”→off－setadj.____________)12.(2020·北京卷)SincetheearlydaysofAI,imaginationhasoutpacedwhatispossibleorevenprobable.(out－“超越，超过”＋pace“速度”→outpacev.____________)13.(2020·天津卷)Thisnewstartgavemeanopportunitytoredefinemyselfanddiscoveranentirelynewversionof“cool”.(re－“再，又，重新”＋define“定义”→redefinev.____________)14.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself－poweredstreetlamps.(self－“自己”＋power“驱动”＋－ed→self－poweredadj.____________)15.(2020·北京卷)In1965,animaginativemathematiciancalledIrvingGoodpredictedtheeventualcreationofan“ultra－intelligentmachine...thatcanfarsurpassalltheintellectual(智力的)activitiesofanyman,howeverclever.”(ultra－“极，超过某限度”＋intelligent“智能的”→ultra－intelligentadj.____________)Day4(合成名词类)1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.(data“数据”＋set“套；组；集”→datasetn.____________)2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Idon’ttrustmylaptop’sspellchecker.(spell“拼写”＋checker“检查程序”＋－er→spellcheckern.____________)3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.(sun“太阳”＋screen“掩护物”→sunscreenn.____________)4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).(road“路”＋map“地图”→roadmapn.____________)5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.(down“向下”＋fall“降落，落下”→downfalln.____________)6.(2024·全国甲卷)Thencreateyourownmasterpiece![master“大师”＋piece“(文章、艺术品、音乐作品的)一件，一篇，一首”→masterpiecen._______________]7.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.(spring“跳”＋board“板”→springboardn.____________)8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter－gathererpeopletoday.(hunter“狩猎者”＋gatherer“采集者”→hunter－gatherern.____________)9.(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape－recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo－year－old.(shape“形状”＋recognition“识别”→shape－recognitionn.____________)10.(2022·全国甲卷)Wheretrial－and－errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.(trial“试验”＋and＋error“错误”→trial－and－errorn.____________)11.(2022·浙江1月卷)Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地产)firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.(down“向下”＋turn“转变”→downturnn.____________)12.(2022·浙江6月卷)Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago－getter...(go“去”＋getter“获得者”＋er→go－gettern.____________)13.(2022·北京卷)Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.(frost“严寒天气”＋bite“咬”→frostbiten.____________)14.(2021·天津3月卷)Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.(draw“拉”＋back“向后”→扯后腿的事物→drawbackn.____________)15.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.(stand“站”＋point“地点”→standpointn.____________)16.(2020·浙江卷)ForallofBellevue’ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure－allforjammedroadways.(cure“治愈”＋all“一切”→cure－alln.____________)Day5(合成动词类)1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.(side“边”＋line“边线”→sidelinev.____________)2.(2024·全国甲卷)WelookforwardtowelcomingyouasweshowcasethecreativityoftheHarvardartscommunitythroughperformances,artexhibitionsandart－makingactivities.(show“显示”＋case“情况”→showcasev.____________)3.(2023·全国乙卷)TheChinesecoachtransformedDouglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld,helpingherskyrocketfromanaveragememberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.(sky“天空”＋rocket“火箭”→skyrocketv.____________)4.(2022·全国甲卷)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick－startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.(kick“踢”＋start“开始”→用脚启动→kick－startv.____________)5.(2021·全国甲卷)It’stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.(black“黑色的”＋list“名单”→blacklistv.____________)6.(2021·北京卷)One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.(under－“不足；未”＋rate“评价，评估”→underratev.____________)7.(2021·北京卷)Anyonewhoconsidersrivertimeinrelationtoatomictimewillencounteramajorimbalanceandmaybemotivatedtocounteractitbyconsuminglessfuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.(counter－“反对，对立”＋act“行为”→counteractv.____________)Day6(合成形容词类)1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye－catchingfeatures.(eye“眼”＋catch“吸引”＋－ing→eye－catchingadj.____________)2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Theyarebecomingoutdated.(out－“超过”＋dated“过时的”→outdatedadj.____________)3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI’mold－fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.(old“古老的”＋fashion“时髦，时尚”＋－ed→old－fashionedadj.____________)4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.(breath“呼吸”＋take“带走”＋－ing→breathtakingadj.____________)5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle－useplastic.(single“单个的”＋use“使用”→single－useadj.____________)6.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction－leveleventforhumanity.(extinction“灭绝”＋level“水平，等级”→extinction－leveladj.____________)7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Itadoptsadown－to－earthwritingstyle.(down“向下”＋to“到”＋earth“地球，大地”→down－to－earthadj.____________)8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Visitduringoff－peaktimes.(off“离开”＋peak“高峰”→off－peakadj.______________)9.(2024·全国甲卷)TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment－sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.(government“政府”＋sponsor“资助”＋－ed→government－sponsoredadj.____________)10.(2023·全国甲卷)Ittookweeksanditwasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.(back“背部”＋break“使折断”＋－ing→backbreakingadj.____________)11.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Aground－breaking,five－yearstudyshowsthatdiet－relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.(①ground“地”＋break“打破”＋－ing→ground－breakingadj.____________②diet“日常饮食”＋related“相关的”→diet－relatedadj.____________)12.(2022·全国甲卷)It’sjaw－droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway...(jaw“下巴”＋drop“使掉下”＋－ing→jaw－droppingadj.____________)13.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork’shands－freedrivinglaws.(hand“手”＋free“自由的”→hands－freeadj.____________)14.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thesecondgroupdidhigh－intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.(high“高的”＋intensity“强度”→high－intensityadj.____________)15.(2022·全国乙卷)Ahair－raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockiesofteninblindingsnowstorms.(hair“毛发”＋raise“使直立”＋－ing→hair－raisingadj.____________)16.(2022·全国乙卷)Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh－tensionelectricallines.(high“高的”＋tension“电压”→high－tensionadj.____________)17.(2022·全国乙卷)Fruitjuices,milk－baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax...(milk“奶”＋－based“以……为重要部分的”→milk－basedadj.____________)18.(2022·全国乙卷)Itisashort－sighteddecision.(short“短的”＋－sighted“有……视力的”→short－sightedadj.____________)19.(2022·全国甲卷)Avisually－challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststeptojourneytheBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.(visually“视觉地”＋challenged“伤残的”→visually－challengedadj.____________)Day7(合成形容词类)1.(2022·浙江1月卷)I’vealwaysbeenindependent－spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImusthelpanimals.(independent“独立的”＋－spirited“有某种精神的”→independent－spiritedadj.______________)2.(2022·浙江1月卷)Sheearnsabasicandtax－freesalary.(tax“税”＋－free“不收费”→tax－freeadj.____________)3.(2022·浙江6月卷)Markmanalsopromotesoff－tasktime.(off“不在……上，离开”＋task“任务”→off－taskadj.____________)4.(2022·天津6月卷)OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact...(main“主要的”＋stream“溪流”→mainstreamadj.____________)5.(2022·北京卷)Peer(同伴)AssistedStudySessions(PASS)isapeer－facilitatedlearningprogramavailabletostudentsenrolled(注册)inmostcoreunitsofstudyinourbusinessschool.(peer“同伴”＋facilitate“促进”＋－ed→peer－facilitatedadj.____________)6.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)It’soneofthebest－ratedhostelsinthecity,andforgoodreason.(best“最好”＋rate“评价，评估”＋－ed→best－ratedadj.______________)7.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup－and－comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage.(up“向上”＋and＋coming“即将到来”→up－and－comingadj._____________)8.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill－basedemotionalintelligence.(skill“技能”＋－based“以……为基础的”→skill－basedadj._____________)9.(2021·浙江6月卷)Seekingotherlike－mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.(like“相似的”＋－minded“思维……的”→like－mindedadj._____________)10.(2021·浙江6月卷)Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck,achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.(down“顺着”＋stream“小河，溪”→downstreamadj.____________)11.(2021·北京卷)Ofcourse,ifyouareanon－humanspecies,collapseiswellunderway.(under“在……过程中”＋way“路线，道路”→underwayadj.____________)12.(天津3月卷)Knowingalittleaboutalotofthingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole,well－livedlife.(well“好地”＋live“生活，过日子”＋－ed→well－livedadj.____________)13.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone－offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.(one“一”＋off“不会再发生”→one－offadj.____________)14.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt－freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem...”(guilt“内疚，罪责”＋free“没有……的”→guilt－freeadj.____________)15.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Inthiscase,oneofarealistic－lookingape.(realistic“逼真的，栩栩如生的”＋look“相貌”＋ing→realistic－lookingadj.________________)16.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Agroupofsea－dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.(sea“海”＋dwell“居住”＋－ing→sea－dwellingadj.____________)17.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell－roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.(well“非常”＋rounded“全面的”→well－roundedadj._______________)18.(2020·北京卷)In2015,scientistsdiscoveredthata10th－centuryEnglishmedicineforeyeproblemscouldkilladrug－resistantvirus.(drug“药”＋resistant“耐……的”→drug－resistantadj.____________)Ⅱ.易错派生词从近几年高考来看，语法填空的派生词主要考查较为陌生或者变形较为特殊的单词，所以考前对这部分单词应该多积累，掌握扎实，做到该题不失分。在阅读、完形等语篇中也含有大量的派生词，要学会根据词根和词缀猜测这些单词的含义。一、名词后缀(温馨提示：请格外注意加点单词。)1.一不留神就会写错的名词Group1curious→____________好奇，好奇心generous→____________慷慨recognize→____________认可explain→____________说明，解释consume→____________消费；消耗assume→____________假定；设想describe→____________描述，描写pronounce→____________发音；读音compete→____________竞争；比赛qualify→____________资格Group2apply→____________申请tend→____________倾向choose→____________选择vary→____________种类；多样性behave→____________行为respond→____________回应believe→____________信念relieve→____________宽慰；减轻analyze→____________分析apologize→____________道歉anxious→____________焦虑various→____________种类；多样性Group3solve→____________解决办法introduce→____________介绍produce→____________生产reduce→____________减少applaud→____________鼓掌emphasize→____________强调lose→____________失去succeed→____________成功laugh→____________笑complain→____________抱怨sell→____________销售weigh→____________重量compare→____________比较serve→____________服务2.动词变名词的后缀(1)后缀－menta.直接加－mentdevelop→development发展equip→equipment设备employ→employment雇用treat→treatment对待；治疗entertain→entertainment款待；娱乐agree→agreement同意assess→assessment评估astonish→astonishment吃惊punish→punishment惩罚adjust→adjustment调整disappoint→disappointment失望b.以e结尾的不去e，直接加－mentamaze→____________惊奇achieve→____________功绩；成就advertise→____________广告arrange→____________安排improve→____________改进require→____________要求announce→____________通告encourage→____________鼓舞involve→____________参与manage→____________管理move→____________移动retire→____________退休settle→____________定居；定居处state→____________声明；陈述·argue→argument辩论；论据·judge→judg(e)ment意见；判断力(2)后缀－iona.直接加－ionattract→attraction吸引construct→construction建设select→selection选择reflect→reflection反映；思考exhibit→exhibition展览，展出interrupt→interruption打断connect→connection连接inspect→inspection检查；视察instruct→instruction教导react→reaction反应discuss→discussion讨论b.去e加－ionindicate→indication象征；迹象participate→participation参加calculate→calculation计算appreciate→appreciation欣赏；感激associate→association联想；协会separate→separation分离celebrate→celebration庆祝congratulate→congratulation祝贺accumulate→accumulation积累accelerate→acceleration加速c.去e加－iondonate→donation捐赠motivate→motivation动力concentrate→concentration集中frustrate→frustration沮丧contribute→contribution贡献distribute→distribution分发promote→promotion促进devote→devotion奉献communicate→communication交流locate→location地点；定位d.去e加－ionpollute→pollution污染hesitate→hesitation犹豫decorate→decoration装饰operate→operation操作educate→education教育evaluate→evaluation评估graduate→graduation毕业(3)后缀－(a)tiona.直接加－ationexpect→____________期待；期望consider→____________考虑relax→____________放松；休闲recommend→____________推荐interpret→____________解释，说明transport→____________运输tempt→____________诱惑adapt→____________适应；改编本found→____________创立confirm→____________确认b.去e加－ationconserve→____________保护observe→____________观察organize→____________组织civilize→____________文明realize→____________认识examine→____________考试determine→____________决定invite→____________邀请admire→____________钦佩；羡慕；欣赏c.去e加－ationexplore→____________探索declare→____________宣布inspire→____________灵感imagine→____________想象力starve→____________挨饿combine→____________结合reserve→____________预定，预约prepare→____________准备preserve→____________保存·occupy→____________工作，职业；占领(4)后缀－(s)sion规则：－de/d/t→(s)sionconclude→____________结论decide→____________决定divide→____________分配explode→____________爆炸extend→____________扩大，延伸expand→____________扩张admit→____________承认；准许入学permit→____________许可submit→____________提交emit→____________排放transmit→____________传送；传播(5)后缀－anceappear→appearance出现；外貌perform→performance表演；节目assist→assistance帮助，援助accept→acceptance接受resist→resistance抵制annoy→annoyance生气，烦恼·guide→guidance指引；指导·enter→entrance进入·tolerate→tolerance容忍(6)后缀－enceexist→existence存在；生存prefer→preference偏爱refer→reference参考；查阅differ→difference不同·occur→occurrence发生(7)后缀－al(去e加－al)approve→____________赞成；批准arrive→____________到来；到达survive→____________幸存revive→____________复兴；复苏propose→____________提议；建议refuse→____________拒绝·sign→____________信号(8)后缀－ure/－turepress→____________压力depart→____________离开；出发fail→____________失败mix→____________混合；混合物·please→____________愉快·expose→____________暴露(9)后缀－ydiscover→____________发现deliver→____________递送recover→____________恢复；痊愈·injure→____________伤害；伤处·sympathize→____________同情(10)后缀－agepack→____________包裹pass→____________段落；通道·marry→____________婚姻·store→____________储存【注意】形容词＋－ageshort→shortage不足；短缺3.形容词变名词的后缀(1)后缀－ydifficult→____________困难honest→____________诚实modest→____________谦虚·brave→____________勇敢(2)后缀－nessa.直接加－nessrich→richness丰富damp→dampness潮湿；湿气complete→completeness完整；完全tired→tiredness疲劳；疲倦aware→awareness意识；明白，知道conscious→consciousness意识careless→carelessness粗心大意dark→darkness黑暗eager→eagerness渴望helpless→helplessness无助kind→kindness仁慈；好意quiet→quietness安静sad→sadness伤心weak→weakness虚弱；弱点fit→fitness健康；适合careful→carefulness细心willing→willingness乐意，意愿shy→shyness羞怯sick→sickness疾病ill→illness疾病bitter→bitterness苦难b.以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变y为i再加－nesshappy→____________幸福lazy→____________怠惰；无精打采lonely→____________孤独crazy→____________疯狂busy→____________商业；生意friendly→____________友好(3)后缀－thstrong→____________力气；强项warm→____________温暖；热情young→____________年轻人dead→____________死亡true→____________真实wide→____________宽度deep→____________深度long→____________长度【注意】动词＋－thgrow→growth成长(4)后缀－cea.－t变为－ceabsent→absence缺席present→presence出席confident→confidence自信心different→difference不同evident→evidence证据patient→patience耐心silent→silence沉默important→importance重要性b.－t变为－cesignificant→significance重要性convenient→convenience方便indifferent→indifference漠不关心diligent→diligence勤奋violent→violence暴力distant→distance远处；距离independent→independence独立innocent→innocence天真；无辜intelligent→intelligence智力excellent→excellence优秀(5)后缀－domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom明智；智慧【注意】有些“名词＋－dom”表示“领域，界”king→kingdom王国；领域film→filmdom电影界(6)后缀－tycertain→____________必然的事cruel→____________残酷；残暴safe→____________安全loyal→____________忠诚(7)后缀－itya.直接加－ityreal→____________现实equal→____________平等popular→____________流行familiar→____________熟悉minor→____________少数major→____________多数·active→____________活动·sincere→____________真诚·secure→____________安全·necessary→____________必要性b.－ble变为－bilityable→____________能力disable→____________无能；残疾capable→____________能力responsible→____________责任possible→_________